1.
January 1910
–
The following events occurred in January 1910, Russia extended its boundaries to twelve miles off of its coasts. U. S. President William H. Taft opened the New Year by inviting the public private citizens to visit him in the White House. He shook hands with 5,575 people, twelve people in Sawtelle, California were fatally poisoned by a contaminated can of pears, served as dessert following dinner at the home of Mrs. D. G. Mrs. Valdez, her daughter, five grandchildren, two sons-in-law and three all died within days. An injunction was sought by the Wrights the next day against Louis Paulhan, curtis filed an interlocutory appeal and posted a $10,000 bond to stay the injunction. In a half billion dollar merger agreement, J. P. Morgans Guaranty Trust Company announced the acquisition of Levi P. Mortons Morton Trust, french aviator Léon Delagrange, who had set a flying speed record the previous Thursday, was killed during an airshow at Bordeaux. The wings on his Blériot monoplane broke as he was making a turn, on the same day, aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont escaped fatal injury when his Demoiselle airplane lost a wing at an altitude of 100 feet. He was entangled in wire, and spared from being thrown on impact, french forces under the command of Captain Fiegenschuh were massacred in a battle by the forces of the Sultan Dudmurrah in the Darfur region of the Sudan. The Montreal Canadiens played their first game, defeating the Cobalt Silver Kings, edouard Newsy Lalonde scored the first Canadiens goal. Governor-General Merlaud-Ponty ordered 1,400 troops to suppress the rebellion. Pinchots criticism of Interior Secretary Richard Ballinger, including a letter read on the floor of Congress, hubert Latham became the first person to fly an airplane to an altitude of more than one kilometer, breaking his own world record at Mourmelon-le-Grand, France. Born, Orval Faubus, Governor of Arkansas 1955–1967, at Huntsville, the agreement, executed by King Ugyen Wangchuk and British representative Charles Alfred Bell, kept the Himalayan kingdom separate from British India. Russian troops were sent in to maintain order, after several more interventions, Bukhara eventually became part of the Soviet Union and is now part of Uzbekistan. Parliament was dissolved in the United Kingdom, and new elections were held over a period beginning on January 15. Charcot Land, later proven to be an island, was named in honor Charcots father, the steamer Czarina wrecked on the rocks off of the coast of Marshfield, Oregon. Despite the attempts of city residents and the U. S. life-saving station, andover, Iowa, was incorporated as a city. Wireless receivers at buildings on Park Avenue, the Metropolitan Life Building, spains King Alfonso ordered the arrest of 80 high-ranking military officers suspected of plotting a coup, and removed the Captains General of Madrid, Valencia, Valladolid and Coronna. Police surrounded the Military Club in Madrid and took the officers inside into custody, the Shoshone River Dam, later the Buffalo Bill Dam, was completed in Wyoming
2.
February 1910
–
The following events occurred in February 1910, Wollert Konow became the new Prime Minister of Norway, taking over from Gunnar Knudsen. Elections for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom were completed, with the Liberal Party having 274 seats, Prime Minister Asquith retained power, with the Liberals forming a coalition with the Irish nationalists. Thirty-four coal miners were killed in an explosion of the Browder Coal Company in Drakesboro, the blast was believed to have been caused by a repairman entering a section with an uncovered lamp. August Euler became the first person to obtain a license from Germany. Billy Gohl, the Ghoul of Grays Harbour, was arrested in Aberdeen, Washington, for the murder of his former henchman Charley Hatberg, bringing his string of killings to an end. Gohl, a leader in the Sailors Union of the Pacific, was suspected in the murders of as many as 124 people whose bodies were found. Since Washington had recently abolished its death penalty, Gohl spent the rest of his life in prison, in the third mine disaster in as many days, sixty-eight miners were killed at the Palau coal mine at Las Esperanzas, in the State of Coahuila in Mexico. Initial reports blamed the explosion of someone lighting a cigarette inside the mine, Greytown, Nicaraguas Caribbean port, was bombarded for twenty minutes by the gunboat Ometepe, commandeered by rebel forces at war with the government of José Madriz. One hundred people died in the fighting, and nine buildings in Greytown were destroyed. The first pyloromyotomy, a surgery to correct the congenital narrowing of the path between the stomach and the intestines was performed in Edinburgh by Sir Harold Stiles. However, the procedure is named for Dr. Wilhelm Ramstedt, the village of Strome, Alberta was incorporated. Born, Robert Earl Jones, African-American actor, in Senatobia, wireless operator W. D Maginnis, continuously transmitted an S. O. S. and the coordinates, We are sinking our latitude is 32°10 longitude 76°30 Kentucky. Seaman, the operator on the steamship Alamo, picked up the signal 65 miles away, after more than four hours travel at full speed, the Alamo sighted the Kentucky, whose hold was, by then, more than half full of water. All forty-seven men on board were saved by lifeboats, which the sailors of the Alamo sent out in stormy waters, died, William C. Dillon County, South Carolina was created. The residents of Argentina saw airplanes for the first time, several aviators from France appeared at a show held as part of the South American nations centennial year celebrations. The $28,000,000 plan called for construction of 28 battleships,52 torpedo boats,94 submarines, edmond Rostands allegorical play Chantecler was presented for the first time, with Lucien Guitry in the title role as a rooster, and other actors portraying farm animals. The play opened at the Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin in Paris, boyce incorporated the BSA in the District of Columbia. Boyce, and with the help of attorney James West, then set about merging other scout groups into the organization, the town of Dyer, Indiana, was incorporated
3.
March 1910
–
The following events occurred in March 1910, The deadliest avalanche in American history killed 96 people, mostly railroad passengers who had been stranded by snow since February 24. Two different Great Northern Railway trains, on their way from Spokane to Seattle, had halted at Stevens Pass by heavy snowfall. Shortly after 1,00 a. m. a violent thunderstorm triggered the slide, general Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca, formerly the Minister of War, was elected President of Brazil, with 233,882 votes 126,690 for Ruy Barbosa to take office on November 15. Born, David Niven, English actor, and Archer John Porter Martin, English biochemist,1952 Nobel laureate, Obaldía was succeeded by Carlos Antonio Mendoza. U. S. Army Lieutenant Benjamin Foulois became the first American military airplane pilot when he made a flight of the Wright Military Flyer near Fort Sam Houston at 9,30 a. m. Plans to create the Rockefeller Foundation began after John D. Rockefeller, Morocco signed accords with France in Paris, permitting the French to occupy Casablanca and Oujda in return for military training, as part of refinancing of loans. Stock in Sears began trading on the New York Stock Exchange, a larger avalanche buried the group, killing 62 people. The city of Albion, Washington was incorporated, the Queen of Spades, by Pyotr Ilyich Tschaikovsky, became the first Russian opera to be performed at New Yorks Metropolitan Opera. Conducted by Gustav Mahler, the opera was sung in German rather than Russian and he held the title until 1914. Born, Samuel Barber, American composer, in West Chester, PA In Denver, in 1916, Jesse Shwayder introduced a suitcase so strong that he named it for the Biblical Samson, and in 1919, the name changed to the more famous Samsonite. The city of Prince Rupert, British Columbia, was incorporated, abbott Station, Florida, changed its name to Zephyrhills. Died, Carl Reinecke,85, German composer A typhoon in Japan struck at the Chiba and Iraki prefectures, destroying 84 boats and killing more than 1,100 people, full details reached the West three weeks later. Until then, movie studios had a policy of not releasing the names of their players, savarkar had crossed the English Channel and then boarded a train at Dover, and was picked up as he alighted from a train arriving at Victoria Station. Shortly after 8,00 p. m. the Lakeview Number 1 drilling rig, moments later, a column of oil 20 feet in diameter erupted. The Lakeview Gusher was the largest in United States history, producing nine million barrels of oil in eighteen months. President Taft asked Congress to consider taking charge of islands in the Bering Sea in order to protect the populations there from extinction. Frances Chamber of Deputies voted favorably on a confidence motion, the Prince Regent of China issued an edict setting a five-year period to educate the people before elections would be allowed. The Thanhouser Company released the first of more than one thousand motion pictures that it produced between 1910 and 1917, the Actors Children, a one-reel feature, starring Frank Hall Crane and Yale Boss
4.
April 1910
–
The following events occurred in April 1910, The Italian village of Cavahero, with fifty houses, was destroyed by lava from Mount Etna, but the inhabitants were all able to leave beforehand. Died, Robert W. Patterson,59, editor of the Chicago Tribune and he was survived by his wife, their three children, and Beatrice, his goose. Governor Crothers vetoed the bill on April 8, in Paris, Dr. Eugene Doyen announced that he had discovered a germ-destroying medicine, which he called mycolysine. Dr. Doyen claimed that the balm would stop skin cancer, aviator Hubert Le Blon became the sixth person in history to die in an airplane accident, while flying in stormy weather at San Sebastian, Spain. While in Rome, former U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt announced that he would not meet with Pope Leo XIII because of the Vaticans request that Roosevelt not meet first with local Methodists. In March, former Vice-President Charles W. Fairbanks declined an audience for the same reason, juan Vargas age 114 gives an account of his life including his experience at the Battle of the Alamo. Sri Aurobindo, formerly Aravinda Ghosh, arrived by ship in Pondicherry, the former activist for the independence of India from the British renounced terrorism in favor of spiritualism, and spent the last forty years of his life writing philosophical works. The city of Highland, Indiana, was incorporated, Socialist Emil Seidel was elected Mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was the first Socialist Party member to be elected to lead a major American city, the Abernathy Boys, Bud,10, and Temple,6, set off on their second long-distance journey, by themselves, on horseback. In 1909, they had captured the attention by riding from Tillman County, Oklahoma, to Santa Fe, New Mexico. This time, they decided to visit New York City, a journey of two months. A monument to the boys was unveiled in Frederick, Oklahoma, the Trans-Andean Tunnel opened, linking Chile and Argentina by rail. The city of Polson, Montana, was incorporated, died, Charles Follis,31, first African-American pro football player. In 1904, he was signed to Ohios Shelby Blues and it was not until 1972, after publication of John D. Weavers book The Brownsville Raid, that Army reopened the investigation, Turkish troops moved into Albania, at that time a part of the Ottoman Empire, to suppress a revolt over taxes. SMS Moltke, the first Moltke-class battlecruiser for the Imperial German Navy, was launched from Hamburg, the new class of ships had 32 big guns and thicker armor. The British House of Commons voted 339–237 in favor of Prime Minister Asquiths legislative veto resolution, Governor Crothers signed a bill permitting Maryland voters to decide on whether to approve the Digges Amendment to the Maryland Constitution. The Los Angeles Motordrome opened in Playa Del Rey, California, housing the a long motor race track made of wood
5.
May 1910
–
Refusing to rest and ignoring medical advice, the popular 69-year-old monarch developed bronchitis, then pneumonia, and was dead by Friday. Born, J. Allen Hynek, American UFO author, in Chicago, ward,80, American sculptor, and Pierre Nord Alexis,90, former President of Haiti,90 The United States Senate confirmed Charles Evans Hughes as a Supreme Court Justice, without debate. The U. S. Senate also voted to approve creation of the United States Bureau of Mines, as part of the Department of the Interior, President Taft signed the legislation on May 16. Edward Payson Weston walked into City Hall in New York City at 3,10 pm, homesteading of the Flathead Indian Reservation in Montana was permitted by the federal government, with the drawing of the first names in a lottery. The President of the United States returned to his hometown of Cincinnati, Ohio, at his own request, William Howard Taft was treated as an ordinary citizen as he renewed acquaintances. The city of Robins, Iowa, was incorporated, Canadian Naval Centennial, creating a force separate from Britains Royal Navy. The first two ships, designated HMCS for His Majestys Canadian Ship, were the Rainbow and the Niobe, the city of Cartago, Costa Rica, was destroyed by an earthquake that killed more than 1,500 people. Seventy coal miners were killed in an explosion at the Palos Coal and Coke Company at 1,30 p. m. at Walker County, the town of Hillsborough, California, was incorporated. The U. S. Weather Bureau, predecessor to the National Weather Service, set a record, an altitude of 23,826 feet was reached by the highest of ten kites on an 8 1⁄2 mile long steel wire. Dearfield, Colorado, was founded as a community by Oliver Toussaint Jackson. The town made a steady decline after World War I, Died, King Edward VII of the United Kingdom died at 11,45 p. m. after an illness of six days. After Oklahoma Governor Charles N. Haskells settled the dispute over which town should be the county seat of Adair County, the village of Stratford, Wisconsin, was incorporated. USS Cyclops, a U. S. Navy coal hauling ship, was launched, the ship would become famous in the world of the paranormal after its disappearance in 1918 while sailing, with 306 people on board, into the area known as the Bermuda Triangle. A total eclipse of the Sun was visible in New Zealand, the village of Acme, Alberta was incorporated. A fire at the General Explosives Company near Hull, Ontario set off a blast that killed fifteen people, most were spectators who ignored warnings to leave the area. The blast shattered windows in neighboring Ottawa, in elections in Spain, Premier José Canalejas retained his majority. Paul Weems, who had served at a lighthouse in the Philippines, had held in heavy chains for malfeasance of office. James Palace that closed with, God Save the King, the town of Powell, Wyoming, was incorporated
6.
June 1910
–
The first white settlements on the banks of Alaskas Iditarod River were made when a steamer brought gold prospectors to within eight miles of a gold strike. By August, there were two towns, each with 2,000 people, Iditarod and Flat, Charles Stewart Rolls became the first person to fly across the English Channel and back again without stopping. Rolls took off from Dover and turned around over Sangatte in France, elections were held in Hungary, granting the ruling parties a larger majority in Parliament. In fiction, June 2,1910, is the date of Quentin Compsons suicide in William Faulkners novel, The Sound, ecuador and Peru withdrew their troops from the border between the two nations as the first step in the mediation of their dispute. A group of Mayan Indian rebels attacked the town of Valladolid in Mexicos Yucatán, killed 40 people, the navy gunboat Morelos was dispatched from Vera Cruz to Mérida with 600 troops. A ballet adaptation of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakovs symphonic suite, Scheherazade, was first presented, harvey Cushing performed his first sublabial submucosal trans-sphenoidal approach while Oskar Hirsch first performed his submucosal trans-sphenoidal operation endonasally. William Sidney Porter, who, under the pen name O. Henry, was one of the most popular writers in America. O. Henry, who suffered from cirrhosis of the liver and diabetes, had published more than 250 stories in his lifetime, despite a large income from his writing, he was continuously broke. President Taft met with the presidents of the Western railroads, and then the day with the Presidents of the Pennsylvania Railroad, New York Central. All the companies agreed to suspend proposed rate increases, an earthquake struck Southern Italy at 3,00 a. m. killed scores of people. Mexican troops were dispatched to suppress an uprising by the Maya Indians in Yucatán, the towns of Byron, Wyoming, and Bucoda, Washington, were both incorporated. Born, John W. Campbell, American science fiction pioneer, editor of Astounding Science Fiction magazine, in Newark, New Jersey, japan and Russia reached an agreement on the division of territory in the Far East. Sir Charles Hardinge, British Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs, was appointed as the Viceroy of India, born, Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French undersea explorer, in Saint-André-de-Cubzac Torrential rains caused record floods throughout central Europe. The Ahr River overflowed in Germany, killing 200 people around Oberammergau, an armed mob in the town of Darrington, Washington, drove out 30 Japanese workers who had recently been hired by the United States Lumber Company. The men were given until Sunday morning to gather their effects, the Francisco Ferrer Association was created in New York City by 22 anarchists and sympathizers in memory of Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia. The Association founded a center, a school, and, in 1915. A 35-ton water tank, located on top of the four-story high Montreal Herald building, fell through the roof after one of its supports collapsed, halleys Comet was no longer visible, from Earth, with the naked eye, and would not be again until late 1985. The University of the Philippines Los Baños was opened as a college of agriculture, the United States Senate unanimously passed a bill extending statehood to the territories of Arizona and New Mexico
7.
July 1910
–
The following events occurred in July 1910, The Chicago White Sox played their first game at Comiskey Park, losing to the St. Louis Browns 2–0. Eighty-one seasons later, the White Sox would play their last game there, on September 30,1990, beating the Seattle Mariners, Died, Joseph Thomas,83, inventor of the hoop skirt. U. S. President Taft first employed a new power authorized under the General Withdrawal Act of 1910, born, Morris Cohen American Communist who became a spy for the Soviet Union, in New York. The show was marred by the death of aviator Charles Wachter, Jeffries in the fifteenth round of their bout in Reno, Nevada. A crowd of 18,020 attended, and telegraphed reports were followed across the nation, Johnson and Jeffries both made over $100,000 from the purse, bonuses, and the sale of film rights. In St. Petersburg, Russia and Japan signed a treaty in which divided their spheres of influence in Manchuria. Japan annexed Korea the next month, with no objection from Russia, klaus Berntsen became the new Prime Minister of Denmark. A safe and sane public education program reduced the number of serious injuries, there were 24 deaths and 1,294 injuries, down from 44 and 2,361 for July 4,1909. Nineteen people were killed in a collision at Middletown, Ohio. Bans were implemented in Washington, Atlanta, Baltimore, St. Louis, at Ogden, Utah, three white men cursed Johnson at a railway station and attempted to board his private train car, before being turned back by one of Johnsons trainers. In Washington, police arrested 236 people, mostly African-American, North Carolina Central University, a historically black university in Durham, North Carolina, near Duke University, held its first classes. Wilhelm Beckert, formerly the Chancellor of Germanys embassy in Chile, was executed by a squad in Santiago after his conviction of the February 5,1909 murder of a Chilean employee. Beckert, who had embezzled funds and set fire to the building in hopes of covering up the crime, was tried in a Chilean court after the German government waived objections to his trial. The U. S. government won its first suit against the manufacture of bleached flour, under the Pure Food, since 1905, the Alsop process had used nitrogen peroxide, which made wheat flour snow white, but removed the nutrients. Bleaching became permissible again after the FDA mandated vitamin enrichment of wheat flour, burke County, North Dakota, was established. The city of Redmond, Oregon, was incorporated, only three days after The Johnson-Jeffries Fight various states and cities in the USA declare they would not allow the screening of the footage. The picture is banned virtually everywhere in the South King Alfonso XIII of Spain approved legislation to further religious orders from entering Spain. The Vatican protested the action four days later, President Taft ordered the withdrawal of 35,073,164 acres of coalfield lands, in the western United States, from public use, with nearly half of it in North Dakota
8.
August 1910
–
The following events occurred in August 1910, An aviator, known only as Monsieur Baeder, became the first pilot to carry three passengers in an airplane. The total weight lifted into the air was 700 pounds, Baeder was killed nine days later, one of 53 aviators killed in the worst year for flying to that time. A boy in Sunderland, England, became the person to be killed on the ground by an airplane. French aviator Mathilde Franck clipped a flagpole and the plane struck the crowd, on October 18,1909, a woman in France had become the first such fatality. Oklahomas state constitution was amended to require literacy tests for all persons except descendants of persons who were free prior to the end of slavery, the last of the United Kingdoms Anti-Catholic Oaths, the 1672 Declaration of Attestation, was repealed by Act of Parliament and Royal Assent. The House of Commons had approved the legislation on July 27 by a vote of 410 to 84 and he was released after five days. Prime Minister of Canada Wilfrid Laurier was injured when the train he was on crashed head-on with a freight train, a crewmember was killed, while Lauriers injuries were described as minor. HMS Lion, first of the class of Royal Navy battlecruisers, was launched at Devonport. The largest warship to date, the Lion was 700 feet long, Brazil announced its intention to build the largest and most powerful battleship in history, the Rio de Janeiro. However, a downturn in the economy required Brazil to scale back its plans, outside a café in Leiden, Netherlands, Gustav Mahler met Sigmund Freud, and they conversed for four hours, before parting forever. Government troops attacked the Mujahidin in Atabak Park in Tehran on August 7,1910, residents of Council Bluffs, Iowa, were shaken by the sight and impact of a large meteor that impacted near the town during the afternoon. A project begun in 1903, to raise the city of Galveston, Texas, a railroad collision at Ignacio, California, killed 13 people. The city of Bethany, Oklahoma, was incorporated, William Jay Gaynor, the Mayor of New York City, was seriously wounded in an assassination attempt. Mayor Gaynor was preparing to board a liner for a European vacation, the first commercially successful, automatic, washing machine, invented by Alva J. Fisher, was granted U. S. The Thor machine was marketed by the Hurley Machine Company, the Sungari agreement, between Russia and China, was signed at Beijing, with China giving up claims for free trade on the border between the two empires. Explorer Roald Amundsen departed Norway on what was announced as his expedition to the North Pole. As it turned out, Amundsen and his crew were planning to race against Britains Robert F. Scott to reach the South Pole, the first oil well in Malaysia began yielding oil. Located at Miri, on Sarawak, Shell Oil Well No.1 produced 600,000 barrels of oil from 1910 to 1962, fifteen separate persons were indicted for murder by a jury in Newark, Ohio, as the result of a lynching on July 8
9.
September 1910
–
The requirement was mandatory until 1967. The Mormon Tabernacle Choirs music was recorded commercially for the first time, the choirs records and CDs have sold millions of copies since then. The strike of 70,000 of New Yorks garment workers ended after nine weeks and an estimated $100,000,000 worth of losses secondary to the strike. The major concession won was that each manufacturer was required to have a shop. Blanche Stuart Scott became the first American woman to make a flight in an airplane, taking off from Hammondsport, New York. A third bomb, which had failed to explode, was discovered later, the explosions proved to be a test run for a deadly attack in Los Angeles at the headquarters of the Los Angeles Times. Voters in the New Mexico territory selected 68 Republicans and 32 Democrats as delegates for a convention to write a state constitution, nicaraguas new President, General Juan Jose Estrada, announced the release of political prisoners and the promise to pay government troops. The Tallis Fantasia, a piece by British composer Ralph Vaughan Williams, was first performed. Vaughn Williams had drawn inspiration from a melody by 16th century composer Thomas Tallis, the melodies continue to be popular in film scores, including The Passion of the Christ. Died, Elias Fernandez Albano, who had become President of Chile three weeks earlier on the death of President Pedro Montt, the city of Mirassol, Brazil, was incorporated as São Pedro da Mata Una. The car ferry Pere Marquette No.18 was midway across Lake Michigan when it began taking on water. Because the ferries had been equipped with radio, operator Stephen F. Sczepanek was able to call Pere Marquette No.17 for assistance. While the ship was being evacuated, it sank, taking with it 29 people, including Sczepanek. U. S. Treasury Secretary Franklin MacVeagh outlined a plan to first proposal cut the size of United States currency, the bankers were at first unwilling to lend. At 4,00 pm, they listened to Wilfred Lelands account of the success of Cadillac, one of the GM component companies, ultimately, GM received the loan and avoided bankruptcy until June 1,2009. The largest oil strike, up to time, in Mexicos history was realized at the Juan Casiano Basin near Tampico. Nicaraguas new President, Juan José Estrada, announced that elections would not take place for a year. A cave-in of the old Erie Railroad Tunnel in Jersey City, New Jersey, killed eleven workers, physicist William David Coolidge discovered a method of creating ductile tungsten after four years of research at General Electric, making the fragile substance useful for light bulb filaments
10.
October 1910
–
The following events occurred in October 1910, Los Angeles Times bombing, At 1,07 a. m. PST, a bomb planted outside the offices of the Los Angeles Times detonated. The 16 sticks of dynamite triggered the explosion of gas lines. Twenty-three American sailors, from the battleship USS New Hampshire, drowned when their launch capsized, federico Boyd became acting President of Panama. A coal mine explosion at Palaú, in the Coahuila state of Mexico, the first mid-air collision between two airplanes occurred in Milan, when an Antoinette monoplane, piloted by Rene Thomas of France, rammed a Farman biplane being flown by Bertram Dickson. Both pilots were injured in the crash, born, Bonnie Parker, American outlaw and partner of Clyde Barrow. Both would be killed in 1934, the asteroid Interamnia, seventh largest in the Solar System was discovered by Italian astronomer Vincenzo Cerulli from an observatory in Teramo. The Tsucheng-yuan, also known as the Imperial Senate of China, was convened for the first time, with an opening presided over by the regent, Prince Chun. The national assembly had 202 members, of whom 100 were elected by provincial assemblies, died, Lucy Hobbs Taylor,77, first American woman dentist to have received a D. D. S. Died, Johann F.59, a patient of Dr. Alois Alzheimer at the University of Munich, the case of dementia in Johann F. was described by Dr. Alzheimer in 1911, and the name given to the illness was popularized. Thirty-seven people were killed and 30 injured near Staunton, Illinois, teófilo Braga was named as the first President of Portugal by revolutionists who abolished the monarchy. Russias Prime Minister, Pyotr Stolypin, flew as a passenger in an airplane at St. Petersburg, six days later, former American President Theodore Roosevelt would fly as an airplane passenger in St. Louis. Charles H. Harris and Louis R. Sadler, Former King Manuel II, eleftherios Venizelos was elected Prime Minister of Greece for the first of his seven non-consecutive terms. Baseball outfielder Bill Collins of the Boston Doves became the first major league player to hit for a natural cycle, only 13 other players have accomplished the feat, the most recent being Gary Matthews, Jr. in 2006. Baudette Fire of 1910, Forest fires broke out in northern Minnesota, destroying the towns of Baudette, Spooner, Graceton, lake of the Woods Historical Society Trains sent by the Canadian Pacific Railway evacuated many of the townspeople to Ontario, where the fires caused additional damage. By October 11, more than 200 bodies had been recovered, the toll was estimated at 400. Born, Ngo Dinh Nhu, South Vietnamese political boss and brother of President Ngo Dinh Diem, both were assassinated in a coup in 1963. The Battle of Cameron Dam came to an end, with frontiersman John F. Deitz surrendering to a force of 60 Sheriffs deputies in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, for six years, Deitz had maintained a log dam on the Thornapple River and claimed it as his own
11.
November 1910
–
The following events occurred in November 1910, In legislative elections in Cuba, the Liberal Party retained control despite gains by the Conservatives. A plot to overthrow the government of Peru was foiled, tsar Nicholas II of Russia approved a measure extending the area in which Russian Jews could reside. Portugals military forces threatened to overthrow the newly created Republic after pay raises were slow in coming, General Tanaka Giichi established the Teikoku Zaigo Gunjinkai, open to former members of Japans Army as well as to civilian volunteers. By 1936, there were three members of the association, providing political support for military control of Japan. The expulsion of the last of the orders from Portugal was concluded. President Taft issued a denial, following a meeting with the Panamanian ambassador. Arosemena, of rumors that the United States was considering the annexation of the Republic of Panama, an Imperial decree was issued by the regent in the name of the Emperor of China, moving up the date for creation of the first Chinese Parliament, from 1915 to 1913. Another Imperial edict directed that all Chinese diplomats abroad must cut their hair to remove their queues, tsar Nicholas II of Russia arrived in Potsdam as a guest of Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany. From their discussions came an agreement to divide their spheres of influence in Persia, the Insane Asylum in Brandon, Manitoba, was destroyed by fire, but all 600 of the inmates were rescued. Portugals government granted amnesty to all prisoners and cut the sentences of other criminals by one-third. Indiana University held what it claims to be the first homecoming game, credit for inventing the idea of an alumni homecoming has also been claimed for earlier games by Baylor University, and Indianas opponent that day, the University of Illinois. Indiana and Illinois played to a 0-0 tie that day, residents of Boggy, Florida, gave their city the more pleasant name of Niceville. What has been described as The Post-Impressionist Scandal took place in London, British critics compared Post-Impressionism to anarchism in the art world. Died, Giuseppe Cesare Abba,72, Italian patriot and writer Sculptures of Vishnu, the HCMS Rainbow arrived at Esquimault, British Columbia, to begin its service as the second ship of the Royal Canadian Navy, and the only RCN ship to patrol Canadas Pacific coast. The other RCN ship, HCMS Niobe was used in the Atlantic, the towns of Taft, California, and Granum, Alberta, were both incorporated. The comic operetta Naughty Marietta, produced by Victor Herbert, premiered on Broadway, some sources list November 7 as the date of Leo Tolstoys death, based on the old-style Julian calendar used in Russia at the time. In the Gregorian calendar used by the rest of the world and later adopted by Russia, United States House of Representatives elections,1910, The Republican Party lost 57 seats and its 219 to 172 majority in the House. The 62nd United States Congress would have 230 Democrats,162 Republicans, one Progressive Republican, representative Victor L. Berger of Milwaukee
12.
December 1910
–
The following events occurred in December 1910, Porfirio Diaz was inaugurated for his eighth term as President of Mexico. Foreign Minister Sergei Sazonov and Finance Minister Vladimir Kokovtsov persuaded the Council to delay on an action that would have led to war, voting began on elections for the British House of Commons, with 135 races decided on the first day. The Paris Motor Show commenced, where modern neon lighting was first demonstrated publicly by French inventor Georges Claude, claudes neon-filled glass tubes opened a new era in signage and led to fluorescent lighting. Died, Mary Baker Eddy,89, American religious leader and founder of Christian Science, died, John H. Barker, auto manufacturer and owner of Haskell-Barker Motor Company, and his wife, in an accident in Michigan City, Indiana. The Barkers 14-year-old daughter, Catherine, was the heir to an estate of $30,000,000 making her one of the richest girls in the world. In the Mexican city of Chihuahua, Mexico, an attempt by a peace commission, the Italian Nationalist Association, a right wing party which would, in 1921 merge with Benito Mussolinis National Fascist Party, was founded by Luigi Federzoni. The Government of Australia introduced a nationwide Invalid Pension plan, now called the Disability Support Pension, died, Jerome Coleman, American musical composer and former millionaire who reportedly lost $3,000,000 in later years, by suicide from natural gas. An antitrust suit was brought in Detroit against the manufacturers of bathtubs and plumbing supplies. George W. Wickersham, the U. S. Attorney General, obtained an indictment against 16 firms said to have control of 35% of enamel, ironware, tubs, sinks and lavatories in the United States. Bolivian troops ambushed a garrison of Peruvian guards in a battle at the border region at Guayabal. Aviator Georges Legagneux became the first person to fly a higher than 10,000 feet. Two members of the Cuban House of Representatives traded gunfire on a street in Havana, sr. Molen died at the scene, and Gen. Sanchez Figuera was mortally wounded. A methane gas explosion at the Western Canadian Collieries mine in Bellevue, Alberta, the proposed state constitution for Arizona was adopted by a vote of 40–12 by delegates, and submitted for voter approval on February 9,1911. A controversial provision, permitting the recall of judges, was included, divide County, North Dakota, was established. The results of the 1910 United States Census were announced by the U. S. Census Bureau, which reported that on April 15,1910, the population of the continental United States, was 91,972,266. Adding Alaska, Hawaii, the Philippines, American Samoa, two hundred mutineers killed or seriously wounded. The government of Turkey survived a vote of confidence in the Chamber of Deputies by a margin of 123 to 63, the city of San Joaquin was incorporated in the Iloilo province of the Philippines. In Paris, French inventor Georges Claude first demonstrated the neon lamp, using a current and a sealed tube of neon gas
13.
2nd millennium
–
The second millennium was a period of time that began on January 1,1001 and ended on December 31,2000 of the Gregorian calendar. It was the period of one thousand years in the Anno Domini or Common Era. The Renaissance saw the beginning of the migration of humans from Europe, Africa. The interwoven international trade led to the formation of multi-national corporations, international business ventures reduced the impact of nationalism in popular thought. The world population doubled over the first seven centuries of the millennium, consequently, unchecked human activity had considerable social and environmental consequences, giving rise to extreme poverty, climate change and biotic crisis. The 2nd millennium was a period of time began on January 1,1001. It was the period of one thousand years in the Anno Domini or Common Era. The Julian calendar was used in Europe at the beginning of the millennium, so the end date is always calculated according to the Gregorian calendar, but the beginning date is usually according to the Julian calendar. Stephen Jay Gould argued that it is not possible to decide if the millennium ended on December 31,1999, or December 31,2000. The second millennium is perhaps more popularly thought of as beginning and ending a year earlier, thus starting at the beginning of 1000 and finishing at the end of 1999. Many public celebrations for the end of the millennium were held on December 31,1999 – January 1, the civilizations in this section are organized according to the UN geoscheme. The events in this section are organized according to the UN geoscheme, the people in this section are organized according to the UN geoscheme. See also Lists of people by nationality Category, People by century Category, People by nationality and period Gottlieb, Agnes Hooper, Henry Gottlieb, Barbar Bowers,1,000 Years,1,000 People, Ranking the Men and Women Who Shaped the Millennium
14.
19th century
–
The 19th century was the century marked by the collapse of the Spanish, Napoleonic, Holy Roman and Mughal empires. After the defeat of the French Empire and its allies in the Napoleonic Wars, the Russian Empire expanded in central and far eastern Asia. By the end of the century, the British Empire controlled a fifth of the worlds land, the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain and spread to continental Europe, North America and Japan. The Victorian era was notorious for the employment of children in factories and mines, as well as strict social norms regarding modesty. Japan embarked on a program of rapid modernization following the Meiji Restoration, before defeating China, under the Qing Dynasty, europes population doubled during the 19th century, from approximately 200 million to more than 400 million. Numerous cities worldwide surpassed populations of a million or more during this century, London became the worlds largest city and capital of the British Empire. Its population increased from 1 million in 1800 to 6.7 million a century later, liberalism became the pre-eminent reform movement in Europe. Slavery was greatly reduced around the world, following a successful slave revolt in Haiti, Britain and France stepped up the battle against the Barbary pirates and succeeded in stopping their enslavement of Europeans. The UKs Slavery Abolition Act charged the British Royal Navy with ending the slave trade. The first colonial empire in the century to abolish slavery was the British, americas 13th Amendment following their Civil War abolished slavery there in 1865, and in Brazil slavery was abolished in 1888. Similarly, serfdom was abolished in Russia, in the 19th century approximately 70 million people left Europe, with most migrating to the United States of America. The 19th century also saw the creation, development and codification of many sports, particularly in Britain. Also, ladywear was a sensitive topic during this time. 1801, Ranjit Singh crowned as King of Punjab,1801, Napoleon signs the Concordat of 1801 with the Pope. 1801, Cairo falls to the British,1801, Assassination of Tsar Paul I of Russia. 1802, Ludwig van Beethoven performs his Moonlight Sonata for the first time,1803, William Symington demonstrates his Charlotte Dundas, the first practical steamboat. 1803, The United States more than doubles in size when it buys out Frances territorial claims in North America via the Louisiana Purchase. This begins the U. S. s westward expansion to the Pacific referred to as its Manifest Destiny which involves annexing and conquering land from Mexico, Britain,1803, The Wahhabis of the First Saudi State capture Mecca and Medina
15.
20th century
–
The 20th century was a century that began on January 1,1901 and ended on December 31,2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium and it is distinct from the century known as the 1900s, which began on January 1,1900 and ended on December 31,1999. It saw great advances in communication and medical technology that by the late 1980s allowed for near-instantaneous worldwide computer communication, the term short twentieth century was coined to represent the events from 1914 to 1991. It took all of history up to 1804 for the worlds population to reach 1 billion, world population reached 2 billion estimates in 1927, by late 1999. Globally approximately 45% of those who were married and able to have children used contraception, 40% of pregnancies were unplanned, the century had the first global-scale total wars between world powers across continents and oceans in World War I and World War II. The century saw a shift in the way that many people lived, with changes in politics, ideology, economics, society, culture, science, technology. The 20th century may have seen more technological and scientific progress than all the other centuries combined since the dawn of civilization, terms like ideology, world war, genocide, and nuclear war entered common usage. It was a century that started with horses, simple automobiles, and freighters but ended with high-speed rail, cruise ships, global commercial air travel and the space shuttle. Horses, Western societys basic form of transportation for thousands of years, were replaced by automobiles and buses within a few decades. Humans explored space for the first time, taking their first footsteps on the Moon, mass media, telecommunications, and information technology made the worlds knowledge more widely available. Advancements in medical technology also improved the health of many people, rapid technological advancements, however, also allowed warfare to reach unprecedented levels of destruction. World War II alone killed over 60 million people, while nuclear weapons gave humankind the means to annihilate itself in a short time, however, these same wars resulted in the destruction of the Imperial system. For the first time in history, empires and their wars of expansion and colonization ceased to be a factor in international affairs, resulting in a far more globalized. The last time major powers clashed openly was in 1945, and since then, technological advancements during World War I changed the way war was fought, as new inventions such as tanks, chemical weapons, and aircraft modified tactics and strategy. After more than four years of warfare in western Europe, and 20 million dead. The regime of Tsar Nicholas II was overthrown during the conflict, Russia became the first communist state, at the beginning of the period, Britain was the worlds most powerful nation, having acted as the worlds policeman for the past century. Meanwhile, Japan had rapidly transformed itself into an advanced industrial power. Its military expansion into eastern Asia and the Pacific Ocean culminated in an attack on the United States
16.
21st century
–
The 21st century is the current century of the Anno Domini era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. It began on January 1,2001 and will end on December 31,2100 and it is the first century of the 3rd millennium. It is distinct from the time known as the 2000s. The long term effects of increased globalization are not known, the Arab Spring of the early 2010s led to mixed outcomes in the Arab world. The Digital Revolution which began around the 1980s also continues into the present, millennials and Generation Z come of age and rise to prominence in this century. The completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003 marks the rise of life sciences, making mankinds long-held dreams, such as curing cancer. By the 2010s, gene therapy, first performed somatically in late 1990 and heritably in 1996, showed promise but remains an experimental, by 2013, about 80% of the worlds population used mobile phones. An estimated 33% owned personal computers in 2010, and 46% used the Internet by 2016, the International Energy Agency estimates that 83% of the global population has access to electricity as of 2013 with the percentage projected to increase to 88% by 2030. The world population was about 6.1 billion at the start of the 21st century and it had reached 7.3 billion in 2015, and is estimated to reach about 9.37 billion by the year 2050. There is a debate among experts and the public on how to pronounce specific years of the 21st century in English. A less common variation would have been twenty nought-five, the Vancouver Olympics, which took place in 2010, was being officially referred to by Vancouver 2010 as the twenty-ten Olympics. The latest timeframes for change are usually placed at 2020, kubrick said he did this in the hope that if the film became popular, it would influence the pronunciation of that year. See the timeline of the 21st century, genocide still remains a problem in this century with the concern of the war in Darfur and the growing concern in Sri Lanka. Also controversies from past genocides remain commonplace in the minds of victims, 1998–2002 – The Second Congo War continued into the early 21st century. A1999 ceasefire quickly broke down and a UN peacekeeping mission, Laurent Kabila, president of the DRC, was assassinated in January 2001 and his son, Joseph Kabila, took power. Throughout 2002 steps were made towards peace and Rwanda and Uganda both removed their troops from the country, on December 17,2002, a massive treaty officially ended the war. However, the DRC only holds power in less than half of the country, with most of the eastern and northern portions still controlled by rebel groups, in addition, Rwanda still supports anti-DRC rebels and anti-Rwandan rebels continue to operate from the DRC. The war killed an estimated 3.9 million people, displaced nearly 5.5 million, Severe human rights violations continue to be reported
17.
1890s
–
The phrase, The Gay Nineties, was not coined until the 1920s. This decade was also part of the Gilded Age, a phrase coined by Mark Twain, alluding to the seemingly profitable era that was riddled with crime and poverty. In the United States, the 1890s were marked by an economic depression sparked by the Panic of 1893. As of January 23,2017, there is only 1 verified living person who was born in the 1890s. On December 29,1890,365 troops of the US 7th Cavalry, supported by four Hotchkiss guns, surrounded an encampment of Miniconjou and Hunkpapa Sioux near Wounded Knee Creek, the Army had orders to escort the Sioux to the railroad for transport to Omaha, Nebraska. One day earlier, the Sioux had been cornered and agreed to themselves in at the Pine Ridge Agency in South Dakota. They were the very last of the Sioux to do. the process of disarming the Sioux, the 7th Cavalry quickly suppressed the Sioux fire, and the surviving Sioux fled, but US cavalrymen pursued and killed many who were unarmed. By the time it was over, about 146 men, women, twenty-five troopers also died, some believed to have been the victims of friendly fire as the shooting took place at point-blank range in chaotic conditions. Around 150 Lakota are believed to have fled the chaos, with a number later dying from hypothermia. The incident is noteworthy as the engagement in history in which the most Medals of Honor have been awarded in the military history of the United States. This was the last tribe to be invaded which broke the backbone of the American Indian Wars,1891, Chilean Civil War fought from January to September. José Manuel Balmaceda, President of Chile, and the Chilean Army loyal to him face Jorge Montts Junta, the latter was formed by an alliance between the National Congress of Chile and the Chilean Navy. 1891, Tobacco Protest in Qajar dynasty Persia, on March 20,1890, Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Shah of Iran granted a concession to Major G. F. Talbot for a full monopoly over the production, sale, and export of tobacco for fifty years. In exchange, Talbot paid the shah an annual sum of £15,000 in addition to a quarter of the profits after the payment of all expenses. Now they were forced to seek permits from the Tobacco Régie as well as required to inform the concessionaires of the amount of tobacco produced, during the spring of 1891 mass protests against the Régie began to emerge in major Iranian cities. Initially it was the bazaaris who led the opposition under the conviction that it was their income, the reference to the Hidden Imam, a critical person in Shia Islam, meant that Shirazi was using the strongest possible language to oppose the Régie. Initially there was skepticism over the legitimacy of the fatwa, however Shirazi would later confirm the declaration,1892, The Johnson County War in Wyoming. Actually this range war took place in April 1892 in Johnson County, Natrona County, the combatants were the Wyoming Stock Growers Association and the Northern Wyoming Farmers and Stock Growers Association
18.
1900s (decade)
–
The 1900s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1900, and ended on December 31,1909. The term nineteen-hundreds can also equally be used for the years 1900–1999, the Edwardian era covers a similar span of time. There are several varieties of how individual years of the decade are pronounced in English. Using 1906 as an example, they are nineteen-oh-six, nineteen-six, which variety is most prominent depends somewhat on global region and generation. In American English, nineteen-oh-six is the most common, nineteen-six is less common, nineteen-ought-six is recognized, the strength of the comedic effect diminished during the aughts of the next century, as the public grew used to questioning how to refer to an ohs or aughts decade. Russo-Japanese War establishes the Empire of Japan as a world power, battle of Riyadh was a minor battle of the Unification of Saudi Arabia. Battle of Dilam was a battle of the Unification War between Rashidi and Saudi rebels. First Saudi–Rashidi War was engaged between the Saudi loyal forces of the newborn Emirate of Riyadh versus the Emirate of Hail, demand for Home Rule for Ireland Herero and Namaqua Genocide in German South-West Africa. January 1,1901, British colonies in Australia federate, forming the Commonwealth of Australia May 20,1902 — Cuba gains independence from the United States, june 7,1905 — The Norwegian Parliament declares the union with Sweden dissolved, and Norway achieves full independence. October 5,1908 — Bulgaria declares its independence from the Ottoman Empire, April 19,1902 — A magnitude 7.5 earthquake rocks Guatemala, killing 2,000. May 8,1902 — In Martinique, Mount Pelée erupts, destroying the town of Saint-Pierre, April 7,1906 — Mount Vesuvius erupts and devastates Naples. September 18,1906 — A typhoon and tsunami kill an estimated 10,000 in Hong Kong, January 14,1907 — An earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000. December 28,1908 — An earthquake and tsunami destroys Messina, Sicily and Calabria, April 26,1900 — The Great Lumber Fire of Ottawa–Hull kills 7 and leaves 15,000 homeless. The fire began on a wharf and spread to the adjacent piers, warehouses, may 3,1901 — The Great Fire of 1901 begins in Jacksonville, FL, USA. July 10,1902 – The Rolling Mill Mine disaster in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, August 10,1903 — Paris Métro train fire. December 30,1903 — A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago, February 7,1904 — The Great Baltimore Fire in Baltimore, USA destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours. June 15,1904 — A fire aboard the steamboat General Slocum in New York Citys East River kills 1,021, june 28,1904 — The Danish ocean liner SS Norge runs aground and sinks close to Rockall, killing 635, including 225 Norwegian emigrants. January 22,1906 — The SS Valencia strikes a reef off Vancouver Island, Canada, the 1900s were marked by several notable assassinations and assassination attempts, July 29,1900 — King Umberto I of Italy is assassinated by Italian-born anarchist Gaetano Bresci
19.
1910s
–
The 1910s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1910, and ended on December 31,1919. The 1910s represented the culmination of European militarism which had its beginnings during the half of the 19th century. The murder triggered a chain of events in which, within 33 days, the conflict dragged on until a truce was declared on November 11,1918, leading to the controversial, one-sided Treaty of Versailles, which was signed on June 28,1919. However, each of these states had large German and Hungarian minorities, the decade was also a period of revolution in a number of countries. Russia also had a similar fate, since World War I led to a collapse in morale as well as to economic chaos and this atmosphere encouraged the establishment of Bolshevism, which was later renamed as communism. Like the Mexican Revolution, the Russian Revolution of 1917, known as the October Revolution, much of the music in these years was ballroom-themed. Many of the restaurants were equipped with dance floors. Prohibition in the United States began January 16,1919, with the ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution, armenian Genocide during and just after World War I. Wadai War Italo-Turkish War First Balkan Wars – two wars took place in South-eastern Europe in 1912 and 1913. Saudi-Ottoman War Latvian War of Independence - a military conflict in Latvia between the Republic of Latvia and the Russian SFSR. The Russian Revolution is the term for the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917. April 13,1919 - The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, at Amritsar in the Punjab Province of British India, sows the seeds of discontent, xinhai Revolution causes the overthrow of Chinas ruling Qing Dynasty, and the establishment of the Republic of China. Madero proclaims the elections of 1910 null and void, and calls for a revolution at 6 p. m. against the illegitimate presidency/dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz. The revolution lead to the ouster of Porfirio Díaz six months later, the Revolution progressively becomes a civil war with multiple factions and phases, culminating with the Mexican Constitution of 1917, but combat would persist for three more years. Germany abolishes its monarchy and becomes under the rule of a new elected government called the Weimar Republic, federal Reserve Act is passed by United States Congress, establishing a Central Bank in the US. George V becomes king in Britain, fourteen Points as designed by United States President Woodrow Wilson advocates the right of all nations to self-determination. Rise to power of the Bolsheviks in Russia under Vladimir Lenin, creating the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic, easter Rising against the British in Ireland, eventually leads to Irish independence. Several nations in Eastern Europe get their own state, thereby replacing major multiethnic empires
20.
1920s
–
The 1920s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1920, and ended on December 31,1929. French speakers refer to the period as the Années folles, emphasizing the social, artistic. The economic prosperity experienced by many countries during the 1920s was similar in nature to that experienced in the 1950s and 1990s, each period of prosperity was the result of a paradigm shift in global affairs. These shifts in the 1920s, 1950s, and 1990s, occurred in part as the result of the conclusion of World War I and Spanish flu, World War II, the 1920s saw foreign oil companies begin operations throughout South America. Venezuela became the second largest oil producing nation. In some countries the 1920s saw the rise of political movements. Communism spread as a consequence of the October Revolution and the Bolsheviks’ victory in the Russian Civil War, fear of the spread of Communism led to the emergence of far right political movements and fascism in Europe. The devastating Wall Street Crash in October 1929 is generally viewed as a harbinger of the end of 1920s prosperity in North America, the Roaring Twenties brought about several novel and highly visible social and cultural trends. These trends, made possible by sustained economic prosperity, were most visible in major cities like New York, Chicago, Paris, Berlin, “Normalcy” returned to politics in the wake of hyper-emotional patriotism during World War I, jazz blossomed, and Art Deco peaked. For women, knee-length skirts and dresses became socially acceptable, as did bobbed hair with a marcel wave, the women who pioneered these trends were frequently referred to as flappers. The media began to focus on celebrities, especially sports heroes, large baseball stadiums were built in major U. S. cities, in addition to palatial cinemas. Most independent countries passed womens suffrage after 1918, especially as a reward for support of the war effort and endurance of its deaths. Egypt officially becomes an independent country through the Declaration of 1922, though it remains under the military. Prohibition was finally repealed in 1933, organized crime turns to smuggling and bootlegging of liquor, led by figures such as Al Capone, boss of the Chicago Outfit. The Immigration Act of 1924 places restrictions on immigration, the major sport was baseball and the most famous player was Babe Ruth. The Lost Generation, was the name Gertrude Stein gave to American writers, poets, and artists living in Europe during the 1920s. A peak in the early 1920s in the membership of the Ku Klux Klan of four to five million members, followed by a rapid decline down to an estimated 30,000 members by 1930. The Scopes Trial, which declared that John T. Scopes had violated the law by teaching evolution in schools, major armed conflict in Ireland including Irish War of Independence resulting in Ireland becoming an independent country in 1922 followed by the Irish Civil War
21.
1930s
–
The 1930s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1930, and ended on December 31,1939. In response, authoritarian regimes emerged in countries in Europe and South America. The 1930s also saw a proliferation of new technologies, especially in the fields of aviation, radio. Colombia–Peru War – fought between the Republic of Colombia and the Republic of Peru, Chaco War – the war was fought between Bolivia and Paraguay over the disputed territory of Gran Chaco resulting in an overall Paraguayan victory in 1935. An agreement dividing the territory was made in 1938, officially ending outstanding differences, saudi–Yemeni War – was a war between Saudi Arabia and Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen. Second Sino-Japanese War – fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan, the Second Sino-Japanese War was the largest Asian war in the 20th century. It also made up more than 50% of the casualties in the Pacific War, World War II breaks out on September 1,1939 Chinese Civil War - The ruling Kuomintang and the rebel Communist Party of China fight a civil war for control of China. The Communists consolidated territory in the early 1930s and proclaimed a short-lived Chinese Soviet Republic that collapsed upon Kuomintang attacks, the Kuomintang and Communists attempted to put away their differences after 1937 to fight the Japanese occupation of China, but intermittent clashes continued through the remainder of the 1930s. Spanish Civil War – Germany and Italy back anti-communist Falange forces of Francisco Franco, the Soviet Union and international communist parties back the left-wing republican faction in the war. The war ends in April 1939 with Francos nationalist forces defeating the republican forces, Franco becomes Head of State of Spain, President of Government and de facto dictator. The Republic gives way to the Spanish State, an authoritarian dictatorship, Hitler pulls Germany out of the League of Nations, but hosts the 1936 Summer Olympics to show his new reich to the world as well as the supposed superior athleticism of his Aryan troops/athletes. Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, attempts the appeasement of Hitler in hope of avoiding war by allowing the dictator to annex the Sudetenland, later signing the Munich Agreement and promising constituents Peace for our time. He was ousted in favor of Winston Churchill in May 1940, some 267 synagogues were destroyed, and thousands of homes and businesses were ransacked. Kristallnacht also served as the pretext for the confiscation of firearms from German Jews. Germany and Italy pursue territorial expansionist agendas, Germany demands the annexation of the Federal State of Austria and of other German-speaking territories in Europe. Between 1935 and 1936, Germany recovers the Saar and remilitarizes the Rhineland, Germany and Italy improve relations by forming an alliance against communism in 1936 with the signing of the Anti-Comintern Pact. Germany annexes Austria in the event known as the Anschluss, the annexation of the Sudetenland followed negotiations which resulted in the Munich Agreement of 1938. The Italian invasion of Albania in 1939 succeeds in turning the Kingdom of Albania into an Italian protectorate, the vacant Albanian throne was claimed by Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
22.
1907
–
As of the start of 1907, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 6 – The first Montessori school and daycare center for working class children opens in Rome, january 14 –1907 Kingston earthquake, An earthquake, in Kingston, Jamaica kills more than 1,000. March The 1907 Romanian Peasants Revolt results in possibly as many as 11,000 deaths. The Diamond Sūtra, a woodblock printed Buddhist scripture dated 868, is discovered by Aurel Stein in the Mogao Caves in China, march 5 – At the opening of the new State Duma in Saint Petersburg, Russia,40,000 demonstrators are dispersed by Russian troops. March 15–March 16 – Elections to the new Parliament of Finland are the first in the world with woman candidates, march 22 – The first taxicabs with taximeters begin operating in London. March 25 – The first university sports federation in Europe is established in Hungary with the participation or support of the associations of ten universities and colleges, march 28 – Volcanic eruption of Ksudach in the Kamchatka Peninsula. May 13 – The 5th Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party convenes in secret in London, june 10–August 10 – Peking to Paris motor race, won by Prince Scipione Borghese driving a 7-litre 35/45 hp Itala. June 15 – The Second Hague Peace Conference opens at The Hague, june 26 – Tiflis bank robbery, Bolsheviks attack a cash-filled bank coach in the centre of Tiflis, Georgia, killing forty people. July 1 – The Orange River Colony gains autonomy as the Orange Free State, july 21 – The SS Columbia sinks after colliding with the lumber schooner San Pedro off Shelter Cove, California, U. S. A. resulting in 88 deaths. July 24 – The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907 brings the government, august 1–9 – Robert Baden-Powell leads the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island, England. August 29 – The partially completed superstructure of the Quebec Bridge collapses entirely, september 7 – British passenger liner RMS Lusitania sets out on her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York City. September 26 – New Zealand and Newfoundland become dominions, the committee ultimately decides to reform Esperanto. October 17 – Guglielmo Marconi initiates commercial transatlantic radio communications between his high power longwave wireless stations in Clifden Ireland and Glace Bay, Nova Scotia. October 18 – Hague Convention revised by Hague Peace Conference, october 27 – Černová massacre, Fifteen people are shot during the consecration of a Catholic church in Hungary. November 16 – British passenger liner RMS Mauretania, the worlds largest and fastest at this date, november 21 – Washington State College defeats the University of Washington 10-5 in Apple Cup played in Seattle. December 6 – Monongah Mining disaster, A coal mine explosion kills 362 workers in Monongah, West Virginia, december 8 – Upon the death of Oscar II, he is succeeded by his son Gustaf V as king of Sweden. December 14 – The largest sailing ship built, the 7-masted Thomas W. Lawson, is wrecked in the Isles of Scilly. December 17 – Ugyen Wangchuck becomes first Druk Gyalpo, december 19 – An explosion in a coal mine in Jacobs Creek kills 239
23.
1908
–
As of the start of 1908, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. According to NASA reports,1908 was the coldest recorded year since 1880, january 1 – Nimrod Expedition, Ernest Shackleton sets sail from New Zealand on the Nimrod for Antarctica. January 12 – A long-distance radio message is sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time, january 13 – A fire at the Rhoads Opera House in Boyertown, Pennsylvania, U. S. A. kills 170. January 24 – Start of publication of Robert Baden-Powells Scouting for Boys in London, the book will over time sell over 100 million copies and effectively begin the worldwide Boy Scout movement. February 1 – Lisbon Regicide, King Carlos I of Portugal, february 3 – Panathinaikos, as well known for professional multi-sports club of Greece, founded in Athens. February 12 – The first around-the-world car race, the 1908 New York to Paris Race, february 18 – Japanese emigration to the United States is forbidden under terms of the Gentlemens Agreement of 1907. March – The Childrens Encyclopædia begins publication in London, march 4 The Pretoria branch of the Transvaal University College, precursor to the University of Pretoria, is established. The Collinwood school fire, near Cleveland, Ohio, U. S. A. kills 174, march 9 – Inter Milan, a well-known football club in Italy, founded. March 21 – French aviator Léon Delagrange pilots the first passenger flight with Henri Farman on board, march 27 – The first Scout troop outside the U. K. is formed in Gibraltar. April 20 – Sunshine rail disaster, A rear-end collision of two trains in Melbourne, Australia, kills 44 people and injures more than 400, april 21 – Frederick Cook claims to have reached the North Pole on this date. May 26–October – Franco-British Exhibition held in London, may 26 – At Masjed Soleyman in southwest Persia, the first major commercial oil discovery in the Middle East is made. The rights to the resource are quickly acquired by the United Kingdom, july 6 – Robert Peary sets sail for the North Pole. July 11–12 – The steamship Amalthea, housing 80 British strikebreakers in Malmö harbour, july 13–25 –1908 Summer Olympics held in London. The Winter Olympics are held here on 19–31 October, july 23 – Young Turk Revolution, The Committee of Union and Progress issues a formal ultimatum to Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the constitution of 1876 within the Ottoman Empire. It is restored the following day, july 27-28 – The 1908 Hong Kong typhoon sinks the passenger steamer Ying King, losing 421 lives. August 8 – Wilbur Wright flies in France for the first time demonstrating true controlled powered flight in Europe, august 8 – The Hoover Company of Canton, Ohio, acquires manufacturing rights to the upright portable vacuum cleaner just invented by James M. Spangler. August 17 – Émile Cohl makes the first fully animated film, august 24 – After an intense power struggle, Sultan Abdelaziz of Morocco is deposed, and is succeeded by his brother Abd al-Hafid. September 17 – At Fort Myer, Virginia, U. S. A, thomas Selfridge becomes the first person to die in an airplane crash
24.
1909
–
As of the start of 1909, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 5 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama, january 16 – Ernest Shackletons expedition claims to have found the magnetic South Pole. January 24 – The White Star Liner RMS Republic sinks the day after a collision with SS Florida, in the first recorded use of the CQD emergency radio signal for a large passenger vessel, one person, a male passenger, is lost on the Republic. January 28 – The last United States troops leave Cuba after being there since the Spanish–American War of 1898, february 5 – Leo Baekeland announces the creation of bakelite hard thermosetting plastic. March 4 – William Howard Taft is sworn in as President of the United States, march 10 – The Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 is signed in Bangkok. March 18 – Einar Dessau uses a radio transmitter, becoming the first radio broadcaster. March 21 – The remains of the Báb are placed in the Baháí Shrine of the Báb on Mount Carmel in Haifa, march 31 – Serbia accepts Austrian control over Bosnia and Herzegovina. April 4 – The association football team Sport Club Internacional is founded in Porto Alegre, april 6 – Robert Peary, Matthew Henson, and four Inuit explorers, Ootah, Ooqueah, Seegloo, and Egigingwah, come within a few miles of the North Pole. April 11 – The city of Tel Aviv is founded by the Jewish community on the outskirts of Jaffa, april 13 – Ottoman countercoup begins in the Ottoman Empire. April 14 – Adana massacre, Ottoman Turks kill 15, 000–30,000 Armenian Christians in the Adana Vilayet, april 18 – Joan of Arc is beatified in Rome. April 19 – The Anglo-Persian Oil Company, modern-day BP, is incorporated, april 27 – Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II is overthrown and succeeded by his brother, Mehmed V. He is sent to the Ottoman port city of Thessaloniki the next day, may 13–30 – First Giro dItalia bicycle race, starting and finishing in Milan, Luigi Ganna is the winner. June 2 – French forces capture Abéché, capital of the Wadai Empire in central Africa, june 15 – Representatives from England, Australia and South Africa meet at Lords Cricket Ground and form the Imperial Cricket Conference. July 16 – A revolution forces Mohammad Ali Shah of the Qajar dynasty to abdicate in favor of his son Ahmad Shah Qajar and he proceeds to leave Persia for Imperial Russia, reportedly seeking the assistance of Nicholas II of Russia in regaining the throne. July 25 – Louis Blériot is the first man to fly across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air craft, july 25–August 2 – Tragic Week, The city of Barcelona experiences a workers uprising. August 2 – The United States Army Signal Corp Division purchases the worlds first military airplane, august 8 – Max Heindel formally founds the Rosicrucian Fellowship in Seattle, United States. August 12 – Indianapolis Motor Speedway opens in the United States, september 4 – Japan and China sign the Jiandao/Gando Treaty, which gives Japan a way to receive railroad concessions in Manchuria. October 8 – An earthquake in the Zagreb area leads Andrija Mohorovičić to identify the Mohorovičić discontinuity, october 12 - The association football team Coritiba is founded in Curitiba, Brazil
25.
1911
–
As of the start of 1911, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. A highlight was the race for the South Pole, through mid-January – First Industrial Airplane Show held in conjunction with the U. S. International Auto Show at Manhattan’s Grand Central Palace in New York. Charles W. Chappelle, a member of the U. S. Aeronautical Reserve, is the only African-American to invent, january 31911 Kebin earthquake, An earthquake of 7.7 moment magnitude strikes near Almaty in Russian Turkestan, killing 450 or more people. Siege of Sidney Street, Two Latvian anarchists die after a siege against a combined police. Home Secretary, Winston Churchill arrived to oversee events, january 5 – Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity is founded at Indiana University Bloomington. January 18 – Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS Pennsylvania stationed in San Francisco harbor, january 26 – The United States and Canada announce the successful negotiation of their first reciprocal trade agreement. January 30 – The Cypriot football club Anorthosis Famagusta FC was created, february 5 The Missouri State Capitol building in Jefferson City, Missouri is entirely destroyed by fire after a bolt of lightning strikes the dome. The revolution in Haiti is suppressed after the leader, General Montreuil Guillaume, is captured by government troops, General Millionard is executed two days later. February 11 – The Lincoln Memorial Commission is established to find a site for the proposed Lincoln Memorial. February 13 – HNK Hajduk Split, a Croatian football club is founded, february 17 – The first quasi-official airmail flight occurs when Fred Wiseman carries three letters between Petaluma and Santa Rosa, California. February 18 – The first official air mail flight, second overall, takes place from Allahabad, India to Naini, India, march 8 – International Womens Day is celebrated for the first time in history. March 25 – The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in New York City kills 146, march 29 – The United States Army adopts a new service pistol, the M1911 designed by John Browning. It remains the US service pistol for 74 years, April 3 – Jean Sibelius conducts the première of his Symphony No.4 in Helsinki April 8 – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers superconductivity. He presents his findings on April 28, April 13 – Mexican Revolution, Rebels take Agua Prieta on the Sonora–Arizona border, government troops take the town back April 17 when the rebel leader Red López is drunk. April 18 – SS Lusitania, a 5, 557-ton Portuguese passenger liner en route from Mozambique to Lisbon, strikes Bellows Rock just off Cape Point, April 19 – Mexican Revolution, Francisco I. Maderos troops besiege Ciudad Juárez but General Juan J. Navarro refuses his surrender demand, April 22 – A passenger train from Port Alfred to Grahamstown in South Africa derails on the Blaauwkrantz Bridge and plunges into the ravine 200 feet below, killing 31 and seriously injuring 23. April 26 – HŠK Građanski Zagreb, a Croatian Association football club, is founded in Zagreb, April 27 – Huanghuagang Uprising takes place in China. This is an insurrection where rebels take five villages in an attempt to create a base to fight Imperial rule
26.
1912
–
As of the start of 1912, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 1 – The Republic of China is proclaimed, January 4 – The Scout Association is incorporated throughout the British Commonwealth by Royal Charter. January 5 – Moscow Art Theatre production of Hamlet opens, January 6 – New Mexico becomes the 47th state of the United States. January 6 – German geophysicist Alfred Wegener first presents his theory of continental drift, January 14 – Raymond Poincaré forms a coalition government in France, beginning his first term of office as Prime Minister on 21 January. January 17 – British polar explorer Captain Robert Falcon Scott and a team of four become the second group to reach the South Pole. January 18 – Prague Party Conference, Vladimir Lenin and the Bolshevik Party break away from the rest of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. January 22 – The Overseas Railroad opens and the first train arrives in Key West, Florida at 10,43 AM, with Henry M. Flagler, January 23 – The International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague. February 12 – The Manchu Qing dynasty of China comes to an end after 268 years with the abdication of Emperor Puyi in favour of the Republic of China. February 14 – Arizona becomes the 48th U. S. state, february 29 – Serbia and Bulgaria secretly sign a treaty of alliance for a term of eight years, with each pledging to come to the defense of the other during war. March 1 – Albert Berry is reported to have made the first parachute jump from a flying airplane. March 6 – Italian forces became the first to use airships in war, march 7 – Roald Amundsen in Hobart, Tasmania, announces his success in reaching the South Pole the previous December. March 12 – The Girl Scouts is founded by Juliette Gordon Low in Savannah, march 16 – Lawrence Oates, dying member of Scotts South Pole expedition, leaves the tent saying, I am just going outside and may be some time. March 22 – State of Bihar is formed out of the ertswhile State of Bengal in British India, march 27 – Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo gives 3,000 cherry trees to be planted in Washington, D. C. to symbolize the friendship between the two countries. March 29 – The remaining members of Robert Falcon Scotts South Pole expedition die, march 30 – The French Third Republic establishes the French protectorate in Morocco. April 10 – White Star liner RMS Titanic departs from Southampton with 2225 passengers, april 11 – RMS Titanic makes her last call, at Queenstown in Ireland. April 14–15 – Sinking of the RMS Titanic, RMS Titanic strikes an iceberg in the northern Atlantic Ocean, the wreck will not be discovered until 1985. April 16 – Harriet Quimby becomes the first woman to fly across the English Channel, april 17 –500 striking gold miners in Siberia are killed or wounded by troops in the Lena massacre. April 18 – Cunard Line vessel RMS Carpathia arrives in New York with the 708 RMS Titanic survivors, april 20 – Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts, opens
27.
1913
–
As of the start of 1913, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 1 – The British Board of Film Censors receives the authority to classify, January 12 – Bolshevik activist Josef Dzhugashvili first publishes an article under the pseudonym Stalin which he adopts hereafter. At this time he, Adolf Hitler and Josip Broz Tito are simultaneously resident in Vienna, January 13 – Edward Carson founds the Ulster Volunteer Force by unifying several existing loyalist militias to resist home rule for Ireland. January 23 – General election in Tasmania, January 23 – In the 1913 Ottoman coup détat, Ismail Enver comes to power. January 30 – The British House of Lords rejects an Irish Home Rule Bill February 1 – New York Citys Grand Central Terminal, having been rebuilt, reopens as the worlds largest railroad station. February 3 – The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose, February 9 – Mexican Revolution, Beginning of La Decena Trágica, the rebellion of some military chiefs against the President Francisco I. February 13 – Thubten Gyatso, the 13th Dalai Lama, declares the independence of Tibet from Qing dynasty China, February 18 – Mexican Revolution, President Francisco I. Madero and Vice President José María Pino Suárez are forced to resign, pedro Lascuráin serves as President for less than an hour before General Victoriano Huerta, leader of the coup, takes office February 22 – Mexican Revolution, Assassination of Francisco I. Madero and José María Pino Suárez, February 23 – Joseph Stalin is arrested by the Russian secret police, the Okhrana, in Petrograd and exiled to Siberia. March The House of Romanov celebrates the 300th anniversary of its succession to the throne, following the assassination of his rival Song Jiaoren, Yuan Shikai uses military force to dissolve Chinas parliament and rules as a dictator. March 1 – British steamship Calvados disappears in the Sea of Marmara with 200 on board, march 3 – The Woman suffrage parade of 1913 takes place in Washington, D. C. led by Inez Milholland on horseback. March 4 Woodrow Wilson is sworn in as President of the United States, the U. S. Department of Commerce and U. S. Department of Labor are established by splitting the duties of the 10-year-old Department of Commerce and Labor. The Census Bureau, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries and U. S. Coast, march 4–6 – First Balkan War, Battle of Bizani, Forces of the Kingdom of Greece capture the forts of Bizani from the Ottoman Empire. March 7 – The British freighter Alum Chine, carrying 343 tons of dynamite, march 12 – Australia begins building the new federal capital of Canberra. March 13 – Mexican Revolution, Pancho Villa returns to Mexico from his exile in the United States. March 17 – The Military Aviation Academy is founded in Uruguay, the Uruguayan Air Force would grow from this foundation. March 18 – George I of Greece is assassinated after 50 years on the throne and he is succeeded by his son Constantine. March 20 – Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese nationalist party, is wounded in an assassination attempt, march 23 – Supporters of Phan Xích Long begin an attempt to revolt against colonial rule in French Indochina
28.
1910 in architecture
–
The year 1910 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. January 21 - Architect Adolf Loos delivers the lecture Ornament and Crime in Vienna, april 27 - Futurist poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti issues the manifesto Contro Venezia passatista in the Piazza San Marco. Mary Colter is appointed architect for the Fred Harvey Company in the United States. January 22 - Flinders Street railway station in Melbourne, Australia, designed by Fawcett, may 11 - Pan American Union Building, Washington, D. C. designed by Paul Philippe Cret and Albert Kelsey. June - Abdulla Shaig Puppet Theatre in Baku, Azerbaijan, november 27 - Pennsylvania Station, designed by McKim, Mead and White. The Renauld Bank in Nancy, designed by Émile André and Paul Charbonnier, the Ducret Apartment Building in Nancy, designed by André and Charbonnier. Casa Milà in Barcelona, designed by Antoni Gaudí, goldman & Salatsch Building, Michaelerplatz, Vienna, designed by Adolf Loos. Steiner House in Vienna, designed by Adolf Loos, Birmingham Oratory in Birmingham, England, designed by Edward Doran Webb. Gereonshaus in Cologne, designed by Carl Moritz, national Museum of Finland, Helsinki, designed by Herman Gesellius, Armas Lindgren and Eliel Saarinen. Pilgrim Monument, Boston, Massachusetts, United States, giesshübel warehouse in Zürich, designed by Robert Maillart. Royal Gold Medal - Thomas Graham Jackson, grand Prix de Rome, architecture, Fernand Janin
29.
1910 in art
–
April 27 – Futurist poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti issues the manifesto Contro Venezia passatista in the Piazza San Marco. Bronze sculptor Robert Kionsek joins the Berlin workshop of Ferdinand Preiss to form the PK firm, czech art historian Antonin Matějček uses the term Expressionism, in opposition to impressionism. Russian composer Alexander Scriabin writes Prometheus, The Poem of Fire, Op.60, a work for piano, orchestra, optional choir. March 18 – May 1 – Salon des Indépendants, Jean Metzinger, Henri Le Fauconnier, Metzinger exhibits Portrait de Guillaume Apollinaire, considered by Apollinaire to be the first cubist portrait. July 15 – October 9 – First International Art Exhibition in Düsseldorf, October 1 – November 8 – Salon dAutomne, Jean Metzinger, Henri Le Fauconnier and Fernand Léger exhibit in Room VIII. This is the Cubist concept of perspective that would tend towards the representation of the total image. November 8 – January 15,1911 – Manet and the Post-Impressionists at the Grafton Galleries in London, organized by Roger Fry, January 29 – Colin Middleton, Irish artist. February 20 – Julian Trevelyan, English printmaker March 10 – David Rose, June 6 – Hélène de Beauvoir, French painter. Beck, American cartoonist and comic book artist, Fernand Fonssagrives, French photographer June 17 – Raymond Poïvet, French cartoonist 14 July – William Hanna, American cartoonist. 22 July – Antonio Rodríguez Luna, Spanish painter,30 July – Edgar de Evia, Mexican-born American photographer. 1 August James Henry Govier, English painter, gerda Taro, born Gerta Pohorylle, German-born war photographer. 19 August – Quentin Bell, English art historian and author,25 August – Dorothea Tanning, American painter. 28 August – Morris Graves, American painter and printmaker,3 September – Kitty Carlisle Hart, American singer, actress and New York State Council on the Arts member. 7 October – Henry Plumer McIlhenny, American, art collector, philanthropist,29 October – Aurélie Nemours, French painter. 28 November – Garrett Eckbo, American landscape architect,2 December – Russell Lynes, American art historian, photographer and author. February 14 – John Macallan Swan, English painter and sculptor March 11 – Willis E
30.
1910 in aviation
–
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1910, The first night flights take place. Races between aeroplanes and cars are only won by racing cars, the worlds first use of a radio between an aircraft and the ground takes place in the United States. Hugo Junkers gets a patent for his thick wing/all-metal type aeroplane, a patent is taken out in Germany for a device that allows a fixed machine gun to be fired from an airplane. The Imperial German Navy begins to form an air arm, the Imperial Russian Navy orders its first airplane. Lilian Bland builds and flies her own glider, the first biplane built in Ireland, from Carnmoney Hill, soon afterwards fitting an engine and making her first powered flight in late August. January – Missiles are dropped from an airplane for the first time,4 January – Leon Delagrange is killed at Bordeaux after the wings on his Blériot collapse. 7 January – Frenchman Hubert Latham is the first pilot to climb to 1000 metres,10 –20 January – The first aviation meet to be held in the United States, the 1910 Los Angeles International Air Meet at Dominguez Field, is held near Los Angeles, California. 15 February - In the United Kingdom, the Royal Aero Club is granted its Royal prefix,25 February - Crew training begins for the British Royal Navys first rigid airship, HMA No. March – The Imperial Russian Navy sends three officers to France to receive flight training and it is the beginning of Russian heavier-than-air naval aviation. 7 March – English aviator Claude Grahame-White lands his biplane on West Executive Avenue in Washington, D. C.8 March – Raymonde de Laroche of France becomes the first woman in the world to receive a pilots licence. 10 March – Emil Aubrun makes the first night flights, in a Blériot XI at Villalugano,11 March – J. W. Dunne flies one of the first inherently stable aircraft, the Dunne D.5, at Eastchurch. 21 March – Harry Houdini achieves one of the first powered flights in Australia,28 March – Henri Fabre makes the first flights in a seaplane, the Fabre Hydravion, at Martigues, France. April – The French Aéronautique Militaire is formed as its own command,2 April – Hubert Le Blon, an early Bleriot XI pilot, is killed after crashing onto the rocks at San Sebastian, Spain. He is the pilot to die in the crash of a Bleriot after Delagrange. 28 April – Frenchman Louis Paulhan completes the Daily Mails London to Manchester challenge in under 24 hours,10 May – Ernest Failloubaz makes the first flight in Switzerland by an aircraft built by and flown by a Swiss citizen. The aircraft had been constructed in co-operation with René Grandjean,13 May – Gabriel Hauvette-Michelin, an Antoinette pilot, is killed after hitting a racing pylon during takeoff at Lyon. The pylon broke and fell over crushing him in his cockpit 18 May – In Paris, France,27 May – The Caproni Ca.1, the first aircraft manufactured entirely in Italy, is destroyed during its first flight. 2 June – Charles Rolls makes the first successful flight over the English Channel
31.
1910 in music
–
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1910. March 19 – Béla Bartóks String Quartet No.1 is premiered in Budapest June 25 – Igor Stravinskys ballet,8, the Symphony of a Thousand, is premiered in Munich. Sweet Mystery Of Life w. Rida Johnson Young m, from the operetta Naughty Marietta Alexander and His Clarinet w. Irving Berlin m. Ted Snyder All Aboard For Blanket Bay w. Andrew B. Sterling m. Harry Von Tilzer All That I Ask Of You Is Love w. Edgar Selden m. Herbert Ingraham Alma, adolph Philipp Angel Eyes w. Alfred Bryan m. James Kendis & Herman Paley Angels w. m. Irving Berlin Any Little Girl, Thats a Nice Little Girl, is the Right Little Girl For Me w. Thomas J. Gray m, Fred Fisher Back To My Old Home Town w. m. Nora Bayes & Jack Norworth A Banjo Song by Howard Weeden The Big Bass Viol w. m, M. T. Bohannon The Birth of Passion w. Otto Harbach m. Karl Hoschna. Bring Back My Lena To Me w. m, Irving Berlin & David Andrew Noll By The Saskatchewan w. C. M. S. McLellan m. Ivan Caryll Call Me Up Some Rainy Afternoon w. m, fritz Kreisler The Chanticleer Rag w. Edward Madden m. Albert Gumble The Chicken Reel m. Joseph M. Daly Chinatown, My Chinatown w. William Jerome m. Jean Schwartz Cloud-Chief m. J. Ernest Philie, Come Josephine In My Flying Machine w. Alfred Bryan m. Fred Fisher Come To The Ball w. Adrian Ross m, lionel Monckton Constantly w. Chris Smith m. James Henry Burris The Convict And The Bird w. m. T. W. Connor Day Dreams, Visions Of Bliss w. Harry B. Smith & Robert B. Smith m, heinrich Reinhardt Dear Mayme, I Love You. Irving Berlin & Ted Snyder Doctor Tinkle Tinker by Otto Harbach Dont Wake Me Up, George Botsford & Irving Berlin Hennessy w. m. T. W. Connor w. m. Herman E. Darewski Jr. Herman Lets Dance That Beautiful Waltz Irving Berlin & Ted Snyder How Can You Love Such A Man, Berlin I Feel So Lonely w. m. Introduced by Fred Allandale in the musical The Islander Id Love To Live In Loveland w. m, W. R. Williams If He Comes In Im Going Out w. Cecil Mack m. Chris Smith If I Was A Millionaire w. Gus Edwards Im Falling In Love With Someone w. Rida Johnson Young m, victor Herbert Im Henery the Eighth w. m. Fred Murray & R. P. Weston In The Shadows w. E. Ray Goetz m. Herman Finck Is There Anything Else I Can Do For You, Irving Berlin & Ted Snyder Italian Street Song w. Rida Johnson Young m. Leo Friedman Let Me Live And Stay In Dixieland w. m, elizabeth Brice & Charles King Liebesfreud m. Fritz Kreisler Life Is Only What You Make It After All w. Edgar Smith m. A. Baldwin Sloane Macushla w. Josephine V. Rowe m
32.
1910 in rail transport
–
This article lists events related to rail transport that occurred in 1910. January 3 – Tired of its cars being routed to the Boston and Maine Railroad by mistake, january 22 – Rebuilt Flinders Street railway station in Melbourne, Australia, officially opened. March 4 – Rogers Pass avalanche kills 62 Canadian Pacific Railway workers clearing the line near the summit of Rogers Pass, march 10 – Minoh Arima Electronic Railway Line, Umeda Station of Osaka to Takarazuka Station route officially completed in Japan. April 2 – Butzbach-Licher Eisenbahn in Germany opens the section from Bad Nauheim to Rockenberg, june 6 – the US Railroad Safety Appliance Act of 1893 is further extended to mandate that no less than 85% of all railroad cars in an operating train must be equipped with air brakes. July 5 – Opening of Bernina Railway from St. Moritz, Switzerland, to Tirano, Italy, july 11 – Construction begins on the Sheridan Railway in Sheridan, Wyoming. July 18 – A passenger train traveling through dense fog hits a stationary locomotive in Richmond, Victoria, Australia, july 26 – The London and South Western Railway introduces a new Continental service, Southampton-Havre. August 10 – The Mill Mountain Incline funicular in Roanoke, Virginia, August 22 – The first Western Pacific Railroad passenger train to operate over the railroads entire route from Salt Lake City, Utah, arrives in San Francisco, California. September 21 – A Fort Wayne and Wabash Valley Traction interurban car overruns a meeting point at Kingsland, Indiana, forty-one people are killed in the worst accident of the interurban era. October 1 – The Great Western Railway of England, abolishes second-class rail fares, october 10 – The Kowloon-Canton Railway opens in HK. November 27 – The Pennsylvania Railroad opens Pennsylvania Station in New York City together with Manhattan Transfer station, the city of Cleveland, Ohio, approves a bond measure to pay for the Nickel Plate Roads grade separation project through the densest part of the city. Finnish Railways opens Lanskaya Station in Saint Peterburg, Russia after restructuring by the architect Bruno Granholm, the Yunnan metre gauge railway in China is completed from Laokay to Yunnan-fu by French interests. First section of Moçâmedes Railway opens in Portuguese Angola, february 27 – Francesco di Majo, designer of the Pendolino. May 21 – Robert W. Richardson, American railroad historian, march 7 – George Whale, Chief Mechanical Engineer of London and North Western Railway 1903–1909. March 24 – Gaston du Bousquet, French steam locomotive designer, july 20 – Ira G. Rawn, vice president of Illinois Central Railroad until 1909, president of Monon Railroad 1909-1910, dies from an allegedly self-inflicted gunshot wound. August 2 – Inoue Masaru, Japanese bureaucrat, first Director of Railways, fry, David, Chronology of Australian train accidents. Rivanna Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, This Month in Railroad History - August
33.
1910 in sports
–
1910 in sports describes the years events in world sport. Kilda achieves the worst start by a team that did not suffer a winless season and this has been equalled only by Fremantle in 2001. Collingwood wins the 14th VFL premiership, defeating Carlton 9.7 to 6,4 July — in boxings first fight of the century, Jack Johnson knocks out the great white hope James J. Jeffries in round 15 to retain his World Heavyweight Championship title. 15 October — World Middleweight Champion Stanley Ketchel is shot and killed at Conway, Missouri, by Walter Dipley, Ketchel is rated by many boxing historians as the best middleweight ever. Fownes, Jr. England Grand National – Jenkinstown 1,000 Guineas Stakes – Winkipop 2,000 Guineas Stakes – Neil Gow Epsom Derby – Lemberg Epsom Oaks – Rosedrop St, the club then defeats Berlin Dutchmen in a challenge. Events 5 January — National Hockey Association commences its inaugural season 15 January — Canadian Hockey Association disbands, ottawa and Montreal Shamrocks join the NHA. March — Toronto St. Michaels Majors wins the Allan Cup December — NHA loses its Cobalt and Haileybury teams, the Montreal Canadiens are taken over by George Kennedys Club Athletique Canadien after threatening legal action
34.
1910 in Australia
–
See also,1909 in Australia,1911 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. 13 April – A referendum is held into alteration of the Australian Constitution regarding state debt, the state debt question was carried, the surplus revenue question was not. 6 May – Edward VII dies, his son George V becomes King of the United Kingdom,16 September – The Australian Treasury is given authority to issue currency, replacing the use of the British Pound. 16 November – The Northern Territory Acceptance Act 1910 receives Royal Assent from the Governor-General,19 November – A cyclone strikes the town of Broome, Western Australia, killing 40 people and destroying 20 houses. 25 November – The Royal Australian Navy is created with the passing of the Australian Naval Defence Act by the Federal Parliament, the destroyers HMAS Parramatta and HMAS Yarra arrive in Australia. 8 December – Geelong, Victoria is declared a city,17 September – The 1910 NSWRFL season culminates in a grand final between South Sydney and Newtown which is drawn 4 –4. Newtown are crowned premiers by virtue of being minor premiers
35.
1910 in Brazil
–
Events in the year 1910 in Brazil. President, Nilo Peçanha, Hermes da Fonseca Vice President, Venceslau Brás 1 March - In the presidential election, Fonseca is supported by several of the most influential Republican parties, whilst his main opponent, Rui Barbosa, is supported by the Civilist Campaign. 7 May - João do Rio is elected to chair #26 of the Brazilian Academy of Letters, october - The Conservative Republican Party is founded, in support of new president Hermes da Fonseca. 22 November - Revolt of the Lash, The mostly black crews of four Brazilian warships, led by João Cândido Felisberto, the crews depose their white officers and threaten to bombard Rio de Janeiro
36.
1910 in France
–
Events from the year 1910 in France. 15 January - Constant rain in Paris causes the Seine to overflow its banks, all but one line of the Paris Métro becomes filled with water, effectively draining water from the city. 24 April - French legislative election held,8 May - French legislative election held. 2 July - Demonstrations in France against public executions,3 July - The eighth Tour de France begins. 31 July - Tour de France ends, won by Octave Lapize
37.
1910 in India
–
Events in the year 1910 in India. 30 January - Chidambaram Subramaniam, politician and Minister,19 May - Nathuram Godse, assassin of Mahatma Gandhi. 19 August - Saint Alphonsa, Sister Alphonsa Muttathupadathu, in 2008 became first woman of Indian origin to be canonized as a saint,19 October - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, astrophysicist and joint Nobel Prize in Physics winner. 4 December - R. Venkataraman, politician and 8th President of India,11 December – Hari Singh Inspector General of Forests Motilal, actor
38.
1910 in Ireland
–
Events from the year 1910 in Ireland. 8 January - Sinéad Flanagan marries Éamon de Valera in Dublin,21 February - Irish Unionist members of the Westminster Parliament elect Sir Edward Carson as party leader, replacing Walter Long. 23 February - St Patricks College, Maynooth, becomes a college of the National University of Ireland. June - Bridget Dowling elopes to London with Alois Hitler, Jr. a kitchen porter at the Shelbourne Hotel, Dublin, August - First passenger flight in Ulster, Harry Ferguson pilots Miss Rita Marr. 29 August - The Aero Club of Ireland holds its inaugural meeting at Leopardstown Racecourse. 11 September - English-born actor-aviator Robert Loraine makes a flight from Wales across the Irish Sea. 20 October - RMS Olympic is launched at the Harland & Wolff shipyard in Belfast, at 45,324 gross tons, she is the largest ship afloat. Her sister ship RMS Titanic will be launched in sixteen months time, November - Reconstruction of the original city bridge over the River Suir in Waterford begins, it will be opened by John Redmond in 1913. 3 December - Sir Edward Carson and James Campbell are re-elected unopposed as Unionist Members of Parliament for Trinity College Dublin, non-subscribing Presbyterian Church of Ireland created by merger of the Presbytery of Antrim and Remonstrant Synod of Ulster. Lilian Bland builds and flies her own glider, the first built in Ireland, from Carnmoney Hill, soon afterwards fitting an engine. 13 January - Deirdre of the Sorrows by J. M. Synge is performed for the first time at the Abbey Theatre,5 May - Padraic Colums play Thomas Muskerry is premiered at the Abbey Theatre. 7 May - Annie Horniman withdraws financial support from the Abbey Theatre in protest at its refusal to close on the death of Edward VII the previous day and this is the first production by an American film studio to be shot outside the United States. September - Lord Dunsanys short story collection A Dreamers Tales is published,3 November - Foundation of The Kilfenora Céilí Band in Kilfenora, County Clare, the oldest céilí band in Ireland. Terence MacSwineys first play, The Last Warriors of Coole, is produced, ella Youngs first book of stories, Celtic Wonder Tales, is published with illustrations by Maud Gonne. 4 July - George Otto Simms, Church of Ireland Archbishop of Dublin,1 August - Cathal Gannon, harpsichord maker and fortepiano restorer. 8 August - Bobby Kirk, ice hockey player,14 August - Eddie Ingram, cricketer. 1 November - Michael Lyons, Fine Gael TD and Senator,15 November - Geoffrey Toone, actor. 19 November - Manliff Barrington, motorcycle racer,26 November - Cyril Cusack, actor
.jpg)
