1.
City
–
A city is a large and permanent human settlement. Cities generally have complex systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, a big city or metropolis usually has associated suburbs and exurbs. Such cities are associated with metropolitan areas and urban areas. Once a city expands far enough to another city, this region can be deemed a conurbation or megalopolis. Damascus is arguably the oldest city in the world, in terms of population, the largest city proper is Shanghai, while the fastest-growing is Dubai. There is not enough evidence to assert what conditions gave rise to the first cities, some theorists have speculated on what they consider suitable pre-conditions and basic mechanisms that might have been important driving forces. The conventional view holds that cities first formed after the Neolithic revolution, the Neolithic revolution brought agriculture, which made denser human populations possible, thereby supporting city development. The advent of farming encouraged hunter-gatherers to abandon nomadic lifestyles and to settle near others who lived by agricultural production, the increased population density encouraged by farming and the increased output of food per unit of land created conditions that seem more suitable for city-like activities. In his book, Cities and Economic Development, Paul Bairoch takes up position in his argument that agricultural activity appears necessary before true cities can form. According to Vere Gordon Childe, for a settlement to qualify as a city, it must have enough surplus of raw materials to support trade and a relatively large population. To illustrate this point, Bairoch offers an example, Western Europe during the pre-Neolithic, when the cost of transport is taken into account, the figure rises to 200,000 square kilometres. Bairoch noted that this is roughly the size of Great Britain, the urban theorist Jane Jacobs suggests that city formation preceded the birth of agriculture, but this view is not widely accepted. In his book City Economics, Brendan OFlaherty asserts Cities could persist—as they have for thousands of years—only if their advantages offset the disadvantages, OFlaherty illustrates two similar attracting advantages known as increasing returns to scale and economies of scale, which are concepts usually associated with businesses. Their applications are seen in more basic economic systems as well, increasing returns to scale occurs when doubling all inputs more than doubles the output an activity has economies of scale if doubling output less than doubles cost. To offer an example of these concepts, OFlaherty makes use of one of the oldest reasons why cities were built, in this example, the inputs are anything that would be used for protection and the output is the area protected and everything of value contained in it. OFlaherty then asks that we suppose the protected area is square, the advantage is expressed as, O = s 2, where O is the output and s stands for the length of a side. This equation shows that output is proportional to the square of the length of a side, the inputs depend on the length of the perimeter, I =4 s, where I stands for the quantity of inputs. So there are increasing returns to scale, O = I2 /16 and this equation shows that with twice the inputs, you produce quadruple the output
City
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1908 map of
Piraeus, the port of
Athens, showing the grid plan of the city
City
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Ancient
Ur of
Sumer in present-day Tell el-Mukayyar in
Iraq, one of the world's earliest cities
City
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Mohenjo-daro, a
World Heritage site that was part of the
Indus Valley Civilization
City
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A map dating 1669 showing the location of
Multan, Pakistan
2.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
Geographic coordinate system
–
Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
3.
U.S. state
–
A U. S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America. There are 50 states, which are together in a union with each other. Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a geographic territory. Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the government, Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons covered by certain types of court orders. States range in population from just under 600,000 to over 39 million, four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names. States are divided into counties or county-equivalents, which may be assigned some local authority but are not sovereign. County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state, State governments are allocated power by the people through their individual constitutions. All are grounded in principles, and each provides for a government. States possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, Constitution has been amended, and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed. The general tendency has been toward centralization and incorporation, with the government playing a much larger role than it once did. There is a debate over states rights, which concerns the extent and nature of the states powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government. States and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a legislature consisting of the Senate. Each state is represented in the Senate by two senators, and is guaranteed at least one Representative in the House, members of the House are elected from single-member districts. Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census, the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50, alaska and Hawaii are the most recent states admitted, both in 1959. The Constitution is silent on the question of states have the power to secede from the Union. Shortly after the Civil War, the U. S. Supreme Court, in Texas v. White, as a result, while the governments of the various states share many similar features, they often vary greatly with regard to form and substance
U.S. state
–
U.S. states
4.
California
–
California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
California
–
A forest of redwood trees in
Redwood National Park
California
–
Flag
California
–
Mount Shasta
California
–
Aerial view of the
California Central Valley
5.
List of counties in California
–
The state of California is divided into 58 counties. The region was first divided into counties on February 18,1850. These were further sub-divided to form sixteen additional counties by 1860, another fourteen were counties formed though further sub-division from 1861 to 1893. The last, Imperial County, was formed in 1907, California is home to San Bernardino County, the largest county in the contiguous United States, as well as Los Angeles County, the most populous county in the United States. More counties in California are named for saints than any other state, klamath County was created in 1851 from the northern half of Trinity County. Part of the territory went to Del Norte County in 1857. Pautah County was created in 1852 out of territory which, the state of California assumed, was to be ceded to it by the United States Congress from territory in what is now the state of Nevada. When the cession never occurred, the California State Legislature officially abolished the county in 1859. Buena Vista County - created in 1855 by the California legislature out of the territory of Tulare County on the west of the Sierra Nevada but was never officially organized. The south of Tulare County was later organized as Kern County in 1866, with additions from Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties. Coso County - created in 1864 by the California legislature out of territory of Mono County, the region was later organized in 1866 as Inyo County with additions from Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties. 1850–1900 California State Association of Counties, Map of California Counties, c
List of counties in California
–
IM
6.
Riverside County, California
–
Riverside County, California is one of fifty-eight counties in the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,189,641, making it the 4th-most populous county in California, the name was derived from the city of Riverside, which is the county seat. Riverside County is included in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, the county is also included in the Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area. There is a concentration of sprawling tract housing communities around Riverside and along the Interstate 10,15. Roughly rectangle-shaped, Riverside County covers 7,208 square miles in Southern California, geographically, the county is mostly desert in the central and eastern portions, but has a Mediterranean climate in the western portion. Most of Joshua Tree National Park is located in the county, the resort cities of Palm Springs, Palm Desert, Indian Wells, La Quinta, Rancho Mirage, and Desert Hot Springs are all located in the Coachella Valley region of Riverside County. Large numbers of Los Angeles area workers have moved to the county in recent years to take advantage of affordable housing. Along with neighboring San Bernardino County, it was one of the fastest growing regions in the prior to the recent changes in the regional economy. In addition, smaller, but significant, numbers of people have been moving into Southwest Riverside County from the San Diego-Tijuana metropolitan area, the cities of Temecula and Murrieta accounted for 20% of the increase in population of the county between 2000 and 2007. The indigenous peoples of what is now Riverside County are the Luiseño, Cupeño, the Luiseño lived in the Aguanga and Temecula Basins, Elsinore Trough and eastern Santa Ana Mountains and southward into San Diego County. The Cahullia lived to the east and north of the Luiseño in the valleys, Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains. The first European settlement in the county was a Mission San Luis Rey de Francia estancia or farm, grain and grapes were grown here. In 1819, the Mission granted land to Leandro Serrano, mayordomo of San Antonio de Pala Asistencia for the Mission of San Luis Rey for Rancho Temescal, following Mexican independence and the 1833 confiscation of Mission lands, more ranchos were granted. New Mexican colonists founded the town of La Placita on the east side of the Santa Ana River at the extremity of what is now the city of Riverside in 1843. When the initial 27 California counties were established in 1850 the area known as Riverside County was divided between Los Angeles County and San Diego County. In 1853 the eastern part of Los Angeles County was used to create San Bernardino County, between 1891 and 1893 several proposals, and legislative attempts, were put forth to form new counties in Southern California. These proposals included one for a Pomona County and one for a San Jacinto County, none of the proposals were adopted until a measure to create Riverside County was signed by Governor Henry H. Markham on March 11,1893. The new county was created from parts of San Bernardino County, on May 2,1893, seventy percent of voters approved the formation of Riverside County
Riverside County, California
Riverside County, California
Riverside County, California
Riverside County, California
7.
City Council
–
A city council, town council, town board, or board of aldermen is the legislative body that governs a city, town, municipality or local government area. Because of the differences in legislation between the states, the definition of a City Council varies. However, it is only those local government areas which have been specifically granted city status that are entitled to refer to themselves as cities. The official title is Corporation of the City of ------ or similar, some of the larger urban areas of Australia are governed mostly by a single entity, while others may be controlled by a multitude of much smaller city councils. Also some significant urban areas can be under the jurisdiction of rural local governments. Periodic re-alignments of boundaries attempt to rationalize these situations and adjust the deployment of assets, the 2001 Local Government Act restyled the five county boroughs of Dublin, Cork, Galway, Waterford, and Limerick as city councils, with the same status in law as county councils. For many decades until the government reforms of 1989, a borough with more than 20,000 people could be proclaimed a city. The boundaries of councils tended to follow the edge of the built-up area, as a result, the term city began to take on two meanings. The word city came to be used in a formal sense to describe major urban areas independent of local body boundaries. This informal usage is jealously guarded, gisborne, for example, adamantly described itself as the first city in the world to see the new millennium. Gisborne is administered by a council, but its status as a city is not generally disputed. Under the current law the minimum population for a new city is 50,000, in the Republic of China, a city council represents a provincial city. Members of the councils are elected through local elections for provincial cities which are held every 4–5 years, Councils for the provincial cities in Taiwan are Chiayi City Council, Hsinchu City Council and Keelung City Council. In the UK, a city council is, In England, a parish council that has been granted city status. The council of a London borough that has been granted city status, in Wales, The council of a principal area that has been granted city status. A community council that has been granted city status, in Scotland, The council of one of four council areas designated a City by the Local Government etc. City councils and town boards generally consist of elected aldermen or councillors. In the United States, members of city councils are typically called council member or council man/woman, while in Canada they are typically called councillor
City Council
–
A city council chambers in California
City Council
–
Hsinchu City Council
8.
Pacific Time Zone
–
The Pacific Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting eight hours from Coordinated Universal Time. During daylight saving time, its time offset is UTC−7 and is based on the mean solar time of the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In the United States and Canada, this zone is generically called the Pacific Time Zone. Specifically, it uses Pacific Standard Time when observing standard time, most of Canada uses daylight saving time. In Mexico, the UTC−8 time zone is known as the Northwest Zone, the largest city in the Pacific Time Zone is Los Angeles, the citys metropolitan area is the largest in the zone. The following states or areas are part of the Pacific Time Zone, California Washington Oregon – all, except for most of Malheur County, nevada Idaho Panhandle – the northern half of Idaho, north of the Salmon River. The town of Hyder, Alaska, is officially in the Alaska Time Zone, however, most of the town observes the Pacific Time because of strong connections with nearby Stewart, British Columbia, which is in the Pacific Time Zone. The United States Post Office in Hyder strictly adheres to Alaska Time, in Canada, the Pacific Time Zone includes most of British Columbia, all of Yukon, and the townsite of Tungsten. In Mexico, the state of Baja California lies completely within the Pacific Time Zone and this does not include the state of Baja California Sur, which is south of Baja California. Through 2006, the time changed to daylight time at 02,00 LST to 03,00 LDT on the first Sunday in April. The Canadian provinces and territories that use daylight time each adopted these dates between October 2005 and February 2007, in Mexico, beginning in 2010, the portion of the country in this time zone uses the extended dates, as do some other parts. The vast majority of Mexico, however, still uses the old dates
Pacific Time Zone
–
Pacific Time Zone
9.
Daylight saving time
–
Daylight saving time is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months by one hour so that evening daylight lasts an hour longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times. Typically, regions that use Daylight Savings Time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring, American inventor and politician Benjamin Franklin proposed a form of daylight time in 1784. New Zealander George Hudson proposed the idea of saving in 1895. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30,1916, many countries have used it at various times since then, particularly since the energy crisis of the 1970s. The practice has both advocates and critics, DST clock shifts sometimes complicate timekeeping and can disrupt travel, billing, record keeping, medical devices, heavy equipment, and sleep patterns. Computer software often adjusts clocks automatically, but policy changes by various jurisdictions of DST dates, industrialized societies generally follow a clock-based schedule for daily activities that do not change throughout the course of the year. The time of day that individuals begin and end work or school, North and south of the tropics daylight lasts longer in summer and shorter in winter, with the effect becoming greater as one moves away from the tropics. However, they will have one hour of daylight at the start of each day. Supporters have also argued that DST decreases energy consumption by reducing the need for lighting and heating, DST is also of little use for locations near the equator, because these regions see only a small variation in daylight in the course of the year. After ancient times, equal-length civil hours eventually supplanted unequal, so civil time no longer varies by season, unequal hours are still used in a few traditional settings, such as some monasteries of Mount Athos and all Jewish ceremonies. This 1784 satire proposed taxing window shutters, rationing candles, and waking the public by ringing church bells, despite common misconception, Franklin did not actually propose DST, 18th-century Europe did not even keep precise schedules. However, this changed as rail transport and communication networks came to require a standardization of time unknown in Franklins day. Modern DST was first proposed by the New Zealand entomologist George Hudson, whose shift work job gave him time to collect insects. An avid golfer, he also disliked cutting short his round at dusk and his solution was to advance the clock during the summer months, a proposal he published two years later. The proposal was taken up by the Liberal Member of Parliament Robert Pearce, a select committee was set up to examine the issue, but Pearces bill did not become law, and several other bills failed in the following years. Willett lobbied for the proposal in the UK until his death in 1915, william Sword Frost, mayor of Orillia, Ontario, introduced daylight saving time in the municipality during his tenure from 1911 to 1912. Starting on April 30,1916, the German Empire and its World War I ally Austria-Hungary were the first to use DST as a way to conserve coal during wartime, Britain, most of its allies, and many European neutrals soon followed suit. Russia and a few other countries waited until the year
Daylight saving time
–
Ancient
water clock that lets hour lengths vary with season.
Daylight saving time
–
G. V. Hudson invented modern DST, proposing it first in 1895.
Daylight saving time
–
Retailers generally favor DST.
United Cigar Stores hailed a 1918 DST bill.
Daylight saving time
–
William Willett independently proposed DST in 1907 and advocated it tirelessly.
10.
ZIP code
–
ZIP Codes are a system of postal codes used by the United States Postal Service since 1963. The term ZIP, an acronym for Zone Improvement Plan, was chosen to suggest that the travels more efficiently, and therefore more quickly. The basic format consists of five numerical digits, an extended ZIP+4 code, introduced in 1983, includes the five digits of the ZIP Code, a hyphen, and four additional digits that determine a more specific location within a given ZIP Code. The term ZIP Code was originally registered as a servicemark by the U. S. Postal Service, USPS style for ZIP is all caps and the c in code is also capitalized, although style sheets for some publications use sentence case or lowercase. The early history and context of postal codes began with postal district/zone numbers, the United States Post Office Department implemented postal zones for numerous large cities in 1943. For example, Mr. John Smith 3256 Epiphenomenal Avenue Minneapolis 16, by the early 1960s a more organized system was needed, and on July 1,1963, non-mandatory five-digit ZIP Codes were introduced nationwide. Three months later, on October 1,1963, the U. S, an earlier list in June had proposed capitalized abbreviations ranging from two to five letters. The abbreviations have remained unchanged, with one exception, according to the historian of the U. S. Robert Moon, an employee of the post office, is considered the father of the ZIP Code, he submitted his proposal in 1944 while working as a postal inspector. The post office gives credit to Moon only for the first three digits of the ZIP Code, which describe the sectional center facility or sec center, an SCF is a central mail processing facility with those three digits. The SCF sorts mail to all post offices with those first three digits in their ZIP Codes, the mail is sorted according to the final two digits of the ZIP Code and sent to the corresponding post offices in the early morning. Sectional centers do not deliver mail and are not open to the public, Mail picked up at post offices is sent to their own SCF in the afternoon, where the mail is sorted overnight. The United States Post Office used a character, which it called Mr. ZIP. He was often depicted with a such as USE ZIP CODE in the selvage of panes of stamps or on labels contained in, or the covers of. In 1983, the U. S. Postal Service introduced an expanded ZIP Code system that it called ZIP+4, often called plus-four codes, add-on codes, or add ons. But initial attempts to promote use of the new format met with public resistance. For Post Office Boxes, the rule is that each box has its own ZIP+4 code. However, there is no rule, so the ZIP+4 Code must be looked up individually for each box. It is common to use add-on code 9998 for mail addressed to the postmaster,9999 for general delivery, for a unique ZIP Code, the add-on code is typically 0001
ZIP code
–
A 1963 U.S. Post Office sign encouraging the use of ZIP codes
ZIP code
ZIP code
–
"Use Zip code" labels were also used to promote the use of a ZIP code.
ZIP code
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USA postage stamp, 1973: "It all depends on ZIP code".
11.
Municipal corporation
–
A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located, often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter. A city charter or town charter is a document establishing a municipality such as a city or town. The concept developed in Europe during the Middle Ages and is considered to be a version of a constitution. Traditionally the granting of a charter gave a settlement and its inhabitants the right to town privileges under the feudal system, townspeople who lived in chartered towns were burghers, as opposed to serfs who lived in villages. Towns were often free, in the sense that they were protected by the king or emperor. Today the process for granting charters is determined by the type of government of the state in question, in monarchies, charters are still often a royal charter given by the Crown or the state authorities acting on behalf of the Crown. In federations, the granting of charters may be within the jurisdiction of the level of government such as a state or province. In Brazil, municipal corporations are called municípios and are created by means of legislation at the state level. All municipal corporations must also abide by a municipal law which is passed and amended at the municipal level. In Canada charters are granted by provincial authorities, in Germany, municipal corporations existed since antiquity and through medieval times, until they became out of favour during the absolutism. In order to strengthen the spirit, the city law of Prussia dated 19 November 1808 picked up this concept. It is the basis of municipal law. In India, a Municipal Corporation is a local government body. This standard varies from state to state, according to laws passed by state legislatures, the Corporation of Chennai was the first Municipal Corporation in India. It was established on 29 September 1688 by the British East India Company, the second was Hyderabad Municipal Corporation established in 1869 by the Nizam rulers of Hyderabad State. The third was the Calcutta Municipal Corporation, established in 1876, the Bombay Municipal Corporation was established in 1888 by the Bombay Municipal Corporation Act. The Delhi Municipal Council was established in 1911 during the Delhi Durbar when New Delhi was proclaimed to be the new Capital of India and it was elevated to Municipal Corporation level on 7 April 1958 by an Act of Parliament which established the Municipal Corporation of Delhi
Municipal corporation
–
Dhaka City Corporation Building
Municipal corporation
–
Chennai Corporation headquarters
Municipal corporation
–
Municipal Corporation Building, Mumbai
Municipal corporation
–
Municipal Corporation of Delhi Headquarters
12.
Santa Ana River
–
The Santa Ana River is the largest river entirely within Southern California in the United States. Its drainage basin spans four counties, the Santa Ana River is 96 miles long, and drains a watershed of 2,650 square miles. For its size the Santa Ana drainage basin is quite diverse and it ranges from high peaks of inland mountains in the north and east, to the hot, dry interior and semi-desert basin, to flat coastal plains in the west. Its climates range from dry alpine to chaparral and desert, relatively little water actually flows in the river or most of its tributaries. One of its largest tributaries, the San Jacinto River, rarely reaches the Santa Ana except in wet years. The relative lack of vegetation also makes the river prone to flash flooding, even so, a wide variety of animal and plant life has always been dependent on the river. People have lived on the Santa Ana River for at least 9,000 years, there were four distinct indigenous groups in the area, all of which depended heavily on the river for their livelihoods. The river was first crossed by Europeans in 1769, when it received its name from members of the Spanish Portola expedition. Because it is one of the largest water sources in the four-county region, many large ranchos developed alongside the river and one of its major tributaries, Santiago Creek. This period of growth culminated in the establishment of large cities on the river, including Santa Ana, Riverside and Anaheim. In the early 20th century, devastating floods poured down the Santa Ana River, leading to much of the river being channelized and dammed in recent times. The Santa Ana River rises in Santa Ana Canyon in the southern San Bernardino Mountains, as it passes through the urban area, it receives City Creek from the right and enters a flood control channel flanked by earthen levees on both sides. Not long after the confluence with City Creek, Lytle Creek enters from the right, from there, the Santa Ana flows southwest, and after passing through the city of Riverside, it discharges into the normally dry flood control reservoir formed by Prado Dam. Two major tributaries of the river join in the area, Chino Creek from the right. Temescal Creek drains the largest area of all the tributaries, because it provides the outflow from Lake Elsinore and it is also one of the longest, at 32 miles in length. Except during the wettest years, Temescal Creek contains little or no water because Lake Elsinore is not high enough to overflow, the river roughly bisects the county as it flows southwest towards the ocean. The river is entirely diverted into spreading grounds for groundwater recharge of the aquifer of north Orange County. Downstream of there, the river serves only for control and waste drainage purposes
Santa Ana River
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The Santa Ana River as seen from a small bluff overlooking the water.
Santa Ana River
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Map of the Santa Ana River drainage basin
Santa Ana River
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Mill Creek (pictured) is one of the main headwaters tributaries of the Santa Ana River.
Santa Ana River
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The channeled mouth of the Santa Ana River between Huntington Beach and Newport Beach
13.
San Bernardino County, California
–
San Bernardino County, officially the County of San Bernardino, is a county located in the southern portion of the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,035,210, making it the fifth-most populous county in California, the county seat is San Bernardino. With an area of 20,105 square miles, San Bernardino County is the largest county in the United States by area, although some of Alaskas boroughs and census areas are larger. It is larger than each of the nine smallest states, larger than the four smallest states combined, Spanish Missionaries from Mission San Gabriel Arcángel established a church at the village of Politania in 1810. Father Francisco Dumetz named the church San Bernardino on May 20,1810, the Franciscans also gave the name San Bernardino to the snowcapped peak in Southern California, in honor of the saint and it is from him that the county derives its name. In 1819, they established the San Bernardino de Sena Estancia, following Mexican independence from Spain in 1821, Mexican citizens were granted land grants to establish ranchos in the area of the county. Rancho Jurupa in 1838, Rancho Cucamonga and El Rincon in 1839, Rancho Santa Ana del Chino in 1841, Rancho San Bernardino in 1842 and Rancho Muscupiabe in 1844. Agua Mansa was the first town in what became San Bernardino County, some of the southern parts of the countys territory were given to Riverside County in 1893. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 20,105 square miles. It is the largest county by area in California and the largest in the United States and it is slightly larger than the states of New Jersey, Connecticut, Delaware and Rhode Island combined. It borders both Nevada and Arizona, the bulk of the population, roughly two million, live in the roughly 480 square miles south of the San Bernardino Mountains adjacent to Riverside and in the San Bernardino Valley. Over 300,000 others live just north of the San Bernardino Mountains, agglomerating around Victorville covering roughly 280 square miles in Victor Valley, roughly another 100,000 people live scattered across the rest of the sprawling county. The Mojave National Preserve covers some of the desert, especially between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. The desert portion also includes the cities of Needles next to the Colorado River and Barstow at the junction in Interstate 15, trona is at the northwestern part of the county west of Death Valley. This national park, mostly within Inyo County, also has a portion of land within the San Bernardino County. The largest metropolitan area in the Mojave Desert part of the county is Victor Valley, with the localities of Adelanto, Apple Valley, Hesperia. Further south, a portion of Joshua Tree National Park overlaps the county near Twentynine Palms, additional places near and west of Twentynine palms include Yucca Valley, Joshua Tree, and Morongo Valley. The mountains are home to the San Bernardino National Forest, and include the communities of Crestline, Lake Arrowhead, Running Springs, Big Bear City, Forest Falls, the San Bernardino Valley is at the eastern end of the San Gabriel Valley
San Bernardino County, California
San Bernardino County, California
San Bernardino County, California
San Bernardino County, California
14.
Interstate 15 in California
–
The route consists of the southernmost 287.26 miles of I-15, a major Interstate Highway that extends north through Nevada, a short section of Arizona, Utah, Idaho, and Montana to the Canada–US border. It is a thoroughfare for traffic between San Diego and the Inland Empire, as well as between Southern California, Las Vegas, Nevada, and points beyond. South of its junction at Interstate 8 in San Diego, the highway becomes SR15, extending 5.59 miles to Interstate 5, about 12 miles from the Mexican border. This segment was signed as a state route instead of an Interstate. Including this segment, the length of Route 15 is 293.64 miles. Wetterling and San Bernardino County Sheriffs Lieutenant Alfred E. Stewart Memorial Highway, SR15 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System. SR15 begins south of I-5 at 32nd Street near Harbor Drive, after this, SR15 has an interchange with SR94, which has been cited as not being up to Interstate standards. Between the Polk Avenue and Orange Avenue overpasses, the freeway goes under a city park that was built on top of the freeway during construction in 2001, pedestrian bridges were also built at Monroe Avenue and Landis Street to reduce the effects of the freeway geographically dividing the community. Between I-8 and I-805, SR15 follows the alignment of 40th Street. It continues seamlessly into the terminus of I-15 at I-8 in San Diego. On the northbound conversion to I-15 at I-8, there is no End SR15 sign, there are various local names for the highway, such as the Escondido Freeway between San Diego and Escondido. I-15 between SR163 and Pomerado Road/Miramar Road is known as the Semper Fi Highway in recognition of the nearby Marine Corps Air Station Miramar. I-15 between Scripps Poway Pkwy and Camino Del Norte is known as the Tony Gwynn Memorial Freeway in recognition of Tony Gwynn who played in the San Diego Padres, North of the Escondido city limits it is known as the Avocado Highway, whose designation ends upon entering Temecula. There are other names as noted below. Heading northward, I-15 currently begins at I-8, at the place that its continuation, SR15. I-15 goes through Mission Valley and intersects with SR52, before merging with SR163, after traversing the Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, I-15 comes into Rancho Peñasquitos, where it intersects with the end of SR56. Northward, the route crosses Lake Hodges inside the upper San Diego city limits, I-15 continues north into Escondido, where it interchanges with SR78. In Riverside County, SR79 joins I-15 and runs concurrently with the route for a 3. 2-mile portion in Temecula, then, I-15 intersects with the southern end of I-215, which continues the designation of the Escondido Freeway
Interstate 15 in California
–
Looking south from the University Avenue overpass
Interstate 15 in California
–
Interstate 15 and State Route 15
Interstate 15 in California
–
Cat Dune
sand ramp,
Cronese Mountains, southwest of
Baker, California.
Interstate 15 in California
–
West of Baker, the freeway jogs north to pass
Cave Mountain.
15.
Pedley, California
–
Pedley was a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 12,672 at the 2010 census, up from 11,207 at the 2000 census, on July 1,2011, the CDP became part of the newly incorporated City of Jurupa Valley. Pedley took its name from William Pedley, a former English cricketer who became manager of the San Jacinto Land Company at Riverside and he was the designer, builder, and engineer of the irrigation system that was installed there. The concrete viaduct train bridge that crosses the Santa Ana River was at one time the longest concrete bridge in the United States. On the northern edge of Pedley at Jurupa Ave C/O Van Buren is the Bly Wye, the wye serves as a juncture to the Crestmore Cement Mill and was once the connection to the Pacific Electric to downtown Riverside and Rialto. The Bly Wye also led to the quarry at the end of Jurupa Ave. The rock quarry provided rock for San Pedro Harbor and the rock jetties. On March 8,2011, voters passed Measure A by a 54. 03% YES vote, incorporating the areas of Mira Loma, Pedley, Rubidoux, Glen Avon, the effective date of incorporation was July 1,2011. The 2010 United States Census reported that Pedley had a population of 12,672, the population density was 2,477.0 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Pedley was 7,509 White,381 African American,119 Native American,554 Asian,48 Pacific Islander,3,520 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 6,773 persons. The Census reported that 12,502 people lived in households,17 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 236 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 27 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 460 households were made up of individuals and 201 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.62. There were 2,804 families, the family size was 3.89. The median age was 33.4 years, for every 100 females there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.8 males, there were 3,663 housing units at an average density of 716.0 per square mile, of which 2,609 were owner-occupied, and 842 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1. 8%, the vacancy rate was 7. 5%. 9,229 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,273 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 11,207 people,3,180 households, the population density was 2,204.7 people per square mile
Pedley, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
16.
Ontario International Airport
–
It is currently owned and operated under a joint powers agreement with the city of Ontario and San Bernardino County. The year 2007 saw the peak in traffic with 7.2 million passengers. More recently, in 2015,4.2 million passengers used the airport, in 2015 Southwest Airlines carried 59% of departing passengers. In 1923 a landing field was established east of Central Avenue on land leased from the Union Pacific Railroad, the airfield was named Latimer Field after an orange-packing company next to the airstrip. An airport was built there by one of the first flying clubs in southern California, in 1929, the city of Ontario purchased 30 acres, now in the southwest corner of the airport, for $12,000, and established the Ontario Municipal Airport. In 1941 the city bought 470 acres around the airport and approved construction of new runways, the 6, 200-foot east/west runway and the 4, 700-foot northeast/southwest runway cost $350,000. On 27 February 1942, an Army Air Corps plane made the first landing at the new airport, by 1943, the airport was an Army Air Corps Lockheed P-38 Lightning training base and North American P-51 Mustang operating base. In 1946 Ontario Municipal Airport was renamed Ontario International Airport because of the cargo flights originating there. On 17 May 1946, two Army surplus steel hangars arrived at the airport, which the Ontario city council had authorized the $50,000 purchase of just the previous week, city officials were pleased to have secured a bargain. Thought to be the only available in the U. S. City Manager Harold J. Martin observed that if they could be acquired at a later date. A Pacific Overseas Airlines flight from Shanghai arrived at Ontario on 18 May 1946, in 1949 Western Airlines began scheduled flights, in 1955 Bonanza Air Lines flights started. Western and Bonanza nonstops did not reach beyond Las Vegas, in 1962 Western began nonstop flights to San Francisco. In 1967 Bonanza began nonstop F27 flights to Phoenix, Ontario and Los Angeles entered into a joint powers agreement, making Ontario International Airport part of the Los Angeles regional airports system. In 1968 the airport saw its first scheduled jet flights, in 1970 United Airlines started a nonstop to Chicago and American started flights to Dallas. In September 1986, Ontario hosted the Concorde supersonic airliner during a promotional round-the-world flight, in 1981 a second east-west runway, 26L/8R, was built, necessitating the removal of the old NE-SW runway 4/22. Remnants of the 4/22 runway are visible in the present-day taxiways, with the completion of the new runway, the existing runway 25/7 became 26R/8L. In 1985, the city of Los Angeles acquired Ontario International Airport outright from the city of Ontario, in 1987, Runway 26R/8L was extended to the east to bring the two runway thresholds side by side, so aircraft would be higher over neighborhoods
Ontario International Airport
Ontario International Airport
–
Commercial airports
17.
Ontario, California
–
Ontario is a city located in southwestern San Bernardino County, California, United States,35 miles east of downtown Los Angeles. Located in the part of the Inland Empire region, it lies just east of the Los Angeles county line and is part of the Greater Los Angeles Area. As of the 2010 Census, the city had a population of 163,924, up from 158,007 at the 2000 census, making it the fourth most populous city after San Bernardino, Fontana. The city is home to the Ontario International Airport, which is the 15th busiest airport in the United States by cargo carried, Ontario handles the mass of freight traffic between the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach and the rest of the country. It is also the home of Ontario Mills and former home of the Ontario Motor Speedway and it takes its name from the Ontario Model Colony development established in 1882 by the Canadian engineer George Chaffey and his brothers William Chaffey and Charles Chaffey. They named the settlement after their province of Ontario. At the time of Mexican and later of American settlement, active Native American settlements were scattered across the entire valley, remains of a Serrano village were discovered in the neighboring foothills of the present-day city of Claremont. Following the 1819 establishment of San Bernardino Asistencia, which may have served as an outpost of the San Gabriel mission, it part of a large. In 1826, Jedediah Smith passed through what is now Upland on the first overland journey to the West coast of North America via the National Old Trails Road, the 1834 secularization of California land holdings resulted in the lands transferral to private hands. In 1881, the Chaffey brothers, George and William, purchased the land and they also created the main thoroughfare of Euclid Avenue, with its distinctive wide lanes and grassy median. The new Model Colony was originally conceived as a dry town, the two named the town Ontario in honor of the province of Ontario in Canada, where they were born. Ontario attracted farmers and ailing Easterners seeking a drier climate, to impress visitors and potential settlers with the abundance of water in Ontario, a fountain was placed at the Southern Pacific railway station. It was turned on when trains were approaching and frugally turned off again after their departure. Agriculture was vital to the economy, and many street names recall this legacy. The Sunkist plant remains as a vestige of the citrus era. The Chaffey brothers left to found the settlements of Mildura, Australia and Renmark, Australia, Charles Frankish continued their work at Ontario. Mining engineer John Tays refined the design of the mule car. At that point, the two mules were loaded onto a platform at the rear of the car and allowed to ride, soon replaced by an electric streetcar, the mule car is commemorated by a replica in an enclosure south of C Street on the Euclid Avenue median
Ontario, California
–
The Ontario Convention Center in September 2006.
Ontario, California
–
Interior of citrus packing house, Ontario, ca.1905
Ontario, California
–
The olive vat room at
Graber Olive House in Ontario, California. In 1894, two years after planting olive trees in Ontario, C. C. Graber began selling
vat cured olives from the pictured vat room in vats similar to the ones pictured. Graber Olive House is the oldest operating olive packer in the United States.
Ontario, California
–
Ontario Mills in March 2005.
18.
Riverside, California
–
Riverside is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, located in the Inland Empire metropolitan area. Riverside is the county seat of the county and named for its location beside the Santa Ana River. It is the most populous city in the Inland Empire and in Riverside County and it is also part of the Greater Los Angeles area. Riverside is the 59th most populous city in the United States, as of the 2010 Census, Riverside had a population of 303,871. Riverside was founded in the early 1870s and it is the birthplace of the California citrus industry and home of the Mission Inn, the largest Mission Revival Style building in the United States. It is also home to the Riverside National Cemetery, the University of California, Riverside, is located in the northeastern part of the city. The university also hosts the Riverside Sports Complex, in the late 1700s and early 1800s, the area was inhabited by Cahuilla and the Serrano people. Californios such as Bernardo Yorba and Juan Bandini established ranches during the first half of the 19th century, in the 1860s, Louis Prevost launched the California Silk Center Association, a short-lived experiment in sericulture. In the wake of its failure, John W. North purchased some of its land, in March 1870, North distributed posters announcing the formation of a colony in California. North, a staunch temperance-minded abolitionist from New York State, had formerly founded Northfield, a few years later, some navel orange trees were planted and found to be such a success that full-scale planting began. Riverside was temperance minded, and Republican, there were four saloons in Riverside when it was founded. The license fees were raised until the saloons moved out of Riverside, investors from England and Canada transplanted traditions and activities adopted by prosperous citizens. As a result, the first golf course and polo field in Southern California were built in Riverside. C, the trees came from Bahia, Brazil. The Bahia orange did not thrive in Florida, but its success in Southern California was phenomenal, the three trees were planted on the Tibbetts property. One of the trees died after it was trampled by a cow during the first year it was planted, after the trampling, the two remaining trees were transplanted to property belonging to Sam McCoy to receive better care than L. C. That tree still stands to this day inside a protective fence abutting what is now a major intersection, the trees thrived in the Southern California climate and the navel orange industry grew rapidly. Many growers purchased bud wood and then grafted the cuttings to root stock, by 1882, there were more than half a million citrus trees in California, almost half of which were in Riverside. The development of refrigerated cars and innovative irrigation systems established Riverside as the richest city in the United States by 1895
Riverside, California
–
Riverside skyline
Riverside, California
–
The first
navel orange tree in California replanted here by President
Theodore Roosevelt, ca. 1910.
Riverside, California
–
Victoria Avenue provides a citrus-lined paseo for both visitors and locals to enjoy.
Riverside, California
–
Riverside, 1876.
19.
Calimesa, California
–
Calimesa is a city in Riverside County, California, United States in the Greater Los Angeles area. The population was 7,879 at the 2010 census, up from 7,139 at the 2000 census and it is situated in the San Gorgonio Pass. The City of Calimesa was incorporated on December 1,1990, soon after the incorporation of its northern neighbor, historically, Calimesa is divided from the City of Yucaipa by the Wildwood Canyon Wash, politically, County Line Road divides the two towns. Much of what was known as Calimesa actually lies within the city boundaries of Yucaipa, including I-Street Park. The city limits of Calimesa also extend southwest to the City of Beaumont, near Interstate 10, Champions Drive is the common boundary between the two cities. Historically, Calimesa began as a rural town with mostly single-family homes and ranches. With completion of U. S. Route 99, businesses opened, in June 1929 nearly 100 residents attended a meeting and decided to apply for their own post office and to state a “name contest” in which the winner was paid $10. Calimesa was chosen from 107 names submitted, and is said to come from “cali” and “mesa” from the Spanish word meaning “table or table-lands. ”The first post office was the store at Calimesa Boulevard. The modern history of the area was initiated with the establishment of Spanish missions in Alta California in 1769, the need for a land route to these missions inspired Captain Juan Bautista de Anza to lead a party through the area in 1774. As early as 1820, reference can be found to the foot path for the missions in Arizona to the San Gabriel Mission. The Assistencia in Redlands and the San Gorgonio Rancheria were part of the San Gabriel Mission located near today’s Los Angeles, the San Gorgonio Rancheria was located in what is now Cherry Valley near Edgar Canyon. The post office reinforced the feeling of a community separate from the town of Yucaipa. In 1939 or 1940, the Calimesa Improvement Association, Inc. was formed, according to the constitution of the association, “The object and purpose of the association shall be the development and improvement of Calimesa and The Community”. Volunteers built a community center at the corner of Bryant and Avenue H, the South Mesa Water Company purchased the land for a well site and allowed the association to use it for community events. In 1962 the Calimesa Improvement Association became the Calimesa Chamber of Commerce, the Improvement Association and the Chamber have operated as a mix of promoting Calimesa, providing community service, and being a sounding board for residents’ problems. Prior to 1949 the fire protection for the valley was provided by the California Department of Forestry at the Avenue A station, Calimesa community members felt the need for more protection on the south side of the wash, so in 1949 they formed the Volunteer Fire Department. The amount of approved units currently outnumbers the total population within the city, however, development of these large tracts have been slow to move forward until the demand increases. The city is accessible from the Interstate 10 Freeway, which traverses the city from north to south
Calimesa, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
20.
Canyon Lake, California
–
Canyon Lake is a city and gated community on Canyon Lake reservoir, located in western Riverside County, California, United States. It is one of five gated incorporated cities currently in California, the “City of Canyon Lake” was incorporated on December 1,1990. Railroad Canyon Dam was built in 1927, and impounds the San Jacinto River to fill the reservoir, the affluent city of Canyon Lake is located east of Lake Elsinore and Interstate 15, in the southern foothills of the Temescal Mountains. The mountain range is on the edge of the Perris Block. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 4.7 square miles or 2,017 acres. The lake has 14.9 miles of shoreline, the 2010 United States Census reported that Canyon Lake had a population of 10,561. The population density was 2,260.8 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Canyon Lake was 9,495 White,128 Black or African American,61 Native American,190 Asian American,36 Pacific Islander,316 from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,303 persons. The Census reported that 10,552 people lived in households,9 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 214 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 27 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 658 households were made up of individuals and 311 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.68. There were 3,053 families, the family size was 2.99. The median age was 44.0 years, for every 100 females there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.0 males, there were 4,532 housing units at an average density of 970.2 per square mile, of which 3,245 were owner-occupied, and 690 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2. 9%, the vacancy rate was 6. 1%. 8,443 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,109 people lived in housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Canyon Lake had a household income of $74,133. As of the census of 2000, there were 9,952 people,3,643 households, the population density was 2,485.9 people per square mile. There were 4,047 housing units at a density of 1,010.9 per square mile
Canyon Lake, California
–
Entrance of Canyon Lake, CA
Canyon Lake, California
–
Canyon Lake Lodge
Canyon Lake, California
–
Sit Down Hydrofoiling is popular on Canyon Lake.
21.
Cathedral City, California
–
Cathedral City is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. Colloquially known as Cat City, the population was 51,200 at the 2010 census, located between Palm Springs and Rancho Mirage, it is one of the nine cities of the Coachella Valley in Southern California. Cathedral City has the second largest population in the Coachella Valley, the citys name derives from Cathedral Canyon to the south of the town, so named in 1850 by Colonel Henry Washington because of its rock formations that are reminiscent of a cathedral. The city started as a subdivision in 1925, but was not incorporated until 1981. Cathedral City had a revitalization program started in the late 1990s. A new city hall was built as was the IMAX/Mary Pickford movie theater complex, in 1931 Al and Lou Wertheimer of the reputed Detroit Purple Gang opened the Dunes Club just outside Palm Springs city limits. This was followed in 1939 by Earl T. Saussers 139 Club and the Cove Club in 1941, built by Jake Katelman and Frank Portnoy. According to the United States Census Bureau, Cathedral City has an area of 21.8 square miles. The 2010 United States Census reported that Cathedral City had a population of 51,200, the population density was 2,353.3 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Cathedral City was 32,537 White,1,344 African American,540 Native American,2,562 Asian,55 Pacific Islander,12,008 from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 30,085 persons. The Census reported that 50,905 people lived in households,263 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 1,054 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 779 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,292 households were made up of individuals and 2,259 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.99. There were 11,056 families, the family size was 3.67. The median age was 36.0 years, for every 100 females there were 105.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.2 males, there were 20,995 housing units at an average density of 965.0 per square mile, of which 10,769 were owner-occupied, and 6,278 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4. 2%, the vacancy rate was 11. 0%. 30,236 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 20,669 people lived in housing units. During 2009–2013, Cathedral City had a household income of $44,406
Cathedral City, California
–
Cathedral City Hall
22.
Coachella, California
–
Coachella is a city in Riverside County, California, it is the easternmost city in the region collectively known as the Coachella Valley. It is located 28 miles east of Palm Springs,72 miles east of Riverside, known as the City of Eternal Sunshine, Coachella is largely a rural and agricultural community in the desert and one of the states fastest growing cities in the late 20th century. When it first incorporated back in 1946, it had 1,000 residents, the eastern half of the Coachella valley is below sea level, and the areas average elevation is 68 feet below sea level. The Salton Sea, a lake located about 10 miles South of Coachella. The city also lends its name to the Coachella grapefruit, the stretch of State Route 111 is named Grapefruit Boulevard in its honor. Harrison Street or State Route 86 is declared historic U. S. Route 99, Coachella is located at 33°40′46″N 116°10′28″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 28.95 square miles. The elevation is 68 feet below sea level, as the half of the Coachella valley is below sea level. The saltwater lake, Salton Sea,10 miles south of Coachella, is 228 feet below sea level, the city was founded as Woodspur in 1876, when the Southern Pacific Railroad built a rail siding on the site. In 1901 the citizens of Woodspur voted on a new name for their community and at a town hall meeting, the origin of the name Coachella is unclear. Some locals believe it was a misspelling of Conchilla, a Spanish word for the white snail shells found in the valleys sandy soil. Coachella began as a 2. 5-square-mile territory gridded out on the desert floor. Coachella became a city in 1946, during the incorporation voting process, the first city council was tentatively elected, Lester C. Cox, T. E. Reyes, John W. Westerfield, Lester True, also elected on November 26,1946, were City Clerk Marie L. Johnson and City Treasurer John C. John Westerfield was appointed mayor at the first meeting, by the 1980 census, Coachellas population had reached at least 10,000 due to relative slow population growth. Due to a percentage of Hispanics in the city, Coachella was a scene of Chicano political activism including protests and visits by United Farm Workers leader César Chávez in the 1960s and 1970s. Https, //www. newspapers. com/clip/4800306/1970_coachella_ca_riots_mexican/ - The Coachella Riot of 1970, Coachella is served by the Coachella Valley Unified School District, based in Thermal, California. Elementary schools include Cesar Chavez, Palm View, Peter Pendleton, Valle Del Sol, Valley View, Westside, the Coachella Valley Adult School, in operation since 1952, is the third largest adult school in Riverside County
Coachella, California
–
Coachella City Hall
23.
Desert Hot Springs, California
–
Desert Hot Springs, also known as DHS, is a city in Riverside County, California, United States. The city is located within the Coachella Valley geographic region, sometimes referred to as the Desert Empire, the population was 25,938 at the 2010 census, up from 16,582 at the 2000 census. The city has undergone development and high population growth since the 1970s. Cabot Yerxa arrived in 1913 and soon discovered the hot water aquifer on Miracle Hill, due to the Mission Creek Branch of the San Andreas Fault bisecting the area, one side is a cold water aquifer, the other has a hot water aquifer. Cabots Trading Post & Gallery opened there in February 2008, the town was founded by L. W. Coffee on July 12,1941. The original town site was centered at the intersection of Palm Drive, Coffee chose the name Desert Hot Springs because of the areas natural hot springs. Desert Hot Springs became a tourist destination in the 1950s because of its spa hotels. The city is popular with snowbirds, realtors arrived to speculate, and thousands of lots and streets were laid out over a six square mile area. Some homes were bought by retirees and the area incorporated as a city in 1963, Desert Hot Springs experienced periods of significant growth in the 1980s and 1990s, when most of the vacant lots were filled with new houses and duplex apartments. The citys population doubled in the 1980s and increased by 5,000 in the 2000 census, in 1993, a 3-star hotel, Mirage Springs Hotel Resort opened in DHS. Despite good reviews and providing much needed revenue to DHS. The business reopened as the Miracle Springs Resort and Spa, Desert Hot Springs High School opened in 1999. Desert Local News, is a news source. The Desert Star Weekly newspaper is published in the city, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 23.6 square miles, of which 99. 89% is land and 0. 11% is water. Desert Hot Springs has a climate similar to the rest of the Coachella Valley. Summers are very hot with days frequently exceeding 107 °F in July, the winters are mild with days typically seeing temperatures between 68–82 °F and corresponding night-time lows between 50–65 °F. Heat waves during the summer months involving temperatures higher than 110 °F are not unusual, the Mission Creek Fault, a branch of the San Andreas, separates two aquifers. On one side, the Desert Hot Springs Sub-Basin contains an aquifer with hot water and this aquifer supports the areas spas and resorts
Desert Hot Springs, California
–
1950s postcard promoting tourism
Desert Hot Springs, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
24.
Indian Wells, California
–
Indian Wells is a city in Riverside County, California, in the Coachella Valley. Incorporated in 1967, it lies in between Palm Desert and the town of La Quinta. As of the 2013 census, the city population was 5,165, the city hosts the fifth-largest tennis tournament in the world, the Indian Wells Masters tennis tournament—presently known as the BNP Paribas Open. It is held at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden, which contains the second-largest tennis-specific stadium in the world, as early as 1853, the area now known as Indian Wells was the site of a thriving Indian village, as reported by W. P. A decade later, when gold was discovered on the Colorado River, the Alexander and Company Stage Line used the trail to transport prospectors and Indian Wells became an important stop along the trail. Competition from the Southern Pacific Railroad caused the route to be abandoned briefly in 1875 before being reactivated by the Wells Fargo Company the following year, over the next decades, settlers gradually arrived in the area and date palm ranches became profitable. The areas first golf courses were opened in the 1950s at the Eldorado Country Club, in 1957, Desi Arnaz opened his Indian Wells Hotel. In 1960, Arnold Palmer won the first Bob Hope Desert Classic golf tournament, president Dwight D. Eisenhower was a regular Indian Wells visitor and later an Eldorado homeowner. In an election held June 27,1967, to avoid being annexed by neighboring cities such as Palm Desert, on July 14,1967, Indian Wells became Californias 400th city and the 16th in Riverside County. Since then, Indian Wells has continued to grow, with the development of hotels, golf courses. The 2010 United States Census reported that Indian Wells had a population of 4,958, the population density was 339.8 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Indian Wells was 4,721 White,29 African American,20 Native American,83 Asian,2 Pacific Islander,52 from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 209 persons. The Census reported that 4,952 people lived in households,6 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 85 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 36 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 944 households were made up of individuals and 690 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 1.80. There were 1,650 families, the family size was 2.22. The age distribution was,310 people under the age of 18,76 people aged 18 to 24,283 people aged 25 to 44,1,558 people aged 45 to 64, the median age was 66.7 years. For every 100 females there were 84.6 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.2 males. There were 5,137 housing units at a density of 352.1 per square mile, of which 2,285 were owner-occupied
Indian Wells, California
–
City limit as seen from
Palm Desert, California
25.
Indio, California
–
Indio is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, located in the Coachella Valley of Southern Californias Colorado Desert region. It lies 23 miles east of Palm Springs,77 miles east of Riverside and it is about 98 miles north of Mexicali, Baja California on the U. S. -Mexican border. The word Indio is Spanish for Indian, the population was 76,036 in the 2010 United States Census, up from 49,116 at the 2000 census, an increase of 55%. Railroad line construction east out of Los Angeles began in 1873, trains were operated to Colton on July 16,1875, and to Indio on May 29,1876. Moving on eastward from Indio, the reached the west bank of the Colorado River opposite Yuma on May 23,1877. There was delay in getting military authority to lay tracks across the Yuma Indian reservation, but the rail-head of the T & P was at a standstill far off in Texas, so Southern Pacific continued building eastward. The City of Indio came about because of the need of a point for the Southern Pacific Railroad between Yuma, Arizona and Los Angeles. The engines needed to be re-filled with water, at first, the-would-be city was called Indian Wells, but because of so many other areas already called that, Indio – after a Spanish variation of the word Indian – was chosen. After the railroads arrival in 1876, Indio really started to grow, the first permanent building was the craftsman style Southern Pacific Depot station and hotel. Southern Pacific tried to make life as comfortable as it could for their workers in order to them from leaving such a difficult area to live in at the time. It was at the center of all life in the desert with a fancy dining room. While Indio started as a town, it soon became agricultural. However, water also was a problem for Indio and the city was flooded several times until the storm water canals were created throughout the Coachella Valley. Businessmen and women found this last frontier land of the continental United States as a place to start fresh. Dr. Harry Smiley and his wife Nell were early residents and stayed in Indio after their car broke down on the way to Los Angeles and became people of influence and helped shape the area. A. G. Tingman was an early storeowner and first Postmaster of Indio, later Dr. June Robertson McCarroll became a leading philanthropist as well as successful doctor in Indio. But even though these early founders of the city are considered pioneers, Indio established itself quickly and kept up with all the trends as they were brought in by the railroads. By the turn of the 20th century, Indio was already more than a railroad town
Indio, California
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Indio during the 1950s: Stan Sniff, a local date grower's booth at the annual National Date Festival and Riverside County Fair, selling dates which is one of the region's most popular crops.
26.
La Quinta, California
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La Quinta is a resort city in Riverside County, California, United States, specifically in the Coachella Valley between Indian Wells and Indio. The population was 37,467 at the 2010 census, up from 23,694 at the 2000 census, the Robb Report credits La Quinta as the leading golf destination in the US. Among those destinations is the La Quinta Resort and Club, a dating to 1926. The Tom Fazio-designed golf course at The Quarry at La Quinta is ranked among the top 100 golf courses in the United States. In January 2008, the Arnold Palmer Classic Course at the citys SilverRock Golf Resort became one of the four host golf courses for the annual Bob Hope Chrysler Classic PGA golf tournament. In the late-19th century and early-20th century, agriculture developed in present-day La Quinta, at the time, California and federal land surveyors declared the sand dunes uninhabitable, only the hard rock ground of the Marshall Cove held potential farming and residential development. In 1926, Walter Morgan established the La Quinta Resort at the section of Marshall Cove as a type of secluded hideaway for nearby Hollywoods celebrities and socialites. The Resort was the site for the Coachella Valleys first golf course, coinciding with the construction, further expansion of Washington Street in the 1950s and 1960s connected La Quinta with US Highways 60 and 99. As nearby desert cities grew to capacity, La Quintas growth rose dramatically by the mid-1980s, in the 1980 census, La Quinta had 4,200 residents, then increased to 11,215 by 1990 in the citys early phases of residential area growth. Once predominantly a community until the early-1990s, more full-time residents live in La Quinta to make it possibly more populous than Palm Springs by 2006. La Quinta is located at 33°40′31″N 116°17′51″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 35.6 square miles, of which,35.1 square miles of it is land and 0.4 square miles of it is water. The citys elevation is 56 feet above sea level, the landscape was formerly a lake shore of prehistoric Lake Cahuilla which evaporated about 5,000 years ago. The most prominent feature of the La Quinta area is its Santa Rosa Mountains, the Palm Springs segment of Soarin Over California was actually shot at the world-famous PGA West golf complex in La Quinta. The Santa Rosa Mountains are nestled against the course and can be seen easily in the segment. The area is close to the earthquake-causing San Andreas Fault. The climate of the Coachella Valley is influenced by the surrounding geography, High mountain ranges on three sides contribute to its unique and year-round warm climate, with the some of warmest winters west of the Rocky Mountains. Winters are warm with highs often between 68–86 °F. Under 4 inches of precipitation are average, with over 348 days of sunshine per year
La Quinta, California
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Seal
La Quinta, California
–
Location of La Quinta in the state of
California
La Quinta, California
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The
Santa Rosa Mountains at dusk.
27.
Moreno Valley, California
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Moreno Valley is a city located in Riverside County, California and is part of the San Bernardino-Riverside Metropolitan Area. A relatively young city, its growth from the 1980s to the early 2000s made it the second-largest city in Riverside County by population. As of the 2010 census, the population was 193,365. The city is tied to Riverside, California, the county seat and largest city in the county. Moreno Valley is also part of the Greater Los Angeles area, the Moreno Valley area was first inhabited 2,300 years ago. There are at least 190 prehistoric archaeological locations within the city, the majority of the sites are milling stations - where chaparral seed was the dominant milling activity. Rock art, consisting of pictographs, and petroglyphs are present - though most of the petroglyphs in Moreno Valley consist of boulders with cupules, or cup-shaped holes pecked into them. Spanish scouts initially came across descendants of the Shoshone, and Luiseño tribes, although other groups, such as the Serrano, Spanish scouts blazed a number of trails in the area, including the Anza Trail, which runs through the Edgemont area of present-day Moreno Valley. When California was admitted to the United States as a state in 1850, the Tucson-to-San Francisco route of John Butterfields Overland Mail Company passed through. Some farmers began to occupy the area, relying upon water from Frank E. Browns Bear Valley Land, beginning in 1883, the company collected and pumped water from Bear Valley, California in the San Bernardino Mountains to the north. The area first acquired its current name, Moreno Valley, at this time, in 1899, the city of Redlands won a lawsuit in which the city claimed eminent domain over the Bear Valley water. The resulting loss of service forced most of the inhabitants to move. The revival of the Moreno Valley area began in 1918, when the United States Air Force constructed March Field on the outskirts of Riverside as part of its World War I expansion, March Field was initially used to train fighter pilots. Although it was closed in 1922, it was reopened in 1927, the presence of March caused the unincorporated communities of Sunnymead, Moreno, and Edgemont to develop and grow. In World War II, March again became a ground for military pilots. On April 1,1996, March Air Force Base became March Joint Air Reserve Base under Air Force Reserve Command, from 1957 to 1989, the Riverside International Raceway occupied the current site of the Moreno Valley Mall. The Riverside International Raceway race track was in operation from September 22,1957, races held at the Riverside International Raceway included IMSA, NASCAR, Indycar, NHRA drag racing, Go Karts, and AMA motorcycle racing. The area experienced growth in the 1980s
Moreno Valley, California
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Man-made lake in the Sunnymead Ranch community of northern Moreno Valley
Moreno Valley, California
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A view of Moreno Valley looking west down Ironwood Avenue.
Box Springs Mountain is visible at right
Moreno Valley, California
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From 1957 to 1989 the Riverside international Raceway occupied the current site of the Moreno Valley Mall. The mall is located toward the northern end of the former raceway.
Moreno Valley, California
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Southern Moreno Valley, viewed looking south down Kitching Street.
28.
Palm Springs, California
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Palm Springs is a desert resort city in Riverside County, California, United States, within the Coachella Valley. It is located approximately 55 mi east of San Bernardino,107 mi east of Los Angeles,123 mi northeast of San Diego, the population was 44,552 as of the 2010 census. Palm Springs covers approximately 94 square miles, making it the largest city in the county by land area, biking, golf, hiking, horseback riding, swimming, and tennis in the nearby desert and mountain areas are major forms of recreation in Palm Springs. The city is famous for its mid-century modern architecture and design elements. Archaeological research has shown that the Cahuilla people have lived in the area for the past 350–500 years, the Cahuilla name for the area was Se-Khi. The alternating non-reservation sections were granted to the Southern Pacific Railroad as an incentive to bring rail lines through the open desert, presently the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians is composed of several smaller bands who live in the modern day Coachella Valley and San Gorgonio Pass areas. The Agua Caliente Reservation occupies 32,000 acres, of which 6,700 acres lie within the city limits, as of 1821 Mexico was independent of Spain and in March 1823 the Mexican Monarchy ended. With the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the region was ceded to the United States in 1848, one possible origin of palm in the place name comes from early Spanish explorers who referred to the area as La Palma de la Mano de Dios or The Palm of Gods hand. The earliest use of the name Palm Springs is from United States Topographical Engineers who used the term in 1853 maps, other early names were Palmetto Spring and Big Palm Springs. The first European resident in Palm Springs itself was Jack Summers, fourteen years later, the Southern Pacific railroad was laid 6 miles to the north, isolating the station. By 1885, when San Francisco attorney John Guthrie McCallum began buying property in Palm Springs, the area was named Palm Valley when McCallum incorporated the Palm Valley Land and Water Company with partners O. C. He also asked Dr. Welwood Murray to establish a hotel across the street from his residence, the crops and irrigation systems suffered flooding in 1893 from record rainfall, and then an 11-year drought caused further damage. The city became a resort in the 1900s when health tourists arrived with conditions that required dry heat. Because of the heat, however, the population dropped markedly in the summer months, Early illustrious visitors included John Muir and his daughters, U. S. Vice President Charles Fairbanks, and Fanny Stevenson, widow of Robert Louis Stevenson, still, Murrays hotel was closed in 1909, nellie N. Coffman and her physician husband Harry established The Desert Inn as a hotel and sanitarium in 1909. It was expanded as a hotel in 1927 and continued on until 1967. Coffman herself was a force in the citys tourism industry until her death in 1950. James Wonders of the Colorado Desert was followed in 1920 by J. Smeaton Chases Our Araby, Palm Springs and the Garden of the Sun, which also served to promote the area
Palm Springs, California
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Downtown Palm Springs
Palm Springs, California
Palm Springs, California
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A 1950s postcard publicizing one of the many hotels sprouting in Palm Springs during the early-to-mid-20th century
Palm Springs, California
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The
San Jacinto Mountains border Palm Springs to the west.
29.
Perris, California
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Perris is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, located 17.6 miles south of Riverside, California. At the 2010 census, the city population was 68,386, the Perris Valley was actively settled in the 1880s, a boom period for Southern California. Prior to 1880, the land was used for pastures, the coming of the California Southern Railroad led to the founding of the city around the new depot. The California Southern was built through the town site in 1882 to open a rail connection between the present day cities of Barstow and San Diego. Due to a title dispute at Pinacate, most of its citizens moved two miles north on the railroad and established Perris in 1885. The city is named in honor of Fred T. Perris, the city of Perris was incorporated in 1911. It originally was part of San Diego County, but in 1892 was transferred to the newly established Riverside County. Perris now incorporates Pinacate Station which is the home of the Orange Empire Railway Museum - the largest operating museum of its kind on the West Coast of the United States, on March 20,2007, Perris was featured on ABCs Nightline news show during its Realty Check segment. The story dealt with the trend of home foreclosures in Riverside County. The Farmer Boys restaurant chain, which has locations throughout the Inland Empire, was started in Perris in 1981. Perris is also known for the Rock Castle house set on a hill above town. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 31.5 square miles. Perris has a Mediterranean climate, with warm to hot summers, in the summer, highs average in the mid to high 90s, and during the winter, the lows can get as cold as 25, with averages in the mid to upper 30s. The climate in this area is described by the Köppen Climate Classification System as dry-summer subtropical often referred to as Mediterranean, the 2010 United States Census reported that Perris had a population of 68,386. The population density was 2,170.7 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Perris was 28,937 White,8,307 African American,589 Native American,2,461 Asian,286 Pacific Islander,24,345 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 49,079 persons. The Census reported that 68,146 people lived in households,140 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 1,314 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 120 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,442 households were made up of individuals and 383 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 4.16
Perris, California
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Former Perris railway station
30.
Rancho Mirage, California
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Rancho Mirage is a resort city in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 17,218 at the 2010 census, up from 13,249 at the 2000 census, located between Cathedral City and Palm Desert, it is one of the nine cities of the Coachella Valley. Rancho Mirage was incorporated in 1973 from a merger of Mirage Cove with five unincorporated areas known as the Cove communities, although the first modern settlements date back to the 1920s and 1930s, Rancho Mirage got its claim to fame after World War II. Several United States Presidents have vacationed at the Annenberg estate, including Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, Ford later bought a house in Rancho Mirage and was living there at the time of his death in 2006. The Betty Ford Center, a world-renowned addiction rehabilitation center, is located in Rancho Mirage at the Eisenhower Medical Center, President Barack Obama has also used Sunnylands for summit meetings with world leaders during his administration. Rancho Mirage has twelve golf courses, also known as clubs or golf resorts. The citys first resort was the Thunderbird Guest Ranch, opened in 1946 for entertainers, the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians of Palm Springs runs the Agua Caliente Casino on the intersection of Bob Hope Drive and Ramon Road off Interstate 10, opened in 2002. The casino is a destination for locals, tourists. In 2008 the tribal board completed the expansion of the Agua Caliente resort, a theater for top name entertainers opened in 2009. The First Family is heading west, according to the New York Post, the Obamas have reportedly purchased a house in Rancho Mirage, California. The climate of the Coachella Valley is influenced by the surrounding geography, high mountain ranges on three sides and a south-sloping valley floor all contribute to its unique and year-round warm climate, with the warmest winters in the western United States. Winters are warm with highs between 73–84 °F. Under 5 inches of precipitation are average, with over 348 days of sunshine per year. The 2010 United States Census reported that Rancho Mirage had a population of 17,218, the population density was 693.3 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Rancho Mirage was 15,267 White,256 African American,94 Native American,651 Asian,14 Pacific Islander,598 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,964 persons. The Census reported that 17,154 people lived in households,16 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 316 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 454 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 3,055 households were made up of individuals and 1,961 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 1.94. There were 4,825 families, the family size was 2.46
Rancho Mirage, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
31.
San Jacinto, California
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San Jacinto is a city in Riverside County, California. It was named after Saint Hyacinth and is located at the end of the San Jacinto Valley, with Hemet to its south and Beaumont, California. The mountains associated with the valley are the San Jacinto Mountains, the population was 44,199 at the 2010 census. The city was founded in 1870 and incorporated on April 20,1888, the city is home to Mt. San Jacinto College, a community college founded in 1965. San Jacinto will also be home to the end of the Mid County Parkway. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, the city became a home to many dairies, San Jacinto also is home to the Soboba Casino, a gaming casino owned and operated by the Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians. The Sobobas are sovereign and self-sufficient in community affairs and they have opened an Indian tribal school, the Noli Academy. The Luiseño were the inhabitants of what later would be called the San Jacinto Valley. In their own language, these people called themselves Payomkowishum, meaning People of the West, the Anza Trail, one of the first European overland routes to California, named after Juan Bautista de Anza,4 crossed the valley in the 1770s. Mission padres named the valley, San Jacinto, which is Spanish for Saint Hyacinth, in 1842 José Antonio Estudillo received the Rancho San Jacinto Viejo Mexican land grant. In the 1860s, the Estudillo family began selling off portions of their rancho and through acquisitions, in 1868, local residents petitioned to form a school district and by 1870 a store and post office had been established. With these establishments,1870 is considered the date of San Jacinto. A plan for the community was developed in 1883 and a city government for it was incorporated on April 20,1888, San Jacinto is one of the oldest American cities in the region. In 1883, the San Jacinto Land Association laid out the city of San Jacinto at Five Points. The railroad arrived in 1888 and the city government was incorporated that same year, the local economy was built on agriculture for many years and the city also received a boost from the many tourists who visited the nearby hot springs. The city, and its residents, helped to start the Ramona Pageant, in 1923 and this flight followed another similar historic flight over the pole when Valery Chkalovs crew of three ended up in Vancouvers Pearson Airfield earlier that same year. With these two flights, the USSR earned two major milestones in the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale flight records, the landing site is also marked by California State Historical Landmark Number 989. San Jacinto is located at 33°47′14″N 116°58′0″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 26.1 square miles, of which,25.7 square miles of it is land and 0.4 square miles of it is water
San Jacinto, California
–
Panorama along 6th Street to the east.
San Jacinto, California
–
Estudillo Mansion
32.
Anza, California
–
Anza is a census-designated place located in southern Riverside County, California, in the Anza Valley, a semi-arid region at a mean elevation of 3,921 feet above sea level. The population was 3,014 at the 2010 census, locally, Anza and several other mountain communities are collectively referred to as the Hill. The ZIP code is 92539, and the community is inside area code 951, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 27.7 square miles,99. 70% of it land and 0. 30% of it water. Regional geographic subdivisions of the town include Anza Valley and Cave Rocks, Tripp Flats, Chandler Heights and Cahuilla as well as Oak Spring, Burnt Spring. The Anza Trail—originally travelled on horseback by Juan Bautista de Anza in 1774 through what was referred to as the Cahuilla Valley—traverses the city from southeast to northwest. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Anza has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, explorer Juan Bautista de Anza first passed through the valley on March 16,1774, and again on December 27,1775. De Anza originally named the valley San Carlos, it was renamed in his honor from Cahuilla Valley to Anza Valley on 16 September 1926 and these climatic and cultural factors can be seen as having exercised a unique influence on the early European settlers of the Anza Valley. During the 19th century, settlement included ranchers, a number of miners. The mid-to-late 19th century witnessed moderate population and above average economic prosperity for this isolated community, from the late 1860s on, Anza was largely settled by families seeking to build ranches under the Homestead Act. Of the homesteads in the area, one, the Cary Ranch on Cary Road still exists and is owned and occupied by family members of the original settlers. The ranch is now occupied by the Hopkins family, the Hopkins are direct descendents of the Cary family. Although the Cary Ranch used to encompass hundreds of acres of land, most has been sold off, the post office opened in 1926. Already in the 1970s sales of property parcels and lots in Anza were promoted with particular emphasis on the proximity of this countryside to larger coastal cities of southern California. Due to its history and relative isolation for hundreds of years, the cultural identity of many long-time Anzans exhibits the marked influence of Cahuillan aboriginal culture on the White population, expressed in terms of art and folklore. During the 1990s the city enjoyed a widespread reputation as a growing artists colony featuring newcomers from as far away as Europe. Common free-time activities include trail wandering, local activities and festivals as well as motorbiking, rockhounding. The Mountain Cahuilla operate a casino from their reservation on the edge of the city. Every summer Anza has a parade to celebrate the Fourth of July and this is called Anza Days and it is a festival the whole town celebrates, and people travel miles each year to see it
Anza, California
–
Anza, California, View of the Cahuilla mountains from Cahuilla road
Anza, California
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Spring blooms, Anza, California
33.
East Hemet, California
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East Hemet is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, United States, located east of Hemet. East Hemet is in an area outside the city limits of Hemet. The population was 17,418 at the 2010 census, up from 14,823 at the 2000 census, East Hemet is located at 33°44′10″N 116°56′25″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 5.2 square miles. The 2010 United States Census reported that East Hemet had a population of 17,418, the population density was 3,341.2 people per square mile. The racial makeup of East Hemet was White, African American, Native American, Asian, Pacific Islander, from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race was. The Census reported that 17,352 people lived in households,56 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 429 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 48 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 797 households were made up of individuals and 349 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.26. There were 4,252 families, the family size was 3.55. The median age was 32.2 years, for every 100 females there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males. There were 5,869 housing units at a density of 1,125.8 per square mile, of which 3,510 were owner-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3. 5%, the vacancy rate was 10. 1%. 10,808 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 6,544 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 14,823 people,4,831 households, the population density was 4,597.8 people per square mile. There were 5,064 housing units at a density of 1,570.7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 70. 0% White,12. 5% Black or African American,1. 4% Native American,1. 0% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,11. 9% from other races, and 4. 0% from two or more races. 23. 9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,17. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
East Hemet, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
34.
Highgrove, California
–
Highgrove is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 3,988 at the 2010 census, up from 3,445 at the 2000 census, the City of Riverside has plans to annex Highgrove. Highgrove is located at 34°00′55″N 117°19′51″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.2 square miles, all of it land. Highgrove is located in an area of Riverside County between the City of riverside and the city of Grand Terrace. Highgrove is located east of Interstate 215 and north of the University of California Riverside campus, the 2010 United States Census reported that Highgrove had a population of 3,988. The population density was 1,239.0 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Highgrove was 2,104 White,162 African American,41 Native American,113 Asian,13 Pacific Islander,1,388 from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,604 persons. The Census reported that 3,982 people lived in households,6 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 101 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 181 households were made up of individuals and 50 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.51. There were 900 families, the family size was 3.90. The median age was 30.2 years, for every 100 females there were 102.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.9 males, there were 1,227 housing units at an average density of 381.2 per square mile, of which 633 were owner-occupied, and 503 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2. 8%, the vacancy rate was 7. 5%. 2,217 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,765 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,445 people,1,026 households, the population density was 3,133.5 people per square mile. There were 1,090 housing units at a density of 991.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 54. 0% White,4. 3% Black or African American,1. 1% Native American,2. 4% Asian,0. 5% Pacific Islander,33. 6% from other races, and 4. 1% from two or more races. 56. 7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,16. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 4. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
Highgrove, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
35.
Home Gardens, California
–
Riverside Valley Home Gardens is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, United States and It is within the City of Coronas sphere of influence. The population was 11,570 at the 2010 census, up from 9,461 at the 2000 census, Home Gardens is located at 33°52′46″N 117°30′43″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 1.6 square miles. The 2010 United States Census reported that Home Gardens had a population of 11,570, the population density was 7,435.7 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Home Gardens was 5,275 White,364 African American,126 Native American,667 Asian,51 Pacific Islander,4,500 from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8,524 persons. The Census reported that 11,562 people lived in households,8 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 172 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 17 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 306 households were made up of individuals and 123 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 4.19. There were 2,336 families, the family size was 4.35. The median age was 29.3 years, for every 100 females there were 107.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.4 males, there were 2,865 housing units at an average density of 1,841.3 per square mile, of which 1,952 were owner-occupied, and 808 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2. 3%, the vacancy rate was 2. 5%. 7,749 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,813 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 9,461 people,2,302 households, the population density was 8,793.4 people per square mile. There were 2,365 housing units at a density of 2,198. 1/sq mi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 47. 9% White,3. 4% Black or African American,1. 3% Native American,4. 6% Asian,0. 2% Pacific Islander,38. 1% from other races, and 4. 5% from two or more races. 66. 5% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,10. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 4. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 4.11 and the family size was 4.30. In the CDP, the population was out with 35. 1% under the age of 18,11. 4% from 18 to 24,30. 7% from 25 to 44,16. 0% from 45 to 64
Home Gardens, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
36.
Lakeland Village, California
–
Lakeland Village is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 11,541 at the 2010 census, more than double the 5,626 reported at the 2000 census. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 8.7 square miles. It is next to the city of Lake Elsinore The 2010 United States Census reported that Lakeland Village had a population of 11,541, the population density was 1,320.7 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Lakeland Village was 7,764 White,285 African American,131 Native American,168 Asian,21 Pacific Islander,2,575 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 5,114 persons. The Census reported that 11,403 people lived in households,4 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 343 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 24 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 623 households were made up of individuals and 180 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.22. There were 2,634 families, the family size was 3.62. The median age was 33.0 years, for every 100 females there were 103.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.3 males, there were 3,967 housing units at an average density of 454.0 per square mile, of which 2,284 were owner-occupied, and 1,254 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3. 8%, the vacancy rate was 9. 3%. 7,152 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 4,251 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 5,626 people,1,966 households, the population density was 2,439.8 people per square mile. There were 2,185 housing units at a density of 947.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 79. 0% White,1. 8% African American,1. 6% Native American,1. 0% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,12. 7% from other races, and 3. 8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 31. 0% of the population,23. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.9 and the family size was 3.4. In the CDP, the population was out with 30. 9% under the age of 18,8. 6% from 18 to 24,31. 4% from 25 to 44,20. 0% from 45 to 64
Lakeland Village, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
37.
Lakeview, California
–
Lakeview is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, United States. The population was 2,104 at the 2010 census, up from 1,619 at the 2000 census, the community is named for nearby Mystic Lake. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 3.3 square miles. The 2010 United States Census reported that Lakeview had a population of 2,104, the population density was 645.4 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Lakeview was 1,117 White,15 African American,48 Native American,7 Asian,2 Pacific Islander,842 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,350 persons. The Census reported that 2,089 people lived in households,15 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 31 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 4 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 67 households were made up of individuals and 31 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.88. There were 450 families, the family size was 4.12. The median age was 30.9 years, for every 100 females there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.3 males, there were 599 housing units at an average density of 183.8 per square mile, of which 390 were owner-occupied, and 148 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1. 0%, the vacancy rate was 4. 5%. 1,475 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 614 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,619 people,476 households, the population density was 499.8 people per square mile. There were 528 housing units at a density of 163.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 67. 5% White,0. 9% African American,2. 7% Native American,0. 4% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,23. 4% from other races, and 5. 1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 43. 7% of the population,12. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 4. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.4 and the family size was 3.7. In the CDP, the population was out with 32. 7% under the age of 18,8. 2% from 18 to 24,27. 7% from 25 to 44,21. 7% from 45 to 64
Lakeview, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
38.
March Joint Air Reserve Base
–
March Air Reserve Base, previously known as March Air Force Base is located in Riverside County, California between the cities of Riverside and Moreno Valley. It is the home to the Air Force Reserve Commands 4th Air Force Headquarters and the host 452d Air Mobility Wing, for almost 50 years, March AFB was a Strategic Air Command base during the Cold War. The host unit at March is the Air Force Reserves 452d Air Mobility Wing, March JARB is also the home to Headquarters, 4th Air Force of the Air Force Reserve Command and multiple units of the California Air National Guard. Prior to 2013, the 144 FW stationed F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft, initially consisting of F-16C/D Block 25, then F-16C/D Block 32, on alert at March. Following the wings transition to the F-15 Eagle, the 144 FW now stations an air defense alert detachment F-15C/D Eagle aircraft at this location in support of USNORTHCOM. Dragon Flight is a formation flight demonstration team, based at March. The team uses the T-34 Mentor, making appearances throughout the southwest United States each year. The March Field Airfest, also known as Thunder Over the Empire, is an air show held at March. The air show is among the largest events in the Inland Empire, the show has featured such performers as the United States Air Force Thunderbirds, the F-22 Raptor and many other military and civilian demonstrations. 2010 saw the Patriots Jet Team as the demonstration team of the show. Attendance for the 2010 show was estimated at over 150,000, March is one of the oldest airfields operated by the United States military, being established as Alessandro Flying Training Field in February 1918. It was one of thirty-two Air Service training camps established after the United States entry into World War I in April 1917, the airfield was renamed March Field the following month for 2d Lieutenant Peyton C. March, Jr. the recently deceased son of then-Army Chief of Staff Peyton C, March, who was killed in an air crash in Texas just fifteen days after being commissioned. The establishment of March Air Force Base began in the early 20th century at a time when the United States was rushing to build up its forces in anticipation of an entry into World War I. At the same time, the War Department announced its intentions to build new military installations. The Army quickly set about establishing the new air field, sergeant Charles E. Garlick, who had landed at Alessandro Field in a Curtiss JN-4 Jenny in November 1917, was selected to lead the advance contingent of four men to the new base from Rockwell Field. On 20 March 1918, Alessandro Flying Training Field became March Field, March, Jr. son of the Army Chief of Staff, who had been killed when his Curtiss JN-4 Jenny crashed in Fort Worth, Texas the previous month. His crash occurred two weeks after he had commissioned in the regular United States Army Air Service
March Joint Air Reserve Base
–
March Air Reserve Base
March Joint Air Reserve Base
–
The
control tower at March
March Joint Air Reserve Base
–
A
Curtiss JN-4 "Jenny" on a training flight during World War I. This is the type of aircraft used at March Field during this era for basic pilot training of military pilots.
March Joint Air Reserve Base
–
Boeing P-26A Peashooters of the
17th Pursuit Group, 18 February 1935. 33–102 sits in the foreground. These aircraft were later sent to the 1st Pursuit Squadron/Group of
Philippine Air Force in 1937.
39.
Mecca, California
–
Mecca is an unincorporated community located in Riverside County, California, United States. The desert community lies on the North shore of the Eastern Coachella Valleys Salton Sea and is surrounded by agricultural land, situated within the Colorado Desert, Meccas climate is that of an arid desert, which experiences an average 90 degree temperature. Low temperatures can reach into the 20s, the community sits at less than 150 feet below sea level on the edge of the Salton Sea, formerly the Salton Sink. Groundwater and water transported via the Coachella Canal have transformed the environment into large swaths of agricultural land. The 2010 United States Census reported that Mecca had a population of 8,577, the population density was 1,232.5 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Mecca was 2,686 White,40 African American,47 Native American,17 Asian,7 Pacific Islander, hispanic or Latino of any race were 8,462 persons. There were 142 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 10 same-sex married couples or partnerships, the average household consisted of 4.63 persons per household. The median age was 23.7 years, for every 100 females there were 111.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.8 males, there were 2,020 housing units at an average density of 290.3 per square mile, of which 815 were owner-occupied, and 1,039 were occupied by renters. 3,978 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 4,599 people lived in housing units. 49% of all Mecca residents are employed in Agricultural work, Mecca has an elementary school, but no public high school. 1. 4% of residents hold a degree, with 17. 7% continuing education after high school. The focal point of the community is the Mecca Family and Farm Workers Service Center, in 1999, California Rural Legal Assistance, Inc. filed 30 complaints of discrimination against Riverside County. The County agreed to construct the Farmworker Service Center as part of a settlement agreement entered into to avoid further litigation. Also in 2011, the Boys & Girls Club of Coachella Valley opened its biggest unit in California, located next door to the Mecca Community Service Center, the Club presently serves c.350 children from Mecca and surrounding areas. In the California State Legislature, Mecca is in the 28th Senate District, represented by Republican Jeff Stone, in the United States House of Representatives, Mecca is in Californias 36th congressional district, represented by Democrat Raul Ruiz. Mecca was a location in Roger Cormans 1966 film The Wild Angels, starring Peter Fonda, Nancy Sinatra. This film inspired the outlaw biker film genre, and marks Peter Fondas first appearance as a biker - three years prior to Easy Rider
Mecca, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
40.
Nuevo, California
–
Nuevo is a rural community located east of Lake Perris and the city of Perris in Riverside County, California. The population of the place was 6,447 at the 2010 census. Nuevo is located at 33°48′25″N 117°7′43″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.8 square miles, all of it land. The geography of the consists of a wide variety of geographical features, including rocky and rolling hills. The usually dry San Jacinto River runs along the portion of the area. The 2010 United States Census reported that Nuevo had a population of 6,447, the population density was 952.1 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Nuevo was 4,011 White,113 African American,91 Native American,82 Asian,16 Pacific Islander,1,810 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 3,514 persons. The Census reported that 6,445 people lived in households,2 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 101 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 12 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 219 households were made up of individuals and 80 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.59. There were 1,504 families, the family size was 3.87. The median age was 32.9 years, for every 100 females there were 100.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males, there were 1,963 housing units at an average density of 289.9 per square mile, of which 1,400 were owner-occupied, and 395 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2. 6%, the vacancy rate was 4. 1%. 4,823 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,622 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 4,135 people,1,302 households, the population density was 764.5 people per square mile. There were 1,379 housing units at a density of 254.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 75. 6% White,2. 1% African American,1. 0% Native American,1. 3% Asian, <0. 1% Pacific Islander,16. 9% from other races, and 3. 2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 29. 4% of the population,13. 1% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
Nuevo, California
–
Nuevo, California, Distant view of snow-capped San Gabriel Mountains from Nuevo road
41.
Ripley, California
–
Ripley is a census-designated place community in east Riverside County. It is located along State Route 78 between Palo Verde and Blythe, the area is mostly agricultural lands irrigated by Colorado River water. The population was 692 at the 2010 census, Ripley was established in 1920 when the California Southern Railroad was extended from Blythe. The townsite was named to dedicate former Santa Fe Railway president Edward Payson Ripley, the town aimed to be a resort location until it was damaged by a flood that swept part of the valley in 1922. Today, a tower remains as a landmark in town. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 1.7 square miles, alongside Blythe and Palo Verde, Ripley is located in the Palo Verde Valley. Official U. S. Geological Survey NAD27 coordinates for the community are 33°31′31″N 114°39′19″W and it is within area code 760 and has its own ZIP Code,92272. This area has an amount of sunshine year round due to its stable descending air. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Ripley has a desert climate. The area is largely irrigated agriculture, Farms in the area include operations owned by David Brown and Sons, Lawrence Chaffin Farms, and Red River Farms. The Metropolitan Water District has made an agreement with the United States Bureau of Reclamation to fallow land in the area in order to conserve water, farmers will be paid not to grow crops so that the water can be used for other purposes. The area is served by Palo Verde Irrigation District and formerly the Arizona, the railroads Blythe Division track ends just west of Ripley. The 2010 United States Census reported that Ripley had a population of 692, the population density was 406.9 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Ripley was 393 White,103 African American,2 Native American,1 Asian,4 Pacific Islander,165 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 537 persons. The Census reported that 692 people lived in households,0 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 22 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 1 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 33 households were made up of individuals and 9 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.17. There were 176 families, the family size was 3.49. The median age was 24.8 years, for every 100 females there were 98.3 males
Ripley, California
–
End of the day, near Ripley, in 1972
42.
Thermal, California
–
Thermal is an unincorporated community within the Coachella Valley in Riverside County, California located approximately 25 miles southeast of Palm Springs and about 9.5 miles north of the Salton Sea. The communitys elevation is 138 feet below sea level. It is inside area code 760 and is in ZIP Code 92274, the population was 2,865 at the 2010 census. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Thermal a census-designated place, Thermal began as a railroad camp in 1910 for employees of the Southern Pacific Railroad, followed by Mecca in 1915 and Arabia in between, each with about 1,000 residents. Permanent dwellings were soon established on Avenue 56, former U. S. Route 99, agricultural development from canal irrigation made the area thrive in greenery by the 1950s, followed by the former Camp Young U. S. Naval Air station converted into Thermal Airport by 1965. In the early 1990s, a highway was constructed over an earlier transportation route. There is a proposal for a commercial aviation Airport known as the Jackie Cochran-Desert Cities Regional Airport in the same site. The Kohls still own significant property in this area, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 9.5 square miles, all of it land. High mountain ranges on three sides contribute to its unique and year-round warm climate, with some of the warmest winters west of the Rocky Mountains and its average annual high temperature is 89.5 °F and its average annual low is 62.1 °F. Summer highs above 108 °F are common and sometimes exceed 120 °F, winters are warm with daytime highs often between 68–86 °F. The average annual precipitation is under 4 inches, with over 348 days of sunshine per year, the hottest temperature ever recorded in the area was 125 °F on July 6,1905. The mean annual temperature is 75.8 °F, the 2010 United States Census reported that Thermal had a population of 2,865. The population density was 303.1 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Thermal was 1,034 White,28 African American,30 Native American,32 Asian,1 Pacific Islander,1,685 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,730 persons. The Census reported that 2,863 people lived in households,2 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 61 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 55 households were made up of individuals and 19 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 4.19. There were 610 families, the family size was 4.36. The median age was 25.9 years, for every 100 females there were 111.6 males
Thermal, California
–
Avenue 56 in Thermal, California
43.
Valle Vista, California
–
Valle Vista is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, United States and is located in the San Jacinto Valley. Some areas of Valle Vista are considered to be part of both unincorporated San Jacinto and Hemet but has yet to be incorporated, the population was 11,036 at the 2010 census, up from 8,356 at the 2000 census. Valle Vista is located at 33°45′10″N 116°53′53″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 7.1 square miles, of which,6.9 square miles of it is land and 0.2 square miles of it is water. Valle Vista, generally has year-round pleasant weather, with hot summers and mild, on average, the warmest month is August. The highest recorded temperature was 115 °F in 2004, on average, the coolest month is December. The lowest recorded temperature was 9 °F in 1974, the maximum average precipitation occurs in February. The 2010 United States Census reported that Valle Vista had a population of 11,036, the population density was 2,060.0 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Valle Vista was White, African American, Native American, Asian, Pacific Islander, from other races, the Census reported that 11,036 people lived in households,5 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 were institutionalized. There were 335 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 31 same-sex married couples or partnerships,1,410 households were made up of individuals and 794 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67, there were 3,758 families, the average family size was 3.20. The median age was 41.4 years, for every 100 females there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males, there were 6,112 housing units at an average density of 863.7 per square mile, of which 4,129 were owner-occupied, and 1,335 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4. 4%, the vacancy rate was 9. 8%. 10,384 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 4,189 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 8,356 people,4,510 households, the population density was 3,269.7 people per square mile. There were 5,009 housing units at a density of 1,530.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 78. 6% White,12. 2% African American,3. 3% Native American,1. 3% Asian,0. 2% Pacific Islander,1. 9% from other races, and 2. 6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13. 7% of the population,30. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 21. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
Valle Vista, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
44.
Winchester, California
–
Winchester is a census-designated place in Riverside County, California, USA. As of the 2010 census, the CDP had a population of 2,534. Winchester was founded in 1886 in Pleasant Valley in what was then San Diego County, the town was named after the widow of Horace Winchester, Mrs. Amy Winchester. However, construction and growth slowed when the bubble burst in 2007. Winchester is located at 33°42′28″N 117°5′13″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 7.7 square miles, all of it land. It is next to the city of Hemet, California The 2010 United States Census reported that Winchester had a population of 2,534, the population density was 327.7 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Winchester was 1,577 White,38 African American,17 Native American,46 Asian,2 Pacific Islander,728 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,233 persons. The Census reported that 2,534 people lived in households,0 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 54 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 6 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 149 households were made up of individuals and 71 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.30. There were 572 families, the family size was 3.78. The median age was 34.6 years, for every 100 females there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.4 males, there were 850 housing units at an average density of 109.9 per square mile, of which 491 were owner-occupied, and 278 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4. 3%, the vacancy rate was 5. 4%. 1,514 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,020 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 2,155 people,741 households, the population density was 304.1 people per square mile. There were 819 housing units at a density of 115.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 78. 1% White,2. 0% African American,1. 5% Native American,0. 4% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,14. 3% from other races, and 3. 5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 31. 4% of the population,22. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
Winchester, California
–
Winchester, December 2007
Winchester, California
–
The Winchester Store
45.
Unincorporated area
–
Occasionally, municipalities dissolve or disincorporate, which may happen if they become fiscally insolvent, and services become the responsibility of a higher administration. In some countries, such as in Brazil, Japan, France or the United Kingdom, unlike many other countries, Australia has only one level of local government immediately beneath state and territorial governments. A local government area often contains several towns and even entire cities, thus, aside from very sparsely populated areas and a few other special cases, almost all of Australia is part of an LGA. Unincorporated areas are often in locations, cover vast areas or have very small populations. Postal addresses in unincorporated areas, as in parts of Australia. Thus, there is any ambiguity regarding addresses in unincorporated areas. The Australian Capital Territory has no municipalities and is in some sense an unincorporated area, the territorial government is directly responsible for matters normally carried out by local government. The far west and north of New South Wales constitutes the Unincorporated Far West Region, a civil servant in the state capital manages such matters as are necessary. The second unincorporated area of state is Lord Howe Island. In the Northern Territory,1. 45% of the area and 4. In South Australia, 60% of the area is unincorporated and communities located within can receive services provided by a state agency. Firstly, the remote area that is unincorporated is the Abrolhos Islands. Secondly, the unincorporated areas are A-class reserves either in, or close to. In Canada, depending on the province, a settlement is one that does not have a municipal council that governs solely over the settlement. It is usually, but not always, part of a municipal government. This can range from hamlets to large urbanized areas that are similar in size to towns. In British Columbia, unincorporated settlements lie outside municipal boundaries entirely, Unincorporated settlements with a population of between 100 and 1,000 residents may have the status of designated place in Canadian census data. In some provinces, large tracts of undeveloped wilderness or rural country are unorganized areas that fall directly under the provincial jurisdiction
Unincorporated area
–
Sign at
Contra Costa Centre Transit Village, an unincorporated community in
Contra Costa County, California, United States, north of the city of
Walnut Creek.
Unincorporated area
–
Sign prohibiting entry to the
Military Area Boletice
Unincorporated area
–
Nutbush, an unincorporated area in
Haywood County,
Tennessee
Unincorporated area
–
Rosslyn, one of many highrise neighborhoods in
Arlington County, Virginia. The county has no cities within its borders, and five times the
population density of the state's most populous city,
Virginia Beach.
46.
Chiriaco Summit, California
–
Chiriaco Summit is a small unincorporated community and travel stop located along Interstate 10 in the Colorado Desert of Southern California. It lies 19 miles west of Desert Center on the divide between the Chuckwalla Valley and the Salton Sea basin at an elevation of 1,706 feet, the ZIP Code is 92201, and the community is inside area codes 442 and 760. The town has a general aviation airport, Chiriaco Summit Airport, a California Department of Transportation rest stop on Interstate 10, west of Chiriaco Summit, is called Cactus City, an ironic name referring to a non-existent city. Originally known as Shaver Summit, Chiriaco Summit is the point of Box Canyon Road. The land was purchased by Joe Chiriaco, an entrepreneur from Alabama, after traveling west to attend a college football game in the Rose Bowl in 1925, he decided to stay and found employment with the Los Angeles Bureau of Water and Power. He heard of plans to pave Box Canyon Road, so he purchased Shaver Summit and broke ground on a service station and general store. The hearsay proved true, and on August 15,1933, even more bustle came to the area when construction began on the Colorado River Aqueduct in the mid-1930s. This project of epic scale, which brought water to Riverside from Lake Havasu, Joe worked on the project as a surveyor. Around this time, he met his wife, Ruth, a nurse from the Coachella Valley, in 1942, Joe had an unlikely visitor – General George S. Patton. The area would be known as the California/Arizona Maneuver Area, Patton chose a site a mile east of Shaver Summit to establish the headquarters of his operation, Camp Young. During the time the base was active, Joe was visited by soldiers who were drawn “like bees to blossoms” to his well-stocked general store. Operations were conducted until 1944, when the Allies declared victory in the Sahara, in 1945, after Patton died in a freak automobile accident in Germany, the Chiriacos established a memorial to him at the Summit. In 1958, a post office was established, and the town was renamed Chiriaco Summit, a new post office supply depot opened in the 2000s and the zip codes 92201 and 9-2-0-1 designations went to represent Chiriaco Summit. The centerpiece of the museum is “The Big Map, ” a 5-ton jigsaw relief map created by LADWP depicting the area traversed by the Colorado River Aqueduct. The map, later used by Pattons staff, also illustrates the locations of the 11 training camps that comprised Patton’s mammoth operation, also located at the museum is a statue of Patton, which can be seen from Interstate 10. The Chiriacos both died in 1996, a Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars was dedicated to them in 2015. The businesses at Chiriaco Summit, which include a gas station, store, motel and airport, are now tended to by their son, Robert, Chiriaco Summit Airport has a 4, 600-foot runway. In 1999, electricity from the electrical grid finally reached Chiriaco Summit, freeing the town from its dependence on Diesel generators
Chiriaco Summit, California
–
The Chiriaco Summit Coffee Shop, October 6, 2012
47.
East Blythe, California
–
East Blythe is a former census-designated place and unincorporated community in Riverside County, California, United States. The 2000 census population was three, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.5 square miles, all of it land. As of the census of 2000, there were three people, two households, and one residing in the CDP. The population density was 5.8 people per square mile, there were two housing units at an average density of 3.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 100. 00% White, the two households consisted of a married couple living together and a woman living alone who was sixty-five years of age or older. The average household size was 1.5 and the family size was two. In the state legislature East Blythe is located in the 40th Senate District, represented by Democrat Denise Moreno Ducheny, in the United States House of Representatives, East Blythe is in Californias 36th congressional district, represented by Democrat Raul Ruiz
East Blythe, California
–
Location in
Riverside County and the state of
California
48.
Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
–
The Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians of the Agua Caliente Indian Reservation is a federally recognized tribe of the Cahuilla, located in Riverside County, California. The Agua Caliente Indian Reservation was founded on May 15,1876 through Executive Order and signed by President Ulysses S. Grant, on 1877 and 1907 the Reservation was extended to over 32,000 acres of land. Since 6,700 acres of the reservation are within Palm Springs city limits, the tribe owns Indian Canyons, located southwest of Palm Springs. The canyons are listed on the National Register of Historic Places and they also own land in the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument. The tribes headquarters is located in Palm Springs, California and they ratified their constitution and bylaws in 1957, gaining federal recognition. For many years the band was headed by Chairman Richard M. Milanovich until his death on March 11,2012, Pass Cahuilla is a dialect of Cahuilla found within the Cupan branch of Takic languages, part of the Uto-Aztecan language family. The last native speaker of Pass Cahuilla died in 2008, Tribal Family Services was established in 2003 to support social and educational programs for tribal members. Other services include cultural preservation, child development, and scholarships, the Jane Augustine Patencio Cemetery provides burial services. The Agua Caliente Cultural Museum in Palm Springs was founded by the tribe in 1991 and it houses permanent collections and archives, a research library, and changing exhibits, as well as hosting an annual film festival. The tribe owns two casinos, the Spa Resort Casino is located in downtown Palm Springs at the original hot springs. The resort at Rancho Mirage also includes a hotel, fitness center and spa, the Canyons Lounge, the Spa Resort Casino, opened in 2003, features gaming, the Cascade Lounge, and four restaurants. Tahquitz Canyon southwest of downtown Palm Springs is accessible for hiking, the Indian Canyons also accessible for hiking, horseback riding, and tours, are south of Palm Springs. The tribe also maintains two courses in Indian Canyon which are open to the public. Bean, Lowell John, Schafer, Jerry, Vane, Sylvia Brakke, archaeological, Ethnographic, and Enthnohistoric Investigations at Tahquitz Canyon, Palm Springs, California. Menlo Park, California, Cultural Systems Research, California Indian Country, The Land and the People. San Francisco, Tree Company Press,1992, a Native American Encyclopedia, History, Culture, and Peoples. Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians, the Story of the Palm Spring Reservation. Palm Springs, CA, Agua Caliente Band of Indians, Agua Caliente Band of Mission Indians
Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians
–
Aqua Caliente Reservation in 1928
49.
Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians
–
The Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians is a federally recognized Cahuilla band of Native Americans based in Coachella, California. They are one of the smallest tribal nation in the United States, consisting of eight members. As of the 2010 census, the tribe had expanded its members to eleven, according to interviews with Augustine Elders in the winter of 1924–1925, the tribe is of the Nanxaiyem clan of Pass Cahuilla. There, according to Nombre, they known as Augustin. The Nanxaiyem Clan of Augustine Reservation is Coyote moiety, on April 13,1956 the Commissioner of Indian Affairs approved a census roll of the tribe, documenting 11 living members. Roberta Augustine, the last original enrollee, died in 1986, the reservation of the Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians is a one-square-mile tract of land, located in Riverside County, California at 33°39′01″N 116°11′27″W. Thermal, California and the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians are both nearby, the land was left vacant for half a century, until Chairman Green moved there in 1996. Mary Ann Green, née Martin, born in 1964, decided to rebuild the tribe, on December 29,1981, the August Band of Mission Indians was established by an Executive Order. Green was elected chairperson in 1988 and held the position until 2016, under Green, the tribal government, which currently employs eight people, was established in 1994 and their reservation was resettled in 1996. Traditional Cahuilla singer, Tony Andreas, grew up on the Augustine Reservation in the 1930s and 1940s, the tribe has developed plans for both cultural revival and economic sustainability. Improvements to reservation lands include adopting a code and removing illegally dumped garbage. During the 50 years the land was vacant, trash, commercial wastes, carcasses, the tribe owns the Augustine Casino in Coachella. The Augustine Band built the first photovoltaic renewable energy system on Indian land in California, the system is expected to produce 1,900 megawatts of solar energy annually. Morongo Indian Reservation, Malki Museum Press, LCC E99. K27 J3 Home page Augustine Band U. S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System, Augustine Reservation 33°38′57″N 116°11′25″W
Augustine Band of Cahuilla Indians
–
Tribal offices are located near the Augustine Casino in
Coachella, California
50.
Colorado River Indian Tribes
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The tribe has about 4,277 enrolled members. The reservation was established on March 3,1865 for Indians of said river, initially, these were the Mohave and Chemehuevi, but Hopi and Navajo people were relocated to the reservation in 1945. The tribal seal was created by John Scott in 1966, the tribal flag was designed by Margie McCabe and formally adopted in 1979. The Colorado River Indian Reservation is a Native American reservation in the southwest United States and its territory is primarily in western La Paz County, Arizona, with smaller portions in southeastern San Bernardino, and northeastern Riverside counties, California. It has a land area of 1,119.4445 km2. It borders the Palo Verde Valley in the southwest boundaries, tribal headquarters are in Parker, Arizona. Tribal members mainly lived communities in and around Parker, the largest community, the 2000 census reported a population of 9,201 persons residing on the reservation. The tribe and its territory is governed by an elected council of nine members and overseen by a tribal Chairman, Secretary. These officers are elected from among the council members, the four tribes continue to maintain and observe their traditional ways and religious and culturally unique identities. Laffoon Council Member, Johnson “J. D. ” Fisher Council Member, the economy for the tribe is based on light industry, government, recreation, and agricultural, specifically growing commodity crops of alfalfa, cotton, lettuce, and sorghum. The Colorado River Indian Tribes has senior water rights to 717,000 acre feet of the Colorado River, the tribe opened BlueWater Resort and Casino, located about two miles from downtown Parker, as a tourist destination on the Colorado River. The casino is 30,000 square feet and has more than 500 slot machines, the resort features a 200-room hotel, a 10,000 square feet bingo hall, an indoor water park, movie theater, video arcade, marina, and concert facilities. The Colorado River Indian Tribe Museum and Gift Shop is in Parker, Arizona, and has displays of historical and contemporary artworks, especially ceramics, made by tribal members
Colorado River Indian Tribes
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Map of Colorado River Indian Tribe reservation land in La Paz County, Arizona.
51.
Morongo Band of Mission Indians
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The Morongo Band of Mission Indians is a federally recognized tribe. The main tribal groups are Cahuilla and Serrano, tribal members also include Cupeño, Luiseño, and Chemehuevi Indians. Although many tribes in California are known as Mission Indians, some, the Morongo Reservation is located in Riverside County, California. The Morongo Reservation is located at the base of the San Gorgonio and it is over 35,000 acres in size. On May 15,1876, President Ulysses S. Grant established this, approximately 954 of the 996 enrolled tribal members live on the reservation. The name Morongo comes from the Serrano clan Maarrenga, the first official Captain of Potrero Ajenio recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs was the hereditary leader of the Maarrenga, known to Americans by his English name, John Morongo. As time went on the Bureau referred to the tribe as the Morongo Band of Mission Indians, the Morongo Band of Mission Indians is headquartered in Banning, California. They are governed by an elected tribal council. Their current administration is as follows, Cahuilla and Serrano are Takic languages, the main aboriginal group of the San Gorgonio Pass are Pass Cahuilla, who call the area Maalki. The Serrano, who had intermarried with the Pass Cahuilla. Cahuilla and Serrano are technically considered to be extinct as they are no longer spoken at home, joe Saubel, a Morongo tribal member and the last pure speaker of Pass Cahuilla, died in 2008. The last pure speaker of Serrano was also enrolled at Morongo, Ms. Dorothy Ramon, recent generations have found a renewed interest in their native languages however, and many families are now reclaiming Pass Cahuilla and Serrano for their children. In 2012, the Limu Project announced that it had successfully reconstructed Pass Cahuilla, the project also offers online courses in Maarrenga and Yuhaviat. The tribe opened a bingo hall in 1983, which became the foundation of what is now one of the oldest Native gaming enterprises in California. On February 25,1987, the court upheld the right of sovereign Indian tribes to operate gaming enterprises on their reservations, the Morongo Casino, Resort & Spa was opened in 2004 in Cabazon, California. It is open seven days a week,24 hours a day, the club,360, is open on weekends. A bottling plant on the reservation is operated by Nestle Waters North America Inc. which leases the property from the tribe, the plant bottles Arrowhead spring water as well as purified water sold under the brand Nestle Pure Life. The Malki Museum on the Morongo Reservation is open to the public and it maintains the Malki Museum Press, which publishes the Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology and scholarly books on Indian culture
Morongo Band of Mission Indians
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Christian Church on the Morongo Reservation
Morongo Band of Mission Indians
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Morongo Casino, Riverside County, California
52.
Ramona Band of Cahuilla
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The Ramona Band of Cahuilla is a federally recognized tribe of Cahuilla Indians, located in Riverside County, California. The Ramona Indian Reservation was founded in 1893 and it is about 560 acres large, located in Anza, California at the foot of Thomas Mountain. The land was originally Sauppalpisa territory and was a gathering place for Cahuilla ceremonies. The tribes headquarters is located in Anza, California and their current tribal chairman is Joseph D. Hamilton. Mission Indians Eargle, Jr. Dolan H, California Indian Country, The Land and the People. San Francisco, Tree Company Press,1992, a Native American Encyclopedia, History, Culture, and Peoples. Morongo Indian Reservation, Malki Museum Press
Ramona Band of Cahuilla
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View of the Cahuilla Mountains in
Anza, California
Ramona Band of Cahuilla
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Ramona Lubo, of whom the novel
Ramona may have been named.
53.
Inland Empire
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The Inland Empire is a metropolitan area and region in Southern California. The term may be used to refer to the cities of western Riverside County, most of the areas population is located in southwestern San Bernardino County and northwestern Riverside County. At the end of the century, the Inland Empire was a major center of agriculture, including citrus, dairy. The term Inland Empire is documented to have used by the Riverside Enterprise newspaper as early as April 1914. Developers in the area likely introduced the term to promote the region, the Inland part of the name is derived from the regions location, about 60 miles inland from Los Angeles and the Pacific Ocean. Originally, this area was called the Orange Empire due to the acres of citrus groves that once extended from Pasadena to Redlands during the first half of the twentieth century. The Inland Empire is a region, but is defined as the cities of western Riverside County. A generally broader definition will include the community of Palm Springs and its surrounding area. What is now known as the Inland Empire was inhabited for thousands of years, prior to the eighteenth century, by the Tongva, Serrano. With Spanish colonization and the subsequent Mexican era the area was populated at the land grant Ranchos. The first American settlers, a group of Mormon pioneers, arrived over the Cajon Pass in 1851, although the Mormons left a scant six years later, recalled to Salt Lake City by Brigham Young during the churchs Utah War with the US government, other settlers soon followed. Base Line road, a thoroughfare, today runs from Highland to San Dimas. San Bernardino County was first formed out of parts of Los Angeles County on April 26,1853, while the partition once included what is today most of Riverside County, the region is not as monolithic as it may sound. On August 14,1893, the state Senate allowed Riverside County to form out of previously in San Bernardino and San Diego counties. County and become the seat of what would have been called San Antonio County, the arrival of rail and the importation of navel and Valencia orange trees in the 1870s touched off explosive growth, with the area quickly becoming a major center for citrus production. In 1926, Route 66 came through the parts of the area. The region experienced significant economic and population growth through most of the half of the twentieth century. In the early 1990s, the loss of the military bases
Inland Empire
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San Bernardino
Inland Empire
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Riverside
Inland Empire
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Ontario
Inland Empire
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Yucca Valley, within the
Morongo Basin, is halfway between the San Bernardino Valley and the Arizona State line
54.
San Bernardino, California
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San Bernardino /ˈsæn ˌbɜːrnɑːrˈdiːnoʊ/ is a city located in the Riverside-San Bernardino metropolitan area. It serves as the county seat of San Bernardino County, California, as one of the Inland Empires anchor cities, San Bernardino spans 81 square miles on the floor of the San Bernardino Valley and has a population of 209,924 as of the 2010 census. San Bernardino is the 17th-largest city in California and the 100th-largest city in the United States, San Bernardino is home to numerous diplomatic missions for the Inland Empire, being one of four cities in California with numerous consulates. The governments of Guatemala and Mexico have established their consulates in the area of the city. California State University, San Bernardino is located in the part of the city. The university also hosts the Coussoulis Arena, in addition, the city is home to the Inland Empire 66ers baseball team, they play their home games at San Manuel Stadium in downtown San Bernardino. In August 2012, San Bernardino became the largest city to choose to file for protection under Chapter 9 of the U. S. Bankruptcy code, San Bernardinos case was filed on August 1. On December 2,2015, a terrorist attack left 14 people dead and 22 seriously injured, the city of San Bernardino, California, occupies much of the San Bernardino Valley, which indigenous tribespeople originally referred to as The Valley of the Cupped Hand of God. The Tongva Indians also called the San Bernardino area Waaach in their language, upon seeing the immense geological arrowhead-shaped rock formation on the side of the San Bernardino Mountains, they found the hot and cold springs to which the arrowhead seemed to point. Politana was the first Spanish settlement in the San Bernardino Valley, Two years later the settlement was destroyed by superstitious local tribesmen, following the powerful earthquakes that shook the region. Several years later, the Serrano and Mountain Cahuilla rebuilt the Politana rancheria and they did and established the San Bernardino de Sena Estancia. Serrano and Cahuilla people inhabited Politana until long after the 1830s decree of secularization, the city of San Bernardino one of the oldest communities in the state of California, and in its present-day location, was not largely settled until 1851, after California became a state. The first Anglo-American colony was established by pioneers associated with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or Mormons, hardworking Mormon colonists developed irrigated, commercial farming and lumbering, supplying agricultural produce and lumber throughout Southern California. The city was incorporated in the year 1857. Later that year most of the colonists were recalled by Brigham Young in 1857 due to the Utah War, once highly regarded in early California, news of the Mountain Meadows Massacre poisoned attitudes toward the Mormons. They sold these lands to new settlers who came to dominate the culture and politics in the county, many the new land owners unlike the sober Mormons, indulged in drinking at saloons now allowed in the town. Disorder, fighting and violence in the vicinity became common, reaching a climax in the 1859 Ainsworth - Gentry Affair, in 1860 a gold rush began in the mountains nearby with the discovery of gold by William F. Holcomb in Holcomb Valley early 1860. Another strike followed in the reach of Lytle Creek
San Bernardino, California
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Downtown San Bernardino
San Bernardino, California
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San Bernardino, 1852
San Bernardino, California
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A view of "E" Street (or "D" Street?) and the Stewart Hotel, San Bernardino, ca.1905
San Bernardino, California
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San Bernardino, California, city and village, 1909.
55.
Rancho Cucamonga, California
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Rancho Cucamonga is a suburban city situated at the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains in San Bernardino County, California. It is located 37 miles east of Downtown Los Angeles, the city had a population of 165,269 in 2010 and an estimated population of 174,305 in 2014. The city experiences an average of 287 sunny days per year and its climate is classified as warm Mediterranean, or Csa, under the Köppen climate classification system. The citys seal, which centers on a cluster of grapes, alludes to the agricultural history. The citys favorable location and host of public amenities have earned it numerous distinctions, notably, Money Magazine ranked Rancho Cucamonga 42nd on its Best Places to Live list in 2006. In addition, Insider Magazine established one Rancho Cucamonga neighborhood as the 13th richest neighborhood in Southern California, all of the citys four public high schools earned the Silver distinction in a 2015 ranking of the nations high schools by U. S. News & World Report. Rancho Cucamongas first settlers were Native American, by 1200 A. D. Kukamongan Native Americans had established a village settlement in the area around present-day Red Hill, near the citys western border. Kukamonga derives its name from a Native-American word meaning sandy place, after a half-century of political jockeying in the region, the land finally came under the control of Juan Bautista Alvarado, governor of Mexico. On March 3,1839, Alvarado granted 13,000 acres of land in the area called Cucamonga to Tubercio Tapia, a first-generation Spanish native of Los Angeles, successful merchant, Tapia went on to establish the first winery in California on his newly deeded land. Rancho Cucamonga was purchased by John Rains and his wife in 1858, the Rains familys home, Casa de Rancho Cucamonga, was completed in 1860 and now appears on the National Register of Historic Places. During the ensuing years the town prospered and grew, in 1887, irrigation tunnels were dug into Cucamonga Canyon by Chinese laborers and the Santa Fe Railroad was extended through the area. Among the towns economic mainstays was agriculture, including olives, peaches, citrus, in 1913, the Pacific Electric Railway was extended through Rancho Cucamonga in an effort to improve crop transportation. Several landmarks in existence today pay tribute to the citys multicultural founding, in 1977, the unincorporated communities of Alta Loma, Cucamonga, and Etiwanda voted to incorporate, forming the city of Rancho Cucamonga. The former community of Grapeland, first settled in 1869, lay roughly between todays Victoria Groves Park and Central Park, there was a schoolhouse which also doubled as a church. In 1890 an irrigation district was formed and $200,000 in bonds were sold to pay for improvements, the Sierra Vista reservoir was built in 1886-87 by J. L. Scofield as the focal point of a network of irrigation pipes. The system was unused, however, because the issue was declared illegal. Orchards and vineyards began to die, The Daily Report newspaper reported in a retrospective, the post office closed in 1905. Homes, buildings were destroyed or abandoned, the reservoir remained unused until 1956, when the Fontana Union Water Company filled it with 5 million gallons of water
Rancho Cucamonga, California
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Rancho Cucamonga
Rancho Cucamonga, California
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Seal
Rancho Cucamonga, California
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Orchards and farms, such as this Cucamonga ranch photographed in 1884, had dominated the landscape of the area until the recent land development boom in the late 20th century.
Rancho Cucamonga, California
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An example of the office parks along Haven Avenue.
56.
Victorville, California
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Victorville is a city located in the Victor Valley of southwestern San Bernardino County, California. Its estimated population as of July 1,2013 was 121,096, in 1858, Aaron G. Lane came to what is now known as Victorville and founded a way station called Lanes Crossing. For many years it provided shelter and supplies for making the journey across the desert from the east to San Bernardino. Lanes Crossing was on the Mojave River on todays Turner Road, captain Lane was a veteran of the Mexican-American War who had suffered from malaria during that war. Originally he migrated west to join the California gold rush, and he settled in Ione near Sutters Mill in northern California during those years, but he migrated to San Bernardino in 1857. He settled on the Mojave River in 1858, where he established his way station and he later sold out to Texan John Fry Miller, who changed the name of Lanes Crossing to Pioneer Station. Miller was a rancher and became involved in Mojave Valley politics and that first year, ten citizens cast their votes at Lanes residence, rather than making the long trip to San Bernardino. Census records show that ten people lived in two residences on the river by 1860, listed in Dwelling No.703 were Aaron Lane, William R. Levick, and the Nicholson family, consisting of George and Frances, and their three children aged 9 to 13. Joseph and Mary Highmoor lived in Dwelling No,704, with a seven-year-old female named Anna. The Levick, Nicholson and Highmoor families were Mormon pioneers, Highmoor established a way station called Highmoors Crossing, which was near todays Oro Grande bridge of the National Trails Highway, over the Mojave River at what is called the Lower Narrows. The Nicholson family moved downriver a few miles and established a way station at Point of Rocks in todays Helendale area. In 1867, Lafayette Meacham, a Mormon who ran a way station near todays Barstow area and it crossed the Mojave River at todays Sixth Street. This new road, now called Stoddard Wells Road, was a short-cut across the desert, the river crossing was called Mormon Crossing and the surrounding area became known by that name. In the 1870s, Heber Pete Huntington established a stop, Huntington Station. Also a Mormon pioneer, Huntington was leader Brigham Youngs nephew, the village which sprang up around that railroad facility became known by the same name of Victor. In 1901, at the suggestion of local postmistress Abbey Turner, post Office Department changed that name to Victorville to stop the postal confusion with the town of Victor, Colorado. In 1926, U. S. Route 66 was begun, in Victorville, US66 is marked on D and Seventh streets, with a section of Interstate 15 going towards the Cajon Pass. It is the street through Old Town Victorville
Victorville, California
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Seal
Victorville, California
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Location of Victorville in California
Victorville, California
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Old Town Victorville Veteran's Memorial
Victorville, California
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Rock Faces in Victorville CA. Non-Prehistoric Petroglyphs.
57.
Apple Valley, California
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The Town of Apple Valley is located in the Victor Valley of San Bernardino County, in the U. S. state of California. It was incorporated on November 14,1988, and is one of the twenty-two incorporated municipalities in California that uses town in its name instead of city. The town is east of and adjoining to the cities of Victorville. The population was 69,135 at the 2010 census, Apple Valley is governed by a town council, whose current mayor is Larry Cusack. Apple Valley was home to Roy Rogers and Dale Evans, whose museum was first established in Apple Valley before the museum was relocated to Victorville in 1976, since 2003, the museum has been in Branson, Missouri. The move was made in hopes of reaching more fans, however, Apple Valley is located at 34°31′N 117°13′W. Apple Valley is located at the edge of the Mojave Desert. Apple Valley, in combination with Victorville, Hesperia, Adelanto, the commercial area is split currently between State Route 18 and Bear Valley Road. The Mojave River that borders the west side of Apple Valley, is one of only a handful of rivers in the world to flow magnetic north, the town is bounded on its southern edge by the foothills of the San Bernardino mountains. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 73.5 square miles of which 73.2 square miles is land and 0.3 square miles. The elevation of Apple Valley is approximately 2,900 feet above sea level, Apple Valley is comfortable throughout most of the year, with few snowfalls in the winter and warm sunny days from late spring to early fall. Seasonal high winds occur occasionally in spring and fall, according to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Apple Valley has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated BSk on climate maps. On average, the warmest month is July, the highest recorded temperature was 116 °F in 2002. On average, the coolest month is December, the lowest recorded temperature was −1 °F in 1949. The most precipitation on average occurs in February, for centuries, Apple Valley was populated by Shoshonean, Paiute, Vanyume, Chemehueve and the Serrano who were attracted to the water and vegetation around the Mojave River. The Mojave people came later and were the group encountered in 1542 by a detachment of Coronados men. These were the first Spanish to come to the Mojave desert, pedro Fages came through the area in 1772, looking for deserters. Father Garces spent time in the area in 1776 and he was on good terms with local tribes
Apple Valley, California
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Location of Apple Valley in California
58.
Chino, California
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Chino is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. It is located in the end of the Riverside-San Bernardino Area and it is easily accessible via the Chino Valley. The population was 77,983 at the 2010 census, chinos rich agricultural history dates back to the Spanish land grant forming Rancho Santa Ana del Chino. The area specialized in orchard, row crops and dairy, downtown Chino is home to satellite branches of the San Bernardino County Library and Chaffey Community College, the Chino Community Theatre, the Chino Boxing Club and a weekly Farmers Market. In 2008, the city of Chino was awarded the prestigious 100 Best Communities for Youth award for the time in three years. Chino hosted shooting events for the 1984 Summer Olympics at the Prado Olympic Shooting Park in the Prado Regional Park, two California state prisons for adults, as well as the Heman G. Stark Youth Correctional Facility, lie within the city limits. The land grant on which the town was founded was called Rancho Santa Ana del Chino, Santa Ana is Spanish for Saint Anne, but the exact meaning of Chino has been explained in different ways. One explanation is that the Chino was the chief of the local Native American village, the first inhabitants of Chino in modern times were the Tongva, who had a settlement called Wapijangna in the Santa Ana River watershed. Some residents of Wapijanga were baptized at Mission San Gabriel, which was established in 1771, the Spanish crown claimed the land, at least nominally, until Mexican independence was finalized and possession fell to the Mexican government. Some twenty years later, Mexican governor of Alta California Juan Bautista Alvarado granted Rancho Santa Ana del Chino to Antonio Maria Lugo of the prominent Lugo family. Two years later, his successor, Governor Micheltorena, granted an additional three leagues to Lugos son-in-law Isaac Williams, who took charge of the rancho, Williams kept large quantities of horses and cattle, which attracted the envy of raiding Native Americans as well as unscrupulous whites. Early in the Mexican-American War, the Battle of Chino took place at Williams rancho, the battle ended prior to the arrival of the Mormon Battalion, dispatched on behalf of the United States, who instead labored in the ranchos agricultural harvest and constructed a grist mill. During the California Gold Rush, the rancho was a stopover for travelers. In 1850, California was admitted to the union, and the process of separating privately held lands from the public domain began, the Williams claim to the Chino Rancho was patented in 1869. Richard Gird was the owner of the Rancho. Beginning in 1887, his land was subdivided and laid out and it became the Town of Chino, and incorporated into a city in 1910. Sugar beets, corn, and alfalfa were raised there, the Chino Valley, located at the foot of an alluvial plain with fertile topsoil reaching depths of 4 feet, was an agricultural mecca from the 1890s up through the mid 20th century. Sugar beets were a significant part of the economy in the early 1900s, followed by corn, peaches, walnuts, tomatoes
Chino, California
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Beet sugar factory c.1906
Chino, California
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Location of Chino within Southwestern
San Bernardino County, California.
Chino, California
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Chino Valley Creamery, c.1900
59.
Chino Hills, California
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Chino Hills is an affluent city located in the southwestern corner of San Bernardino County, California, United States. The city borders Los Angeles County on its northwest side, Orange County to its south, after the Spanish founded Mission San Gabriel in 1771, the Chino Hills was used extensively for grazing by mission cattle. During the Mexican Republic era, the hills were used as spillover grazing from such surrounding Mexican ranchos as Santa Ana del Chino, after Mexico ceded California to the United States it was, and still is, a swamp and subject to flooding annually. Most historical dwellings were demolished in the rush to build, a local state monument is present in the grass lawn area of the local fire department, if one looks closely. Casa Colina, a rehabilitation center now situated in Pomona California. Similarly, the well known hospital, Loma Linda Hospital, also had its beginnings as a tubercular clinic, sadly, most patients admitted for tuberculosis, succumbed to the illness because of the ineffectiveness of pre-antibotic treatments. This land was sold to Richard Gird, the founder of nearby Chino subdivision, for the same reason, Sleepy Hollow became a destination for hippies and artists during the 1960s. During the late 1980s, an effort began and in 1991. Rapid and extensive housing developments followed throughout the 1980s and early 1990s, most neighborhoods are arranged in a village-type format with strategically placed shopping centers and parks designed to be within walking distance of nearby homes. Chino Hills is home to the Vellano Country Club, a golf course and housing development designed by golf champion Greg Norman. With home prices expected to exceed $2 million, Vellano was touted as the most expensive housing development in the Inland Empire, Chino Hills also includes the developed golf course development neighborhood of Los Serranos. Other large master-planned subdivisions without amenities include Woodview/Village Crossing, Gordon Ranch, LaBand Village, Butterfield Ranch, Rolling Ridge, Fairfield Ranch, Chino Hills is also the location of The Shoppes at Chino Hills. The mall features over 65 upscale stores and restaurants, the Shoppes is designed to be Main Street Chino Hills featuring the Chino Hills Government Center and Library in addition to retail outlets. On July 29,2008, a 5.4 magnitude earthquake occurred at approximately 11,42,15 am PDT and it was the largest earthquake to affect the urbanized portion of Southern California since the 2004 Parkfield-San Bernardino earthquake. Some incidents of damage were reported, but no fatalities or severe injuries occurred as a result, the earthquake was felt as far south as San Diego and as far north as Las Vegas. The quake was reported to have interrupted a taping of the show Judge Judy, the epicenter was located at the southeast portion of the Yorba Linda Fault. Chino Hills was ranked 34th in Money magazines Best places to live 2012 and it is also the 6th highest income place in the United States and was ranked as the 13th safest city in the United States in 2008 by the FBI. Chino Hills is a part of the Chino Valley, Chino Hills’ reputation is known in the national arena as well, as it was featured on the list of 87 of Americas hottest towns in the January 2004 issue of Money magazine
Chino Hills, California
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Chino Hills, with the
San Gabriel Mountains in background
60.
Highland, California
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Highland is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population in 2010 was 53,104, up from 44,605 at the 2000 census, the term Highland also refers to a geographical area of the city of San Bernardino, and parts of unincorporated San Bernardino County. Highland is located at 34°7′6″N 117°12′9″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 18.9 square miles. 18.8 square miles of it is land and 0.1 square miles of it is water, the 2010 United States Census reported that Highland had a population of 53,104. The population density was 2,811.3 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Highland was 27,836 White,5,887 African American,542 Native American,3,954 Asian,168 Pacific Islander,11,826 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 25,556 persons. The Census reported that 52,932 people lived in households,76 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 1,129 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 109 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,254 households were made up of individuals and 757 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.42. There were 12,542 families, the family size was 3.74. The median age was 30.6 years, for every 100 females there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males, there were 16,578 housing units at an average density of 877.6 per square mile, of which 10,106 were owner-occupied, and 5,365 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2. 2%, the vacancy rate was 8. 7%. 33,361 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,571 people lived in housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Highland had a household income of $57,313. As of the census of 2000, there were 44,605 people,13,478 households, the population density was 3,273.3 inhabitants per square mile. There were 14,858 housing units at a density of 1,090.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 56. 3% White,12. 1% African American,1. 3% Native American,6. 1% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,18. 6% from other races, and 5. 2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 36. 6% of the population,15. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 4. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
Highland, California
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Santa Ana River Bridge
61.
Redlands, California
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Redlands /ˈrɛdlᵻndz/ is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. It is a part of the Greater Los Angeles area, as of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 68,747, up from 63,591 at the 2000 census. The population was estimated at 69,999 in 2013, the city is located approximately 10 miles east of downtown San Bernardino. The area now occupied by Redlands was originally part of the territory of the Morongo, explorations such as those of Pedro Fages and Francisco Garcés sought to extend Catholic influence to the indigenous people and the dominion of the Spanish crown into the area in the 1770s. The Serrano village of Guachama, located just to the west of present-day Redlands, was visited by Fr, Francisco Dumetz in 1810, and was the reason the site was chosen for a mission outpost. Dumetz reached the village on May 20, the feast day of Saint Bernardino of Siena, by 1820, a ditch, known as a zanja, was dug by the natives for the friars from Mill Creek to the Asistencia. In 1822, word of the Mexican triumph in the War of Independence reached the inland area, in 1842, the Lugo family bought the Rancho San Bernardino Mexican land grant and this became the first fixed settler civilization in the area. The area northwest of current Redlands, astride the Santa Ana River, the Mormon community left wholesale in 1857, recalled to Utah by Brigham Young during the tensions with the federal government that ultimately led to the brief Utah War. Benjamin Barton purchased 1,000 acres from the Latter-day Saints and planted extensive vineyards, Lugonia attracted settlers, in 1869, Barry Roberts, followed a year later by the Craw and Glover families. The first school teacher in Lugonia, George W. Beattie, arrived in 1874—shortly followed by the towns first negro settler, Israel Beal. The city has been visited by three U. S. Presidents, William McKinley was the first in 1901, followed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1903 and William Howard Taft in 1909. Smiley Public Library, a Moorish-style library built in 1898, located behind the Smiley Library is the Lincoln Shrine, the only memorial honoring the Great Emancipator, the sixteenth president, west of the Mississippi River. Famous homes include “America’s Favorite Victorian, ” the Morey Mansion, on Terracina Boulevard, and the Kimberly Crest House and Gardens, a museum featured on the PBS series “America’s Castles. ”Named after the family that purchased the house. Redlands is still regarded as the Jewel of the Inland Empire, north flooding the area now known as the Inland Empire. North and others saw the area, with its hot, dry climate and ready access to water as an ideal center for citrus production. The city of Redlands was soon established by Frank E. Brown, an engineer, and E. G. Judson. They named their city “Redlands” after the color of the adobe soil, so large had the area grown by 1888 that it was decided to incorporate. A red-letter day in the Annals of Redlands, pronounced Scipio Craig, editor of The Citrograph newspaper, the original community of Lugonia was absorbed at this time
Redlands, California
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Seal
Redlands, California
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Redlands, California, 1908.
Redlands, California
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Women packing oranges at the Sunkist packing plant, Redlands, California, 1943
Redlands, California
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Post Office, erected in the 1930s by the
Works Progress Administration.
62.
Rialto, California
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Rialto is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 99,171 with the 2010 Census, one of the United States largest fireworks companies, Pyro Spectaculars, is also headquartered in Rialto. The particularly arid climate during the summer prevents tropospheric clouds from forming, meaning temperatures rise to what is considered Class Orange by NOAA, Rialto gets an average of 16 inches of rain, and maybe hail most of this rainfall precipitates in winter. During winter, Rialtos northern-most neighborhood gets snow, heavily at times as a result of its elevation of about 3,000 feet above sea level, however, most of the city is out of snowfalls path. This phenomenon markedly increases the danger in the foothill, canyon. Rialto is located at 34°6′41″N 117°22′57″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 22.4 square miles. 22.4 square miles of it is land and 0. 06% is water, as of the census of 2000, there are 91,873 people,24,659 households, and 20,516 families residing in the city. There are 26,045 housing units at a density of 459. 8/km². The racial makeup of the city is 39. 37% White,22. 27% African American,1. 05% Native American,2. 47% Asian,0. 43% Pacific Islander,29. 20% from other races, and 5. 21% from two or more races. 51. 21% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race,13. 4% of all households are made up of individuals and 5. 4% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.69 and the family size is 4.01. In the city, the population is out with 37. 7% under the age of 18,10. 4% from 18 to 24,29. 1% from 25 to 44,16. 4% from 45 to 64. The median age is 26 years, for every 100 females there are 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.7 males, the median income for a household in the city is $41,254, and the median income for a family is $42,638. Males have an income of $34,110 versus $26,640 for females. The per capita income for the city is $13,375,17. 4% of the population and 13. 8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the population,21. 7% of those under the age of 18 and 9. 7% of those 65. The 2010 United States Census reported that Rialto had a population of 99,171, the population density was 4,434.1 people per square mile
Rialto, California
–
Seal
Rialto, California
–
Location of Rialto in California
Rialto, California
–
1907 First Christian Church, now Rialto Historical Society.
Rialto, California
–
Historic Pacific Electric depot, now a restaurant.
63.
Yucaipa, California
–
Yucaipa is a city located 10 miles east of San Bernardino, in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 51,367 at the 2010 census, up from 41,207 at the 2000 census, according to San Bernardino County, the projected population in 2012 is 58,187. Yucaipa has the distinction of being the former, longtime home of a population of Serrano Indians and was also known for being the home base of what is now Stater Bros. Yucaipa City is located in the southwestern United States, in southeastern California and this city is approximately 2,600 ft above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 27.8 square miles. Yucaipa is home to Yucaipa Regional Park, Flag Hill Veterans Memorial Park, Seventh Street Park, I Street Park, and Wildwood Park. Recently added was the Yucaipa Community Park, the Bryant Glen Sports Complex, according to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Yucaipa has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated Csb on climate maps. The 2010 United States Census reported that Yucaipa had a population of 51,367, the population density was 1,841.5 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Yucaipa was 40,824 White,837 African American,485 Native American,1,431 Asian,74 Pacific Islander,5,589 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,943 persons. The Census reported that 50,813 people lived in households,227 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 1,061 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 114 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,198 households were made up of individuals and 1,970 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.79. There were 13,099 families, the family size was 3.29. The median age was 37.8 years, for every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.5 males, there were 19,642 housing units at an average density of 704.2 per square mile, of which 13,503 were owner-occupied, and 4,728 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3. 0%, the vacancy rate was 9. 0%. 37,165 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 13,648 people lived in housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Yucaipa had a household income of $59,428. Since the city incorporated in 1989, it has experienced a significant level of growth, as of the census of 2000, Yucaipa had 41,207 residents,15,193 households, and 10,680 families
Yucaipa, California
–
Yucaipa City Hall, with
San Bernardino Peak in the background
64.
Barstow, California
–
Barstow is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 22,639 at the 2010 census, Barstow is located 55 miles north of San Bernardino. Barstow is a transportation center for the Inland Empire. Several major highways including Interstate 15, Interstate 40, California State Route 58 and it is the site of a large rail classification yard, belonging to the BNSF Railway. The Union Pacific Railroad also runs through town using trackage rights on BNSFs main line to Daggett 10 miles east, from where it heads to Salt Lake City, Barstow is about 62 miles from Baker, California and 111 miles from Primm, Nevada. Barstow is almost exactly midway between Los Angeles, California and Las Vegas, Nevada, Barstow is home to Marine Corps Logistics Base Barstow and is the closest city to the Fort Irwin National Training Center. The settlement of Barstow began in the late 1830s in the Mormon Corridor, every fall and winter, as the weather cooled, the rain produced new grass growth and replenished the water sources in the Mojave Desert. People, goods and animal herds would move from New Mexico and later Utah to Los Angeles, along the Old Spanish Trail from Santa Fe, or after 1848, trains of freight wagons traveled back to Salt Lake City and other points in the interior. Barstows roots also lie in the mining history of the Mojave Desert following the discovery of gold and silver in the Owens Valley. Due to the influx of miners arriving in Calico and Daggett, railroads were constructed to transport goods, the Southern Pacific built a line from Mojave, California through Barstow to Needles in 1883. In 1884, ownership of the line from Needles to Mojave was transferred to the Santa Fe Railroad, paving the major highways through Barstow led to further development of the city. Much of its economy depends on transportation, before the advent of the interstate highway system, Barstow was an important stop on both Routes 66 and 91. The two routes met in downtown Barstow and continued west together to Los Angeles, Barstow is named after William Barstow Strong, former president of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Some early Barstow names were Camp Sugarloaf, Grapevine, and Waterman Junction, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 107.2 km2,99. 98% land and 0. 02% water. Summer days are hot, with highs typically exceeding 100 °F. Winter, in contrast, is characterized by cold mornings. Daily temperature ranges are large as a result of the low atmospheric moisture, in January, the normal high temperature is 61 °F with a low of 37 °F. In July, the high temperature is 105 °F with a low of 74 °F. There are an average of 140 days with highs of 90 °F or higher, an average of 82 days with highs of 100F degrees or higher, the average annual precipitation is 4.12 inches, with nearly 70% of rain typically falling during the cooler months
Barstow, California
–
Historic Casa del Desierto ("House of the Desert") in Barstow
65.
Big Bear City, California
–
Big Bear City is an unincorporated town in San Bernardino County, California, United States along the east shore of Big Bear Lake and surrounded by the San Bernardino National Forest. It is located 27 miles northeast of the city of San Bernardino and its population was 12,304 at the 2010 census, up from 5,779 at the 2000 census. The makeup of Big Bear City is mostly residential with smaller houses, despite the name, Big Bear City is not an incorporated city, and should not be confused with the adjacent incorporated city of Big Bear Lake. Big Bear City is its own census-designated place, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 32.0 square miles,99. 95% of it land and 0. 05% of it water. The nearby ski resorts consist of Snow Summit and Bear Mountain, most of the town and the business district are centered on Big Bear Boulevard. Its limits are defined on the West by Division Road and on the east by the turn at Highway 38. Though its south boundary is defined by the residential boundary. The east-west postal divider of Big Bear City is Green Way Drive, sugarloaf is a large residential area that lies to the south of Big Bear City. It is often the location of training for many Boxers and Mixed martial arts contestants such as Oscar De La Hoya, Shane Mosley. The 2010 United States Census reported that Big Bear City had a population of 12,304, the population density was 384.8 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Big Bear City was 10,252 White,83 African American,202 Native American,103 Asian,31 Pacific Islander,1,089 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 2,323 persons. The Census reported that 12,286 people lived in households,18 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 313 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 73 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,335 households were made up of individuals and 450 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.45. There were 3,310 families, the family size was 2.94. The median age was 42.9 years, for every 100 females there were 102.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.4 males, there were 12,226 housing units at an average density of 382.4 per square mile, of which 3,409 were owner-occupied, and 1,602 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 9. 0%, the vacancy rate was 14. 0%. 7,854 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 4,432 people lived in housing units
Big Bear City, California
–
Looking west at corner of Big Bear Boulevard and Greenway in Big Bear City. This is where Highways 18 and 38 cross over.
66.
Crestline, California
–
Crestline is a census-designated place in the San Bernardino Mountains of San Bernardino County, California, USA. The population was 10,770 at the 2010 census, up from 10,218 at the 2000 census, Crestline is located at 34°14′33″N 117°17′24″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, Crestline has an area of 14.0 square miles. 13.8 square miles of it is land and 0.1 square miles of it is water, Crestline is located within the San Bernardino National Forest, Lake Gregory is located in the center of Crestline. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Crestline has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, the 2010 United States Census reported that Crestline had a population of 10,770. The population density was 770.4 people per square mile, the racial makeup of Crestline was 9,289 White,107 African American,135 Native American,96 Asian,20 Pacific Islander,526 from other races, and 597 from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1,775 persons, the Census reported that 10,723 people lived in households,39 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 8 were institutionalized. There were 309 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 57 Homosexual,1,190 households were made up of individuals and 362 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46, there were 2,806 families, the average family size was 2.97. The median age was 43.3 years, for every 100 females there were 103.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.5 males, there were 7,333 housing units at an average density of 524.6 per square mile, of which 3,123 were owner-occupied, and 1,237 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 6. 7%, the vacancy rate was 13. 8%. 7,463 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,260 people lived in housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Crestline had a household income of $50,079. As of the census of 2000, there were 10,218 people,4,000 households, the population density was 940.4 inhabitants per square mile. There were 6,695 housing units at a density of 616.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 88. 0% White,0. 8% African American,1. 1% Native American,0. 6% Asian,0. 2% Pacific Islander,5. 0% from other races, and 4. 3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10. 5% of the population,24. 7% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
Crestline, California
–
Lake Gregory
Crestline, California
–
Location in
San Bernardino County and the state of
California
67.
Grand Terrace, California
–
Grand Terrace is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 12,040 at the 2010 census, up from 11,626 at the 2000 census, Grand Terrace is located between Highgrove and Colton, along the 215 and Aqua Mansa industrial corridors. The city is situated between two ridges, Blue Mountain to the east and the La Loma Hills to the west. Grand Terraces roots go back to Mexican land grants dating from the period between 1830 and 1840, mormon settlers came shortly after, arriving in the San Bernardino Valley, during the 1850s. According to the Riverside Press, in 1876, there were nine buildings in the Terrace-Colton area, originally, the area was simply referred to as the Terrace, but the word Grand, was added around 1898 due to the beautiful views which surround the city. In 1905, Seventh-day Adventists, whose medical university is now located in nearby Loma Linda, Grand Terrace, at the time know as South Colton experienced continued growth and development during the Southern California suburbia and sunbelt periods in the late half of the 20th century. The development of Grand Terrace, or East Riverside, as the Grand Terrace-Highgrove area was called and this 22-1/2 mile canal, built at a cost of 2 million dollars, brought water from the Santa Ana River marshlands below The Terrace. With plenty of water, Grand Terrace rapidly became an agricultural community featuring fine. However, the freeze of 1913 destroyed many groves. Walnuts, a tree, were planted as replacements along with peaches as a quick-profit crop. The social activities in the early 1900s centered around the Farm Bureau Extension Service, since there were no local churches, people traveled to surrounding communities for worship and other church activities. In 1962, the Grand Terrace Chamber of Commerce was organized, from the very beginning the Chamber was interested in preserving the local identity of the area, and therefore, was a strong supporter of cityhood. This group did much of the groundwork, which led to the formation of a governing body in 1976. After nearly two years of meetings and negotiations with the County, the residents went to the polls to decide the issue of cityhood, the response was a 82% vote for incorporation. On November 30,1978, the Charter City Council was installed at Terrace Hills Junior High, Grand Terrace was named one of the Top 100 Cities to Live In by Money magazine in 2007. This 3. 6-square-mile community has an elevation of 1,065 feet. Its motto, inscribed on the city flag, is The Blue Mountain City, according to the citys web site, the 2000 census revealed that Grand Terrace has the highest median income in the Inland Empire region at $61,068. According to an article in The Press-Enterprise dated May 31,2002, Its clean streets, quiet neighborhoods, Grand Terrace is located at 34°1′52″N 117°19′0″W
Grand Terrace, California
–
Grand Terrace's city limits sign at its southern border, as seen from
I-215
68.
Loma Linda, California
–
Loma Linda is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States, that was incorporated in 1970. The population was 23,261 at the 2010 census, up from 18,681 at the 2000 census, the central area of the city was originally known as Mound City, its eastern half was originally the unincorporated community of Bryn Mawr. In the late 1800s, Loma Linda began as a development of tourist halls called Mound City, in the early 1800s shops and cottages were built but the project would later fail. During the late 1890s, a group of businessmen and physicians from Los Angeles bought the hotel and reopened it as a convalescent home and they called it Loma Linda, meaning “pretty hill” in Spanish. The city was incorporated in 1970, in 1969, San Timoteo Creek overflowed its banks, inundating two-thirds of Loma Linda. Many of the bridges over the creek washed away, and Loma Linda Academy was completely flooded, in 2010, the creek again flooded parts of Loma Linda. Loma Linda is twinned with Manipal, India, and Libertador San Martin, Argentina, Loma Linda is located in southwestern San Bernardino County and is part of the Inland Empire. It is bordered on the north by San Bernardino, on the east by Redlands, on the west by Colton, an area of unincorporated territory in Riverside County separates Loma Linda from the city of Moreno Valley to the south. The remnants of Bryn Mawr, a community formerly located between Loma Linda and Redlands, were annexed by the City in 2008. The city is in the southern San Bernardino Valley, the southern third of the city is known as the South Hills, this rugged and hilly area at the northwestern end of The Badlands is a city-owned open space reserve protected by a local initiative. San Timoteo Creek flows from southeast to northwest through the city, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.5 square miles,99. 99% of it land. Ground water near Loma Linda is contaminated by a plume of the chemical perchlorate which was used in the manufacture of solid rocket fuel, also, this chemical was formerly prescribed by physicians to control the overactive thyroid glands of certain patients. Attempts to quantify the effects of exposure to perchlorate have met with resistance from environmental activists. A nearby plant operated by Lockheed Aerospace has been implicated in the disposal of the rocket fuel ingredient. The 2010 United States Census reported that Loma Linda had a population of 23,261, the population density was 3,094.3 people per square mile. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5,171 persons, the Census reported that 22,457 people lived in households,562 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 242 were institutionalized. There were 351 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 46 same-sex married couples or partnerships,2,453 households were made up of individuals and 837 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56, there were 5,483 families, the average family size was 3.18
Loma Linda, California
–
A view of
Loma Linda University Medical Center, with the city surrounding it
Loma Linda, California
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A shopping center at Loma Linda University pictured in the early 1950s.
Loma Linda, California
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Nichol Hall on the campus of Loma Linda University.
Loma Linda, California
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Loma Linda University Church.
69.
Landers, California
–
Landers is an unincorporated community in the Mojave Desert, in San Bernardino County, Southern California. Landers population, as of 2016, is 3,910 people, Landers lies in the Homestead Valley of the southeastern Mojave Desert. The towns elevation is 3,100 feet above sea level, Landers,14 miles north of Yucca Valley, is bordered by the city of Joshua Tree to its southeast, Johnson Valley, California to its north, and Pioneertown to its southwest. California State Route 247, named Old Woman Springs Road in the area, adjacent to Landers on the north is Giant Rock, covering 5800 sq. ft. and 7 stories high. [http, //www. lucernevalley. net/giantrock/ It is thought to be the largest free standing boulder in the world and it was sacred to the Californian Indians in the region, where the north and south tribes met annually. From the 1950s through the 1970s, Landers was a gathering point for annual Spacecraft Conventions of UFO enthusiasts. The area was also the epicenter of the June 28,1992 Landers earthquake and it caused considerable structural damage to the surrounding area, and one death, of a three-year-old child. A news image frequently shown was the wall completely collapsed at the Yucca Lanes Bowling Center. It was later determined that the wall was a temporary one, the U. S. Landers Post Office is located at Landers Lane and Reche Road, serving ZIP code 92285. A Loyal Order of Moose Lodge, convenience store, realty office, chamber of commerce, elementary school, the Landers Airport has a short runway, adequate for single engine aircraft. Airstream Motel Kates Lazy Desert Airstream Motel is an unusual motel camp in Landers, the resort was created by Kate Pierson of the B-52s. Author, inventor, and UFO advocate George Van Tassel built the Integratron structure in the Giant Rock area from 1957 to 1977. The Integratron dome is built using a design of wood construction with 16 glued and laminated spines held together at its apex by one ton of concrete. It is 38 feet high and 50 feet in diameter, the Integratron, and Giant Rock are Landers main tourist attractions. In 2015, Landers was one of the locations for the film Sky as well as Barstow, Bombay Beach, Hinkley, Joshua Tree, Lenwood, Ludlow, Newberry Springs. Joshua Tree National Park Lucerne Valley Lucernevalley. net, The Intrigue of Giant Rock — formation, history, local Landers Home Page — archived copy. Integretron, homepage + links — out of this world, bighorn Desert Water District — serving Landers
Landers, California
–
The
Integratron in Landers.
Landers, California
–
Landers is known as: "The Land of a Thousand Vistas".
Landers, California
–
Time laps photo of Landers at evening
twilight.
Landers, California
–
Winter
sunrise in Landers.
70.
Mentone, California
–
Mentone is a census-designated place in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 8,720 at the 2010 census, up from 7,803 at the 2000 census and it is located at 34°3′53″N 117°7′13″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, it has an area of 6.2 square miles,6.2 square miles of it is land and 0. 19% is water. Mentone is a railroad town and health spa. It was named for Menton, France, the 2010 United States Census reported that Mentone had a population of 8,720. The population density was 1,398.8 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Mentone was 6,114 White,438 African American,122 Native American,352 Asian,32 Pacific Islander,1,234 from other races, hispanic or Latino people of any race were 3,085 persons. The Census reported that 8,601 people lived in households,64 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 222 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 24 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 674 households were made up of individuals and 180 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.84. There were 2,159 families, the family size was 3.31. The median age was 33.7 years, for every 100 females there were 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males, there were 3,273 housing units at an average density of 525.0 per square mile, of which 1,844 were owner-occupied, and 1,182 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2. 7%, the vacancy rate was 8. 3%. 5,371 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,230 people lived in housing units. During 2009–2013, Mentone had a household income of $58,178. As of the census of 2000, there were 7,803 people,2,757 households, the population density was 1,252.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 2,946 housing units at a density of 473.0 per square mile. The racial makeup was 74. 5% White,4. 7% African American,1. 1% Native American,3. 0% Asian,0. 2% Pacific Islander,12. 4% from other races, and 4. 1% from two or more races
Mentone, California
–
Location in
San Bernardino County and the state of
California
71.
San Antonio Heights, California
–
San Antonio Heights is a census-designated place in San Bernardino County, California. It is in the northern Pomona Valley and foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains, the population was 3,371 at the 2010 census, up from 3,122 at the 2000 census. San Antonio Heights is an affluent area located at 34°9′11″N 117°39′41″W, the area is directly north of the city of Upland. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 2.6 square miles. 2.5 square miles of it is land and 0.2 square miles of it is water and this region experiences warm and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, San Antonio Heights has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, the 2010 United States Census reported that San Antonio Heights had a population of 3,371. The population density was 1,287.6 people per square mile. The racial makeup of San Antonio Heights was 2,765 White,67 African American,24 Native American,284 Asian,15 Pacific Islander,115 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 612 persons. The Census reported that 3,358 people lived in households,13 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 53 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 17 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 175 households were made up of individuals and 88 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.80. There were 955 families, the family size was 3.08. The median age was 46.3 years, for every 100 females there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.2 males, there were 1,239 housing units at an average density of 473.3 per square mile, of which 1,004 were owner-occupied, and 194 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0. 8%, the vacancy rate was 5. 4%. 2,851 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 507 people lived in housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, San Antonio Heights had a household income of $106,905. As of the census of 2000, there were 3,122 people,1,081 households, the population density was 2,228.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 1,121 housing units at a density of 800.3 per square mile
San Antonio Heights, California
–
Location in
San Bernardino County and the state of
California
72.
Coachella Valley
–
It is the northernmost extent of the vast trough which includes the Salton Sea, the Imperial Valley and the Gulf of California. The San Andreas Fault crosses the valley from the Chocolate Mountains in the southeast corner, the fault is easily visible along its northern length as a strip of greenery against an otherwise bare mountain. The Chocolate Mountains are home to a United States Navy live gunnery range and are mostly off-limits to the public, in comparison to the Inland Empire, some people refer to the IEs sub-region Coachella Valley as the Desert Empire to differentiate it from the neighboring Imperial Valley. Geographers and geologists sometimes call the area, along with the Imperial Valley to the south, the valley connects with the Greater Los Angeles area to the west via the San Gorgonio Pass, a major transportation corridor that includes I-10 and the Union Pacific Railroad. The valley is part of the 13th-largest metropolitan area in the United States, the famous desert resort cities of Palm Springs and Palm Desert lie in the Coachella Valley.5 million annual conventioneers and tourists. The local population rounds up to almost 500,000 in April, declines to 200,000 in July, there is some contention as to the origin of the name. Early maps show the area as Conchilla, the Spanish word for seashell, since the area was once a part of a vast inland sea, tiny fossilized mollusk shells can be found in just about every remote area. Local lore explains the change in the name from Conchilla to Coachella as a made by the map-makers contracted to transcribe the data supplied by the Southern Pacific Railroads survey party. Rather than redraw the expensive maps, the railroad chose to begin calling the area by the misspelled name Coachella rather than its traditional name Conchilla. Some believe that the name Coachella was simply made up, cindarella Courtney was the first non-Indian child born in Indio in 1898. The first boy, David Elgin, was born in 1899, the coming in 1926 of U. S. So too did the coming of State Highway 111 in the early 1930s, the standard was refined and adopted worldwide. Doctor McCarroll is memorialized by a stretch of I-10 through Indio named in her honor, the Coachella Valley was popular among celebrities from Frank Sinatra to Dakota Fanning who came and continue to come to enjoy vacations and winter homes in the desert resort community. Also it became a real estate destination in the 1980s and 1990s no longer limited to senior citizens, winter residents. Families with young children and young adults interested in Palm Springs and surrounding communities for lower cost housing. In a 2003 Condé Nast publication review, Palm Springs was ranked one of the top 10 global vacation destinations, and the smallest one in population. The area is surrounded on the southwest by the Santa Rosa Mountains, by the San Jacinto Mountains to the west and these mountains peak at around 11,000 feet and tend to average between 5,000 and 7,000 feet. Elevations on the Valley floor range from 1600 ft above sea level at the end of the Valley to 250 ft below sea level around Mecca
Coachella Valley
–
Coachella Valley
Coachella Valley
–
Panorama of the view south from Keys View in the
Little San Bernardino Mountains,
Joshua Tree National Park, California, USA. Visible landmarks are the
Salton Sea (230ft below sea level) at rear left, along towards the center the
Santa Rosa Mountains behind
Indio and the
San Jacinto Mountains behind
Palm Springs. In the valley floor, the
San Andreas Fault is clearly visible. At the rear right is the 11,500 ft (3,500 m)
San Gorgonio Mountain
Coachella Valley
–
The
San Gorgonio Pass Wind Farm as viewed from the top of the
Palm Springs Aerial Tramway in the
San Jacinto Mountains to the south.
73.
Cucamonga Valley
–
The Cucamonga Valley is a region of southwestern San Bernardino County and northwestern Riverside County, in southern California. It is located below the San Gabriel Mountains in the Inland Empire region and it is a region of the eastern Pomona Valley and western San Bernardino Valley. It is located between Los Angeles and San Bernardino, the Cucamonga Valley AVA, a designated American Viticultural Area, is in the valley region. It was a site of wine production in the late 19th through mid−20th centuries, before regional urban expansion with land development. Corona Fontana Norco Ontario Pedley Rancho Cucamonga Rialto The demographics of the Cucamonga Valley have been shifting in recent years, the population of European Americans, who once constituted a large majority, is on the decline while the population of Latinos and African Americans is growing. Unlike most of Southern California, there is not a strong representation of Asian Americans in the Cucamonga Valley. The city of Rancho Cucamonga has the highest population of Asian Americans in the Cucamonga Valley, the lines are named for their eastern terminal stations, with their shared western terminal being Los Angeles Union Station. Freeways running in an east–west direction are State Route 210, Interstate 10, Interstate 15 is the regions only north–south running freeway. Historic U. S. Route 66, as Foothill Boulevard, runs east–west through the region
Cucamonga Valley
–
View of
Pomona Valley and Cucamonga Valley (far right) from
Diamond Ranch High School in
Pomona
74.
High Desert (California)
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High Desert is a name used to define geographic areas of Southern California deserts that are between 2,000 and 4,000 ft in elevation. The High Desert generally refers to areas of the Mojave Desert, the term High Desert is commonly used by local news media, especially in weather forecasts, because of the high deserts unique and moderate weather patterns compared to its low desert neighbors. High Desert has also incorporated into the names of businesses. The term is used commonly to refer to Joshua Tree National Park, Twentynine Palms, the term High Desert serves to differentiate it from southern Californias Low Desert, which is defined by the differences in elevation, climate, animal life, and vegetation native to these regions. Comparison example, Palm Springs, California is considered Low Desert, in contrast, Landers, California, is considered High Desert, at 3,100 feet above sea level. The High Desert is typically windier than the Low Desert, and this is the most populous area of the High Desert region, with close to 300,000 residents in the incorporated places alone. San Bernardino Countys portion of the High Desert region contains the most land mass of the four involved counties, the Inyo County portion, north of Kern County and containing the northern end of the Indian Wells Valley, Panamint Valley, and Saline Valley. This is the most sparsely populated area of the High Desert, with a major community. The major metropolitan centers in the region are centered on the cities of Lancaster. Lancaster, the largest city in the High Desert, is located in the Antelope Valley, with Palmdale, the Victor Valley area, which includes such areas as Victorville, Hesperia, Adelanto, Apple Valley, and Lucerne Valley, boasts a population around 335,000. The Barstow area, to the north of Victor Valley, incorporated places are listed in bold. This list includes all places in the broadest definition of High Desert, population figures are most recent information available from the US Census Bureau. Louis LAmours Western novel The Lonesome Gods uses features of the Mojave, popular filming sites The Alabama Hills and Red Rock Canyon have been filming locations for numerous Westerns. Boomtowns that prospered during Route 66 and railroad travel in the early 20th Century including Amboy, Cima and Ludlow, Southern California Logistics Airport is used often for military dramas and action films. Space Cowboys, one of examples that feature Edwards Air Force Base in the 1940s used in experimental test flights. High Desert Broadcasting High Desert Edge Webcast High Desert Information High Desert News
High Desert (California)
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A typical high desert valley in the
Mojave Desert,
Indian Wells Valley with
Ridgecrest, California.
High Desert (California)
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The
Mojave High Desert is famous for its sunsets; as well as its sunrises, as pictured here in
Joshua Tree, California.
High Desert (California)
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Just after sunset
Landers, California
High Desert (California)
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One of many abandoned buildings throughout the Mojave National Preserve. (Cima, CA)
75.
Morongo Basin
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The Morongo Basin is an endorheic basin and valley region located in eastern San Bernardino County, in Southern California. The Morongo basin is part of the Inland Empire region, and is considered to be the easternmost portion of the Greater Los Angeles Area, the 2nd largest metropolitan region in the United States. The drainage basin stretches approximately from the Little San Bernardino Mountains north of Interstate 10 in the south, lying within the Mojave Desert, the Morongo Basin is east of the city of San Bernardino and San Bernardino Mountains, and north of the Coachella Valley and Colorado Desert. The Morongo Basin is located within the Mojave Desert and in the High Desert region of Southern California, the areas elevation can range from 1,950 feet in Twentynine Palms, to 3,000 feet in Yucca Valley. The higher sections of Joshua Tree National Park are within the basin, the terrain in the area is a desert landscape of hills and alluvial fans framed by mountain ranges. The Mojave yucca and the Joshua tree are native plants in the region. The basins habitats are home to Black-tailed jackrabbits, coyotes, Yucca Valley Twentynine Palms Morongo Valley Landers Pioneertown Joshua Tree Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms Wonder Valley The climate is arid desert. Hot, dry summers, cool winters with cold mornings and occasional snow, Snow falls in areas above 1,500 feet in elevation. Joshua Tree National Park supports most of the tourism to the Morongo Basin, the Desert Christ Park sculpture garden is located in Yucca Valley and attracts visitors from all over the nation. Sand to Snow National Monument surrounds the Morongo Valley on all sides, local features within it include, Big Morongo Canyon Preserve on the southern approach to the valley. The Pacific Crest Trail passing through it and the San Gorgonio Wilderness area of the San Bernardino National Forest, Mount San Gorgonio rising above the basin on the west, the highest point in Southern California. The Morongo Basin is home to the Morongo Unified School District, copper Mountain College is the only community college serving the Morongo Basin area, located in Joshua Tree. The nearest four year public university is California State University, San Bernardino north of the city of San Bernardino in University Heights, Morongo Basin Transit Authority Morongo desert snail Mount San Gorgonio Natural history of the Mojave Desert Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve
Morongo Basin
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Twentynine Palms
Morongo Basin
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Joshua Tree National Park lies within the Morongo Basin.
Morongo Basin
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Yucca Valley after the December 2008 winter storm
76.
San Bernardino Mountains
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The San Bernardino Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in Southern California in the United States. Situated north and northeast of San Bernardino and spanning two California counties, the range out at 11,489 feet at San Gorgonio Mountain – the tallest peak in all of Southern California. The San Bernardinos form a significant region of wilderness and are popular for hiking and skiing, the mountains were formed about eleven million years ago by tectonic activity along the San Andreas Fault, and are still actively rising. Many local rivers originate in the range, which receives more precipitation than the surrounding desert. The ranges unique and varying environment allows it to some of the greatest biodiversity in the state. For over 10,000 years, the San Bernardinos and their surrounds have been inhabited by indigenous peoples, Spanish explorers first encountered the San Bernardinos in the late 18th century, naming the eponymous San Bernardino Valley at its base. European settlement of the region progressed slowly until 1860, when the became the focus of the largest gold rush ever to occur in Southern California. Recreational development of the began in the early 20th century. Since then, the mountains have been engineered for transportation. Four major state highways and the California Aqueduct traverse the mountains today, the Morongo Valley in the southeast divides the range from the Little San Bernardino Mountains. Encompassing roughly 2,100 square miles, the mountains lie mostly in San Bernardino County, the range divides three major physiographic regions, the highly urbanized Inland Empire to the southwest, the Coachella Valley in the southeast, and the Mojave Desert to the north. Most of the lies within the boundaries of the San Bernardino National Forest. From its northwestern end, the crest of the mountains rises steadily until they are interrupted by the gorge of Bear Creek, many cities lie at the base of the San Bernardino Mountains. These include San Bernardino, Redlands and Yucaipa in the south, Yucca Valley to the east, in addition, there are several mid-sized to large towns in the mountains themselves, including Big Bear Lake, Big Bear City, Crestline, Lake Arrowhead and Running Springs. Cities within the San Bernardino Mountains total a population of about 44,000, several regional streams and rivers also have their headwaters in the mountains. The principal drainage is provided by the Santa Ana River, which runs westwards into the Pacific Ocean in Orange County, the San Bernardino Mountains are a humid island in the mostly semi-arid southern California coastal plain. Parts of the San Bernardino Mountains have annual totals in excess of 40 inches. Most of the falls between November and March, summers are mostly dry except for infrequent thunderstorms during late summer
San Bernardino Mountains
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The San Bernardinos seen from near Sugarloaf Mountain
San Bernardino Mountains
San Bernardino Mountains
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The range seen looking south from the Big Bear Valley
San Bernardino Mountains
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The mountains are named for the San Bernardino Valley, in turn named by the Spanish in 1810
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San Bernardino Valley
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The San Bernardino Valley is a valley in Southern California. It lies at the base of the Transverse Ranges. Elevation varies from 180 metres on valley floors near Chino, where it increases to about 420 metres near San Bernardino. The valley floor houses roughly over 80% of the over 4 million total population in the Inland Empire region. The San Bernardino Valley was originally inhabited by Californian Native Americans, including people of the Serrano, Cahuilla, the Spanish missionaries established the Politana rancheria in the valley in 1810, an estancia, or ranch outpost, of Mission San Gabriel Arcángel. It was built to graze cattle, and for Indian Reductions of the Serrano people, after being destroyed in a revolt, the estancia was later reestablished as San Bernardino de Sena Estancia in 1830, and is now is a California Historical Landmark and museum in Redlands. From 1829, the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico to Alta California was established and entered the valley from through Crowder Canyon, included were all of the original estencia buildings, the chapel, a tile kiln, a lime kiln, and a grist mill. These emigrants first colonized Politana on the Rancho San Bernardino in 1842, don Lorenzo Trujillo brought the first colony of settlers from New Mexico to settle on land provided by the Lugos about one half mile south of the Indian village of La Politana. Later they moved to found a new village known as La Placita de los Trujillos, american settlers in the region included soldiers from the Mormon Battalion in 1847, after the California Campaign of the Mexican–American War was won by the U. S. Lyman and Charles C. The valley connects several open space areas and beautiful mountain. The San Bernardino Valley is surrounded by nature preserves, national forests, once part of famed U. S. Route 66, the San Bernardino Valley is now crossed by two Interstate routes. Interstate 15 enters the valley from the south, and exits on the north over Cajon Pass to the Mojave Desert, Interstate 10 enters the valley from Pomona on the west, and exits on the east over San Gorgonio Pass to the Colorado Desert and Coachella Valley. Joan Didion, in her essay Some Dreamers of the Golden Dream, the San Bernardino Valley encompasses one of two drainage basins of the Santa Ana River, the Inland Santa Ana Basin. Designated ground water sub-basins include, Chino, Rialto-Colton, Riverside-Arlington, San Bernardino, Yucaipa, also, the San Andreas Fault and San Jacinto Fault zones enter the valley along the San Bernardino Mountains and San Jacinto Mountains, respectively. The two fault lines converge to less than 10 km apart in the city of San Bernardino, usually the areas north of interstate 210 and east of interstate 215 see colder weather in the winter with occasional snowfall. Sage scrub and the Yucca plant are the predominant natural vegetation along washes and uplands, other vegetation consists of a patchwork of grasslands, riparian woodlands, and mixed hardwood forests, which border the valley in the mountains on the north and east. The Santa Ana winds blow into the valley from the Cajon Pass, the seasonal Santa Ana winds are felt particularly strongly in the San Bernardino area as warm and dry air is channeled through nearby Cajon Pass at times during the autumn months. This phenomenon markedly increases the danger in the foothill, canyon
San Bernardino Valley
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San Bernardino Valley
San Bernardino Valley
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San Bernardino Valley, 1909.
San Bernardino Valley
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Downtown San Bernardino
San Bernardino Valley
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Occasional January snowfall in the eastern San Bernardino Valley,
Shandin Hills are visible in the background.
78.
San Jacinto Valley
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The elevation on average is 1500 feet, with the highest points in the foothills south of Hemet and the western slopes of the San Jacinto Mountains. It is home to two cities, Hemet and San Jacinto, the combined population of the valley is over 100,000 residents. The valley is also where the story and play Ramona was set, the valley is also known for being an area of agriculture, which has given way to more urbanized development as time goes on. The first native people settled in the San Jacinto Valley thousands of years ago, later, the Serrano and Cahuilla people arrived. Their villages were located along and near streams and springs and they were hunters and gatherers and they subsisted primarily on small game and acorns. The Soboba Indian Reservation, just east of San Jacinto, is now the home to the descendants of some of these people, the first Spanish explorers entered the San Jacinto Valley in the early 1770s. In 1774, and again in 1775, Col. Juan Bautista de Anza led two expeditions up from Mexico, crossing the Colorado River at Yuma and continuing across the Borrego Desert, for a few years, the Valley was on the main overland route to California. In the early 19th century the area became a ranch for the Spanish Mission San Luis Rey. The area was known as Rancho San Jacinto, when the missions were broken up by the Mexican government, the land was given to José Antonio Estudillo in 1842. This land grant eventually became the towns of San Jacinto and Hemet, there are two incorporated cities in the San Jacinto Valley, Hemet and San Jacinto. The two cities in the valley have experienced a lot of growth since the 1980s, and is one of the areas in the state of California. Hemet has an area of about 27.7 square miles, Hemet was founded in 1887 and was incorporated on January 20,1910. It also makes up most of the valley population, the city is home to the Ramona Bowl which is where Ramona, the official outdoor play of California is performed. Hemet is located at the end of the valley. The city is home to the Western Science Center, and Diamond Valley Lake and this city was also named a Tree City USA by the National Arbor Day Foundation, and is home to the only hospital in the valley. San Jacinto has an area of 25.3 square miles, the population is 45,851 as of a 2013 estimate. It was named after Saint Hyacinth and is located at the end of the valley. The city was founded in 1870, and was incorporated on April 9,1888, making it one of the oldest cities in the county
San Jacinto Valley
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The San Jacinto Valley as seen from the San Jacinto Mountains. The bright street in the middle is Florida Avenue in Hemet
San Jacinto Valley
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The "S" on the mountains just north of San Jacinto
San Jacinto Valley
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Hemet Unified School District Headquarters, built in 2007
79.
Santa Ana Mountains
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The Santa Ana Mountains are a short peninsular mountain range along the coast of Southern California in the United States. They extend for approximately 61 miles southeast of the Los Angeles Basin largely along the border between Orange and Riverside counties, the range starts in the north at the Whittier Fault and Santa Ana Canyon, through which the Santa Ana River flows. To the north of the canyon are the smaller Chino Hills in Los Angeles County, the northernmost summit of the Santa Anas, at 3,045 feet, is Sierra Peak. From there, the summits are Pleasants Peak,4,007 feet, Bedford Peak,3,800 feet. The next two peaks, Modjeska,5,496 feet, and Santiago,5,689 feet, Saddleback, located approximately 20 mi east of Santa Ana, is visible from much of Southern California. South of Saddleback are Trabuco Peak,4,613 feet, Los Pinos Peak,4,510 feet, Elsinore Peak,3,575 feet is included in a subrange called the Elsinore Mountains, which are west of Lake Elsinore. San Mateo Peak 3,591 feet marks the highpoint of this range. Margarita Peak,3,189 feet, and Redonda Mesa,2,825 feet are part of the Santa Margarita Mountains, southeast of the Elsinore Mountains is the Santa Rosa Plateau, named for the Rancho Santa Rosa that once encompassed it. From the foot of the escarpment, the mountains and canyons of De Luz, Sandia Creek and others below it, the range ends roughly at the Santa Margarita River. Much of the range is within the Trabuco Ranger District of the Cleveland National Forest, the Santa Anas include a number of high-mountain streams that flow for all or most of the year, although once out of the foothills these waterways are ephemeral. The northern side of the range is defined by the Santa Ana River, Santiago Creek drains much of the northern part of the range and empties into the Santa Ana River near downtown Orange. Water from the north-east side of the range empties into Temescal Creek which flows north to the Santa Ana River, the southeast end of the range is marked by the Santa Margarita River, which also originates east of the Santa Anas and flows southwest to the Pacific. Runoff from the southeast side of the drains into Murrieta Creek. Irvine Lake, the largest body of water in Orange County, is in the northwest part of the range near Villa Park. The lake is formed by the Santiago Dam, which impounds Santiago Creek, the climate is Mediterranean, with warm dry summers and cool wet winters. Annual precipitation totals range from 20 to 30 inches in the parts of the range above 3,000 feet. Most of the falls between November and March. The western slope is generally moister than the eastern slope, snow only falls in winter on the highest peaks
Santa Ana Mountains
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(2008)
Santa Ana Mountains
Santa Ana Mountains
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San Mateo Canyon Wilderness, southern Santa Ana Mountains, April 2007. Note the chaparral vegetation type, typical of the range
Santa Ana Mountains
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The Santa Ana Mountains as seen from
Mission Viejo (December 2013) - The two highest peaks, Modjeska (left) and Santiago (right), form
Saddleback.
United States of America
California
Riverside
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