1.
RCA Records
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RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. It is one of SMEs three flagship labels, alongside Columbia Records and Epic Records. The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, R&B, blues, jazz, the companys name is derived from the initials of the labels former parent company, the Radio Corporation of America. It is the second oldest recording company in US history, after sister label Columbia Records, RCAs Canadian unit is Sonys oldest label in Canada. It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression, kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Miley Cyrus, Giorgio Moroder, Jennifer Hudson, DAngelo, Pink, Tinashe, G-Eazy, Pitbull, Zayn and Wizkid. In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the worlds largest manufacturer of phonographs and phonograph records. The company then became RCA Victor but retained use of the Victor Records name on their labels until the beginning of 1946 when the labels were finally switched over to RCA Victor. With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper His Masters Voice trademark, in Shanghai, China, in 1931, RCA Victors British affiliate the Gramophone Company merged with the Columbia Graphophone Company to form EMI. This gave RCA head David Sarnoff a seat on the EMI board, in September 1931, RCA Victor introduced the first 33⅓ rpm records sold to the public, calling them Program Transcriptions. In the depths of the Great Depression, the format was a commercial failure, during the early part of the depression, RCA made a number of attempts to produce a successful cheap label to compete with the dime store labels. The first was the short-lived Timely Tunes label in 1931 sold at Montgomery Ward, in 1932, Bluebird Records was created as a sub-label of RCA Victor. It was originally an 8-inch record with a blue label. In 1933, RCA reintroduced Bluebird and Electradisk as a standard 10-inch label, another cheap label, Sunrise, was produced. The same musical couplings were issued on all three labels and Bluebird Records still survives eight decades after Electradisk and Sunrise were discontinued, RCA also produced records for Montgomery Ward label during the 1930s. Besides manufacturing records for themselves, RCA Victor operated RCA Custom which was the leading record manufacturer for independent record labels, RCA Custom also pressed record compilations for The Readers Digest Association. RCA sold its interest in EMI in 1935, but EMI continued to distribute RCA recordings in the UK, RCA also manufactured and distributed HMV classical recordings on the RCA and HMV labels in North America. During World War II, ties between RCA and its Japanese affiliate JVC were severed, the Japanese record company is today called Victor Entertainment and is still a JVC subsidiary. From 1942 to 1944, RCA Victor was seriously impacted by the American Federation of Musicians recording ban, virtually all union musicians could not make recordings during that period
2.
France
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France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans 643,801 square kilometres and had a population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary republic with the capital in Paris. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse, during the Iron Age, what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people. The area was annexed in 51 BC by Rome, which held Gaul until 486, France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages, with its victory in the Hundred Years War strengthening state-building and political centralisation. During the Renaissance, French culture flourished and a colonial empire was established. The 16th century was dominated by civil wars between Catholics and Protestants. France became Europes dominant cultural, political, and military power under Louis XIV, in the 19th century Napoleon took power and established the First French Empire, whose subsequent Napoleonic Wars shaped the course of continental Europe. Following the collapse of the Empire, France endured a succession of governments culminating with the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1870. Following liberation in 1944, a Fourth Republic was established and later dissolved in the course of the Algerian War, the Fifth Republic, led by Charles de Gaulle, was formed in 1958 and remains to this day. Algeria and nearly all the colonies became independent in the 1960s with minimal controversy and typically retained close economic. France has long been a centre of art, science. It hosts Europes fourth-largest number of cultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites and receives around 83 million foreign tourists annually, France is a developed country with the worlds sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest by purchasing power parity. In terms of household wealth, it ranks fourth in the world. France performs well in international rankings of education, health care, life expectancy, France remains a great power in the world, being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and an official nuclear-weapon state. It is a member state of the European Union and the Eurozone. It is also a member of the Group of 7, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Trade Organization, originally applied to the whole Frankish Empire, the name France comes from the Latin Francia, or country of the Franks
3.
Patricia Kaas
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Patricia Kaas is a French singer an actress. Her music is a mix of pop, cabaret, jazz, since the appearance of her 1988 debut album, Mademoiselle chante. Kaas has sold over 17 million records worldwide and she had her greatest success in Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, Canada, Russia, Finland, Ukraine, and Korea with her third album Je te dis vous. In 2002, Kaas made her debut in And now. Ladies and Gentlemen with Jeremy Irons and she represented France in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 in Moscow, Russia, and finished in eighth place. Patricia Kaas was born as the youngest of her family on 5 December 1966 in Forbach, Lorraine, France and her father, Joseph Kaas, was a French Germanophone and her mother, Irmgard, was a German citizen from Saar. Kaas grew up in Stiring-Wendel, between Forbach and Saarbrücken on the French side of the border, until the age of six she spoke only Lorraine Franconian. Her mother encouraged Kaas to become a singer at a young age. Her first great success came when she received first place at a pop song contest, Kaas took her first step into the professional music business at the age of 13, when, with the help of her brother Egon, she signed a contract with the Saarbrücken Club Rumpelkammer. Kaas took the name Pady Pax, after the brass band Pax Majorettes from Stiring-Wendel, of which she and her sister Carine were members, at 16 she took a placement with a model agency in Metz. Her first attempts to break into the business once and for all initially failed, however. Kaas producer at this time was the architect Bernard Schwartz, in 1985, Kaas was dax sponsored by the French actor Gérard Depardieu at the age of 19. Schwartz saw her singing at the Rumpelkammer in Saarbrücken and introduced her to the songwriter François Bernheim, Bernheim worked with her and convinced Depardieu to produce her music. Depardieu produced Kaas first single Jalouse, written by Bernheim and Depardieus wife Elisabeth, the single was published by EMI, but was a flop. Nonetheless, her encounter with Depardieu was one of the most important events in the beginning of Kaas artistic career, through Jalouse and Bernheim the French songwriter Didier Barbelivien became aware of Kaas. His song Mademoiselle chante le blues was the singers first big hit, the single was published in 1987 by Polydor, and reached 7th place in the French singles chart. The next year Kaas second single DAllemagne was recorded, written by Barbelivien, shortly afterwards Kaas first album Mademoiselle chante. was produced. It reached 2nd place in the French album charts and stayed there for two months, remaining in the Top 10 for 64 weeks and 118 weeks in the top 100, shortly after its appearance the album went gold in France and after three months it went platinum
4.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
5.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
6.
Julie Depardieu
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Julie Marion Depardieu is a French actress who has appeared in a number of successful films. Born 18 June 1973 in Paris, she is the daughter of Gérard Depardieu and Élisabeth Depardieu and she has two paternal half-siblings, half-sister Roxane and half-brother Jean. She has two sons, Billy and Alfred, with Philippe Katerine and she is also the aunt of Louise Depardieu, daughter of her late brother Guillaume. In 2004, she won two César Awards for La petite Lili and won another for Un secret in 2008, Depardieu was also nominated for a César Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2005 for her performance in Podium. In 2008, she directed her first operette les contes dHoffmann at the Vaux le Vicomte castle. Julie Depardieu at the Internet Movie Database Julie Depardieu at Allmovie Julie Depardieu at uniFrance Julie Depardieu at AlloCiné
7.
Catherine Ringer
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Catherine Ringer is a French singer, musician, songwriter, dancer, choreographer, actress, and co-founder of Les Rita Mitsouko. Ringer started her career on stage in the late 1970s in productions with Michael Lonsdales Théâtre de Recherche Musicale as well as musical. In 1976, she met the Argentine dancer and choreographer Marcia Moretto with whom she studied, the hit song Marcia Baila was written as a tribute to Moretto after her death in 1981. On film, Ringer also performed in movies such as La Fessée. In 1979, she met Fred Chichin with whom she founded and co-led the music group Les Rita Mitsouko, Ringer continued leading the group after Chichins death in November,2007. Reinhard 1980, Petits trous libertins by Pierre B
8.
Marc Lavoine
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Marc Lucien Lavoine is a French singer and actor. In 1985, his hit single Elle a les yeux revolver allowed him to reach the top of the French chart and he is currently starring in Crossing Lines as Louis Daniel, head of an International Criminal Court police team that investigates crimes that cross European borders. Marc Lavoine is a French singer born near Paris and he was labeled a heart throb at the beginning of his career and remains popular. He released his first album, Le Parking des Anges, in 1985 with his song Elle a les yeux revolver as a favorite among teens, in 1987, Lavoine released his second album Fabriqué. His single, Quest-ce que tes belle, was a duet with Les Rita Mitsouko leader Catherine Ringer and his third album Les Amours Du Dimanche was released in 1989, which sold 300,000 copies. In 1992, the singles Paris, also the track of his fourth album. In 1993, Lavoine released his fifth album Faux Rêveur, Lavoines sixth album Lavoine-Matic, released in 1996, included the single Cest ça la France, which is a song of tolerance and was awarded Best Video from the Victoire de la Musique. In 1999, his seventh album Septième Ciel was released, with the first single as Les Tournesols Lavoines eighth album, like former albums, this featured duets with female singers, including Italian singer and actress Cristina Marocco, singer Françoise Hardy and actress Claire Keim. In 2003, he released the single Dis-moi que lamour and an album entitled Olympia Deux Mille Trois. Lavoines ninth album LHeure dété, included singles Je me sens si seul, Toi mon amour and Jespère and he also wrote the song Bonjour Vietnam as a gift for Quynh Anh. On 26 May 1995 he married Princess Sarah Poniatowski, they have three children together, Yasmine, Roman, and Milo, Marc Lavoine also has a son, Simon, from his previous marriage to ex-Vogue model Denise Pascale. He now lives in Paris and has put out numerous albums along with several movies, Lavoine is a member of the Les Enfoirés charity ensemble since 1996. 2009, Korkoro 2013, Crossing Lines 2014, Papa was not a rolling stone Biography of Marc Lavoine, from Radio France Internationale Marc Lavoine at the Internet Movie Database
9.
Je te dis vous
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Je te dis vous is an album recorded by the French singer Patricia Kaas. It was released in 1993 and achieved success in many countries, the name of the album is ironic in the French language because it uses both the familiar and formal second-person pronouns. The album was produced in Pete Townshends Eel Pie Studio in London, England by Robin Millar, who had worked for Sade. In the U. S. and United Kingdom it appeared under the name of Tour de charme. The songs Je te dis vous, Je retiens mon souffle and Fatiguée dattendre were not written by Kaas, on the album Kaas sang her first song in German, the song Ganz und gar came from the pen of the German singer and songwriter Marius Müller-Westernhagen. The album also featured three tracks in English, including a cover of the James Brown number Its a Mans World, the British rock musician Chris Rea accompanied Kaas on the tracks Out of the Rain and Ceux qui nont rien on guitar. The album was supported by a tour in 1994 and recorded in a version on the 1995 album Tour de charme. With the latter, Kaas achieved her second top five single in France, a remix of Reste sur moi, a song composed by Marc Lavoine, reached the top 20 of the U. S. dance charts. This album marked the breakthrough of the singer in the international music scene. Currently Je te dis vous is considered one of the best albums of modern chanson, Je te dis vous is currently Kaas most successful album in the German-speaking world, only just missing out on the German top 10, but spending 36 weeks in the top 100. In Switzerland, Kaass album featured on the chart for 25 weeks and it debuted at #10 and climber to #2 two weeks later. It remained for two weeks at this position, but was unable to dislodge Aerosmiths album Get A Grip. It appeared for 14 weeks in the top ten, then dropped slowly on the chart and it was the ninth best-selling album of 1993. In France, the album was charted for many months, from April 15,1993 and it went straight to #1 and stayed there for five weeks. It totaled about 40 weeks in the top ten and it was her third album to go Diamond,11 months after its appearance. The album had moderate success in the Netherlands and it featured for five weeks on the albums chart and went to #98 on July 24,1993, reaching its peak position, #83, two weeks later
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