1.
New Zealand
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New Zealand /njuːˈziːlənd/ is an island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses—the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Māui, and the South Island, or Te Waipounamu—and around 600 smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal, the countrys varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealands capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland, sometime between 1250 and 1300 CE, Polynesians settled in the islands that later were named New Zealand and developed a distinctive Māori culture. In 1642, Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European to sight New Zealand, in 1840, representatives of Britain and Māori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi, which declared British sovereignty over the islands. In 1841, New Zealand became a colony within the British Empire, today, the majority of New Zealands population of 4.7 million is of European descent, the indigenous Māori are the largest minority, followed by Asians and Pacific Islanders. Reflecting this, New Zealands culture is derived from Māori and early British settlers. The official languages are English, Māori and New Zealand Sign Language, New Zealand is a developed country and ranks highly in international comparisons of national performance, such as health, education, economic freedom and quality of life. Since the 1980s, New Zealand has transformed from an agrarian, Queen Elizabeth II is the countrys head of state and is represented by a governor-general. In addition, New Zealand is organised into 11 regional councils and 67 territorial authorities for local government purposes, the Realm of New Zealand also includes Tokelau, the Cook Islands and Niue, and the Ross Dependency, which is New Zealands territorial claim in Antarctica. New Zealand is a member of the United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, ANZUS, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Pacific Islands Forum, and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. Dutch explorer Abel Tasman sighted New Zealand in 1642 and called it Staten Landt, in 1645, Dutch cartographers renamed the land Nova Zeelandia after the Dutch province of Zeeland. British explorer James Cook subsequently anglicised the name to New Zealand, Aotearoa is the current Māori name for New Zealand. It is unknown whether Māori had a name for the country before the arrival of Europeans. Māori had several names for the two main islands, including Te Ika-a-Māui for the North Island and Te Waipounamu or Te Waka o Aoraki for the South Island. Early European maps labelled the islands North, Middle and South, in 1830, maps began to use North and South to distinguish the two largest islands and by 1907, this was the accepted norm. The New Zealand Geographic Board discovered in 2009 that the names of the North Island and South Island had never been formalised and this set the names as North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui, and South Island or Te Waipounamu
2.
Internet
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The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite to link devices worldwide. The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the United States federal government in the 1960s to build robust, the primary precursor network, the ARPANET, initially served as a backbone for interconnection of regional academic and military networks in the 1980s. Although the Internet was widely used by academia since the 1980s, Internet use grew rapidly in the West from the mid-1990s and from the late 1990s in the developing world. In the two decades since then, Internet use has grown 100-times, measured for the period of one year, newspaper, book, and other print publishing are adapting to website technology, or are reshaped into blogging, web feeds and online news aggregators. The entertainment industry was initially the fastest growing segment on the Internet, the Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of personal interactions through instant messaging, Internet forums, and social networking. Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries, the Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage, each constituent network sets its own policies. The term Internet, when used to refer to the global system of interconnected Internet Protocol networks, is a proper noun. In common use and the media, it is not capitalized. Some guides specify that the word should be capitalized when used as a noun, the Internet is also often referred to as the Net, as a short form of network. Historically, as early as 1849, the word internetted was used uncapitalized as an adjective, the designers of early computer networks used internet both as a noun and as a verb in shorthand form of internetwork or internetworking, meaning interconnecting computer networks. The terms Internet and World Wide Web are often used interchangeably in everyday speech, however, the World Wide Web or the Web is only one of a large number of Internet services. The Web is a collection of interconnected documents and other web resources, linked by hyperlinks, the term Interweb is a portmanteau of Internet and World Wide Web typically used sarcastically to parody a technically unsavvy user. The ARPANET project led to the development of protocols for internetworking, the third site was the Culler-Fried Interactive Mathematics Center at the University of California, Santa Barbara, followed by the University of Utah Graphics Department. In an early sign of growth, fifteen sites were connected to the young ARPANET by the end of 1971. These early years were documented in the 1972 film Computer Networks, early international collaborations on the ARPANET were rare. European developers were concerned with developing the X.25 networks, in December 1974, RFC675, by Vinton Cerf, Yogen Dalal, and Carl Sunshine, used the term internet as a shorthand for internetworking and later RFCs repeated this use. Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981 when the National Science Foundation funded the Computer Science Network, in 1982, the Internet Protocol Suite was standardized, which permitted worldwide proliferation of interconnected networks.5 Mbit/s and 45 Mbit/s. Commercial Internet service providers emerged in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the ARPANET was decommissioned in 1990
3.
Kiwi (people)
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Kiwi is the nickname used internationally for people from New Zealand, as well as being a relatively common self-reference. The name derives from the kiwi, a bird, which is native to. Unlike many demographic labels, its usage is not considered offensive, it is viewed as a symbol of pride. In the early 1900s New Zealanders—including soldiers and the All Blacks—were referred to as En Zeds, Fernleaves and this usage was still in place near the end of World War I. However, although New Zealand soldiers were described as Diggers or Pig Islanders. The kiwi had appeared on military badges since the South Canterbury Battalion used it in 1886, Kiwi came to mean first the men of New Zealand regiments and then all New Zealanders. Many troops stayed in Europe for months or years until transport home could be arranged, the Oxford English Dictionary gives the first use of the Kiwi to mean New Zealander in 1918, in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force Chronicles. The nickname Kiwis for New Zealand servicemen eventually became common usage in all war theatres, following World War II the term was gradually attributed to all New Zealanders and today, throughout the world they are referred to as Kiwis, as well as often referring to themselves that way. Spelling of the word Kiwi, when used to describe the people, is often capitalised, the birds name is spelt with a lower-case k and, being a word of Māori origin, normally stays as kiwi when pluralised. Thus, two Kiwis refers to two people, whereas two kiwi refers to two birds and this linguistic nicety is well exemplified by the BNZ Save the Kiwi Conservation Trust, which uses the slogan Kiwis saving kiwi. kiwi, an internet domain name
4.
Television New Zealand
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Television New Zealand, Limited, more commonly referred to as TVNZ, is a government-owned national broadcaster broadcasting in New Zealand and parts of the Pacific region. Although the network identifies as a national, part-public broadcaster, it is fully commercially funded and this began the battle for ratings with the only real rival MediaWorks New Zealand, which currently operates channels TV3, Bravo, and The Edge TV. However, the company maintains a number of transmission advantages due to their long standing relationship with the state-owned sister company Kordia. Its former channels include TVNZ Kidzone, TVNZ Heartland, TVNZ U, TVNZ7, TVNZ6, the TVNZ board is appointed by Minister of Broadcasting Amy Adams. Members are, the chairman Sir John Anderson KBE, Anne Blackburn, Bryan Gould CNZM, Sir John Goulter, KNZM, JP, June McCabe, approximately 90% of TVNZs revenue is from commercial activity. The remainder of its funding comes from government funding agencies, TVNZ was created in 1980, through the merger of Television One and South Pacific Television. Until 1988, it was paired with Radio New Zealand as the Broadcasting Corporation of New Zealand, in 1989, TVNZ moved to a new television centre in central Auckland. Broadcasting in New Zealand was deregulated in 1989, the Labour-led government under Helen Clark from 1999 to 2008 pursued a programme of public broadcasting reforms. New Zealands wide-ranging adoption of policies in the mid-1980s and 1990s had large sections of the state sector privatised. As a state owned enterprise, TVNZ enjoyed enormous commercial success, the Clark governments highest profile broadcasting reform to date was the restructuring of TVNZ as a Crown Entity in 2003. This introduced a dual remit whereby the broadcaster had to maintain its performance while simultaneously implementing a new public service Charter. The TVNZ Charter would require the negotiation and reconciliation of potentially contradictory commercial, the final version of the TVNZ Charter included a range of public service objectives and expectations. TVNZ continues to pay dividends to the Crown, however, from 2006 until 2009 TVNZ received $15.11 million each year from Government to assist it with fulfilling Charter obligations. There was much debate about the secrecy surrounding funding allocations. The allocation of $5 million toward coverage of the 2008 Olympics, in 2009 the Government gave control of that funding to funding agency NZ On Air. NZ On Air announced the creation of the contestable Platinum Fund in April 2009, setting aside the $15.11 million for high quality drama, documentary and other programme types. Following the election of a National Party-led government under John Key in 2008, there is much debate on the future of TVNZ, which focuses on the nature of public service broadcasting and its commercial role. An example was in a memo called A More Public Broadcaster written by outgoing Chief Executive Ian Fraser to the board of TVNZ in October 2005, was obtained and released by Green MP Sue Kedgley
5.
GoDaddy
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GoDaddy Inc. is an American publicly traded Internet domain registrar and web hosting company. As of December 2014, GoDaddy served approximately 13 million customers and had 4,908 employees worldwide, the company is known for its advertising. It has been involved in controversies related to censorship. GoDaddy was founded in 1997 by Baltimore, Maryland, entrepreneur Bob Parsons, prior to GoDaddy, Parsons sold his financial software services company, Parsons Technology, Inc. to Intuit for $64m in 1994. Parsons came out of his retirement in 1997 to launch Jomax Technologies, GoDaddy received a strategic investment from top venture capital funds, KKR, Silver Lake, and Technology Crossover Ventures. In 1999, a group of employees at Jomax Technologies were brainstorming, an employee said, How about Big Daddy. However, the name had already been purchased. Parsons replied, How about Go Daddy, the name was available, so he bought it. Parsons said the company stuck with the name because it made people smile, the company changed its name branding from Go Daddy to GoDaddy in February 2006. In 2001, soon after Network Solutions was no longer the place to register a domain, GoDaddy was approximately the same size as competitors Dotster. In April 2005, GoDaddy became the largest ICANN-accredited registrar on the Internet, in July 2012, GoDaddy announced it would acquire Outright for an undisclosed amount. In August 2013, GoDaddy announced it would acquire Locu for $70 million, in September 2013, GoDaddy acquired domain marketplace Afternic from NameMedia. GoDaddy will also acquire domain parking service SmartName and business name generator NameFind, on October 15,2013, GoDaddy acquired web hosting service provider Media Temple. In a newsletter sent to its customers, Media Temple said that they will continue operating as an independent, in July 2014, GoDaddy acquired Canary, a small Cambridge-based smart calendar service. On August 20,2014, GoDaddy acquired Mad Mimi, a Brooklyn-based email marketing service, in April 2015 and November 2015, GoDaddy acquired the domain portfolios of Marchex and Worldwide Media respectively. On May 17,2016, GoDaddy acquired FreedomVoice for $42 million in cash, FreedomVoice is a provider of cloud-based VoIP phone systems across the United States. On December 6,2016, GoDaddy announced its acquisition of Host Europe Group, in 2013, GoDaddy was reported as the largest ICANN-accredited registrar in the world, at the size of four times their closest competitor. They also have a 270,000 square foot facility in Phoenix,2010 – BBB of Great Arizona Business Ethics Awards finalist
6.
.eus
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. eus is the top-level domain for the Basque language. In 2008, dotCYMRU, dotEUS, dotSCOT, and dotBZH formed ECLID, on 10 June 2013, ICANN approved the creation of the domain. However, use of the name was restricted until March–April 2014
New Zealand