1,000,000,000

1000000000
List of numbers — Integers ← 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109
Cardinal	One billion (short scale) One thousand million, or one milliard (long scale)
Ordinal	One billionth (short scale)
Factorization	29 · 59
Greek numeral	${\displaystyle {\stackrel {\iota }{\mathrm {M} }}}$
Roman numeral	M
Binary	1110111001101011001010000000002
Ternary	21202002000210100013
Quaternary	3232122302200004
Quinary	40220000000005
Senary	2431212453446
Octal	73465450008
Duodecimal	23AA9385412
Hexadecimal	3B9ACA0016
Vigesimal	FCA000020
Base 36	GJDGXS36

1,000,000,000 (one billion, short scale; one thousand million or milliard, yard,^[1] long scale) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001. One billion can also be written as b or bn.^[2][3]

In scientific notation, it is written as 1 × 10⁹. The metric prefix giga indicates 1,000,000,000 times the base unit. Its symbol is G.

One billion years may be called eon/aeon in astronomy or geology.

Previously in British English (but not in American English), the word "billion" referred exclusively to a million millions (1,000,000,000,000). However, this is no longer as common as earlier, and the word has been used to mean one thousand million (1,000,000,000) for some time.^[4] The alternative term "one thousand million" is mainly used in the U.K., or countries such as Spain that uses "one thousand million" as one million million constitutes a billion. The worded figure, as opposed to the numerical figure (one thousand million/1,000,000,000) is used to differentiate between "one thousand million" or "one billion".

The term milliard can also be used to refer to 1,000,000,000; whereas "milliard" is seldom used in English,^[5] variations on this name often appear in other languages.

In the South Asian numbering system, it is known as 100 crore or 1 arab.

Visualisation of powers of ten from one to 1 billion

Sense of scale[edit]

The facts below give a sense of how large 1,000,000,000 (10⁹) is in the context of time according to current scientific evidence:

Time[edit]

• 10⁹ seconds is 114 days short of 32 calendar years (≈ 31.7 years).
• More precisely, a billion seconds is exactly 31 years, 8 months, 2 weeks, 1 day, 17 hours, 46 minutes, and 40 seconds.
• About 10⁹ minutes ago, the Roman Empire was flourishing and Christianity was emerging. (10⁹ minutes is roughly 1,901 years.)
• About 10⁹ hours ago, modern human beings and their ancestors were living in the Stone Age (more precisely, the Middle Paleolithic). (10⁹ hours is roughly 114,080 years.)
• About 10⁹ days ago, Australopithecus, an ape-like creature related to an ancestor of modern humans, roamed the African savannas. (10⁹ days is roughly 2.738 million years.)
• About 10⁹ months ago, dinosaurs walked the Earth during the late Cretaceous. (10⁹ months is roughly 83.3 million years.)
• About 10⁹ years—a gigaannus—ago, the first multicellular eukaryotes appeared on Earth.
• About 10⁹ decades ago, galaxies began to appear in the early Universe which was then 3.799 billion years old. (10⁹ decades is roughly 10 billion years.)
• It takes approximately 95 years to count from one to one billion in a single sitting.^[6]
• The universe is thought to be about 13.8 × 10⁹ years old.^[7]

Distance[edit]

• 10⁹ inches is 15,783 miles (25,400 km), more than halfway around the world and thus sufficient to reach any point on the globe from any other point.
• 10⁹ metres (called a gigametre) is almost three times the distance from the Earth to the Moon.
• 10⁹ kilometres (called a terameter) is over six times the distance from the Earth to the Sun.

Area[edit]

• A billion square inches would be a square about one half mile on a side.
• A piece of finely woven bed sheet cloth that contained a billion holes would measure about 500 square feet (46 m²), large enough to cover a moderate sized apartment.

Volume[edit]

• There are a billion cubic millimetres in a cubic metre and there are a billion cubic metres in a cubic kilometre.
• A billion grains of table salt or granulated sugar would occupy a volume of about 2.5 cubic feet (0.071 m³).
• A billion cubic inches would be a volume comparable to a large commercial building slightly larger than a typical supermarket.

Weight[edit]

• Any object that weighs one billion kilograms (2.2×10⁹ lb) would weigh about as much as 5,525 empty Boeing 747-400s.
• A cube of iron that weighs one billion pounds (450,000,000 kg) would be 1,521 feet 4 inches (0.28813 mi; 463.70 m) on each side.

Products[edit]

• As of July 2016, Apple has sold one billion iPhones.^[8] This makes the iPhone one of the most successful product lines in history, surpassing the PlayStation and the Rubik's Cube.
• As of July 2016, Facebook has 1.71 billion users.^[9]

Nature[edit]

• A small mountain, slightly larger than Stone Mountain in Georgia, United States, would weigh (have a mass of) a billion tons.
• There are billions of worker ants in the largest ant colony in the world,^[10] which covers almost 4,000 miles (6,400 km) of the Mediterranean coast.
• In 1804, the world population was one billion.

Count[edit]

A is a cube; B consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube A, C consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube B; and D consists of 1000 cubes the size of cube C. Thus there are 1 million A-sized cubes in C; and 1,000,000,000 A-sized cubes in D.

Selected 10-digit numbers (1,000,000,001–9,999,999,999)[edit]

1,000,000,001 to 1,999,999,999[edit]

• 1,000,000,007 – smallest prime number with 10 digits.^[11]
• 1,023,456,789 – smallest pandigital number in base 10.
• 1,026,753,849 – smallest pandigital square that includes 0.
• 1,073,676,287 – 15th Carol number.^[12]
• 1,073,741,824 – 2³⁰
• 1,073,807,359 – 14th Kynea number.^[13]
• 1,111,111,111 – repdigit, also a special number relating to the passing of Unix time.
• 1,129,760,415 – 23rd Motzkin number.^[14]
• 1,134,903,170 – 45th Fibonacci number.
• 1,162,261,467 – 3¹⁹
• 1,220,703,125 – 5¹³
• 1,232,922,769 – Centered hexagonal number.
• 1,234,567,890 – pandigital number with the digits in order.
• 1,311,738,121 – 25th Pell number.^[15]
• 1,382,958,545 – 15th Bell number.^[16]
• 1,406,818,759 – 30th Wedderburn–Etherington number.^[17]
• 1,475,789,056 – 14⁸
• 1,631,432,881 – Triangular square number.
• 1,836,311,903 – 46th Fibonacci number.
• 1,882,341,361 – The least prime whose reversal is both square (40391²) and triangular (triangular of 57121).
• 1,977,326,743 – 7¹¹

2,000,000,000 to 2,999,999,999[edit]

• 2,038,074,743 – 100,000,000th prime number
• 2,147,483,647 – 8th Mersenne prime and the largest signed 32-bit integer.
• 2,147,483,648 – 2³¹
• 2,176,782,336 – 6¹²
• 2,214,502,422 – 6th primary pseudoperfect number.^[18]
• 2,357,947,691 – 11⁹
• 2,562,890,625 – 15⁸
• 2,971,215,073 – 11th Fibonacci prime (47th Fibonacci number).

3,000,000,000 to 3,999,999,999[edit]

• 3,166,815,962 – 26th Pell number.^[15]
• 3,192,727,797 – 24th Motzkin number.^[14]
• 3,323,236,238 – 31st Wedderburn–Etherington number.^[17]
• 3,405,691,582 – hexadecimal CAFEBABE; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,405,697,037 – hexadecimal CAFED00D; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,735,928,559 – hexadecimal DEADBEEF; used as a placeholder in programming.
• 3,486,784,401 – 3²⁰

4,000,000,000 to 4,999,999,999[edit]

• 4,294,836,223 – 16th Carol number.^[12]
• 4,294,967,291 – Largest prime 32-bit unsigned integer.
• 4,294,967,295 – Maximum 32-bit unsigned integer (FFFFFFFF₁₆), perfect totient number, product of the five prime Fermat numbers ${\displaystyle F_{0}}$ through ${\displaystyle F_{4}}$.
• 4,294,967,296 – 2³²
• 4,294,967,297 – ${\displaystyle F_{5}}$, the first composite Fermat number.
• 4,295,098,367 – 15th Kynea number.^[13]
• 4,807,526,976 – 48th Fibonacci number.

5,000,000,000 to 5,999,999,999[edit]

• 5,159,780,352 – 12⁹
• 5,784,634,181 – 13th alternating factorial.^[19]

6,000,000,000 to 6,999,999,999[edit]

• 6,103,515,625 – 5¹⁴
• 6,210,001,000 – only self-descriptive number in base 10.
• 6,227,020,800 – 13!
• 6,975,757,441 – 17⁸
• 6,983,776,800 – 15th colossally abundant number,^[20] 15th superior highly composite number^[21]

7,000,000,000 to 7,999,999,999[edit]

• 7,645,370,045 – 27th Pell number.^[15]
• 7,778,742,049 – 49th Fibonacci number.
• 7,862,958,391 – 32nd Wedderburn–Etherington number.^[17]

8,000,000,000 to 8,999,999,999[edit]

• 8,589,869,056 – 6th perfect number.^[22]
• 8,589,934,592 – 2³³

9,000,000,000 to 9,999,999,999[edit]

• 9,043,402,501 – 25th Motzkin number.^[14]
• 9,814,072,356 – largest square pandigital number, largest pandigital pure power.
• 9,876,543,210 – largest number without redundant digits.
• 9,999,999,967 – greatest prime number with 10 digits.^[23]

References[edit]