1.
Pulitzer Prize
–
The Pulitzer Prize /ˈpʊlᵻtsər/ is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine and online journalism, literature, and musical composition in the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of American Joseph Pulitzer who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher, Prizes are awarded yearly in twenty-one categories. In twenty of the categories, each receives a certificate. The winner in the service category of the journalism competition is awarded a gold medal. The Pulitzer Prize does not automatically consider all applicable works in the media, entries must fit in at least one of the specific prize categories, and cannot simply gain entrance for being literary or musical. Works can also only be entered in a maximum of two categories, regardless of their properties, each year,102 jurors are selected by the Pulitzer Prize Board to serve on 20 separate juries for the 21 award categories, one jury makes recommendations for both photography awards. For each award category, a jury makes three nominations, the board selects the winner by majority vote from the nominations or bypasses the nominations and selects a different entry following a 75% majority vote. The board can also vote to issue no award, the board and journalism jurors are not paid for their work, however, the jurors in letters, music, and drama receive a $2,000 honorarium for the year, and each chair receives $2,500. Anyone whose work has been submitted is called an entrant, the jury selects a group of nominated finalists and announces them, together with the winner for each category. However, some journalists who were submitted, but not nominated as finalists. For example, Bill Dedman of msnbc, Dedman wrote, To call that submission a Pulitzer nomination is like saying that Adam Sandler is an Oscar nominee if Columbia Pictures enters Thats My Boy in the Academy Awards. Many readers realize that the Oscars dont work that way—the studios dont pick the nominees and its just a way of slipping Academy Awards into a bio. The Pulitzers also dont work that way, but fewer people know that, newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer gave money in his will to Columbia University to launch a journalism school and establish the Prize. It allocated $250,000 to the prize and scholarships and he specified four awards in journalism, four in letters and drama, one in education, and four traveling scholarships. After his death, the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded June 4,1917, many people have won more than one Pulitzer Prize. Nelson Harding is the person to have won a Prize in two consecutive years, the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning in 1927 and 1928. Four prizes Robert Frost, Poetry Eugene ONeill, Drama Robert E, in rare instances, contributors to the entry are singled out in the citation in a manner analogous to individual winners. Journalism awards may be awarded to individuals or newspapers or newspaper staffs, infrequently, Awards are made in categories relating to journalism, arts, letters and fiction
2.
Chicago Daily News
–
The Chicago Daily News was an afternoon daily newspaper published between 1876 and 1978 in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The Daily News was founded by Melville E. Stone, Percy Meggy, byron Andrews, fresh out of Hobart College, was one of the first reporters. Victor F. Lawson bought the Chicago Daily News in 1876, Stone remained involved as an editor and later bought back an ownership stake, but Lawson took over full ownership again in 1888. Lawson introduced many innovations to the business including advancements in newspaper promotion, classified advertising, and syndication of news stories, serials, the Chicago Daily News became known for its distinctive, aggressive writing style which 1920s editor Henry Justin Smith likened to a daily novel. In its heyday from the 1930s to 1950s it was syndicated and boasted a first-class foreign news service. In 1922, the rival Chicago Tribune began to experiment with radio news at Westinghouse-owned KYW-AM, the Daily News entered into a partnership with The Fair Department Store to launch WGU-AM, which would later be renamed WMAQ-AM. The newspaper would take full ownership of the station and absorb shared band rival WQJ-AM, which was jointly owned by the Calumet Baking Powder Company. WMAQ would pioneer many firsts in radio—one of them the first complete Chicago Cubs season broadcast on radio in 1925, in 1930, the station obtained a license for an experimental television station, W9XAP, but had already begun transmitting from it just prior to its being granted. Working with Sears Roebuck stores by providing them with the receivers, ulises Armand Sanabria was the television pioneer behind this and other early Chicago television experiments. The Chicago Tribune, not to be out of radio, purchased WDAP. In 1931 The Daily News sold WMAQ to NBC, in 1929, it moved into a new 26-floor headquarters building at 400 West Madison Street. Designed by architects Holabird & Root, the Art Deco structure became a Chicago landmark and it featured a mural by John W. Norton depicting the newspaper production process. Field already owned the morning Chicago Sun-Times, and the Daily News moved into the Sun-Times building on North Wabash Avenue, a few years later Mike Royko became the papers lead columnist, and quickly rose to local and national prominence. In 1977 the Daily News was redesigned and added features intended to increase its appeal to younger readers, the Chicago Daily News published its last edition on Saturday, March 4,1978. There was a subsequent attempt to make it as an afternoon daily, the paper went back into publication with a weekend edition dated August 4–5,1979. The publisher of the revival was former Illinois governor Richard B and this final attempt to gain popularity was not successful and the paper finally went back out of publication a few months later. The headquarters of the Daily News and sister newspaper the Sun-Times was located at 401 North Wabash before the building was demolished and it is now the site of Trump International Hotel and Tower. The Chicago Daily News was awarded the Pulitzer Prize thirteen times, the Founding of the Chicago Daily News
3.
Rollin Kirby
–
Rollin Kirby was an American political cartoonist. In 1922 he was chronologically the first winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning, Kirby worked as a cartoonist at the New York Mail, New York World and the New York Post. His Pulitzer Prizes were for cartoons On the Road to Moscow, News from the Outside World, websters Biographical Dictionary, G. & C. Media related to Rollin Kirby at Wikimedia Commons Rollin Kirby posters, hosted by the University of North Texas Libraries Digital Collections Works by or about Rollin Kirby at Internet Archive
4.
New York World
–
The New York World was a newspaper published in New York City from 1860 until 1931. The paper played a role in the history of American newspapers. It was a national voice of the Democratic Party. From 1883 to 1911 under publisher Joseph Pulitzer, it became a pioneer in yellow journalism, capturing readers attention, the World was formed in 1860. From 1862 to 1876, it was edited by Manton Marble, in 1864, the World was shut down for three days after it published forged documents purportedly from Abraham Lincoln. But Scott was unable to meet the newspapers growing losses, Gould, like Scott, used the paper for his own purposes, employing it to help him take over Western Union. But Gould could not turn the state of the newspaper around. Joseph Pulitzer bought the World in 1883 and began an era of circulation building. Reporter Nellie Bly became one of Americas first investigative journalists, often working undercover, as a publicity stunt for the paper, inspired by the Jules Verne novel Around the World in Eighty Days, she traveled around the planet in 72 days in 1889-1890. In 1890, Pulitzer built the New York World Building, the tallest office building in the world at the time, in 1889, Julius Chambers was appointed by Pulitzer as managing editor of the New York World, he served until 1891. In 1896, the World began using a printing press, it was the first newspaper to launch a color supplement. It joined a battle with William Randolph Hearsts New York Journal American. The World was attacked for being sensational, and its battles with Hearsts Journal American gave rise to the term yellow journalism. The charges of sensationalism were most frequently leveled at the paper by more established publishers, and while the World presented its fair share of crime stories, it also published damning exposés of tenement abuses. After a heat wave in 1883 killed a number of poor children. Its coverage spurred action in the city for reform, hearst reproduced Pulitzers approach in the San Francisco Examiner and later in the Journal American. Frank Irving Cobb was employed on a basis as the editor of the World in 1904 by publisher Pulitzer. Cobb was a fiercely independent Kansan who resisted Pulitzers attempts to run the office from his home, the elder man was so invested in the paper that he continually meddled with Cobbs work
5.
So Big (novel)
–
So Big is a 1924 novel written by Edna Ferber. The book was inspired by the life of Antje Paarlberg in the Dutch community of South Holland, Illinois and it won the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel in 1925. The story follows the life of a woman, Selina Peake De Jong. During her stay on the Pool family farm, she encourages the young Roelf Pool to follow his interests, upon his mothers death, Roelf runs away to France. Meanwhile, Selina marries a Dutch farmer named Pervus and they have a child together, Dirk, whom she nicknames So Big, from the common question and answer How big is baby. Pervus becomes ill and dies, and Selina is forced to take over working on the farm to give Dirk a future. As Dirk gets older, he works as an architect but is interested in making money than creating buildings and becomes a stock broker. His love interest, Dallas OMara, an acclaimed artist, echoes this sentiment by trying to convince Dirk that there is more to life than money, much later in life, Selina is visited by Roelf Pool, who has since become a famous sculptor. Dirk grows very distressed when, after visiting his mothers farm, he realizes that Dallas and Roelf love each other and he cannot compete with the artistically-minded sculptor. In the end, Dirk comes to appreciate the wisdom of his mother, ultimately, Dirk is left alone in his sumptuous apartment, saddened by his abandonment of artistic values. A number of adaptations of the novel have been made. The first adaptation, directed by Charles Brabin, was released the year the novel was published. The 1932 adaptation, directed by William A. Wellman, featured an ensemble cast led by Barbara Stanwyck, George Brent, the most recent adaptation, directed by Robert Wise in 1953, starred Jane Wyman and Sterling Hayden. This one softened the ending considerably by including a reconciliation between Dirk and his mother, a satirical version of the novel appears in Bob Clampetts 1946 cartoon Book Revue. A fugitive wolf is running away from the authorities and runs past the book, the book features Jimmy Durante on the cover. Durante sticks his famously large nose out and trips the wolf, so Big was presented on Stories America Loves in 1942. Joan Blaine had the role of Selena Peake in the adaptation
6.
Edna Ferber
–
Edna Ferber was an American novelist, short story writer and playwright. Her novels were popular and included the Pulitzer Prize-winning So Big, Show Boat, Cimarron. Ferber was born August 15,1885, in Kalamazoo, Michigan, to a Hungarian-born Jewish storekeeper, Jacob Charles Ferber and she took newspaper jobs at the Appleton Daily Crescent and the Milwaukee Journal before publishing her first novel. She covered the 1920 Republican National Convention and 1920 Democratic National Convention for the United Press Association, Ferbers novels generally featured strong female protagonists, along with a rich and diverse collection of supporting characters. Several theatrical and film productions have been based on her works, including Show Boat, Giant, Ice Palace, Saratoga Trunk, Cimarron, three of these works – Show Boat, Saratoga Trunk and Giant – have been developed into musicals. When composer Jerome Kern proposed turning the very serious Show Boat into a musical, Ferber was shocked and it was not until Kern explained that he and Oscar Hammerstein II wanted to create a different type of musical that Ferber granted him the rights. Saratoga, based on Saratoga Trunk, was written at a later date. In 1925, she won the Pulitzer Prize for her book So Big, an early talkie movie remake followed, in 1932, starring Barbara Stanwyck and George Brent, with Bette Davis in a supporting role. A1953 remake of So Big starring Jane Wyman in the Stanwyck role is the version most often seen today, Ferber was a member of the Algonquin Round Table, a group of wits who met for lunch every day at the Algonquin Hotel in New York. According to Teichmann, Ferber once described Woollcott as a New Jersey Nero who has mistaken his pinafore for a toga. Ferber collaborated with Round Table member George S. Kaufman on several plays presented on Broadway, Minick, The Royal Family, Dinner At Eight, The Land Is Bright, Stage Door, and Bravo. Ferber never married, had no children, and is not known to have engaged in a romance or sexual relationship. Ferber did take a maternal interest in the career of her niece Janet Fox, Ferber died at her home in New York City, of stomach cancer, at the age of 82. Ferber was portrayed by the actress Lili Taylor in the film Mrs. Parker, in 2008, The Library of America selected Ferbers article Miss Ferber Views Vultures at Trial for inclusion in its two-century retrospective of American True Crime. On July 29,2002, in her hometown of Appleton, Wisconsin, artist Mark Summers, well known for his scratchboard technique, created this portrait for the stamp referencing a black-and-white photograph of Ferber taken in 1927. A fictionalized version of Edna Ferber appears briefly as a character in Philipp Meyers novel The Son, an additional fictionalized version of Edna Ferber, with her as the protagonist, appears in Downtown Strut, An Edna Ferber mystery. It was written in 2013 by Ed Ifkovic and published by Poisoned Pen Press, in her hometown of Appleton, Wisconsin, the Edna Ferber Elementary School was named after her. Construction of the school was voted down in a 1971 referendum
