1.
The Doctor (Doctor Who)
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The Doctor is the title character and protagonist in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who. The character has also featured in one made-for-television film. In the programme, the Doctor is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in his TARDIS, since the shows inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors. The War Doctor and an aborted regeneration are counted in his previous cycle of twelve regenerations, a number of other actors have played the character in stage and audio plays, as well as in various film and television productions. The character has been well received by the public, with his enduring popularity leading The Daily Telegraph to dub him Britains favourite alien. On 30 January 2017, Capaldi confirmed that the series would be his last. His kind have dedicated themselves to overseeing all of time and space without interference, the Doctor chose to leave his home by stealing an obsolete TARDIS model as revealed in the 1969 serial The War Games and depicted in the 2013 episode The Name of the Doctor. With this vehicle, the Doctor explores the universe with usually human companions who serve as audience surrogate characters to ask questions which allow the Doctor to provide relevant exposition, spin-off media offer the explanation that his true name is unpronounceable by humans. In The Name of the Doctor, the Eleventh Doctor tells companion Clara Oswald that the name Doctor is essentially a promise he made, the promise itself is revealed in The Day of the Doctor, Never cruel nor cowardly. The Doctors earlier life and childhood on Gallifrey has been little described, the classic programme refers to his time at the Academy and his affiliation with the notoriously devious Prydonian chapter of Time Lords. Some are inspired, some go mad and some run away, when asked to which group he belonged, he replied, Oh, the ones that ran away, I never stopped. In the Armageddon Factor, it is revealed that the Doctor scraped through the Academy with 51% on his second attempt, in The Time Meddler, it is said that the Doctor was fifty years before the Meddling Monk. In Time and the Rani, the Doctor claims to have attended University alongside the Rani, specialising in thermodynamics. In The Time Monster, the Doctor says he grew up in a house on a mountainside and he is later reunited with this former mentor, now on Earth posing as the abbot Kanpo Rimpoche, in Planet of the Spiders. In other media, more has been revealed of the Doctors early life, in the Past Doctor Adventures novel Divided Loyalties, the Doctor recalls his Academy years in a dream induced by the Celestial Toymaker. With this group, he learns about the Celestial Toymaker and travels to his realm in a type 18 TARDIS with Deca members Rallon and Millennia and this leads to the Doctors expulsion from the Academy, condemned to five hundred years in Records and Traffic Control. In The Quantum Archangel, it is revealed the Doctor studied cosmic science alongside the Master, feeling that too much of the Doctors backstory had been revealed by the Seventh Doctors era, writers Andrew Cartmel, Ben Aaronovitch and Marc Platt developed a new direction for the series. Cartmel wished to restore the awe, mystery and strength
2.
Ancient Rome
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In its many centuries of existence, the Roman state evolved from a monarchy to a classical republic and then to an increasingly autocratic empire. Through conquest and assimilation, it came to dominate the Mediterranean region and then Western Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa and it is often grouped into classical antiquity together with ancient Greece, and their similar cultures and societies are known as the Greco-Roman world. Ancient Roman civilisation has contributed to modern government, law, politics, engineering, art, literature, architecture, technology, warfare, religion, language and society. Rome professionalised and expanded its military and created a system of government called res publica, the inspiration for modern republics such as the United States and France. By the end of the Republic, Rome had conquered the lands around the Mediterranean and beyond, its domain extended from the Atlantic to Arabia, the Roman Empire emerged with the end of the Republic and the dictatorship of Augustus Caesar. 721 years of Roman-Persian Wars started in 92 BC with their first war against Parthia and it would become the longest conflict in human history, and have major lasting effects and consequences for both empires. Under Trajan, the Empire reached its territorial peak, Republican mores and traditions started to decline during the imperial period, with civil wars becoming a prelude common to the rise of a new emperor. Splinter states, such as the Palmyrene Empire, would divide the Empire during the crisis of the 3rd century. Plagued by internal instability and attacked by various migrating peoples, the part of the empire broke up into independent kingdoms in the 5th century. This splintering is a landmark historians use to divide the ancient period of history from the pre-medieval Dark Ages of Europe. King Numitor was deposed from his throne by his brother, Amulius, while Numitors daughter, Rhea Silvia, because Rhea Silvia was raped and impregnated by Mars, the Roman god of war, the twins were considered half-divine. The new king, Amulius, feared Romulus and Remus would take back the throne, a she-wolf saved and raised them, and when they were old enough, they returned the throne of Alba Longa to Numitor. Romulus became the source of the citys name, in order to attract people to the city, Rome became a sanctuary for the indigent, exiled, and unwanted. This caused a problem for Rome, which had a large workforce but was bereft of women, Romulus traveled to the neighboring towns and tribes and attempted to secure marriage rights, but as Rome was so full of undesirables they all refused. Legend says that the Latins invited the Sabines to a festival and stole their unmarried maidens, leading to the integration of the Latins, after a long time in rough seas, they landed at the banks of the Tiber River. Not long after they landed, the men wanted to take to the sea again, one woman, named Roma, suggested that the women burn the ships out at sea to prevent them from leaving. At first, the men were angry with Roma, but they realized that they were in the ideal place to settle. They named the settlement after the woman who torched their ships, the Roman poet Virgil recounted this legend in his classical epic poem the Aeneid
3.
Julius Caesar
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Gaius Julius Caesar, known as Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician, general, and notable author of Latin prose. He played a role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic. In 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey formed an alliance that dominated Roman politics for several years. Their attempts to power as Populares were opposed by the Optimates within the Roman Senate. Caesars victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC, extended Romes territory to the English Channel, Caesar became the first Roman general to cross both the Channel and the Rhine, when he built a bridge across the Rhine and crossed the Channel to invade Britain. These achievements granted him unmatched military power and threatened to eclipse the standing of Pompey, with the Gallic Wars concluded, the Senate ordered Caesar to step down from his military command and return to Rome. Caesar refused the order, and instead marked his defiance in 49 BC by crossing the Rubicon with the 13th Legion, leaving his province, Civil war resulted, and Caesars victory in the war put him in an unrivalled position of power and influence. After assuming control of government, Caesar began a programme of social and governmental reforms and he centralised the bureaucracy of the Republic and was eventually proclaimed dictator in perpetuity, giving him additional authority. But the underlying political conflicts had not been resolved, and on the Ides of March 44 BC, a new series of civil wars broke out, and the constitutional government of the Republic was never fully restored. Caesars adopted heir Octavian, later known as Augustus, rose to power after defeating his opponents in the civil war. Octavian set about solidifying his power, and the era of the Roman Empire began, much of Caesars life is known from his own accounts of his military campaigns, and from other contemporary sources, mainly the letters and speeches of Cicero and the historical writings of Sallust. The later biographies of Caesar by Suetonius and Plutarch are also major sources, Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history. Caesar was born into a family, the gens Julia. The cognomen Caesar originated, according to Pliny the Elder, with an ancestor who was born by Caesarean section. The Historia Augusta suggests three alternative explanations, that the first Caesar had a head of hair, that he had bright grey eyes. Caesar issued coins featuring images of elephants, suggesting that he favored this interpretation of his name, despite their ancient pedigree, the Julii Caesares were not especially politically influential, although they had enjoyed some revival of their political fortunes in the early 1st century BC. Caesars father, also called Gaius Julius Caesar, governed the province of Asia and his mother, Aurelia Cotta, came from an influential family. Little is recorded of Caesars childhood, in 85 BC, Caesars father died suddenly, so Caesar was the head of the family at 16
4.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, baptised as Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era. Born in Salzburg, he showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood, already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty. At 17, Mozart was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court, while visiting Vienna in 1781, he was dismissed from his Salzburg position. He chose to stay in the capital, where he achieved fame, during his final years in Vienna, he composed many of his best-known symphonies, concertos, and operas, and portions of the Requiem, which was largely unfinished at the time of his death. The circumstances of his death have been much mythologized. He was survived by his wife Constanze and two sons and he composed more than 600 works, many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic, concertante, chamber, operatic, and choral music. He is among the most enduringly popular of classical composers, Ludwig van Beethoven composed his own early works in the shadow of Mozart, and Joseph Haydn wrote, posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on 27 January 1756 to Leopold Mozart and Anna Maria, née Pertl and this was the capital of the Archbishopric of Salzburg, an ecclesiastic principality in what is now Austria, then part of the Holy Roman Empire. He was the youngest of seven children, five of whom died in infancy and his elder sister was Maria Anna Mozart, nicknamed Nannerl. Mozart was baptized the day after his birth, at St. Ruperts Cathedral in Salzburg, the baptismal record gives his name in Latinized form, as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart. He generally called himself Wolfgang Amadè Mozart as an adult, Leopold Mozart, a native of Augsburg, Germany, was a minor composer and an experienced teacher. In 1743, he was appointed as fourth violinist in the establishment of Count Leopold Anton von Firmian. Four years later, he married Anna Maria in Salzburg, Leopold became the orchestras deputy Kapellmeister in 1763. During the year of his sons birth, Leopold published a textbook, Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule. When Nannerl was 7, she began lessons with her father. Years later, after her brothers death, she reminisced, He often spent much time at the clavier, picking out thirds, which he was ever striking, and his pleasure showed that it sounded good. In the fourth year of his age his father, for a game as it were, began to teach him a few minuets and he could play it faultlessly and with the greatest delicacy, and keeping exactly in time. At the age of five, he was composing little pieces
5.
Doctor Who
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Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963. The programme depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called The Doctor and he explores the universe in a time-travelling space ship called the TARDIS. Its exterior appears as a blue British police box, which was a sight in Britain in 1963 when the series first aired. Accompanied by a number of companions, the Doctor combats a variety of foes, while working to save civilisations, the show is a significant part of British popular culture, and elsewhere it has gained a cult following. It has influenced generations of British television professionals, many of whom grew up watching the series, the programme originally ran from 1963 to 1989. There was an attempt to revive regular production in 1996 with a backdoor pilot. The programme was relaunched in 2005, and since then has been produced in-house by BBC Wales in Cardiff, twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor. The conceit is that this is a Time Lord trait through which the character of the Doctor takes on a new body, each actors portrayal differs, but all represent stages in the life of the same character and form a single narrative. The time-travelling feature of the means that different incarnations of the Doctor occasionally meet. The current lead, Peter Capaldi, took on the role after Matt Smiths exit in the 2013 Christmas special The Time of the Doctor, in 2017, Capaldi confirmed he would be leaving at the end of the tenth series. Doctor Who follows the adventures of the character, a rogue Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey. He fled from Gallifrey in a stolen TARDIS – Time and Relative Dimension in Space – a machine which allows him to travel across time, the TARDIS has a chameleon circuit which normally allows the machine to take on the appearance of local objects as a disguise. However, the Doctors TARDIS remains fixed as a blue British police box due to a malfunction in the chameleon circuit, the Doctor rarely travels alone and often brings one or more companions to share these adventures. His companions are usually humans, as he has found a fascination with planet Earth, as a Time Lord, the Doctor has the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged, taking on a new appearance and personality. The Doctor has gained numerous reoccurring enemies during his travels, including the Daleks, the Cybermen, and the Master, another renegade Time Lord. Doctor Who first appeared on BBC TV at 17,16,20 GMT, eighty seconds after the programme time,5,15 pm. It was to be a weekly programme, each episode 25 minutes of transmission length. Discussions and plans for the programme had been in progress for a year, writer Anthony Coburn, story editor David Whitaker and initial producer Verity Lambert also heavily contributed to the development of the series
6.
Science fiction on television
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Science fiction first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality. The combination of initial cost and lower maintenance cost pushed producers into building these techniques into the basic concept of a series. The broad term special effects includes all the techniques here, visual effects involve photographic or digital manipulation of the onscreen image, usually done in post-production. Mechanical or physical effects involve props, pyrotechnics, and other methods used during principal photography itself. Some effects involved a combination of techniques, a ray gun might require a pyrotechnic during filming, stunts are another important category of physical effects. In general, all kinds of special effects must be planned during pre-production. Babylon 5 was the first series to use computer-generated imagery, or CGI, for all exterior space scenes, the technology has made this more practical, so that today models are rarely used. In the 1990s, CGI required expensive processors and customized applications, models have been an essential tool in science fiction television since the beginning, when Buck Rogers took flight in spark-scattering spaceships wheeling across a matte backdrop sky. The original Star Trek required an array of models, the USS Enterprise had to be built in several different scales for different needs. Gerry Anderson created a series of using puppets living in a universe of models and miniature sets. ALF depicted an alien living in a family, while Farscape included two puppets as regular characters, in Stargate SG-1, the Asgard characters are puppets in scenes where they are sitting, standing, or lying down. As animation is completely free of the constraints of gravity, momentum, in general, science fiction series are subject to the same financial constraints as other television shows. However, high production costs increase the risk, while limited audiences further complicate the business case for continuing production. Star Trek was the first television series to cost more than $100,000 per episode, while Star Trek and this enabled merchandising such as toy lines, animated cartoon adaptations, and other licensing. Creative settings also often call for broader story arcs than is found in mainstream television. Science fiction television producers will sometimes end a season with a cliffhanger episode to attract viewer interest. Dark Angel is one of many shows ending with a scene that left critical questions open when the series was cancelled
7.
Eighth Doctor
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The Eighth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who. He is portrayed by Paul McGann, the character was introduced in the 1996 TV film Doctor Who, a back-door pilot produced in an unsuccessful attempt to relaunch the series following its 1989 cancellation. While the Eighth Doctor initially had only one appearance, his adventures were portrayed extensively in subsequent spin-off media. In 2013, the actor reprised the role in the mini-episode The Night of the Doctor, within the series narrative, the Doctor is a centuries-old alien who travels in time and space in his TARDIS, frequently with companions. When the Doctor is critically injured, he can regenerate his body but in doing so gains a new appearance and with it. McGann portrays the eighth incarnation, a passionate, enthusiastic. His only companion in the film is Grace Holloway, a medical doctor whose surgery is partly responsible for triggering his regeneration. Intended as a pilot for a new television series on the Fox Network. In the United Kingdom, it was received well, attracting over 9 million viewers and it was also generally well received in Australia. These stories spanned the nine years between 1996 and the debut of the new series in 2005. He is the longest-serving Doctor in the Doctor Who Magazine comic strip, in the wake of the positive reaction to the revived television series in 2005, several of the Eighth Doctors Big Finish audio dramas were also broadcast on BBC7 radio in an edited form. The trailers for these broadcasts explained that these took place before the destruction of Gallifrey as described in the revived TV series. In 2007, BBC7 aired a new series of Eighth Doctor audio adventures, Paul McGann has continued to portray the Eighth Doctor in the various audio spinoffs. The canonicity of the media with respect to the television series. It has been suggested that the Eighth Doctors adventures in three different forms take place in three separate continuities, the discontinuities were made explicit in the audio drama Zagreus. In response, it has become common to consider the three ranges separately. Marys Story, a 2009 audio story by Big Finish, contradicted these suggestions, as there the Doctor mentions his companions in order, in The Night of the Doctor, the Doctor salutes five of his companions by name, all from the Big Finish audio productions. In 2007, the Eighth Doctor finally made an appearance within the television series continuity
8.
Sixth Doctor
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The Sixth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who. He is portrayed by Colin Baker, although his televisual time on the series was comparatively brief and turbulent, Baker has continued as the Sixth Doctor in Big Finishs range of original Doctor Who audio adventures. Within the series narrative, the Doctor is a centuries-old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time and space in his TARDIS, when the Doctor is critically injured, he can regenerate his body, in doing so, his physical appearance and personality change. Baker portrays the sixth incarnation, a flamboyant man in brightly coloured, mismatched clothes whose brash. The Sixth Doctor appeared in three seasons, Colin Baker had been signed up for four years, as the previous actor Peter Davison had left after only three years. Prior to its postponement, season 23 was well advanced with episodes already drafted and in at least one case distributed to cast and production. These were all dropped with the reconception of the season in mid 1985 in favour of a 14 episode story arc called The Trial of a Time Lord, the Sixth Doctor also appeared in the special Dimensions in Time. There are also novels and audio plays featuring the Sixth Doctor, the sixth Doctors regeneration was initially unstable, and he nearly strangled Peri before he came to his senses. He encountered many old foes including the Master, Daleks, Cybermen and Sontarans and he also faced a renegade female Time Lord scientist, the Rani, who was conducting experiments on humans using the Luddite riots as a cover. Later, the Doctor and Peri landed on the devastated planet Ravolox, before they could discover the reason for this disaster, the TARDIS landed on Thoros Beta. In reality the trial was a cover-up organised by the High Council, the prosecutor at that trial, the Valeyard, turned out to be a possible future evil incarnation of the Doctor himself who was out to steal his remaining lives. He had also edited the Matrix recordings of the Doctors travels, the events of the trial tangled the Doctors timeline slightly, as he left in the company of Mel, whom he technically had not yet met. When the TARDIS is attacked by the Rani, the Sixth Doctor was somehow injured and regenerated into the Seventh Doctor, attempts have been made by various authors to fill in these narrative gaps. The Virgin Missing Adventures novel Time of Your Life states that the Doctor went into an exile to avoid becoming the Valeyard. He was lured back into travelling by the Time Lords, although now travelling again, he attempted to avoid meeting Mel and recruited other companions such as history lecturer Evelyn Smythe and Edwardian adventuress Charley Pollard. He eventually encounters Mel accidentally during the events of the BBC Books novel Business Unusual, pip and Jane Bakers novelisation of Time and the Rani provides the first relatively brief attempt to explain the Doctors regeneration. In these events, the Doctor, through the TARDIS telepathic circuits, forces his own regeneration and then travels towards Lakertya, setting up the events of Time and the Rani. In 2015, Big Finish Productions released The Sixth Doctor, The Last Adventure, the message caused the past Sixth Doctor to fly his TARDIS to Lakertya, where he ended up exposed to radiation deadly to Time Lords
9.
Colin Baker
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Colin Baker was born in Waterloo, London, England. He moved north to Rochdale with his family when he was three years old and he was educated at St Bedes College, Manchester, and originally studied to become a solicitor. At the age of 23, Baker enrolled at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, one of Bakers first acting jobs, in 1970, was a supporting role in a BBC adaptation of Jean-Paul Sartres trilogy The Roads to Freedom. In 1972 he played Anatole Kuragin in a BBC serial adaptation of War and his most prominent role in the 1970s was as the villainous Paul Merroney in The Brothers, a role that he played from 1974 to 1976. In the final episode of Fall of Eagles, Baker appeared as Crown Prince Willy of the German Empire and he also guest-starred as Bayban the Butcher in a 1980 episode of Blakes 7. In 1983 he featured in a BBC production of A. J, Baker made his first appearance in Doctor Who as Commander Maxil in the story Arc of Infinity. Producer John Nathan-Turner described Bakers performance as being quite arch and a little sassy, Maxil was one of the few characters actually to shoot the Doctor, then played by Peter Davison. At the time of Bakers casting as Davisons successor he was the actor portraying the Doctor to have appeared in the television series as another character prior to taking on the leading role. When Baker was cast to replace Davison, many fans cited that shooting scene in Arc of Infinity and he is no relation to Tom Baker, who previously played the Fourth Doctor in Doctor Who. Bakers first appearance as the Doctor occurred at the final minutes of The Caves of Androzani, the closing title sequence for episode four features Bakers face instead of Peter Davison and credits him as the Doctor before Davisons own credit. This was the first time that the new lead received top billing in the story of an outgoing Doctor. Baker then made his first full debut the following week in The Twin Dilemma. It was the first time since 1966, and only the time in the series history. Bakers era was interrupted by an 18-month hiatus which was announced in February 1985, one new Doctor Who story, Slipback, was made on radio during the hiatus. The Controller of BBC1 at the time, Michael Grade, criticised Doctor Who, saying that the programme had become overly violent, the programme returned for its 23rd season in September 1986. Season 23 featured a reduction in episodes produced, and the 14-episode-long serial The Trial of a Time Lord and this serial was a meta-textual reference to the fact that the series itself was on trial at this time. In 1986 Baker told an interviewer, Tom Baker did it for seven years, theres a part of me which likes to have a tilt at records. I would like to think that maybe Id still be doing it in eight years time, later that year Baker was dismissed from the part at the insistence of BBC management, who wanted to refresh the show
10.
Frank Finlay
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Francis Frank Finlay, CBE was an English stage, film and television actor. He also appeared in the controversial drama Bouquet of Barbed Wire, Finlay was born in Farnworth, Lancashire, the son of Margaret and Josiah Finlay, a butcher. He was educated at St Gregory the Great School, but left at the age of 14 to train as a butcher himself at the firm, gaining a City. Finlay made his first stage appearances at the local Farnworth Little Theatre, the current Little Theatre president, also in the cast of that Miranda production, remembers him as a perfectionist in his craft. He also played in rep, initially in Scotland, before winning a scholarship to RADA in London, there followed several parts in productions at the Royal Court Theatre, such as the Arnold Wesker trilogy. He became particularly associated with the National Theatre, especially during the years when Laurence Olivier was director, the critic John Simon wrote that the close-ups in the film afforded Finlay the chance to give a more subtle and effective performance than he had on stage. At the Chichester Festival Theatre, he played roles ranging from the First Gravedigger in Hamlet to Josef Frank in Weapons of Happiness. He also had parts in The Party, Plunder, Saint Joan, Hobsons Choice, Amadeus, Much Ado About Nothing, The Dutch Courtesan, The Crucible, Mother Courage, and Juno and the Paycock. Finlay also made appearances on Broadway, in Epitaph for George Dillon and in the National Theatre, one of his earliest television roles was in the family space adventure serial Target Luna, as journalist Conway Henderson. Finlays first major success on was in the title role of Dennis Potters BBC2 series Casanova. Following this, he portrayed Adolf Hitler in The Death of Adolf Hitler for London Weekend Television and he appeared in several additional films, including The Wild Geese. He appeared in two Sherlock Holmes films as Inspector Lestrade, solving the Jack the Ripper murders and he also played a role in an episode of the Granada Television adaptation of Sherlock Holmes starring Jeremy Brett, in which his son Daniel played a minor role as well. Finlay appeared on American television in A Christmas Carol playing Marleys Ghost opposite George C and he also guest-starred as the title character in an episode of The Black Adder. Finlay played Sancho Panza opposite Rex Harrisons Don Quixote in the 1973 British made-for-television film The Adventures of Don Quixote and he won another BAFTA award that year for his performance as Voltaire in the BBC TV production of Candide. Finlay played the role of Justice Peter Mahon in the award-winning New Zealand television serial Erebus, in the Roman Polanski film The Pianist, he took on the part of Adrien Brodys father. He starred alongside Pete Postlethwaite and Geraldine James in the BBC drama series The Sins in 2000 and he appeared in the TV series Life Begins and as Jane Tennisons father in the last two stories of Prime Suspect. In 2007, he guest-starred in the Doctor Who audio adventure 100, in November 2008, Finlay appeared in the eleventh episode of the BBC drama series Merlin, as Anhora, Keeper of the Unicorns. Finlay met his wife, Doreen Shepherd, when they were both members of the Farnworth Little Theatre
11.
Fifth Doctor
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The Fifth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who. He is portrayed by Peter Davison, within the series narrative, the Doctor is a centuries-old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time and space in his TARDIS, frequently with companions. When the Doctor is critically injured, he can regenerate his body, in doing so, his physical appearance, Davison portrays the fifth such incarnation, who has a vulnerable side and a tendency towards indecisiveness, dressed as a boyish Edwardian cricketer. He travelled with a host of companions, including boy genius Adric, alien aristocrat Nyssa and Australian flight attendant Tegan Jovanka and he also shared later adventures alongside devious schoolboy Vislor Turlough and American college student Peri Brown. Peter Davison was chosen due to his acclaimed role as Tristan Farnon in the BBC series All Creatures Great. The Fifth Doctors era was notable for a back to the attitude, in which silly humour was kept to a minimum. It was, at times, a darker and grittier series, in part for seeing the death of one of his companions, Adric. It was also notable for the reintroduction of many of the Time Lords enemies, such as the Master, Cybermen, Omega, the Black and White Guardians, and the Silurians. The regeneration was difficult, and nearly failed, with the Doctor briefly taking on personality aspects from his four previous incarnations, after recovering in the fictional city Castrovalva, he continued his travels with Adric, Tegan Jovanka and Nyssa. Following Adrics death, the TARDIS accidentally arrived at Heathrow airport, here the Doctor and Nyssa left Tegan assuming she would want to stay. The Doctor and Nyssa then travelled together for an amount of time before the renegade Time Lord Omega, attempting to return to our universe. Faced with this threat, the Time Lords were forced to attempt executing the Doctor, but he eventually tracked Omega to Amsterdam where he defeated him and re-encountered Tegan. When the Doctor met a new companion, an alien boy stranded on Earth by the name of Vislor Turlough, soon after, Nyssa left to help cure Lazars Disease on the space station Terminus. Landing in the reign of King John, the crew encountered the Master. However, the Doctor helped Kamelion to regain his free will, the Doctor met three of his previous incarnations when they were summoned to the Death Zone on Gallifrey by president Borusa, who was attempting to gain Rassilons secret of immortality. After further adventures in which the Doctor re-encountered old foes, including the Silurians, the Doctor was eventually forced to destroy Kamelion, when the Master used his mental connection to the robot to regain control of him, a process the robot realised was irreversible. Ultimately, the Fifth Doctor and his last companion Peri Brown were exposed to the drug spectrox in its deadly toxic raw form on Androzani Minor, a sketch of the Fifth Doctor is seen in John Smiths book in the new series episode Human Nature. Visions of the Fifth Doctor appear in The Next Doctor and The Eleventh Hour, however the Tenth Doctor, remembering the event, knew how to stop it because he recalled watching himself correct the mistake when he was the Fifth Doctor
12.
Seventh Doctor
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The Seventh Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who. He is portrayed by Scottish actor Sylvester McCoy, within the series narrative, the Doctor is a centuries-old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time and space in his TARDIS, frequently with companions. When the Doctor is critically injured, he can regenerate his body, in doing so, his physical appearance, McCoy portrays the seventh such incarnation, a whimsical, thoughtful character who quickly becomes more layered, secretive, and manipulative. The Seventh Doctor first appeared on TV in 1987, after the programme was cancelled at the end of 1989, the Seventh Doctors adventures continued in novels until the late 1990s. The Seventh Doctor made an appearance at the start of the 1996 movie before the character was replaced by the Eighth Doctor, the Seventh Doctor era is noted for the cancellation of Doctor Who after 26 years. It is also noted for the Virgin New Adventures, a range of novels published from 1992 to 1997. The Seventh Doctors final appearance on television was in the 1996 Doctor Who television movie, a sketch of him is later seen in John Smiths A Journal of Impossible Things in the new series 2007 episode Human Nature. Brief holographic clips of the Seventh Doctor appear in The Next Doctor and The Eleventh Hour, when the TARDIS was attacked by the Rani, the Sixth Doctor was injured and forced to regenerate. On the planet Svartos, Mel decided to leave the Doctors company for that of intergalactic rogue Sabalom Glitz, also at this time, the Doctor was joined by time-stranded teenager Ace. Growing more secretive and driven from this point on, the Doctor took Ace under his wing and began teaching her about the universe, soon afterwards, the Doctor used a similar tactic and another Time Lord relic to destroy a Cyberman fleet. Later, he was reunited with his old friend, Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart while battling the forces of a dimension on Earth. The Seventh Doctors manipulations were not reserved for his rivals, with the goal of helping Ace confront her past, he took her to a Victorian house in her home town of Perivale in 1883 which she had burned down in 1983. Eventually, the Doctor confronted and defeated Fenric at a British naval base during World War II, the Doctor continued to act as Aces mentor, returning her to Perivale, however, she chose to continue travelling with him. The circumstances of her parting from the Doctor were not shown on television, near the end of his incarnation, the Seventh Doctor was given the responsibility of transporting the remains of his former enemy the Master from Skaro to Gallifrey. He is thus the only Doctor to have died at the hand of one of his own companions. Perhaps due to the anaesthesia, the Doctor did not regenerate immediately after death, unlike all previous occasions, he finally did so several hours later, while lying in the hospitals morgue. The later revival of the series, however, contradicts earlier episodes by establishing the Ninth Doctor as being 900 years old in Aliens of London and he generally displayed an affable, curious, knowledgeable, easygoing, excitable, and charming air. He was a physical performer and deployed a repertoire of magic tricks, illusions
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