Clarion (instrument)
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Clarion is a name for a high-pitched trumpet used in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. It is also a name for a 4' organ reed stop that produces a high-pitched or clarion-like sound on a pipe organ in the clarion trumpet's range of notes.
Woman playing a clareta or clarion, from a woodcut by Tobias Stimmer, circa 1575. Possibly a slide trumpet or trombone.
Clarion as heraldic device depicted in the coat of arms of Grenville, a mid-16th century carving which clearly shows the labium openings in the pipes of a pipe organ. Bench end in Sutcombe Church, Devon
Straight trumpet, short enough to have clarion notes. High pitched trumpets are shorter instruments. In comparison to the busine, the trumpet pictured is shorter. The añafil (Spanish renaming of Islamic Nafir, also called buisine was between 4 and 7 feet long. Calling it "clairon," Nicot said the nafir at 4.25-5 ft long served as treble for the Moore's other trumpets, which sounded tenor and bass tones. Some of those trumpets such as the modern Moroccan
Angels sounding trumpets. With the exception of some early European instruments such as the Greek salpinx and Roman tuba, cornu and buccina, pre-13th century European trumpets were horns, shaped like oxen horns until encounters with Islamic armies' nafirs inspired creation of instruments such as the Spanish añafil and French buisine.
Trumpet
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The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles. The trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet—with the highest register in the brass family—to the bass trumpet, pitched one octave below the standard B♭ or C trumpet.
Trumpet in B♭
Trio of trumpeters in Toledo, Ohio, approximately 1920
Silver and gold plated trumpet and its wooden mute from the tomb of Tutankhamun (1326–1336 BC)
Ceramic trumpet, AD 300, Larco Museum Collection Lima, Peru