The Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock is a federal department in Brazil. The jurisdiction of this ministry is to formulate and implement policies for agribusiness development, integrating the aspects of market, technological, organizational and environmental care for the consumers of the country and abroad, promoting food security, income generation and employment, reducing inequalities and increasing social inclusion.

Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena, often referred to as Afonso Pena, was a Brazilian lawyer, professor and politician who served as the 6th president of Brazil from 1906 until his death in 1909. Pena was elected in 1906, the chosen successor of president Rodrigues Alves. Pena was the first politician from Minas Gerais to win the presidency, ending the series of São Paulo politicians who had held the presidency since 1894. Before his presidency, he served as the 4th Vice President of Brazil under Rodrigues Alves (1903–1906) after the death of Silviano Brandão. Pena was a monarchist. He was the only member of emperor Pedro II's cabinet to become president of Brazil and the first Brazilian president to die in office.