Sicilia (Roman province)
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Sicilia was the first province acquired by the Roman Republic, encompassing the island of Sicily. The western part of the island was brought under Roman control in 241 BC at the conclusion of the First Punic War with Carthage. A praetor was regularly assigned to the island from c. 227 BC. The Kingdom of Syracuse under Hieron II remained an independent ally of Rome until its defeat in 212 BC during the Second Punic War. Thereafter the province included the whole of the island of Sicily, the island of Malta, and the smaller island groups.
Philistis, wife of Hiero II, depicted on a tetradrachm minted between 218 and 214 BC
Hieronymus, King of Syracuse (215 BC), depicted on one of his coins.
The burning glass allegedly used by Archimedes in the defense of Syracuse in 212 BC, depicted in the frontespiece of Opticae Thesaurus
The regiones of Augustan Italy (around AD 7)
Roman province
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The Roman provinces were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as governor.
Roman Empire under Augustus (31 BC – AD 14), showing the empire as of 31 BC in yellow, additions to 19 BC in dark green, additions in 9 BC in light green, and additions to AD 6 in pale green. Client states in mauve.