1.
Schweiz
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Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a federal republic in Europe. It consists of 26 cantons, and the city of Bern is the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in western-Central Europe, and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km2. The establishment of the Old Swiss Confederacy dates to the medieval period, resulting from a series of military successes against Austria. Swiss independence from the Holy Roman Empire was formally recognized in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. The country has a history of armed neutrality going back to the Reformation, it has not been in a state of war internationally since 1815, nevertheless, it pursues an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world. In addition to being the birthplace of the Red Cross, Switzerland is home to international organisations. On the European level, it is a member of the European Free Trade Association. However, it participates in the Schengen Area and the European Single Market through bilateral treaties, spanning the intersection of Germanic and Romance Europe, Switzerland comprises four main linguistic and cultural regions, German, French, Italian and Romansh. Due to its diversity, Switzerland is known by a variety of native names, Schweiz, Suisse, Svizzera. On coins and stamps, Latin is used instead of the four living languages, Switzerland is one of the most developed countries in the world, with the highest nominal wealth per adult and the eighth-highest per capita gross domestic product according to the IMF. Zürich and Geneva have each been ranked among the top cities in the world in terms of quality of life, with the former ranked second globally, according to Mercer. The English name Switzerland is a compound containing Switzer, a term for the Swiss. The English adjective Swiss is a loan from French Suisse, also in use since the 16th century. The name Switzer is from the Alemannic Schwiizer, in origin an inhabitant of Schwyz and its associated territory, the Swiss began to adopt the name for themselves after the Swabian War of 1499, used alongside the term for Confederates, Eidgenossen, used since the 14th century. The data code for Switzerland, CH, is derived from Latin Confoederatio Helvetica. The toponym Schwyz itself was first attested in 972, as Old High German Suittes, ultimately related to swedan ‘to burn’
2.
Schweizerische Nationalbibliothek
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The Swiss National Library is part of the Federal Office of Culture. The Swiss National Library is intended to be open to all and it is a heritage site of national significance. The institution has been going through a period of change since 1990 and this phase was given the name of RAMSES, Reorganisation for an Automated Management System and Enhanced Services. 1894 The Council of States and the National Council ratify the decision by which the Swiss National Library is founded. 1895 The institution starts work on May 2 in an apartment at No 7 Christoffelgasse in Berne. The collected works are opened to the four years later in the Federal Archive Building. 1901 The Swiss national bibliography Bibliographisches Bulletin der Schweizerischen Landesbibliothek is published for the first time,1911 The Federal law enacts the Swiss National Library. 1915 The Swiss National Library and the Swiss publishers came to an agreement,1928 The Swiss Union Catalogue is created. 1931 Move to the Librarys present premises at No 15 Hallwylstrasse,1989 The National Library becomes part of the Federal Office of Culture Affairs. 1991 At the instigation of Friedrich Dürrenmatt, the Swiss Literary Archives are inaugurated,1992 The Parliament votes the new law on the Swiss National Library. 1993 VTLS library management software is introduced 1994 Access to Helveticat,1995 Swiss ISSN Centre is opened. The same year the Swiss National Library takes part in the foundation of MEMORIAV,1996 The Swiss Posters catalogue goes on line. 1997 Inauguration of the underground stacks east 2000 Inauguration of the Centre Dürrenmatt Neuchâtel,2001 The Swiss National Library returns to its premises which had been considerably renovated and enlarged. 2003 SwissInfoDesk, a commented list of relevant links about Swiss topics,2005 The Swiss National Library launches the project Virtual information about Switzerland, a partnership between libraries. The participating libraries transfer the readers demands to the library which is specialised in the field,2006 The Swiss National Library is run according to the principles of New Public Management. 2009 Inauguration of the underground stacks west 2011 The Swiss Literary Archives begin collecting in a new area and acquire their first publisher’s archive,2011 The e-Helvetica electronic collections are accessible for research. 2012 Strategy 2012–2019, The future is digital, staatsarchiv Zürich Swiss Book Swiss Federal Archives Official website Swiss National Library in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland
3.
Schweizer Plakatsammlung
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Das Plakat in der Schweiz, mit 376 Kurzbiographien von Plakatgestalterinnen und Plakatgestaltern. 50 years Swiss posters selected by the Federal department of home affairs, genève, Société générale daffichage / Bern, Kümmerly + Frey,1991. Ausgezeichnet vom Eidgenössischen Departement des Innern, genève, Société générale daffichage, 1976–1999 Federal Archives of Switzerland Swiss Film Archive Swiss Posters Collection website The Swiss Posters Collection at the Online Magazine Typetoken
4.
Schweizerisches Literaturarchiv
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The Swiss Literary Archives in Bern collects literary estates in all four national languages of Switzerland. It is part of the Swiss National Library operated by the Federal Office of Culture within the Federal Department of Home Affairs, the archives were founded in 1991 and are located in the building of the Swiss National Library. The foundation can be tracked back to the last will of the writer Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Dürrenmatt gave his literary remains to the state, but under the condition that the state establishes a national archive for literature
5.
WorldCat
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WorldCat is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of 72,000 libraries in 170 countries and territories that participate in the Online Computer Library Center global cooperative. It is operated by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc, the subscribing member libraries collectively maintain WorldCats database. OCLC was founded in 1967 under the leadership of Fred Kilgour and that same year, OCLC began to develop the union catalog technology that would later evolve into WorldCat, the first catalog records were added in 1971. It contains more than 330 million records, representing over 2 billion physical and digital assets in 485 languages and it is the worlds largest bibliographic database. OCLC makes WorldCat itself available free to libraries, but the catalog is the foundation for other subscribtion OCLC services, in 2006, it became possible to search WorldCat directly at its website. In 2007, WorldCat Identities began providing pages for 20 million identities, predominantly authors, WorldCat operates on a batch processing model rather than a real-time model. That is, WorldCat records are synchronized at intermittent intervals with the library catalogs instead of real-time or every day. Consequently, WorldCat shows that an item is owned by a particular library. WorldCat does not indicate whether or not an item is borrowed, lost, undergoing restoration or repair. Furthermore, WorldCat does not show whether or not a library owns multiple copies of a particular title, copac Faceted Application of Subject Terminology Library and Archives Canada Research Libraries UK Online Computer Library Center Grossman, Wendy M. Why you cant find a book in your search engine. Official website OCLC - Web scale discovery and delivery of library resources OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards WorldCat Identities
6.
Universitätsbibliothek Basel
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The Basel University Library is one of the largest libraries in Switzerland. The library is located at the University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 18/20,4056, Basel, the local name for the library is Universitätsbibliothek. It contains more than 3,000,000 documents including 1,750 medieval manuscripts and its collection includes numerous incunabula and manuscripts dating from the time of the Council of Basel. The majority of resources are freely available to the public. The University Library of Basel is the library of the University of Basel. The first written evidence of the librarys existence dates from the year 1471, the library began compiling its catalogue in volumes from 1559 to 1889, when began organizing its material by a so-called „Zettelform“. This was later changed to a subject heading catalogue in 1939, in 1886, ten years before the library was moved to its own building, the first curatorial librarian was employed. Between 1962 and 1968, the current location was found. The library of medicine was founded, in 1978, as a subsidiary of the original library. In 1988 the OPAC, the library of the Economics faculty, in 1995 electronic borrowing was activated and the open stacks were put into service. Popular, public access to the internet has been possible for the public since 1997, the University Library collects various subject publications without restriction, but focuses on humanities, social and natural sciences, and medicine. If there is scientific interest in literature, it is included as well. The University Library is responsible for the provision of research. The University Library also contains the library of medicine and the library of the Centre for Economic Science, many of the departmental libraries are affiliated with the network of German-speaking Switzerland. At the same time the University Library serves as canton library for Basel City, in this role it collects all publications by residents of Basel, as well as everything about Basel and its inhabitants, as an informal dépot legal, a depository library. The collections are complemented by the faculty libraries, general libraries of the GGG, the library is open to anyone older than 14, as well as people who live and work in Switzerland and cross-border regions, members of the university and the EUCOR-universities. Registration and use of the library are free of charge, if the book is either borrowed or not in the stacks, it can directly be taken from the self-service section. David H. Stam, ed. International Dictionary of Library Histories, website of the Basel University Library John Locke Manuscripts
7.
Berner Fachhochschule
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The Bern University of Applied Sciences is a public vocational university with a strong national and international profile. It comprises six departments and also incorporates the Higher Technical School of Wood, BFH is currently spread across 26 locations in Bern, Biel, Burgdorf, Magglingen and Zollikofen. The Biel campus is expected to open in Autumn 2021, the consolidation of the Department of Business, Health and Social Work and the Bern University of the Arts onto one campus in Bern is planned for Autumn 2023. The following table shows how student numbers at the Bern University of Applied Sciences have grown since the University was founded in 1997,1 Figures as of 31 December2 Degree programmes prior to the Bologna Reform 3 Only MAS/EMBA students. From 2014 onwards, non-matriculated MAS/EMBA students are included in the statistics for BFHs areas of activity. List of largest universities by enrollment in Switzerland Bern University of Applied Sciences Website
8.
Schweizerische Nationalbank
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The Swiss National Bank is the central bank of Switzerland, and is therefore responsible for the monetary policy of the nation of Switzerland and also for the issuing of Swiss franc banknotes. The SNB is an aktiengesellschaft under special regulations, and has two offices, one is in Bern and the other one in Zurich. The bank formed as a result of the need for a reduction in the number of banks of issue, in the 1874 revision of the Federal Constitution it was given the task to oversee laws concerning the issuing of banknotes. Then in 1891 the Federal Constitution was revised again to entrust the Confederation with sole rights to issue banknotes. The National Bank Law was enforced on 16 January 1906, and the Nationalbank began business activities on 20 June 1907, SNB itself states that it was founded in 1907. Sometime during World War I, the bank was instructed to release notes of a denomination, for the first time. In 1981 the bank participated in research involving Orell Füssli and a research group named Landis and Gyr. During 1994 the Bank was described as a joint-stock company acting under the administration and supervision of the Confederation and it had eight branches and twenty sub-branches within cantons. There were three members of the board, who together decided the monetary policy of the Nationalbank. Towards the end of 1993, there were 566 employees, with the inception of Article 99 of the Federal Constitution, in May 2004, the Nationalbank achieved formal independence. As of 2015 the Nationalbank was privately owned, with the majority of shares belonging to cantons and banks of cantons, shares of the SNB existed within SIX Swiss Exchange from 1907 onward. The Nationalbank made an announcement on 6 September 2011, of its intention to address changes in the value of the Swiss Franc to the Euro, more specifically, that it wanted the value of the Franc to fall below 1.2 to the Euro. A cap was placed on exchange-rates in order to take measures to stem the development of a possible recession, the bank stated the 1.2 exchange value was defendable as the bank could potentially proceed to mint enough banknotes to control the rate sufficiently. The bank announced on January 15,2015 the Euro currency arrangement would end as the Euro crisis had passed, the basic governing principles of the Nationalbank are contained within Article 99 of the Federal Constitution, which deals with matters of monetary policy. There are three numbered factors concerning principles explicitly mentioning the Nationalbank, of four altogether shown within the Article, the National Bank is entrusted with the note-issuing privilege. It supplies the economy with banknotes that meet high standards with respect to quality and security and it is also charged by the Confederation with the task of coin distribution. In the field of cashless payment transactions, the National Bank provides services for payments between banks and these are settled in the Swiss Interbank Clearing system via sight deposit accounts held with the National Bank. The National Bank manages currency reserves and these engender confidence in the Swiss franc, help to prevent and overcome crises and may be utilized for interventions in the foreign exchange market
