1.
The 1975
–
The 1975 are an English rock band originating from Manchester. The group consists of Matthew Matty Healy, Adam Hann, Ross MacDonald, the bands origins trace to them attending Wilmslow High School and playing together as teenagers in 2002. Gigs organized by a worker led the band to formally sign as The 1975. Their choice of name was inspired by a Jack Kerouac beat poetry book and they eventually signed a record deal after their success with Dirty Hit and Polydor. They have released four EPs and two albums and their self-titled debut was released on 2 September 2013 through Dirty Hit and Polydor, topping the UK Albums Chart on 8 September. Their second album I like it when you sleep, for you are so beautiful yet so unaware of it was released on 26 February 2016, in 2017 the band won the Brit Award for Best British Group. Matthew Healy, the son of actors Denise Welch and Tim Healy, grew up in Newcastle and he met Ross MacDonald, Adam Hann and George Daniel at Wilmslow High School in Wilmslow in 2002, as teenagers, they played together. The band formed when the council worker organised numerous gigs for teens. Healy found Hann who came up to and said he wanted to one of these shows. The band began playing covers until they eventually wrote a song, according to Healy and we started from then and weve been making music together since we were about 15. After Hann invited the members to form a band, they passed their early days covering punk songs in a local club, Healy was originally the drummer but took over vocals after the previous singer left to start another band. George Daniel was recruited as the new drummer to complete the final line-up, the band formerly performed under Me and You Versus Them, Forever Enjoying Sex, Talkhouse, The Slowdown, Bigsleep, and Drive Like I Do, before settling on The 1975. Healy recounts that the name was inspired by scribblings found on the backpage of a book by Jack Kerouac that stated 1 June. The 1975 once again garnered national attention in late 2012, with BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe championing their single Sex from the eponymous EP. They embarked on a United Kingdom and Ireland tour extended into early 2013, upon the release of Music for Cars on 4 March 2013, The 1975 found mainstream chart success with Chocolate, reaching number 19 in the UK Singles Chart. On 20 May 2013 the band released IV, which included a new version of The City, the track charted in UK and received airplay in several other countries. The 1975 toured extensively to support releases and to build hype before releasing their debut, the band supported Muse on the second leg of The 2nd Law World Tour at the Emirates Stadium in London on 26 May 2013. They also toured with the Neighbourhood in the United States in June 2013, in August, the band performed on the Festival Republic Stage at 2013 Reading and Leeds Festivals
2.
January 1975
–
Mardian, a fourth defendant, was found guilty on one count of conspiracy. The #5 USC Trojans, going for a 2-point conversion rather than kicking a point, defeated #3 Ohio State, 18-17. Oklahoma University, ranked #1 by the AP, and was ineligible for a bowl and for a ranking in the UPI Coaches Poll, the Khmer Rouge began the campaign that would put it in control of Cambodia, cutting off the supply lines to Phnom Penh. Knighthood was conferred by Queen Elizabeth II on comedian Charlie Chaplin, author P. G. Wodehouse, athlete Roger Bannister, in fiction, the 2000 novel White Teeth, by Zadie Smith, opens with Archie Jones making an attempt at suicide on January 1,1975. The new Constitution of Sweden came into effect, lalit Narayan Mishra, the Railway Minister of India, was assassinated as he attended a ceremony to dedicate a new railway line at Samastipur in the Bihar State. Mishra was fatally injured by a bomb that had placed under the speakers dais, in a blast that killed another person and injured 23 other people. Members of the terrorist group Ananda Marg claimed responsibility for the blast, aiming to retaliate for the imprisonment of their leader, bangladesh Marxist leader Siraj Sikder was arrested, then shot and killed on orders by that nations president, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Mujibur himself would be assassinated seven months later, the bill approving the Federal Rules of Evidence was signed into law by U. S. President Ford. The World Tourism Organization was established by the United Nations, replacing the International Union of Official Travel Organizations, the USC Trojans were ranked #1 in the final UPI college football poll, taken of college coaches, giving them a share of the mythical national championship. The Sooners had been the only undefeated and untied team, but had been ineligible for postseason play, the USC Trojans, #1 in UPI, were 2nd in the AP poll. The 400 members of the tribe had been limited to a reservation of only 518 acres, less than one mile, at the bottom of Havasu Canyon. The legislation also enlarged the National Park by adding 687,000 acres to bring its size to 1,875 square miles. Died, Milton Cross,77, announcer since 1931 for the radio broadcasts of the Metropolitan Opera. Cross, known to his fans as Mr. Opera, was preparing for the days show when he collapsed at his home. Forbes would become the first American professional athlete to be indicted for a crime committed in the course of a game. In 1980, Boucha settled a lawsuit against Forbes, the Bruins, U. S. President Gerald R. Ford signed legislation making 55 miles per hour the maximum speed limit across the United States, making permanent what had been a temporary order in 1973 by President Nixon. Executive Order 11828 created the Commission on CIA Activities within the United States, wimbledon become the first non league club to win at a First Division club in the F A cup third round since the creation of the Third Division in 1920. Altrincham almost achieve the objective when holding Everton to a draw
3.
March 1975
–
The following events occurred in March 1975, Color television broadcasting was officially introduced in Australia, where black and white TV had started in 1956. ATV used the slogan First in Color while the Nine Network described its new programming as Living Color, the Covenant of the Goddess was founded in Oakland, California, by 40 witches from 15 Wicca covens. Vietnam War, The army of North Vietnam, led by General Văn Tiến Dũng, began an attack on the Central Highlands of South Vietnam, starting at Pleiku, aston Villa won the Football League Cup at Wembley, beating Norwich City 1–0 in the final. The factory of the Sponge Rubber Products Company, located in Shelton, the three security guards at the plant were overpowered and kidnapped by three masked men, who detonated the bombs, and freed the men later. Although nobody was hurt, the destruction caused the loss of 1,100 jobs, an Iraqi Airways airliner was hijacked by three Kurdish gunmen, shortly after taking off from Mosul to Baghdad with 93 people on board. The hijackers demanded that 85 Kurdish political prisoners be released, that receive five million dollars. After the plane made a landing in Tehran on a blocked runway. One passenger was killed and ten wounded, including Hasan. Taimi and al-Qeitan were executed a month later by a squad in Iran. Central African Republic President Jean-Bédel Bokassa, in power since 1965, a year later, he would declare himself to be an Emperor. A bomb planted at a bus terminal in Nairobi, Kenya, killed 27 people and his body was found three days later in a valley of the Ngong Hills. Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn, The United States Supreme Court declared unconstitutional, by an 8-1 vote, Died, General Oscar Bonilla Bradanovic,56, Chilean Minister of National Defense, in a helicopter crash, while returning from vacation at Curicó. Two French technicians of the Aérospatiale helicopter company were killed on March 22, in another helicopter accident, charlie Chaplin was knighted by Elizabeth II. Iran signed a trade deal pledging to spend 22 billion dollars in the United States over a ten-year period, the Homebrew Computer Club, originally a gathering of computer hobbyists, held its very first meeting, at the garage of Gordon French in Menlo Park, California. One of the people in attendance, 24-year-old Steve Wozniak, couldnt afford the Intel 8080, after finding the MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor, Wozniak worked at trying to modify it to hook to a standard keyboard and to connect to an ordinary television. Wozniak, Steve Jobs, and Ronald Wayne would join to form Apple, Savoy Hotel Attack, The Savoy Hotel in Tel Aviv was seized by eight Al-Fatah commandos after they rowed ashore to Israel from the Mediterranean Sea. Thirteen persons were taken hostage in the early morning, the Israeli counter-terrorism unit Sayeret Matkal stormed the hotel later in the day, killing seven of the eight guerillas. Eight hostages and three of the Israeli soldiers died in the operation, the Shah of Iran signed on behalf of his nation, while Iraq was represented by Saddam Hussein, an aide to President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr and future President of Iraq
4.
May 1975
–
Free to vary their rates, brokerage houses could compete for large investors by offering a lower charge than that for individuals. Hank Aaron broke the record for RBIs runs batted in when his Milwaukee Brewers beat the Detroit Tigers 17-3. Aaron, who had already broken Babe Ruths career home run record, surpassed Ruths RBI mark with the 2, aarons record of 2,297 RBIs remains unbroken. Smokey Bear, a 25-year-old black bear at the National Zoo in Washington and he would pass away on November 8,1976. Born, David Beckham, English footballer, in Leytonstone Ahmed Hassan, Egyptian footballer, in Maghagha 1972 FA Cup Final, West Ham United won the FA Cup at Wembley, beating Fulham, both goals were scored by Alan Taylor. The legendary Bobby Moore, who had played 16 seasons for West Ham until 1974, in his last meeting of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party, Chairman Mao Zedong spoke out to reverse the disastrous Cultural Revolution. Mao criticized his own wife, along with her associates for their instigation of the movement, after Maos death the following year, the Party would remove and prosecute the Gang of Four. The aircraft carrier USS Nimitz, first of the Nimitz class group of the ten largest supercarriers in the world, was commissioned, one month later, all registrants would be ordered to report to reeducation camps. The city of Jerusalem was struck by missiles for the first time, when the count reached 999,500 MLB set up a center in New York City to record each additional run at the moment that the batter finished rounding the bases. After Claudell Washington of Oakland registered #999,999 against the White Sox at 3,26 pm New York time, both Watson and the Reds Dave Concepción came up to bat. Concepcions hit actually came a few seconds before that of Watson, died, Moe Howard,77, leader and last survivor of The Three Stooges. Born Moses Horwitz, he outlived his brothers Curly Howard and Shemp Howard, the other part of the famous team of Moe, Larry and Curly— Larry Fine — had died three months earlier. Television broadcasting began in South Africa, as the first test broadcasts of the South African Broadcasting Corporation TV system were made, the Busch Gardens Williamsburg Theme Park opened in Virginia. During a lull in fighting,100,000 Armenians gather in Beirut to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, died, József Mindszenty,77, Hungarian Roman Catholic cardinal who was imprisoned and tortured for defying the Communist regime in Hungary. From 1956 to 1971, he was given sanctuary inside the U. S. Embassy in Budapest, U. S. President Ford proclaimed the end of the Vietnam Era for purposes of certain veterans benefits. Died, George Baker,59, American U. S. Army sergeant, the Peoples Republic of China agreed to establish trade and diplomatic relations with the European Community, agreeing to send a representative to Common Market headquarters in Brussels. The extermination would begin days later, the Constitution of Cameroon was amended to create a new office, Prime Minister of Cameroon, which would also be first in line to succeed the President. The first officeholder would be Paul Biya, who would become President in 1982, the Betamax home videotaping system was introduced by Sony with the LV-1901 going on sale in Japan
5.
June 1975
–
Pictures of the tumbling U. S. President were seen again and again, giving Ford a reputation for being clumsy, both physically and in his handling of the presidency. Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin announced that Israel would remove tanks, troops, New federal regulations, set to go into effect on July 21, were sent to Congress by the U. S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. The new rules ended separate phys ed classes for boys and girls, sultan Alimirah Hanfere, leader of Ethiopias Afar people and of the Afar Liberation Front, declared war on the Ethiopian government. Ugandas President Idi Amin declared the nationalization of all land within the boundaries of Uganda. Died, Eisaku Sato,74, Prime Minister of Japan 1964-72, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1974 Ozzie Nelson,69, American actor best known for The Adventures of Ozzie, Israel completed its promise to withdraw half of its occupying troops from Egypts Sinai peninsula. Born, Angelina Jolie, American film actress, as Angelina Joline Voight, in Los Angeles Julian Marley, Jamaican reggae musician, in London Russell Brand, English comedian and actor, in Grays. Died, Evelyn Brent,73, American actress Clark Kessinger,78, in the first referendum held in the United Kingdom, the electorate voted to stay in the European Community by a margin of 17,378,581 to 8,470,073. Remling was re-captured two days later in Leslie, Michigan, died, Larry Blyden,49, American game show host of Whats My Line. He would die of his injuries on June 22, a new constitution was adopted for Greece by a 208-0 vote in the Vouli ton Ellinon, the 300 member Greek Parliament, formally replacing the monarchy with a republic. All of the votes were by members of the ruling Nea Dimokratia party and it would land on Venus on October 22 at 13,12 Venus solar time and transmit data for 53 minutes. Two passenger trains collided head on near Munich, West Germany, born, Shilpa Shetty, Indian film actress, in Mangalore A fire inside a jail at Sanford, Florida, killed eleven people, most of the inmates were trapped in their cells. The salary for Pele, who grown up in poverty, was $4,700,000 for 107 regular season games for the Cosmos in 1975,1976, and 1977. In Washington, DC, the Rockefeller Commission issued its report on CIA abuses, the United Kingdom became an oil-producing nation as the first crude oil was pumped from a well drilled into the North Sea. The Transworld 58 submersible drilling rig, located 180 miles off of the coast of Scotland, the U. S House of Representatives voted 209 to 187 to reject President Fords proposal for a 23 cent federal fuel tax on each gallon of gasoline sold in the U. S. The President had promoted the tax as a step in eliminating U. S. dependency on oil by 1985. Army referred to in the story headlined Suicide Revealed, the news item, in turn, was drawn from the recently released report of the Rockefeller Commission on CIA activities. Most of the officers, complying with the order, were imprisoned for more than one month, born, Choi Ji-woo, South Korean actress and model, in Paju Indian Emergency, At 9,35 a. m. Her main opponent for the Raebareli Constituency seat in 1971, Raj Narain had brought a petition to unseat her, Mrs. Gandhi sent word that she refused to resign
6.
July 1975
–
ARPANET, predecessor to the Internet, was declared fully operational and under the control of the Defense Communications Agency, part of the U. S. Department of Defense. The affidavit was filed as part of Nixons suit seeking custody of his records, including the tape recordings, as the 1976 fiscal year began, New York City announced the firing of 37,000 city employees in order to save $1.2 billion from the city budget. Laid off were 5,000 police,2,100 firefighters,3,000 garbage collectors,10,000 health workers and 17,000 people in education. Deputy Australian Prime Minister Jim Cairns was fired by Prime Minister Gough Whitlam after being accused of activity in obtaining foreign loans for Australia. Australias Parliament voted 55-33 on July 14 to accept the firing, previously, employment could be denied to a homosexual person on grounds of possible embarrassment to the federal service. The Commission ruled that, as any other government employee. Explosives had been placed inside of a refrigerator that had set by terrorists in front of a toy store. A Palestiinian guerilla group claimed responsibility, billie Jean King defeated Evonne Goolagong to win the Wimbledon womens singles championship. The 6-0, 6-1 win was the most one-sided womens final since 1951, King announced afterward that she was retiring from singles tournaments to concentration on her professional league, World Team Tennis. Sydney newspaper publisher and heiress, Juanita Nielsen, disappeared after leaving her office at 11,00 am for an appointment that she never kept. Her handbag was found on July 14 nearby in Penrith, Nielsen published NOW, and had been a crusader against the demolition of an historic part of the city. Cape Verde gained independence after 500 years of Portuguese rule of the 15 inhabited islands off of the coast of West Africa, at Praia, Portugals Prime Minister Vasco Goncalves turning over power to National Assembly President Abilio Duarte. Later in the day, the assembly elected Aristides Pereira as President, hawaiis Mauna Loa volcano erupted after 25 years of inactivity, toward the city of Hilo. Dmitri Shostakovich completed his composition, Opus 147 Sonata for viola. He would die five weeks later on August 9, the Shia Amal militia, founded by Imam Musa al-Sadr, was being instructed on the use of landmines and explosives by the al Fatah branch of the PLO in Lebanon, when the lesson went horribly wrong. A huge explosion killed 42 of the fighters, and wounded more than 80, one island, Mayotte, would remain a French overseas department. She had to be euthanized the following day, fifty-two people, most of them students in Pakistan who were on their way to a vacation at Abbotabad, were killed when their bus fell into a ravine. Warren A. Klope shattered the record for stone skipping after sending a flat rock that bounced 24 times along the waters of Lake Superior
7.
August 1975
–
It would operate until July 31,1976. The skull of KNM ER3733, a woman of the species Homo ergaster, was discovered by Bernard Ngeneo,1,750,000 years after her death, by August 9, the nearly intact skull had been carefully unearthed. The Republic of Cabinda unilaterally declared independence, the highest temperatures ever recorded in Massachusetts and Rhode Island took place during a heat wave in northeast United States. Carrying U. S. Major Carl-Christen Hjort said that the fighter was equipped with air-to-air missiles, billy Martin had his first game as manager of baseballs New York Yankees for owner George Steinbrenner being hired and fired in several times between 1975 and 1988. In his outing, he guided the Yankees to a 5-3 win over the Cleveland Indians, less than four weeks after becoming the first President of the Comoros, Ahmed Abdallah was overthrown in a bloodless coup. Foreign mercenaries, sponsored by French soldier of fortune Bob Denard, seized the radio station and television station in Moroni. An hour later, opposition leader Ali Soilih announced that he was the new President, solih would place Said Mohamed Jaffar in the office of President, before assuming the job himself in January. A0620-00, the first x-ray nova to also be visible on a telescope, was seen. After eight months, the diminished, and the object is considered to be likely to be a black hole that was created more than in the 10th century BC. The Louisiana Superdome opened in New Orleans, the gunman, Eugene Conner, was convicted of murder in 1978 after being turned in by his own brother. A chartered ALIA, Royal Jordanian Airlines Boeing 707 crashed into the side of a mountain while attempting to land at Agadir after departing Paris three hours earlier, all but four of the passengers were Moroccans who worked in France and who were coming home on their vacations. All 188 people on the jet were killed, members of the Japanese Red Army terrorist group fought their way into the American consulate in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, then took 52 hostages, only five of whom were American. The group demanded the release of 7 jailed Red Army members, five of the JRA prisoners accepted the offer of safe passage and were flown to Libya. U. S. President Ford signed into law a U. S. Senate resolution posthumously restoring the American citizenship of Confederate Army General Robert E. Lee, Lee had died in 1870, but had signed an oath of allegiance in 1865 as part of being granted amnesty. Although more than a late, President Ford said, I am delighted to sign this resolution. The Parliament of India retroactively changed the 1971 election law that Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had violated four years earlier while running for her seat in the Lok Sabha. Gandhi had been convicted on June 12 of violating campaign laws, with a penalty of being barred from public office for six years. Most citizens of India were unaware of the rewriting of the law because of censorship of the press, South African troops drove ten miles into Angola, resulting in a decision by Cuba to increase its presence in the African nation
8.
2nd millennium
–
The second millennium was a period of time that began on January 1,1001 and ended on December 31,2000 of the Gregorian calendar. It was the period of one thousand years in the Anno Domini or Common Era. The Renaissance saw the beginning of the migration of humans from Europe, Africa. The interwoven international trade led to the formation of multi-national corporations, international business ventures reduced the impact of nationalism in popular thought. The world population doubled over the first seven centuries of the millennium, consequently, unchecked human activity had considerable social and environmental consequences, giving rise to extreme poverty, climate change and biotic crisis. The 2nd millennium was a period of time began on January 1,1001. It was the period of one thousand years in the Anno Domini or Common Era. The Julian calendar was used in Europe at the beginning of the millennium, so the end date is always calculated according to the Gregorian calendar, but the beginning date is usually according to the Julian calendar. Stephen Jay Gould argued that it is not possible to decide if the millennium ended on December 31,1999, or December 31,2000. The second millennium is perhaps more popularly thought of as beginning and ending a year earlier, thus starting at the beginning of 1000 and finishing at the end of 1999. Many public celebrations for the end of the millennium were held on December 31,1999 – January 1, the civilizations in this section are organized according to the UN geoscheme. The events in this section are organized according to the UN geoscheme, the people in this section are organized according to the UN geoscheme. See also Lists of people by nationality Category, People by century Category, People by nationality and period Gottlieb, Agnes Hooper, Henry Gottlieb, Barbar Bowers,1,000 Years,1,000 People, Ranking the Men and Women Who Shaped the Millennium
9.
19th century
–
The 19th century was the century marked by the collapse of the Spanish, Napoleonic, Holy Roman and Mughal empires. After the defeat of the French Empire and its allies in the Napoleonic Wars, the Russian Empire expanded in central and far eastern Asia. By the end of the century, the British Empire controlled a fifth of the worlds land, the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain and spread to continental Europe, North America and Japan. The Victorian era was notorious for the employment of children in factories and mines, as well as strict social norms regarding modesty. Japan embarked on a program of rapid modernization following the Meiji Restoration, before defeating China, under the Qing Dynasty, europes population doubled during the 19th century, from approximately 200 million to more than 400 million. Numerous cities worldwide surpassed populations of a million or more during this century, London became the worlds largest city and capital of the British Empire. Its population increased from 1 million in 1800 to 6.7 million a century later, liberalism became the pre-eminent reform movement in Europe. Slavery was greatly reduced around the world, following a successful slave revolt in Haiti, Britain and France stepped up the battle against the Barbary pirates and succeeded in stopping their enslavement of Europeans. The UKs Slavery Abolition Act charged the British Royal Navy with ending the slave trade. The first colonial empire in the century to abolish slavery was the British, americas 13th Amendment following their Civil War abolished slavery there in 1865, and in Brazil slavery was abolished in 1888. Similarly, serfdom was abolished in Russia, in the 19th century approximately 70 million people left Europe, with most migrating to the United States of America. The 19th century also saw the creation, development and codification of many sports, particularly in Britain. Also, ladywear was a sensitive topic during this time. 1801, Ranjit Singh crowned as King of Punjab,1801, Napoleon signs the Concordat of 1801 with the Pope. 1801, Cairo falls to the British,1801, Assassination of Tsar Paul I of Russia. 1802, Ludwig van Beethoven performs his Moonlight Sonata for the first time,1803, William Symington demonstrates his Charlotte Dundas, the first practical steamboat. 1803, The United States more than doubles in size when it buys out Frances territorial claims in North America via the Louisiana Purchase. This begins the U. S. s westward expansion to the Pacific referred to as its Manifest Destiny which involves annexing and conquering land from Mexico, Britain,1803, The Wahhabis of the First Saudi State capture Mecca and Medina
10.
20th century
–
The 20th century was a century that began on January 1,1901 and ended on December 31,2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium and it is distinct from the century known as the 1900s, which began on January 1,1900 and ended on December 31,1999. It saw great advances in communication and medical technology that by the late 1980s allowed for near-instantaneous worldwide computer communication, the term short twentieth century was coined to represent the events from 1914 to 1991. It took all of history up to 1804 for the worlds population to reach 1 billion, world population reached 2 billion estimates in 1927, by late 1999. Globally approximately 45% of those who were married and able to have children used contraception, 40% of pregnancies were unplanned, the century had the first global-scale total wars between world powers across continents and oceans in World War I and World War II. The century saw a shift in the way that many people lived, with changes in politics, ideology, economics, society, culture, science, technology. The 20th century may have seen more technological and scientific progress than all the other centuries combined since the dawn of civilization, terms like ideology, world war, genocide, and nuclear war entered common usage. It was a century that started with horses, simple automobiles, and freighters but ended with high-speed rail, cruise ships, global commercial air travel and the space shuttle. Horses, Western societys basic form of transportation for thousands of years, were replaced by automobiles and buses within a few decades. Humans explored space for the first time, taking their first footsteps on the Moon, mass media, telecommunications, and information technology made the worlds knowledge more widely available. Advancements in medical technology also improved the health of many people, rapid technological advancements, however, also allowed warfare to reach unprecedented levels of destruction. World War II alone killed over 60 million people, while nuclear weapons gave humankind the means to annihilate itself in a short time, however, these same wars resulted in the destruction of the Imperial system. For the first time in history, empires and their wars of expansion and colonization ceased to be a factor in international affairs, resulting in a far more globalized. The last time major powers clashed openly was in 1945, and since then, technological advancements during World War I changed the way war was fought, as new inventions such as tanks, chemical weapons, and aircraft modified tactics and strategy. After more than four years of warfare in western Europe, and 20 million dead. The regime of Tsar Nicholas II was overthrown during the conflict, Russia became the first communist state, at the beginning of the period, Britain was the worlds most powerful nation, having acted as the worlds policeman for the past century. Meanwhile, Japan had rapidly transformed itself into an advanced industrial power. Its military expansion into eastern Asia and the Pacific Ocean culminated in an attack on the United States
11.
21st century
–
The 21st century is the current century of the Anno Domini era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. It began on January 1,2001 and will end on December 31,2100 and it is the first century of the 3rd millennium. It is distinct from the time known as the 2000s. The long term effects of increased globalization are not known, the Arab Spring of the early 2010s led to mixed outcomes in the Arab world. The Digital Revolution which began around the 1980s also continues into the present, millennials and Generation Z come of age and rise to prominence in this century. The completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003 marks the rise of life sciences, making mankinds long-held dreams, such as curing cancer. By the 2010s, gene therapy, first performed somatically in late 1990 and heritably in 1996, showed promise but remains an experimental, by 2013, about 80% of the worlds population used mobile phones. An estimated 33% owned personal computers in 2010, and 46% used the Internet by 2016, the International Energy Agency estimates that 83% of the global population has access to electricity as of 2013 with the percentage projected to increase to 88% by 2030. The world population was about 6.1 billion at the start of the 21st century and it had reached 7.3 billion in 2015, and is estimated to reach about 9.37 billion by the year 2050. There is a debate among experts and the public on how to pronounce specific years of the 21st century in English. A less common variation would have been twenty nought-five, the Vancouver Olympics, which took place in 2010, was being officially referred to by Vancouver 2010 as the twenty-ten Olympics. The latest timeframes for change are usually placed at 2020, kubrick said he did this in the hope that if the film became popular, it would influence the pronunciation of that year. See the timeline of the 21st century, genocide still remains a problem in this century with the concern of the war in Darfur and the growing concern in Sri Lanka. Also controversies from past genocides remain commonplace in the minds of victims, 1998–2002 – The Second Congo War continued into the early 21st century. A1999 ceasefire quickly broke down and a UN peacekeeping mission, Laurent Kabila, president of the DRC, was assassinated in January 2001 and his son, Joseph Kabila, took power. Throughout 2002 steps were made towards peace and Rwanda and Uganda both removed their troops from the country, on December 17,2002, a massive treaty officially ended the war. However, the DRC only holds power in less than half of the country, with most of the eastern and northern portions still controlled by rebel groups, in addition, Rwanda still supports anti-DRC rebels and anti-Rwandan rebels continue to operate from the DRC. The war killed an estimated 3.9 million people, displaced nearly 5.5 million, Severe human rights violations continue to be reported
12.
1950s
–
The 1950s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1950, and ended on December 31,1959. Clashes between communism and capitalism dominated the decade, especially in the Northern Hemisphere, the conflicts included the Korean War in the beginnings of the decade and the beginning of the Space Race with the launch of Sputnik 1. Along with increased testing of weapons, this created a politically conservative climate. In the United States, the Second Red Scare caused Congressional hearings by both houses in Congress and anti-communism was the sentiment in the United States throughout the decade. The beginning of decolonization in Africa and Asia took place in this decade, when it began, North and South Korea existed as provisional governments competing for control over the Korean peninsula, due to the division of Korea by outside powers. On September 15, General Douglas MacArthur conducted Operation Chromite, a landing at the city of Inchon. The North Korean army collapsed, and within a few days and he then pushed north, capturing Pyongyang in October. Chinese intervention the following month drove UN forces south again, MacArthur then planned for a full-scale invasion of China, but this was against the wishes of President Truman and others who wanted a limited war. He was dismissed and replaced by General Matthew Ridgeway, the war then became a bloody stalemate for the next two and a half years while peace negotiations dragged on. The war left 33,742 American soldiers dead,92,134 wounded, estimates place Korean and Chinese casualties at 1,000, 000–1,400,000 dead or wounded, and 140,000 MIA or POW. The Vietnam War began in 1959, diệm instituted a policy of death penalty against any communist activity in 1956. The Viet Minh began a campaign in early 1957. An article by French scholar Bernard Fall published in July 1958 concluded that a new war had begun, the first official large unit military action was on September 26,1959, when the Viet Cong ambushed two ARVN companies. Arab–Israeli conflict Suez Crisis – The Suez Crisis was a war fought on Egyptian territory in 1956, following the nationalisation of the Suez Canal in 1956 by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the United Kingdom, France and Israel subsequently invaded. The operation was a success, but after the United States and Soviet Union united in opposition to the invasion. The war eventually led to the independence of Algeria from France, cuban Revolution – The 1959 overthrow of Fulgencio Batista by Fidel Castro, Che Guevara and other forces resulted in the creation of the first communist government in the Western hemisphere. The Mau Mau began retaliating against the British in Kenya and this led to concentration camps in Kenya, a British military victory, and the election of moderate nationalist Jomo Kenyatta as leader of Kenya. The wind of destruction began in Rwanda in 1959 following the assault of Hutu politician Dominique Mbonyumutwa by Tutsi forces and this was the beginning of decades of ethnic violence in the country, which culminated in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide
13.
1960s
–
The 1960s was a decade that began on January 1,1960, and ended on December 31,1969. The term 1960s also refers to an era more often called the Sixties and this cultural decade is more loosely defined than the actual decade, beginning around 1963 with the Kennedy assassination and ending around 1972 with the Watergate scandal. The decade was also labeled the Swinging Sixties because of the fall or relaxation of social taboos especially relating to racism and sexism that occurred during this time and he charts the rise, success, fall/nightmare and explosion in the London scene of the 1960s. Several Western nations such as the United States, United Kingdom, France, by the end of the 1950s, war-ravaged Europe had largely finished reconstruction and began a tremendous economic boom. World War II had brought about a huge leveling of social classes in which the remnants of the old feudal gentry disappeared, the United States, after sluggish economic growth during the 1950s, also experienced a major 60s boom. Real GDP growth averaged 6% a year during the half of the decade. Thus, the worldwide economic trend in the 1960s was one of prosperity, expansion of the middle class. Kennedys assassination in 1963 was a shock, Liberal reforms were finally passed under Lyndon B. Johnson including civil rights for African Americans and healthcare for the elderly and the poor. Despite his large-scale Great Society programs, Johnson was increasingly reviled by the New Left at home, the heavy-handed American role in the Vietnam War outraged student protestors around the globe. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr, in Britain, the Labour Party gained power in 1964. In France, the protests of 1968 led to President Charles de Gaulle temporarily fleeing the country, for some, May 1968 meant the end of traditional collective action and the beginning of a new era to be dominated mainly by the so-called new social movements. Italy formed its first left-of-center government in March 1962 with a coalition of Christian Democrats, Social Democrats, socialists joined the ruling block in December 1963. In Brazil, João Goulart became president after Jânio Quadros resigned, in Africa the 1960s was a period of radical political change as 32 countries gained independence from their European colonial rulers. The Cold War, The Vietnam War 1961 – Substantial American advisory forces first arrive in Vietnam,1962 – By mid-1962, the number of U. S. military advisers in South Vietnam had risen from 900 to 12,000. The resolution gave U. S. President Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a declaration of war by Congress. The Johnson administration subsequently cited the resolution as legal authority for its rapid escalation of U. S. military involvement in the Vietnam War. 1966 – After 1966 with the draft in more than 500,000 troops were sent to Vietnam by the Johnson administration. Portuguese Colonial War – the war was fought between Portugals military and the emerging nationalist movements in Portugals African colonies and it was a decisive ideological struggle and armed conflict of the cold war in African and European scenarios
14.
1970s
–
The 1970s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1970, and ended on December 31,1979. In the 21st century, historians have portrayed the 1970s as a pivot of change in world history focusing especially on the economic upheavals. In the Western world, social values that began in the 1960s, such as increasing political awareness and economic liberty of women. In the United Kingdom, the 1979 elections resulted in the victory of its Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher, industrialized countries, except Japan, experienced an economic recession due to an oil crisis caused by oil embargoes by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. Novelist Tom Wolfe coined the term Me decade in his essay The Me Decade, the term describes a general new attitude of Americans towards atomized individualism and away from communitarianism, in clear contrast with the 1960s. Despite facing an oil crisis due to the OPEC embargo, the economy of Japan witnessed a boom in this period. The United States withdrew its forces from their previous involvement in the Vietnam War. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, which led to a war for ten years. Anwar El Sadat, President of Egypt, was instrumental in the event and consequently became extremely unpopular in the Arab world, Africa saw further decolonization in the decade, with Angola and Mozambique gaining their independence in 1975 from the Portuguese Empire after the restoration of democracy in Portugal. The continent was, however, plagued by military coups, with the long-reigning Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie being removed, civil wars. The economies of much of the world continued to make steady progress in the early 1970s because of the Green Revolution. The following year, Vietnam was officially declared reunited, Soviet war in Afghanistan - Although taking place almost entirely throughout the 1980s, the war officially started on December 27,1979. The Israelis were taken by surprise and suffered losses before they rallied. In the end, they managed to repel the Egyptians and crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt proper, in 1978, Egypt signed a peace treaty with Israel at Camp David in the United States, ending outstanding disputes between the two countries. Sadats actions would lead to his assassination in 1981, Indian emergency Lebanese Civil War - A civil war in the Middle East which at times also involved the PLO and Israel during the early 1980s. Western Sahara War - A regional war pinning the rebel Polisario Front against Morocco, Ugandan–Tanzanian War - the war which was fought between Uganda and Tanzania was based on an expansionist agenda to annex territory from Tanzania. The war resulted in the overthrow of Idi Amins regime, the Ogaden War was another African conflict between Somalia and Ethiopia over control of the Ogaden region. In 1976 peaceful student protests in the Soweto township of South Africa lead to the Soweto Uprising when more than 700 black school children were killed by South Africas Security Police, Rise of separatism in the province of Quebec in Canada
15.
1980s
–
The 1980s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1980, and ended on December 31,1989. The decade saw great socioeconomic change due to advances in technology, Japan and West Germany saw large economic growth during this decade. The AIDS epidemic became recognized in the 1980s and has killed an estimated 39 million people. Global warming became well known to the scientific and political community in the 1980s, the final decade of the Cold War opened with the US-Soviet confrontation continuing largely without any interruption. Superpower tensions escalated rapidly as President Reagan scrapped the policy of détente and adopted a new, islamism became a powerful political force in the 1980s and many terrorist organizations, including Al Qaeda started. The Cold War ended in the early 1990s with the successful Reunification of Germany, the 1980s saw great advances in genetic and digital technology. The 1980s saw the advent of the practice of sex-selective abortion in China. By 1989 the Internet and the networks linked to it were a system with extensive transoceanic satellite links. Based on earlier work from 1980 onwards Tim Berners Lee formalized the concept of the World Wide Web by 1989, television viewing became commonplace in the Third World, with the number of TV sets in China and India increasing by 15 and 10 times respectively. The Rome and Vienna airport attacks took place on December 27,1985, the attack was done by militants loyal to Abu Nidal, backed by the government of Libya. The 1983 Beirut barracks bombing – during the Lebanese Civil War two truck bombs struck separate buildings housing United States and French military forces killing 299 American, the organization Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility for the bombing. The 1984 anti-Sikh riots in India, committed by Hindu militants against Sikhs in response to the assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi by a Sikh militant, thousands of people are killed and tens of thousands of Sikhs became displaced persons. Air India Flight 182 was destroyed on June 23,1985 and it was the biggest mass murder involving Canadians in Canadas history. On December 21,1988, Pan Am Flight 103 was blown up over the village of Lockerbie, Scotland, the bombing killed all 243 passengers,16 crew members and 11 people on the ground, totaling 270 fatalities who were citizens of 21 nationalities. The bombing was and remains the worst terrorist attack on UK soil, invasion of Grenada – a 1983 U. S. -led invasion of Grenada, triggered by a military coup which ousted a brief revolutionary government. Salvadoran Civil War – part of the war conflicts, reached its peak in the 1980s,70,000 Salvadorans died. Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, sparking the Falklands War and it occurred from 2 April to 14 July 1982 between the United Kingdom and Argentina as British forces fought to recover the islands. Britain emerged victorious and its stance in international affairs and its long decaying reputation as a colonial power received an unexpected boost
16.
1990s
–
The 1990s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1,1990, and ended on December 31,1999. Culturally, the 1990s are characterized by the rise of multiculturalism and alternative media, movements such as grunge, the rave scene and hip hop spread around the world to young people during that decade, aided by then-new technology such as cable television and the World Wide Web. The United States also saw a revival in the use of the death penalty in the 1990s. The dot-com bubble of 1997–2000 brought wealth to some entrepreneurs before its crash between 2000 and 2001, New ethnic conflicts emerged in Africa, the Balkans, and the Caucasus, the former two which led to the Rwandan and Bosnian genocides, respectively. Zaire is renamed the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Second Congo War starts in 1998 in central Africa and includes 50 different cultures and 7 different nations. The Gulf War – Iraq was left in debt after the 1980s war with Iran. President Saddam Hussein accused Kuwait of flooding the market with oil, as a result, on 2 August 1990, Iraqi forces invaded and conquered Kuwait. The UN immediately condemned the action, and a force led by the United States was sent to the Persian Gulf. Aerial bombing of Iraq began in January 1991, and a month later, in the aftermath of the war, the Kurds in the north of Iraq and the Shiites in the south rose up in revolt, and Saddam Hussein barely managed to hold onto power. Until the US invasion in 2003, Iraq was cut off much of the world. The Chechen wars break out in the 1990s, The First Chechen War – the conflict was fought between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, during the war Russian forces largely recaptured the separatist region of Chechnya. The campaign largely reversed the outcome of the First Chechen War, the Kargil War – In May 1999, Pakistan sent troops covertly to occupy strategic peaks in Kashmir. A month later the Kargil War with India results in a fiasco for Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. The incident leads to a coup in October, in which Sharif is ousted by Army Chief Pervez Musharraf. This conflict remains the only war fought between two declared nuclear powers, the Kosovo War, War between Albanian separatists and Yugoslav military and Serb paramilitary forces in Kosovo begin in 1996 and escalates in 1998 with increasing reports of atrocities taking place. After weeks of bombing, Yugoslavia submits to NATOs demands and NATO forces occupy Kosovo, the Yugoslav Wars would become notorious for numerous war crimes and human rights violations such as ethnic cleansing and genocide committed by all sides. Ten-Day War – a brief conflict between Slovenian TO and the Yugoslav Peoples Army following Slovenias declaration of independence. Bosnian War – the war involved several ethnically defined factions within Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats as well as a smaller Bosniak faction led by Fikret Abdić
17.
1972
–
Within the context of Coordinated Universal Time it was the longest year ever, as two leap seconds were added during this 366-day year, an event which has not since been repeated. January 1 – Kurt Waldheim becomes Secretary-General of the United Nations, january 2 – Pierre Hotel Robbery, Six men rob the safe deposit boxes of The Pierre hotel in New York City for at least $4 million. January 3 – MGMs 1951 Show Boat is presented on television by NBC for the first time and this marks the first complete network telecast of any version of Show Boat. January 4 The first scientific calculator is introduced. Rose Heilbron becomes the first woman judge at the Old Bailey in London, january 5 – U. S. President Richard Nixon orders the development of a Space Shuttle program. January 7 Iberia Airlines Flight 602 crashes into a 462-meter peak on the island of Ibiza,104 are killed, Howard Hughes speaks to the press by telephone to denounce Clifford Irvings hoax biography of him. January 9 – The RMS Queen Elizabeth is destroyed by fire in Hong Kong harbor, january 10 – Sheikh Mujibur Rahman returns to Bangladesh from Pakistan. January 13 – Prime Minister of Ghana Kofi Abrefa Busia is overthrown in a military coup, january 14 – Queen Margrethe II of Denmark succeeds her father, King Frederick IX, on the throne of Denmark. January 19 – The Libertarian enclave Minerva on a platform in the South Pacific, sponsored by the Phoenix Foundation, soon neighboring Tonga annexes the area and dismantles the platform. January 20 President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto announces that Pakistan will immediately begin a nuclear weapons program, fears are growing about the economy of the United Kingdom, where unemployment is now exceeding 1 million for the first time since World War II. January 21 A New Delhi bootlegger sells wood alcohol to a party,100 die. Tripura, part of the former independent Twipra Kingdom, becomes a state of India. January 24 – Japanese soldier Shoichi Yokoi is discovered in Guam, january 25 – Shirley Chisholm, the first African American Congresswoman, announces her candidacy for President. January 26 Yugoslavian air stewardess Vesna Vulović is the only survivor when her plane crashes in Czechoslovakia and she survives after falling 10,160 meters in the tail section of the aircraft. The Aboriginal Tent Embassy is set up on the lawn of Parliament House in Canberra, january 30 Bloody Sunday, The British Army kills 14 unarmed nationalist civil rights marchers in Derry, Northern Ireland. Pakistan withdraws from the Commonwealth of Nations, january 31 – King Birendra succeeds his father as King of Nepal. February 2 A bomb explodes at the British Yacht Club in West Berlin, killing Irwin Beelitz, the German militant group 2 June Movement announces its support of the Provisional Irish Republican Army. Anti-British riots take place throughout Ireland, the British Embassy in Dublin is burned to the ground, as are several British-owned businesses
18.
1973
–
January 1 The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. CBS sells the New York Yankees for $10 million to a 12-person syndicate led by George Steinbrenner, January 5 – American rock band Aerosmith releases their debut album. January 7 – Mark Essex kills 9 people at the Howard Johnsons hotel in downtown New Orleans, January 14 Elvis Presleys concert in Hawaii is the first worldwide telecast by an entertainer, that is watched by more people than watched the Apollo moon landings. January 15 – Vietnam War, Citing progress in peace negotiations, January 16 – Anna Christian Waters,5 years old, disappears from her home in Purisima Canyon, near Half Moon Bay, California. January 17 – Ferdinand Marcos becomes President for Life of the Philippines, January 18 – Eleven Labour Party councillors in Clay Cross, Derbyshire, England, are ordered to pay £6,985 for not enforcing the Housing Finance Act. January 20 – Richard Nixon is sworn in for a term as President of the United States. January 21 – The Communist League is founded in Denmark, January 22 Roe v. Wade, The U. S. Supreme Court overturns state bans on abortion. George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the world boxing championship. A Royal Jordanian Boeing 707 flight from Jeddah crashes in Kano, Former U. S. President Lyndon B. Johnson dies at his Stonewall, Texas, ranch, leaving no former U. S. President living until the resignation of Richard Nixon in 1974. The crew of Apollo 17 addresses a joint session of Congress after the completion of the final Apollo moon landing mission, January 23 Eldfell on the Icelandic island of Heimaey erupts. U. S. President Richard Nixon announces that a peace accord has been reached in Vietnam, January 25 – English actor Derren Nesbitt is convicted of assaulting his wife Anne Aubrey. January 27 – U. S. involvement in the Vietnam War ends with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords, January 31 – Pan American and Trans World Airlines cancelled their options to buy 13 Concorde airliners. February 6 – Toronto, Construction on the CN Tower begins, february 8 – A military insurrection in Uruguay poses an institutional challenge to President Juan María Bordaberry. February 11 – Vietnam War, The first American prisoners of war are released from Vietnam, february 12 – Ohio becomes the first U. S. state to post distance in metric on signs. February 13 – The United States dollar is devalued by 10%, february 16 – The Court of Appeal of England and Wales rules that The Sunday Times can publish articles on thalidomide and Distillers Company, despite ongoing legal actions by parents. February 21 – Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 is shot down by Israeli fighter aircraft over the Sinai Desert, february 22 – Sino-American relations, Following President Richard Nixons visit to mainland China, the United States and the Peoples Republic of China agree to establish liaison offices. February 26 – Edward Heaths British government publishes a Green Paper on prices and incomes policy, february 27 – The American Indian Movement occupies Wounded Knee, South Dakota. February 28 The Republic of Ireland general election is held, liam Cosgrave becomes the new Taoiseach
19.
1974
–
January 20 – The General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon makes its first flight at Edwards Air Force Base, California. January 26 – Bülent Ecevit, of CHP forms the new government of Turkey, February 1 Fire breaks out in the Joelma Building in São Paulo, Brazil,177 die,293 are injured,11 die later of their injuries. Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, is declared a Federal Territory, February 4 Heiress Patty Hearst, is kidnapped outside her Berkeley, California apartment by the Symbionese Liberation Army. February 8 – After a record 84 days in orbit, the crew of Skylab 4 returns to Earth, February 17 – A soccer stampede occurs in Cairo, killing 49. March 3 – Turkish Airlines Flight 981 travelling from Paris to London crashes in a wood near Paris and this becomes the deadliest single aircraft accident with no survivors. People magazines first issue released in the U. S. with Mia Farrow on the cover, march 8 Charles de Gaulle Airport opens in Paris, France. The Brady Bunch is cancelled after 5 seasons on ABC, Queen releases Queen II with the single Seven Seas of Rhye. March 10 – Japanese holdout, A Japanese World War II soldier, Second Lieutenant Hiroo Onoda, march 18 End of five month oil embargo by most OPEC nations against the United States, Europe and Japan which had caused the 1973 oil crisis. After 23 consecutive years on television, Lucille Ball airs the finale of Heres Lucy. March 26 – A group of peasant women in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India, use their bodies to surround trees in order to prevent loggers from felling them, march 29 The Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huang is discovered at Xian, China. April – The world population reaches 4 billion people estimated by the United States Census Bureau, April 2 – French president Georges Pompidou, dies of cancer at 63. Alain Poher succeeds him immediately, Valéry Giscard dEstaing wins the presidential contest in May 1974, April 3–4 – An enormous tornado outbreak strikes the central parts of the United States, killing around 319 people. Known as the 1974 Super Outbreak, the event was the largest of its kind until the 2011 Super Outbreak, April 4 – Hank Aaron ties Babe Ruth for the all-time home run record with his 714th at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati. April 5 – Stephen King publishes Carrie, his first novel, April 6 Swedish pop group ABBAs song Waterloo wins the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest in Brighton, England, UK. California Jam is held at the Ontario Motor Speedway in Ontario, California, April 8 – Hank Aaron became the all-time MLB home run leader with his 715th at Atlanta in front of a national television audience. April 11 – The Kiryat Shmona massacre takes place in Israel, April 15 – As Tania, Patty Hearst is photographed wielding an M1 carbine while robbing the Sunset District branch of the Hibernia Bank in San Francisco. April 24 – Guillaume Affair, exposure of an East German spy Günter Guillaume within the West German government, April 25 – Carnation Revolution, A right-wing military coup in Portugal restores democracy, ending 48 years of Estado Novo and Ditadura Nacional dictatorship in the country. Portuguese Prime Minister Marcelo Caetano flees to Brazil and is granted asylum by Brazilian President Ernesto Geisel
20.
1976
–
January – The Cray-1, the first commercially developed supercomputer, is released by Seymour Crays Cray Research. January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea, january 11 – The 1976 Philadelphia Flyers–Red Army game results in a 4–1 victory for the National Hockey Leagues Philadelphia Flyers over HC CSKA Moscow of the Soviet Union. January 15 – Would-be Gerald Ford presidential assassin Sara Jane Moore is sentenced to life in prison, january 16 – The trial against jailed members of the Red Army Faction begins in Stuttgart, West Germany. January 18 Full diplomatic relations are established between Bangladesh and Pakistan 5 years after the Bangladesh Liberation War, the Scottish Labour Party is formed. Super Bowl X, The Pittsburgh Steelers defeat the Dallas Cowboys, 21–17, january 19 – Jimmy Carter wins the Iowa Democratic Caucus. January 21 – The first commercial Concorde flight takes off, january 27 The United States vetoes a United Nations resolution that calls for an independent Palestinian state. The First Battle of Amgala breaks out between Morocco and Algeria in the Spanish Sahara, january 29 – Twelve Provisional Irish Republican Army bombs explode in the West End of London. January 30 – Live from Lincoln Center debuts on PBS, february 4 The 1976 Winter Olympics begin in Innsbruck, Austria. In Guatemala and Honduras an earthquake kills more than 22,000, february 5 – Nearly 2,000 students become involved in a racially charged riot at Escambia High School in Pensacola, Florida,30 students are injured in the 4-hour fray. February 9 – The Australian Defence Force is formed by unification of the Australian Army, the Royal Australian Navy, february 11 – Clifford Alexander, Jr. is confirmed as the first African American Secretary of the United States Army. February 13 – General Murtala Mohammed of Nigeria is assassinated in a military coup, february 15 – The 1976 Constitution of Cuba is adopted by national referendum. February 24 – Cubas current constitution is enacted, february 26 – The Spanish Armed Forces withdraw from Western Sahara. February 27 – The Polisario Front, Western Saharas national liberation movement, february 28 – Madagascar becomes the first country to recognise the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. Home Secretary Merlyn Rees ends Special Category Status for those sentenced for scheduled terrorist crimes relating to the violence in Northern Ireland. Burundi recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, March 2 – Vietnam recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. March 4 The Maguire Seven are found guilty of possessing explosives, the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention is formally dissolved in Northern Ireland, resulting in direct rule of Northern Ireland from London via the British Parliament. March 6 – Algeria recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, March 9 – A cable car disaster in Cavalese, Italy leaves 42 dead. March 9 – March 11 – Two coal mine explosions claim 26 lives at the Blue Diamond Coal Co, scotia Mine, in Letcher County, Kentucky
21.
1977
–
January 3 – Apple Computer is incorporated. January 6 – Record company EMI drops the controversial United Kingdom punk rock group the Sex Pistols, january 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group, january 9 – Legendary rock band Toto is founded by David Paich and Jeff Porcaro in Van Nuys, Los Angeles. January 10 Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire, ocean Park opens in Hong Kong. January 15 – Linjeflyg Flight 618 crashes into the Kälvesta area of Stockholm, january 17 Gary Gilmore is executed by firing squad in Utah. 49 marines from the USS Trenton and USS Guam perished in the waters of the Barcelona harbour, january 18 Scientists identify a previously unknown bacterium as the cause of the mysterious Legionnaires disease. Australias worst railway disaster at Granville, near Sydney, leaves 83 people dead, SFR Yugoslavia Prime minister Džemal Bijedić, his wife and 6 others are killed in a plane crash in Bosnia and Herzegovina. January 19 U. S. President Gerald Ford, on his full day in office. Snow falls in Miami for the time in its history. Snowfall has occurred farther south in the United States only on the mountains of the state of Hawaii. January 20 – Jimmy Carter is sworn in as President of the United States, january 21 – U. S. President Jimmy Carter pardons Vietnam War draft evaders. January 23 – Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of India calls for elections to the Lok Sabha. January 23 – Roots begins its phenomenally successful run on ABC, january 24 – The Massacre of Atocha occurs during the Spanish transition to democracy. January 26 – Katimavik is founded as a service organization for Canadian youths. January 28 – The Great Lakes Blizzard of 1977 hits Buffalo, New York, january 31 – The Centre Georges Pompidou is officially opened by French President Valéry Giscard dEstaing. February 2 – The Congress party of India, led by Indira Gandhi, splits with Jagjivan Ram and other senior leaders and this party later merges with the Janata Party. February 4 – Fleetwood Macs Grammy-winning album Rumours is released in the United States, February 7 The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 24 to dock with the Salyut 5 space station. Londons newly revived International Times proclaims for the first time that punk is dead, February 15 – The first Aardman Animations character, Morph, is introduced on British childrens television show Take Hart
22.
1978
–
January 1 The Copyright Act of 1976 takes effect, making sweeping changes to United States copyright law. Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes into the ocean near Bombay, Edward M. Davis retires from the Los Angeles Police Department after 30 years on the force and more than 8 years as its police chief. January 4 – A referendum in Chile supports the policies of dictator Augusto Pinochet, January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of CHP forms the new government of Turkey. January 6 – The Holy Crown of Hungary is returned to Hungary from the United States, January 10 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, a critic of the Nicaraguan government, is assassinated, riots erupt against Somozas government. January 14 – January 15 – The body of former U. S, vice President Hubert Humphrey lies in state in the Capitol Rotunda, following his death from cancer. Rock succeeds Edward M. Davis as LAPDs interim chief, January 18 – The European Court of Human Rights finds the British government guilty of mistreating prisoners in Northern Ireland, but not guilty of torture. January 19 – Federal Appeals Court Judge William H. Webster is appointed FBI Director, January 22 – Ethiopia declares the ambassador of West Germany persona non grata. January 24 Soviet satellite Kosmos 954 burns up in Earths atmosphere, Rose Dugdale and Eddie Gallagher become the first convicted prisoners to marry in prison in the history of the Republic of Ireland. January 25 – January 27 – The Great Blizzard of 1978 strikes the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes, January 28 – Richard Chase, the Vampire of Sacramento, is arrested. February 1 – film director Roman Polanski skips bail and flees to France, February 5 – February 7 – The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the New England region and the New York metropolitan area, killing about 100 and causing over US$520 million in damage. February 6 – King Dragon operation in Arakan, Burmese General Ne Win targets Muslim minorities in the village of Sakkipara, February 8 – United States Senate proceedings are broadcast on radio for the first time. February 8 – Project SHAWN begins in Connecticut, February 9 – The Budd Company unveils its first SPV-2000 self-propelled railcar in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. February 11 Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314, a Boeing 737-200, crashes in Cranbrook, British Columbia, sixteen Unification Church couples wed in New York City. Somalia mobilizes its troops, due to an apparent Ethiopian attack, the Peoples Republic of China lifts a ban on works by Aristotle, William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens. February 13 – Sydney Hilton Hotel bombing, A bomb explodes outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing 2 garbagemen, February 15 Rhodesia, one of only two remaining white-ruled African nations, announces that it will accept multiracial democracy within 2 years. Serial killer Ted Bundy is captured in Pensacola, Florida, February 16 The Hillside Strangler, a serial killer prowling Los Angeles, claims a tenth and final victim. The first computer bulletin board system is created in Chicago, February 19 – Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport February 21 – Electrical workers in Mexico City find the remains of the Great Pyramid of Tenochtitlan in the middle of the city. February 25 – The first Legislative Assembly election is held in Arunachal Pradesh, March 1 – Charlie Chaplins remains are stolen from Cosier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland
23.
1975 in architecture
–
The year 1975 in architecture involved some significant events. Planned residential development of Noak Bridge in the Borough of Basildon, designed by George Garrard and Maurice Naunton, june 10 - Fundació Joan Miró in Barcelona, designed by Josep Lluís Sert. June 25 - Addleshaw Tower at Chester Cathedral in England, designed by George Pace, first Canadian Place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the tallest building in Canada. The Fernmeldeturm Mannheim in Mannheim, Germany, the Willis Building, England, designed by Foster Associates. Granite Tower in Billings, Montana, designed by Harrison Faggs partnership, foire Internationale de Dakar in Senegal, designed by Jean-François Lamoureux and Jean-Louis Marin. Ramot Polin housing development in East Jerusalem, designed by Zvi Hecker, SAVE Britains Heritage founded as a campaigning group for endangered buildings
24.
1975 in poetry
–
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nations poetry or literature. Following the fall of the Greek military junta in 1974, poets, authors and intellectuals who had fled after the coup of 1967 return, radical Australian poet Dorothy Hewett publishes her collection Rapunzel in Suburbia, triggering a successful libel action by her lawyer ex-husband Lloyd Davies. Brick Books, a small press, is founded in London, Ontario, by Stan Dragland and Don McKay to publish work by Canadian poets. Listed by nation where the work was first published and again by the native land, if different, substantially revised works listed separately, Earle Birney. Don Domanski, The Cape Breton Book of the Dead Louis Dudek, Archibald Lampman, * Lampmans Kate, Late Love Poems of Archibald Lampman, Margaret Coulby Whitridge ed. Irving Layton, The Darkening Fire, Selected Poems, 1945–1968. Irving Layton, The Unwavering Eye, Selected Poems, 1969–1975, james Reaney, Selected Shorter Poems, Erin, Porcepic. Raymond Souster, Double Header, As Is, Lost & Found, raymond Souster and Richard Woollatt, eds. George Woodcock, Notes on Visitations, Poems 1936-75, Toronto, Anansi, Canada Ruskin Bond, Lone Fox Dancing, Lyric Poems, Calcutta, Writers Workshop, G. S. Sharat Chandra, Offsprings of Servagna, Calcutta, Writers Workshop, India. Amal Dankal, a book of poems, dor, Mappot Hazeman Haim Gouri, Ad Kav Ha-Nesher, by an Israeli writing in Hebrew Y. Ratosh, three volumes which appeared simultaneously I. Ratosh, three volumes which appeared simultaneously D. Rokeah, Ir Shezemana Kayitz Y. Alexandre, Sem Palavras nem Coisas N. Dorizo, The Sword of Victory, drunina, The Star of the Trenches. New Poems K. Vanshenkin, Campfire Reminiscences, smelyakov, Verses of Many Years B. Verses G. Korshak, The Stellar Hour I, czechoslovakia, Czech Julian Przybos, Poems and Notes, Poland Jan Skacel, a book of poetry. Manuel Orestes Nieto, Dar la cara A Soviet state prizes for poetry, K. Kuliyev, The Book of the Earth L
25.
1975 in music
–
This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1975. January 5 - The Wiz, a new version of the classic Wizard of Oz story. January 6 - Approximately 1000 Led Zeppelin fans, waiting for tickets to go on sale for Led Zeppelins February 4 concert, the fans reportedly broke chairs and doors and caused other damage to the building. Boston Mayor Kevin White cancels the upcoming show, January 8 - Three Led Zeppelin concerts at Madison Square Garden sell out in a record four hours. January 12 - The Warner Brothers Music Show begins a nine city,18 show tour of Europe, the tour included Warner Brothers acts Little Feat, Tower of Power, the Doobie Brothers, Bonaroo, Montrose, and Graham Central Station. January 24 - Jazz pianist Keith Jarrett plays the solo improvisation The Köln Concert at the Cologne Opera, February 13 - The film Slade In Flame, starring the members of Slade, premieres at the Metropole Theatre in London. February 21 - John Lennon releases his Rock n Roll LP, to promote the album he conducts a telephone interview with 20 rock radio stations simultaneously. March 1 - Jeff Beck releases the album Blow by Blow and it is the first album to be released using just his name. March 2 - Los Angeles Police make a traffic stop that turns out to be Paul McCartney. Linda is arrested for having 170 to 225 grams of marijuana in her pocketbook, march 21 - Alice Cooper, now a solo artist, begins the Welcome to My Nightmare tour in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The elaborate show is among the largest stage spectacles of the decade, march 22 - In the Eurovision Song Contest in Stockholm, Sweden, the Dutch group Teach-In wins with the song Ding-A-Dong. March 23 - Promoter Bill Graham stages the S. N. A. C. K, charity concert at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco, California, to benefit the citys educational system. Its the largest benefit concert in history to date, march 26 - The film version of The Whos Tommy premieres in London. April 3 - Steve Miller is arrested and charged with setting fire to the clothes and personal effects of a friend, Benita DiOrio, DiOrio drops the charges the following day. April 7 - Ritchie Blackmore plays a show with Deep Purple in Paris before quitting to form his own group. April 17 - Cambodian singer-songwriter Sinn Sisamouth and his pregnant wife are among millions forced out of Phnom Penh by the Khmer Rouge, april 18 - Alice Coopers first television special, Welcome to My Nightmare, The Making of a Record Album airs. April 24 - Pete Ham, founder of the group Badfinger, is hanged in his London garage. His death is ruled a suicide, april 28 - Tom Snyder interviews John Lennon on the Tomorrow Show
26.
1975 in spaceflight
–
In 1975 several notable events happened in spaceflight such as the launch to Mars of the Viking orbiter/landers missions, the joint Apollo–Soyuz Test Project, and the Venera 9 Venus mission. Viking 1 was launched on 20 August 1975 and Viking 2 was launched 9 September 1975 and this orbiter/lander mission was to photograph Mars in detail and to find water and life on the surface. The Apollo-Soyuz saw an end to the race with the USA. The mission was launched between 15 July 1975 and 17 July 1975, the Venera 9 mission was launched 8 June 1975 was another successful orbiter/lander mission
27.
1975 in Bangladesh
–
Events from the year 1975 in Bangladesh. Mahmud Hossain 25 January, The fourth amendment of constitution abolishes parliamentary system,25 February, Establishment of Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League led by Mujib as the single legitimate political party. 15 August - Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is assassinated,16 October - Rahima Banus smallpox infection is reported. She is the last known person to have been infected with naturally occurring Variola major,3 November, Jail Killing Day, assassination of four leaders of liberation war in prison. 7 November, Major Gen. Ziaur Rahman proclaims himself deputy martial law administrator with Chief Justice Sayem as Chief Martial Law Administrator,24 November, Col. Abu Taher arrested. 15 August, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his family,3 November, Tajuddin Ahmed, Syed Nazrul Islam, A. H. M. Qamaruzzaman and Muhammad Mansur Ali. 7 November, Brigadier General Khaled Mosharraf, Bir Protik, list of Bangladeshi films of 1975 Timeline of Bangladeshi history
375,617,000
,_2014_Comic-Con.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_(cropped).jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
_cropped.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
