1.
Economist Group
–
The Economist Newspaper Limited, trading as The Economist Group, is a British multinational media company headquartered in London and best known as publisher of The Economist. The Economist Group specialises in business and world affairs information. Its principal activities are magazines, newspapers, conferences and market intelligence, the Economist Group is owned by the Cadbury, Rothschild, Schroder, Agnelli and other family interests as well as a number of staff and former staff shareholders. Pearson PLC held a 50% shareholding via The Financial Times Limited until August 2015, at this time Pearson sold their share in the Economist. The Agnelli familys Exor paid £287m to raise their stake from 4. 7% to 43. 4%, the origins of The Economist Group date back to the foundation of The Economist, A Political, Commercial, Agricultural, & Free-Trade Journal by James Wilson in 1843. In 1946, the Economist Intelligence Unit began providing business intelligence to both The Economist magazine and external clients, in the same year, the Economist bookshop was established as a 50,50 joint venture with the London School of Economics. Economist Conferences was established as a division of Economist Intelligence Unit in 1956 to offer government roundtables, in 1995 The Economist Group acquired the Journal of Commerce, a US-based provider of information for the shipping and transportation industries. In the same year the Group launched European Voice, the first pan-European Union weekly newspaper, in July 2004, The Economist Group launched an upmarket lifestyle magazine called Intelligent Life, an annual publication. This magazine was redesigned as a quarterly in September 2007, in March 2016, the magazine was renamed 1843. Launched in 2010, the Ideas People Channel is an online advertising network of around 50 sites defined by the mindset of the audience. The sites recruited for the network were identified by the readers of The Economist as their favourite destinations for topics on business, globalisation, innovation. The channel competes in the lower-cost, high-volume network advertising market, also recently launched is Economist Education, providing e-learning courses. In March 2012, The Economist Group acquired the London-based marketing communications agency TVC Group for an undisclosed sum, in July 2015, Canback & Company, a strategy consulting firm operating in more than 70 countries was acquired. It is now known as EIU Canback, the Economist Groups principal activities are magazines, newspapers, conferences and market intelligence. The Group’s other brands include CQ Roll Call, EuroFinance, a cash and treasury management event business, European Voice, formerly a sister publication of CQ Roll Call, was sold to the French company Selectcom in 2013. The Economist Corporate Network is a service within The Economist Group providing global and regional business intelligence briefings, presentations. The Corporate Network relies on the information, insight, and interaction provided by experts in its parent organization. 81% of its customers are business executives at the director or senior management levels and it has offices in Dubai, Johannesburg, Beijing, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Singapore, and Tokyo
2.
The Economist
–
The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London. Continuous publication began under its founder, James Wilson, in September 1843, in 2015 its average weekly circulation was a little over 1.5 million, about half of which were sold in the United States. The publication belongs to the Economist Group and it is 50% owned by the English branch of the Rothschild family and by the Agnelli family through its holding company Exor. The remaining 50% is held by investors including the editors. The Rothschilds and the Agnellis are represented on the board of directors, a board of trustees formally appoints the editor, who cannot be removed without its permission. Although The Economist has an emphasis and scope, about two-thirds of the 75 staff journalists are based in the London borough of Westminster. For the year to March 2016 the Economist Group declared operating profit of £61m, previous major shareholders include Pearson PLC. The Economist takes a stance of classical and economic liberalism which is supportive of free trade, globalisation, free immigration. The publication has described itself as a product of the Caledonian liberalism of Adam Smith and it targets highly educated readers and claims an audience containing many influential executives and policy-makers. The publications CEO described this recent global change, which was first noticed in the 1990s and accelerated in the beginning of the 21st century, on the contents page of each issue, The Economists mission statement is written in italics. The Economist was founded by the British businessman and banker James Wilson in 1843, to advance the repeal of the Corn Laws, articles relating to some practical, commercial, agricultural, or foreign topic of passing interest, such as foreign treaties. An article on the principles of political economy, applied to practical experience, covering the laws related to prices, wages, rent, exchange, revenue. Parliamentary reports, with focus on commerce, agriculture and free trade. Reports and accounts of popular movements advocating free trade, general news from the Court of St. Jamess, the Metropolis, the Provinces, Scotland, and Ireland. Law reports, confined chiefly to areas important to commerce, manufacturing, books, confined chiefly, but not so exclusively, to commerce, manufacturing, and agriculture, and including all treatises on political economy, finance, or taxation. A commercial gazette, with prices and statistics of the week, correspondence and inquiries from the news magazines readers. It has long respected as one of the most competent. Its logo was designed in 1959 by Reynolds Stone, in January 2012 The Economist launched a new weekly section devoted exclusively to China, the first new country section since the introduction of a section about the United States in 1942
3.
1834
–
As of the start of 1834, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 1 – Zollverein, Customs charges are abolished at borders within its member states, january 3 – The government of Mexico imprisons Stephen F. Austin in Mexico City. February – Robert Owen organizes the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union in the United Kingdom, March 6 – York, Upper Canada, is incorporated as Toronto. March 11 – United States Survey of the Coast transferred to the Department of the Navy, March 14 – John Herschel discovers the open cluster of stars now known as NGC3603, observing from the Cape of Good Hope. March 28 – Andrew Jackson is censured by the United States Congress, March 19 – Founding of Cavendish Villa Football Club. April 10 – The LaLaurie mansion burns and Madame Marie Delphine LaLaurie flees to France, april 14 – The Whig Party is officially named by United States Senator Henry Clay. May 19 – Peasants Revolt in Egyptian-ruled Palestine opens, june 7 – Greek independence, General Theodoros Kolokotronis is sentenced to death for treason for resisting the rule of Otto of Greece. June 10 – British philosopher Thomas Carlyle moves to Cheyne Row in London, july 7 –10 – Anti-abolitionist riots in New York City. July 15 – The Spanish Inquisition, which began in the 15th century, is suppressed by royal decree, july 16 – William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne succeeds Earl Grey as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. July 24 – The Liberal Wars end in Portugal, july 29 – Office of Indian Affairs organized in the United States. August 1 – Slavery is abolished in the British Empire by the Slavery Abolition Act 1833, august 11 –12 – Ursuline Convent riots, A convent of Ursuline nuns is burned near Boston. August 14 – The Poor Law Amendment Act in the United Kingdom states that no able-bodied British man can receive assistance unless he enters a workhouse, august 15 – The South Australia Act allows for the creation of a colony there. September 13 – The Gleaner newspaper first published in Jamaica, october 16 – The Palace of Westminster is destroyed by fire. November 14 – William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne becomes the last Prime Minister of the United Kingdom to be dismissed by the British monarch, king William IV temporarily appoints Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, to form a caretaker government. December 3 – The Zollverein institutes the first regular census in Germany, december 10 – Sir Robert Peel succeeds Lord Melbourne as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. December 11 – The Sixth Xhosa War is characterized by severe clashes between settlers and Bantu peoples in Cape Colony, Dutch-speaking settlers colonize the area north of Orange River. A pro-republic uprising fails in Piedmont, one of the activists is Giuseppe Garibaldi, the British East India Company monopoly on China trade ends. Medical School of Louisiana is founded, later to become Tulane University in New Orleans, Charles Babbage begins the conceptual design of the Analytical Engine, a mechanical forerunner of the modern computer
4.
Women's Wear Daily
–
Womens Wear Daily is a fashion-industry trade journal sometimes called the bible of fashion. It is the publication of Fairchild Fashion Media, which is owned by Penske Media Corporation. The publisher of WWD is Paul Jowdy, and its editor-in-chief is Edward Nardoza, the final newsprint edition of WWD was printed on April 24,2015, and a weekly edition was launched on April 29,2015. The journal was founded by Edmund Fairchild on July 13,1910, john Fairchild, who became the European bureau chief of Fairchild Publications in 1955 and the publisher of WWD in 1960, improved WWDs standing by focusing on the human side of fashion. He turned his newspapers attention to the scene of fashion designers and their clients. Fairchild also played hardball to help his circulation, after two couturiers forbade press coverage until one month after buyers had seen their clothes, Fairchild published photos and sketches anyway. He even sent reporters to fashion houses disguised as messengers, or had them observe designers new styles from windows of buildings opposite fashion houses, I have learned in fashion to be a little savage, he wrote in his memoir. John Fairchild was publisher of the magazine from 1960 to 1996, under Fairchild, the companys feuds were also legendary. When a designers statements or work offended Fairchild, he would retaliate, in response, some designers forbade their representatives from speaking to WWD reporters or disinvited WWD reporters from their fashion shows. In general, though, those excluded kept their mouths shut, in 1999, Fairchild Publications was sold by the Walt Disney Company to Advance Publications, the parent company of Condé Nast Publications. As a result, Fairchild Publications became a unit of Condé Nast, though WWD was technically operated separately from Condé Nasts consumer publications such as Vogue, on August 19,2014, Conde Nast sold Womens Wear Daily to Penske Media Corporation. The purchase by PMC included WWDs sister publications Footwear News, Menswear, M Magazine, on April 12,2015, Womens Wear Daily announced on their website that they will launch a weekly print format from April 23 on. A Daily Digital edition of WWD is also available to subscribers, isadore Barmash, Edward Gold, Marvin Klapper, Sandy Parker, Sidney Rutberg, Mort Sheinman & Stanley Siegelman. Fashion, Retailing and a Bygone Era, Inside Womens Wear Daily—A Look Back
5.
Congressional Quarterly
–
Congressional Quarterly, Inc. or CQ, is part of a privately owned publishing company called CQ Roll Call that produces a number of publications reporting primarily on the United States Congress. CQ was acquired by the Economist Group and combined with Roll Call to form CQ Roll Call in 2009, as of 2009, CQ ceased to exist as a separate entity. CQ was founded in 1945 by Nelson Poynter and his wife, Henrietta Poynter, CQ has the largest news team covering Capitol Hill, with more than 100 reporters, editors and researchers. CQs readership includes 95 percent of the members of Congress, academic and media outlets, as well as members of business and nonprofit organizations, government affairs and the executive branch. Thomas N. Schroth, who had been managing editor of The Brooklyn Eagle, was elected in October 1955 as executive editor, Schroth built the publications impartial coverage, with annual revenue growing during his tenure from $150,000 when he started to $1.8 million. In addition to adding a division, Schroth added many staff members who achieved future journalistic success, including David S. Broder, Neal R. Peirce. In 1965, Poynter summed up his reasons for founding CQ, saying, The federal government will never set up an agency to check on itself. So it had to be a private enterprise beholden to its clients, despite its name, CQ was published quarterly for only one year. Demand drove more frequent updates, first weekly, then daily, CQ was also an early leader in delivering information on a real-time basis, starting with a dial-up service in 1984. Its website dominates the market for online legislative tracking information and has been nominated for several awards, in recent years, CQ has launched several web-only newsletters with greater focus on particular areas, including CQ Homeland Security, CQ BudgetTracker, and CQ HealthBeat. In 2005, CQs flagship publication, the Weekly Report, was re-launched as CQ Weekly with a focus, including government, commerce. A daily publication, CQ Today, also is every day when Congress is in session. CQ Todays main print competition is Atlantic Medias CongressDaily, until 2009, CQ was owned by the Times Publishing Company of St. Petersburg, Fla. publisher of the Tampa Bay Times and other publications. The Times Publishing Company is in turn owned by the Poynter Institute, the Economist Group acquired CQ, the terms of the deal were not disclosed. In 1999, CQ Executive Conferences was transferred to TheCapitol. Net, TheCapitol. Net is no longer an affiliate of Congressional Quarterly. In May 2008, CQ Press was purchased by SAGE Publications in its entirety, although it retains the name CQ Press, CQ Press is no longer an affiliate of Congressional Quarterly. Roll Call The Economist CQ Roll Call corporate website
6.
Politico Europe
–
Politico Europe is a Brussels-based European affairs weekly newspaper. Politico Europe debuted in print on April 23,2015, among the reporters who work for Politico are Ryan Heath, Tara Palmeri, Florian Eder, Alex Spence and Matthew Karnitschnig. European Voice was an English-language newspaper founded by The Economist Group in 1995, in 2013, it was sold to the French company Selectcom owned by Shéhérazade Semsar de Boisséson. The newspaper reports on the activities of the key European Union institutions, the European Commission, European Parliament, and Council of Ministers. The paper is available on subscription or by direct sale from a number of newsstands in Brussels, London, Luxembourg. European Voice maintained an independent stance regarding the affairs of the European Union, the majority of the papers articles cover the day-to-day business of the EU and its interactions in domestic and international affairs. There is also an editorial, a section, and a section for readers letters. Each week, it publishes a roughly 1, 000-word profile of a politician, official or public figure of influence or importance within the EU and particularly within Brussels. It regularly publishes a report on a specific issue, which is usually topical and examines the issue. The paper also has an Entre Nous column, which reports, often in a tone, on the more unusual stories of the week. Web-only material includes news articles and commentaries, sometimes longer and of a broader European character than the pieces within the newspaper. POLITICO organises and hosts series of conferences, seminars, fairs. E. Sharp New Europe EurActiv Euronews EUobserver Official website
7.
Economist Intelligence Unit
–
The EIU provides country, industry, and management analysis worldwide and incorporates the former Business International Corporation, a UK company acquired by its parent company in 1986. The EIU has several offices across the globe including two offices in China and one in Hong Kong, the Economist Intelligence Unit also produces regular reports on liveability and cost of living of the worlds major cities that receive wide coverage in international media. The Economist Intelligence Units Quality-of-Life Index is another noted report and its current Managing Director is Robin Bew, formerly the companys Editorial Director and Chief Economist. Headquartered in London, Bazian was founded by Vivek Muthu and Anna Donald in 1999, clearstate was founded in 2006 and is headquartered in Singapore. In July 2015, the Economist Intelligence Unit acquired Canback & Company, renamed EIU Canback, the firm was founded in 2004 and is headquartered in Boston. It was created to support a report conducted by The Economist Intelligence Unit’s Access China Service, CHAMPS, the report coined the acronym CHAMPS. In January 2011, the Unit released the Government Broadband Index that assesses countries on the basis of government planning, with ambitious targets for both the speed and coverage of next-generation broadband networks, the developed countries of Southeast Asia scored highest. According to the index, Greece is the country measured, due to its relatively low coverage target. Greece also suffers due to the size of its public-funding commitment as a percentage of overall government budget revenues. The goal of the study was to identify the most creative models used by businesses to hire. A full list of The EIUs special reports can be downloaded on their website, in November 2015 the Economist Intelligence Unit launched Market Explorer in Collaboration with EIU Canback. It is a tool which was designed to scan markets in various countries and cities across the globe
8.
Congress.org
–
Congress. org is a website run by the CQ-Roll Call Group, which provides information on actions of the United States Congress and news about federal advocacy and activism. One tool on the site helps users find their elected officials and send e-mail to them, Congress. org states on its website that it is a nonpartisan news and information website dedicated to encouraging civic participation. It was started by Capitol Advantage, a Virginia firm that provides software and its software products Capwiz and Knowledgis are described by Washington Technology as online software and services for lobbyists. In 2008, the Roll Call Group bought Capitol Advantage, the company, now known as the CQ-Roll Call Group, relaunched the website in 2009 with a focus on advocacy issues and general interest news on Congress. The site features reporting on grassroots activism and Congressional advocacy groups by Ambreen Ali and it also runs online videos featuring veteran Washington reporter Craig Crawford. The site has sponsorship from the American Beverage Association, whose members include The Coca-Cola Company, Dr Pepper, Gillette, Kraft Foods, Nestlé and PepsiCo, among others
9.
Walter Layton, 1st Baron Layton
–
Walter Thomas Layton, 1st Baron Layton CH CBE, was a British economist, editor, newspaper proprietor and Liberal Party politician. Layton was the son of Alfred John Layton of Woking, Surrey and he was educated at Kings College School, Westminster City School, University College, London and Trinity College, Cambridge. He became a lecturer in economics at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1908, then from 1909 to 1914 he was a Fellow of Gonville, a notable economist, Layton worked for the Ministry of Munitions during the First World War. In 1922 he was appointed editor of The Economist, a post he held until 1938 and his editorship was of profound importance to the newspaper, and he was probably the person to whom it owes most thanks for its survival and continued independence. He was editorial director of the News Chronicle, and returned to the Chronicle after the war and he was a member of the Liberal Party committee that produced Britains Industrial Future, otherwise known as the Little Yellow Book. He stood as a Liberal Parliamentary candidate, contesting the London University seat in 1929, Layton was again drafted in to work for the government during the Second World War, holding positions in the Ministry of Supply and the Ministry of Production. Head of Joint War Production Staff 1942 to 1943, after the war, he served as Vice-President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe from 1949 to 1957. Layton was made a CBE in 1917 and a Companion of Honour in 1919 and he was knighted in 1930 and in 1947 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Layton, of Danehill in the County of Sussex. Layton stood unsuccessfully for parliament three times as a Liberal and he fought Burnley in 1922, Cardiff South in 1923 and in 1929 he switched again to fight the London University seat. Their orbits were the Whitehall and Westminster villages and they moved in Fleet Street, the City, and Oxbridge circles. Among their contemporaries were Maynard Keynes, William Beveridge, Gilbert Murray, Layton would later chair the executive committee of the Liberal Industrial Inquiry which produced the celebrated Yellow Book of 1928. Lord Layton married Eleanor Dorothea Osmaston, daughter of Francis Beresford Plumptre Osmaston and they had seven children, Michael John Layton, 2nd Baron Layton married Dorothy Cross, two children Lt. Col. the Hon. David Layton MBE BA, educ. Jean Mary Layton, married Paul Eisler, two children The Hon. Olive Shirley Layton, actress, married Peter Gellhorn, conductor, four children The Hon. Ruth Francis Layton, served in ATS, married Edward Gutierrez Pegna, four children Layton died in February 1966, aged 81, new York, St Martins Press,1990, Layton, Christopher. Walter Layton in Brack et al, dictionary of Liberal Biography, Politicos Publishing 1998 pp217–219 Oxbury, Harold. Photograph, Jean Monnet and Lord Layton on European NAvigator
10.
James Wilson (businessman)
–
Wilson was born in Hawick in the Borders. His wealthy father William Wilson owned a mill, and his ancestors were local sheep farmers. He was the fourth of 15 children, of whom 10 reached adulthood and his mother died when James was young. A successful disciplined autodidact scholar from a Quaker family, he was destined to be a schoolmaster, after considering studying for election to the Faculty of Advocates, against his family religion, he decided to be schooled in economics. So at the age of 16, he became an apprentice in a hat factory, later, his father then bought the business for him and his elder brother, William. They left Scotland and moved to London, England, when James was 19, the brothers established a manufacturing factory—Wilson, Irwin & Wilson—that they dissolved in 1831. Wilson continued in the line of business with much success. During the economic crisis of 1837, he lost most of his wealth when the price of indigo fell, by 1839 he sold most of his property and avoided bankruptcy. However, in 1853 he founded The Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China, Wilson was generally opposed to privileging the Church of England, the secret ballot when it was proposed in 1853, and the Corn Laws. He wrote a pamphlet titled Influences of the Corn Laws, as all classes of the community. It slowly received positive feedback and Wilsons fame had grown and he then went on writing on currency, and especially The Revenue, or, What should the Chancellor do. He started to write for newspapers, including the Manchester Guardian, in 1843 he established The Economist as a newspaper to campaign for free trade, and acted as Chief editor and sole proprietor for sixteen years. His overarching goal to end vested interests in The Empires parliament wherever these promoted poverty or starvation as the Corn Laws most notably had done, an article Wilson wrote in opposition to the Ten Hours Bill was criticised by Karl Marx for misunderstaning profit and the working day. The Economist is still published today, now with a circulation of over 1.6 million globally. Wilson entered the House of Commons as Liberal Member of Parliament for Westbury, Wiltshire, because of his economic experience, prime minister Lord John Russell appointed him Secretary of the Board of Control in 1848, a post he held until the government fell in 1852. He then served as Financial Secretary to the Treasury between 1853 and 1858, firstly in Lord Aberdeens coalition government and secondly in Lord Palmerstons first administration, in 1857 he was returned to Parliament for Devonport. He again briefly held office under Palmerston as Paymaster-General and Vice-President of the Board of Trade between June and August 1859 and was sworn of the Privy Council the same year. In August 1859 Wilson resigned these offices and his seat in parliament to sit as the member of the Council of India
