1.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
2.
Ilene Woods
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Jacqueline Ruth Ilene Woods was an American voice actress and singer. Woods was the voice of the title character of the 12th Walt Disney animated classic Cinderella. Jacqueline Ruth Woods was born on May 5,1929, Woods mother worked behind the scenes of films, taking Woods with her. As a little girl, Woods dreamed about becoming a schoolteacher, Woods started acting at the age of two. At the age of 15, Woods was hired, along with Bob Johnstone, by Paul Whiteman to sing on his summer 1944 replacement show, the network quickly added her own radio program during that same summer, The Ilene Woods Show. The entire show was 15 minutes of music, broadcast three days per week, many songwriters came on the show to present their music, this is how she became friends with Mack David and Jerry Livingston. In 1948, two of her friends, Mack David and Jerry Livingston, called Woods to record Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo, A Dream Is a Wish Your Heart Makes. Soon, the songs were presented to Walt Disney so that they could be used in the English version of Cinderella, Walt Disney heard the demo recordings, and two days later asked Ilene to voice the star role of Cinderella. She gladly accepted the role, surprised that she had won against more than 300 others who had auditioned and she said in an interview for Classicfilm, Seeing it in its new form was breathtaking for me. The color is magnificent, it just took my breath away, I sort of forget when Im watching the movie that I had anything to do with it. Yet, it brings back so many memories of working with the wonderful artists. It brings back wonderful, wonderful memories, to promote Cinderella, Woods voiced Snow White in the 1949 Disney audiobook release of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Woods sang for President Franklin D. Roosevelt at his home in Hyde Park and she also sang at the White House for President Truman, after singing for the soldiers and sailors of war. Woods retired from business in 1972, but she continued to appear at occasional autograph shows. She married the first time at the age of 17 to Stephen Steck, Jr. and had a daughter, after a divorce, she married The Tonight Show drummer Ed Shaughnessy in 1963. Woods and Shaughnessy had two sons, James and Daniel, Woods spent her later years as a spokeswoman for United Cerebral Palsy telethons. Voice actress Jennifer Hale replaced Woods as the current voice of Cinderella since the direct-to-video sequels, in 2003, Woods was awarded a Disney Legend award for her voicework on the film Cinderella. One of her last appearances was playing a nurse in the Touched by an Angel episode Cassies Choice
3.
Cinderella (1950 film)
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Cinderella is a 1950 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney and originally released by RKO Radio Pictures. Based on the fairy tale Cendrillon by Charles Perrault, it is the twelfth Disney animated feature film, directing credits go to Clyde Geronimi, Hamilton Luske, and Wilfred Jackson. Songs were written by Mack David, Jerry Livingston, and Al Hoffman, songs in the film include Cinderella, A Dream is a Wish Your Heart Makes, Sing Sweet Nightingale, The Work Song, Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo, and So This is Love. It features the voices of Ilene Woods, Eleanor Audley, Verna Felton, Rhoda Williams, James MacDonald, Luis van Rooten, Don Barclay, Mike Douglas, at the time, however, the studio was over $4 million in debt and was on the verge of bankruptcy. Walt Disney and his animators turned back to film production in 1948 after producing a string of package films with the idea of adapting Charles Perraults Cendrillon into a motion picture. It is the first Disney film in all of Disneys Nine Old Men worked together as directing animators. After two years in production, Cinderella was finally released on February 15,1950 and it became the greatest critical and commercial hit for the studio since Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and helped reverse the studios fortunes. It is considered one of the best American animated films ever made and it received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Music, Original Song for Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo. Decades later, it was followed by two direct-to-video sequels—Cinderella II, Dreams Come True and Cinderella III, A Twist in Time—and a 2015 live-action remake directed by Kenneth Branagh. Despite this, Cinderella is a kind and gentle young woman and is friends with mice and birds live in. Meanwhile, at the palace, the King is frustrated that his son. He and the Grand Duke organize a ball in an effort to find a wife for the Prince. Upon receiving notice of the ball, Tremaine agrees to let Cinderella go if she finishes her chores, Cinderella finds a gown that belongs to her mother and decides to refashion it for the ball, but her step family impedes this by giving her extra chores. Cinderellas animal friends, including Jaq and Gus, refashion it for her, completing the design with a necklace and sash discarded by Drizella and Anastasia, a heartbroken Cinderella runs out into the garden in tears, where her Fairy Godmother appears before her. As Cinderella leaves for the ball, the Fairy Godmother warns her the spell will break at the stroke of midnight, at the ball, the Prince rejects every girl until he sees Cinderella, who agrees to dance with him. The two fall in love and go out for a stroll together in the castle gardens, as they are about to kiss, Cinderella hears the clock start to chime midnight and flees. As she leaves the castle, one of her slippers falls off, the palace guards give chase as Cinderella flees in the coach before the spell breaks on the last stroke of midnight. Cinderella, her pets, and the hide in a wooded area as the guards pass
4.
LP record
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The LP is an analog sound storage medium, a vinyl record format characterized by a speed of 33 1⁄3 rpm, a 12 or 10 inch diameter, and use of the microgroove groove specification. Introduced by Columbia in 1948, it was adopted as a new standard by the entire record industry. Apart from a few relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound, the new product was a 12- or 10-inch fine-grooved disc made of vinyl and played with a smaller-tipped microgroove stylus at a speed of 33 1⁄3 rpm. Each side of a 12-inch LP could play for more than 20 minutes, although the LP was suited to classical music because of its extended continuous playing time, it also allowed a collection of ten or more pop music recordings to be put on a single disc. The use of the word album persisted for the one-disc LP equivalent, the prototype of the LP was the soundtrack disc used by the Vitaphone motion picture sound system, developed by Western Electric and introduced in 1926. For soundtrack purposes, the less than five minutes of playing time of side of a conventional 12-inch 78 rpm disc was not acceptable. The sound had to play continuously for at least 11 minutes, long enough to accompany a full 1, the disc diameter was increased to 16 inches and the speed was reduced to 33 1⁄3 revolutions per minute. Unlike their smaller LP descendants, they were made with the same large standard groove used by 78s, unlike conventional records, the groove started at the inside of the recorded area near the label and proceeded outward toward the edge. Like 78s, early soundtrack discs were pressed in an abrasive shellac compound, syndicated radio programming was distributed on 78 rpm discs beginning in 1928. The desirability of a longer continuous playing time soon led to the adoption of the Vitaphone soundtrack disc format, 16-inch 33 1⁄3 rpm discs playing about 15 minutes per side were used for most of these electrical transcriptions beginning about 1930. Transcriptions were variously recorded inside out like soundtrack discs or with an outside start, some transcriptions were recorded with a vertically modulated hill and dale groove. This was found to allow deeper bass and also an extension of the frequency response. Neither of these was necessarily an advantage in practice because of the limitations of AM broadcasting. Today we can enjoy the benefits of those higher-fidelity recordings, even if the radio audiences could not. Initially, transcription discs were pressed only in shellac, but by 1932 pressings in RCA Victors vinyl-based Victrolac were appearing, by the late 1930s, vinyl was standard for nearly all kinds of pressed discs except ordinary commercial 78s, which continued to be made of shellac. Use of the LPs microgroove standard began in the late 1950s, the King Biscuit Flower Hour is a late example, as are Westwood Ones The Beatle Years and Doctor Demento programs, which were sent to stations on LP at least through 1992. RCA Victor introduced a version of a long-playing record for home use in September 1931. These Program Transcription discs, as Victor called them, played at 33 1⁄3 rpm and used a somewhat finer and they were to be played with a special Chromium Orange chrome-plated steel needle
5.
Soundtrack
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In movie industry terminology usage, a sound track is an audio recording created or used in film production or post-production. Initially the dialogue, sound effects, and music in a film each has its own track, and these are mixed together to make what is called the composite track. A dubbing track is later created when films are dubbed into another language. This is also known as a M & E track containing all sound elements minus dialogue which is supplied by the foreign distributor in the native language of its territory. The contraction soundtrack came into public consciousness with the advent of so-called soundtrack albums in the late 1940s and these phrases were soon shortened to just original motion picture soundtrack. More accurately, such recordings are made from a music track, because they usually consist of the isolated music from a film, not the composite track with dialogue. The soundtrack to the 1937 Walt Disney film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was the first commercially issued film soundtrack. It was released by RCA Victor Records on multiple 78 RPM discs in January 1938 as Songs from Walt Disneys Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and has since seen numerous expansions and reissues. The first live-action musical film to have a commercially issued soundtrack album was MGM’s 1946 film biography of Show Boat composer Jerome Kern, the album was originally issued as a set of four 10-inch 78-rpm records. Only eight selections from the film were included in this first edition of the album, in order to fit the songs onto the record sides the musical material needed editing and manipulation. Needless to say, it was several generations removed from the original, the playback recordings were purposely recorded very dry, otherwise it would come across as too hollow sounding in large movie theatres. This made these albums sound flat and boxy, the phrase is also sometimes incorrectly used for Broadway cast recordings. While it is correct in some instances to call a soundtrack a cast recording it is never correct to call a cast recording a soundtrack, contributing to the vagueness of the term are projects such as The Sound of Music Live. Which was filmed live on the set for an NBC holiday season special first broadcast in 2013, film score albums did not really become popular until the LP era, although a few were issued in 78-rpm albums. Like the 1967 re-release of the film, this version of the score was artificially enhanced for stereo, in recent years, Rhino Records has released a 2-CD set of the complete Gone With the Wind score, restored to its original mono sound. One of the film scores of all time was John Williams music from the movie Star Wars. Many film score albums go out-of-print after the films finish their theatrical runs, in a few rare instances an entire film dialogue track was issued on records. The 1968 Franco Zeffirelli film of Romeo and Juliet was issued as a 4-LP set, as a single LP with musical and dialogue excerpts, and as an album containing only the films musical score
6.
Songwriter
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A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
7.
Walt Disney
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Walter Elias Walt Disney was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons, as a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors, several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. Born in Chicago in 1901, Disney developed an early interest in drawing and he took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18. He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio with his brother Roy, with Ub Iwerks, Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his first highly popular success, he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years. As the studio grew, Disney became more adventurous, introducing synchronized sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons, the results, seen in features such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Fantasia, Pinocchio, Dumbo and Bambi, furthered the development of animated film. New animated and live-action films followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella and Mary Poppins, in the 1950s, Disney expanded into the amusement park industry, and in 1955 he opened Disneyland. In 1965, he began development of theme park, Disney World, the heart of which was to be a new type of city. Disney was a smoker throughout his life, and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed. Disney was a shy, self-deprecating and insecure man in private and he had high standards and high expectations of those with whom he worked. Although there have been accusations that he was racist or anti-semitic and his reputation changed in the years after his death, from a purveyor of homely patriotic values to a representative of American imperialism. Nevertheless, Disney is considered an icon, particularly in the United States. Walt Disney was born on December 5,1901, at 1249 Tripp Avenue and he was the fourth son of Elias Disney—born in the Province of Canada, to Irish parents—and Flora, an American of German and English descent. Aside from Disney, Elias and Calls sons were Herbert, Raymond and Roy, in 1906, when Disney was four, the family moved to a farm in Marceline, Missouri, where his uncle Robert had just purchased land. In Marceline, Disney developed his interest in drawing when he was paid to draw the horse of a neighborhood doctor. Elias was a subscriber to the Appeal to Reason newspaper, Disney also began to develop an ability to work with watercolors and crayons. He lived near the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway line and he and his younger sister Ruth started school at the same time at the Park School in Marceline in late 1909. In 1911, the Disneys moved to Kansas City, Missouri, before long, he was spending more time at the Pfeiffers house than at home
8.
Cinderella (Disney character)
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Cinderella is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures 12th animated feature film Cinderella and its sequels Cinderella II, Dreams Come True and Cinderella III, A Twist in Time. In the original film, Cinderella is voiced by American singer, when Prince Charming holds a ball, the evil stepmother does not allow her to go. Woods vocal performance, however, has been praised, positive reviews of the character, however, have surfaced. The Disney version of Cinderella was based on the French version of the tale by Charles Perrault and she later did the same kind of work for the characters of Princess Aurora in Sleeping Beauty and Anita Radcliff in 101 Dalmatians. According to Christopher Finch, author of The Art of Walt Disney, In the original 1950 film, Cinderella is voiced by American singer and actress Ilene Woods. In 1948, Woods was a young eighteen-year-old singer working as a radio personality at the time, ultimately, David and Livingston would play. An important role in Woodss career, Woods recorded the songs Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo, So This Is Love, and A Dream Is a Wish Your Heart Makes, which the songwriters then submitted to Disney himself. Upon reviewing and listening to the tracks, Disney, impressed, decided to contact Woods personally, two days afterward, Woods received a telephone call from Disney, with whom she immediately scheduled an interview. Woods recalled in an interview with the Los Angeles Times, We met and talked for awhile, Cinderella is 19 years old with medium-length strawberry-blonde hair, blue eyes, and fair complexion. After her father dies, she is forced into servitude in her own home and is tormented by her evil stepmother, Lady Tremaine. Despite this, she maintains hope through her dreams and remains a kind, gentle and she has faith that someday her dreams of happiness will come true and her kindness will be repaid. Cinderella is shown to have an attitude, but she is also a daydreamer. For example, in Sing Sweet Nightingale, she becomes distracted with the bubbles, also, after hearing that the Grand Duke is traveling the kingdom with the missing slipper, she dreamily dances back to the attic humming the song she heard at the ball. She is also shown to have a side and a sharp wit. With the help of her friends, she fixes up an old dress of her mothers so she can attend a royal ball. However, when her evil stepsisters brutally tear the dress apart, she is heartbroken, although colored silver in the original animated film, since the 1980s it has been colored powder blue. She wears her hair in a French twist supported by a blue headband with diamond earrings at the tips, and her accessories include powder blue opera gloves, a black choker. Her look was inspired by 1950s French haute couture, while her torn dress is clearly inspired by Salvador Dalì
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Franz Liszt
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Franz Liszt was a prolific 19th-century Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, music teacher, arranger, organist, philanthropist, author, nationalist and a Franciscan tertiary. Liszt gained renown in Europe during the nineteenth century for his prodigious virtuosic skill as a pianist. As a composer, Liszt was one of the most prominent representatives of the New German School and he left behind an extensive and diverse body of work in which he influenced his forward-looking contemporaries and anticipated many 20th-century ideas and trends. Franz Liszt was born to Anna Liszt and Adam Liszt on October 22,1811, in the village of Doborján in Sopron County, in the Kingdom of Hungary, Liszts father played the piano, violin, cello and guitar. He had been in the service of Prince Nikolaus II Esterházy and knew Haydn, Hummel, at age six, Franz began listening attentively to his fathers piano playing and showed an interest in both sacred and Romani music. Adam began teaching him the piano at age seven, and Franz began composing in an elementary manner when he was eight and he appeared in concerts at Sopron and Pressburg in October and November 1820 at age 9. After the concerts, a group of wealthy sponsors offered to finance Franzs musical education in Vienna, There Liszt received piano lessons from Carl Czerny, who in his own youth had been a student of Beethoven and Hummel. He also received lessons in composition from Antonio Salieri, then director of the Viennese court. Liszts public debut in Vienna on December 1,1822, at a concert at the Landständischer Saal, was a great success and he was greeted in Austrian and Hungarian aristocratic circles and also met Beethoven and Schubert. In spring 1823, when his one-year leave of absence came to an end, Adam Liszt therefore took his leave of the Princes services. At the end of April 1823, the returned to Hungary for the last time. At the end of May 1823, the family went to Vienna again, towards the end of 1823 or early 1824, Liszts first composition to be published, his Variation on a Waltz by Diabelli, appeared as Variation 24 in Part II of Vaterländischer Künstlerverein. Liszts inclusion in the Diabelli project—he was described in it as an 11 year old boy, born in Hungary—was almost certainly at the instigation of Czerny, his teacher, Liszt was the only child composer in the anthology. After his fathers death in 1827, Liszt moved to Paris, to earn money, Liszt gave lessons in piano playing and composition, often from early morning until late at night. His students were scattered across the city and he often had to long distances. Because of this, he kept uncertain hours and also took up smoking, the following year he fell in love with one of his pupils, Caroline de Saint-Cricq, the daughter of Charles Xs minister of commerce, Pierre de Saint-Cricq. Her father, however, insisted that the affair be broken off, Liszt fell very ill, to the extent that an obituary notice was printed in a Paris newspaper, and he underwent a long period of religious doubts and pessimism. He again stated a wish to join the Church but was dissuaded this time by his mother and he had many discussions with the Abbé de Lamennais, who acted as his spiritual father, and also with Chrétien Urhan, a German-born violinist who introduced him to the Saint-Simonists
10.
Cinderella (2015 Disney film)
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Cinderella is a 2015 American romantic fantasy film directed by Kenneth Branagh, with a screenplay written by Chris Weitz. The film is based on the folk tale and inspired in part by Walt Disneys 1950 animated film. The film stars Lily James as the character with Richard Madden, Cate Blanchett, Stellan Skarsgård, Holliday Grainger, Derek Jacobi. It is produced by David Barron, Simon Kinberg and Allison Shearmur for Walt Disney Pictures, Cinderella had its world premiere on February 13,2015, at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival and was released in theaters on March 13,2015. It grossed over $543 million worldwide, becoming Branaghs highest-grossing film to date, the film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design at the 88th Academy Awards. Ella is born to loving parents on an estate in a peaceful kingdom. Since childhood, she is taught by her mother to believe in magic, encouraging her to befriend animals, One day, Ellas mother falls terminally ill. On her deathbed, she advises Ella to always face lifes difficulties with courage, some years later, Ellas father remarries again with Lady Tremaine, a widow, who has two daughters of her own, Drisella and Anastasia. When Ellas father goes abroad for business, Lady Tremaine slowly reveals her cruel, Ellas life takes a turn for the worst when her father dies, causing Lady Tremaine to dismiss the household to save money and forcing all the chores on Ella. They abuse her further, not letting her eat properly, crushed by their cruelty, Ella rides off into the woods, where she meets Kit, who is part of a hunting party. Not knowing Kit is actually the prince to the kingdom, Ella admonishes him for hunting a stag. Kit is enchanted by Ellas kindness and outlook on life, the King, upon learning he has little time left, insists Kit take a bride, who should be a princess for the advantage of the kingdom. Kit persuades his father to invite every eligible maiden in the land to the ball in hopes of seeing Ella. When the ball is announced, the Tremaines are ecstatic at the prospect of marrying into royalty, Ella is also excited to attend the ball for the chance to see Kit, and fixes up her mothers old pink dress. On the night of the ball, Ella tries to join her stepfamily, an old beggar woman reveals herself to be Ellas fairy godmother. To help Ella attend the ball, the fairy godmother magically conjures a carriage and she casts a spell to prevent Ellas stepfamily from recognizing her, but warns that the magic will break at midnight. At the ball, Ella wins the coveted first dance with Kit, Kit shows Ella his secret garden. When midnight approaches, Ella flees and accidentally drops one of her glass slippers, at home, Ella hides the one glass slipper she has as a keepsake, content that her one night will become a beautiful memory
11.
Pinocchio (1940 film)
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Pinocchio is a 1940 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the Italian childrens novel The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi. It was the animated feature film produced by Disney, made after the success of Snow White. The plot of the film involves an old wood-carver named Geppetto who carves a puppet named Pinocchio. The puppet is brought to life by a fairy, who informs him that he can become a real boy if he proves himself to be brave, truthful. Pinocchios efforts to become a real boy involve encounters with a host of unsavory characters, the film was adapted by Aurelius Battaglia, William Cottrell, Otto Englander, Erdman Penner, Joseph Sabo, Ted Sears, and Webb Smith from Collodis book. The production was supervised by Ben Sharpsteen and Hamilton Luske, and the sequences were directed by Norman Ferguson, T. Hee, Wilfred Jackson, Jack Kinney. Pinocchio was an achievement in the area of effects animation, giving realistic movement to vehicles, machinery and natural elements such as rain, lightning, smoke, shadows. The film was released to theaters by RKO Radio Pictures on February 7,1940, critical analysis of Pinocchio identifies it as a simple morality tale that teaches children of the benefits of hard work and middle-class values. It eventually made a profit in its 1945 reissue, and is considered one of the greatest animated films ever made, the film and characters are still prevalent in popular culture, featuring at various Disney parks and in other forms of entertainment. In 1994, Pinocchio was added to the United States National Film Registry for being deemed culturally, historically, Jiminy Cricket explains that he is going to tell a story of a wish coming true. His story begins in the workshop of a woodworker named Geppetto, Jiminy watches as Geppetto finishes work on a wooden marionette whom he names Pinocchio. Before falling asleep, Geppetto makes a wish on a star that Pinocchio be a real boy, during the night, a Blue Fairy visits the workshop and brings Pinocchio to life, although he still remains a puppet. She informs him if he proves himself brave, truthful, and unselfish, he will become a real boy. Geppetto discovers that his wish has come true, and is filled with joy. However, on his way to school, Pinocchio is led astray by Honest John the Fox and his companion, Gideon the Cat, Pinocchio becomes Strombolis star attraction as a marionette who can sing and dance without strings. However, when Pinocchio wants to go home for the night, Jiminy arrives to see Pinocchio, and is unable to free him. The Blue Fairy appears, and asks Pinocchio why he was not at school, Jiminy urges Pinocchio to tell the truth, but instead he starts telling lies, which causes his nose to grow longer and longer. Pinocchio vows to be good from now on, and the Blue Fairy returns his nose to its form and sets him free
12.
Dream
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A dream is a succession of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that usually occur involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep. Dream interpretation is the attempt at drawing meaning from dreams and searching for an underlying message, the scientific study of dreams is called oneirology. Dreams mainly occur in the rapid-eye movement stage of brain activity is high. REM sleep is revealed by continuous movements of the eyes during sleep, at times, dreams may occur during other stages of sleep. However, these tend to be much less vivid or memorable. The length of a dream can vary, they may last for a few seconds, people are more likely to remember the dream if they are awakened during the REM phase. The average person has three to five dreams per night, and some may have up to seven, however, Dreams tend to last longer as the night progresses. During a full eight-hour night sleep, most dreams occur in the two hours of REM. Opinions about the meaning of dreams have varied and shifted through time, most people today appear to endorse the Freudian theory of dreams – that dreams reveal insight into hidden desires and emotions. Other prominent theories include those suggesting that dreams assist in memory formation, problem solving, the earliest recorded dreams were acquired from materials dating back approximately 5000 years, in Mesopotamia, where they were documented on clay tablets. In the Greek and Roman periods, the believed that dreams were direct messages from one and/or multiple deities, from deceased persons. Some cultures practiced dream incubation with the intention of cultivating dreams that are of prophecy, Sigmund Freud, who developed the psychological discipline of psychoanalysis, wrote extensively about dream theories and their interpretations in the early 1900s. He explained dreams as manifestations of ones deepest desires and anxieties, furthermore, he believed that virtually every dream topic, regardless of its content, represented the release of sexual tension. In The Interpretation of Dreams, Freud developed a technique to interpret dreams and devised a series of guidelines to understand the symbols. In modern times, dreams have been seen as a connection to the unconscious mind and they range from normal and ordinary to overly surreal and bizarre. Dreams can have varying natures, such as being frightening, exciting, magical, melancholic, adventurous, the events in dreams are generally outside the control of the dreamer, with the exception of lucid dreaming, where the dreamer is self-aware. Dreams can at times make a creative thought occur to the person or give a sense of inspiration, the Sumerians in Mesopotamia left evidence of dreams dating back to 3100 BC. According to these early recorded stories, gods and kings, like the 7th century BC scholar-king Assurbanipal, in his archive of clay tablets, some accounts of the story of the legendary king Gilgamesh were found
13.
Wish
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A wish is a hope or desire for something. Fictionally, wishes can be used as plot devices, in folklore, opportunities for making a wish or for wishes to come true or be granted are themes that are sometimes used. In fiction a wish is a demand placed on the recipients unlimited request. One can wish on many things for example, wishing wells, dandelions when one blows the seeds or light them on fire, stars and much more. When one wishes in a well he or she throws money in, in the hope his or her wish comes true, the money normally goes to a charity. A template for fictional wishes could be The Book of One Thousand and One Nights, specifically the tale of Aladdin, also, Aladdins demands, while outrageous, were mainly variations on wealth. Classically the wish provider is often a spirit, genie or similar entity, releasing the entity from its constraint, usually by some simple action, allows the objects possessor to make a wish. The subservience of the powerful entity to the wisher can be explained in several ways. The entity may be grateful to be free of its constraint, the entity may be bound to obedience by its prison or some other item that the wisher possesses. The entity may, by its nature, be unable to exercise its powers without an initiator, other wish providers are a wide variety of, more or less, inanimate objects. Jacobs Monkeys Paw is an example of this, some wishes appear to be granted by nothing in particular. This is common in a tale involving a person, male or female, wishing for a child, even one that is a hedgehog, or a sprig of myrtle, the number of wishes granted varies. Aladdin had a number in the original story, but was restricted to three wishes in the 1992 Disney film. As in the Charles Perrault tale The Ridiculous Wishes, three is the most common, but others may be granted to fit the constraints of the tale, several authors have spun variations of the wish for more wishes theme, though some disallow this as cheating. In many stories the wording of the wish is extremely important, for example, characters often say, I wish I was wealthy. This wording could be literally, the wish granted so that at one time the wisher was wealthy but is not any more. Saying, I wish to be wealthy, then because to be refers to either the present or the future, a common problem is the granter of the wish being either extremely literal or through malice granting the request in a manner designed to cause maximum distress. Certain authors have tried an always on approach, the careless use of the word wish in everyday conversation having, often unpleasant
14.
Fireworks
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Fireworks are a class of low explosive pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes. The most common use of a firework is as part of a fireworks display, Fireworks competitions are also regularly held at a number of places. Fireworks take many forms to produce the four primary effects, noise, light, smoke and they may be designed to burn with colored flames and sparks including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, and silver. Displays are common throughout the world and are the point of many cultural. Fireworks were invented in ancient China in the 7th century to scare evil spirits. Such important events and festivities as Chinese New Year and the Mid-Autumn Moon Festival were, China is the largest manufacturer and exporter of fireworks in the world. Fireworks are generally classified as to where they perform, either as a ground or aerial firework, in the latter case they may provide their own propulsion or be shot into the air by a mortar. The most common feature of fireworks is a paper or pasteboard tube or casing filled with the combustible material, a number of these tubes or cases are often combined so as to make, when kindled, a great variety of sparkling shapes, often variously colored. The skyrocket is a form of firework, although the first skyrockets were used in war. The aerial shell, however, is the backbone of todays commercial aerial display, such rocket technology has also been used for the delivery of mail by rocket and is used as propulsion for most model rockets. The earliest documentation of fireworks dates back to 7th century China, the fireworks were used to accompany many festivities. It is thus a part of the culture of China and had its origin there, the art and science of firework making has developed into an independent profession. In China, pyrotechnicians were respected for their knowledge of techniques in mounting firework displays. Chinese people originally believed that the fireworks could expel evil spirits and bring about luck, during the Song Dynasty, many of the common people could purchase various kinds of fireworks from market vendors, and grand displays of fireworks were also known to be held. In 1110, a fireworks display in a martial demonstration was held to entertain Emperor Huizong of Song. A record from 1264 states that a rocket-propelled firework went off near the Empress Dowager Gong Sheng, rocket propulsion was common in warfare, as evidenced by the Huolongjing compiled by Liu Bowen and Jiao Yu. In 1240 the Arabs acquired knowledge of gunpowder and its uses from China, with the development of chinoiserie in Europe, Chinese fireworks began to gain popularity around the mid-17th century. Lev Izmailov, ambassador of Peter the Great, once reported from China and his writings would be translated in 1765, resulting in the popularization of fireworks and further attempts to uncover the secrets of Chinese fireworks
15.
Remember... Dreams Come True
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Dreams Come True is a fireworks display at Disneyland commemorating the 50th anniversary of the park. It was created as an homage to Disneyland, its lands and attractions, the show was produced by Walt Disney Creative Entertainment, under direction of VP Parades and Spectaculars Steve Davison and fireworks designer Eric Tucker. The show was offered seasonally since 2009, showing Remember, Dreams Come True was replaced by Disneyland Forever in 2015 for the parks 60th anniversary, but returned on February 3,2017. Introduction - The introduction is provided by 50th Anniversary Ambassador and Disney Legend, Andrews tells the audience about the magic of Disneyland and the beauty of dreams and how important they really are. The Wishes fanfare and theme plays here, introducing the musical theme of the entire show. When You Wish Upon a Star - Andrews talks more about the magic of Disneyland, cinderella, Snow White, Ariel, Peter Pan, Pinocchio, and Aladdin all share their dreams and fondest wishes. At each characters introduction, a melody from the film they were in plays. In order, these songs are, A Dream Is a Wish Your Heart Makes, Im Wishing, Part of Your World, The Second Star to the Right, Ive Got No Strings, and A Whole New World. Tinker Bells Flight - Andrews invites the audience to share Walt Disneys dream come true, Disneyland, Tinker Bell flies out over Sleeping Beauty Castle as Walt Disneys original opening day dedication speech for Disneyland plays. The original announcement from the Disneyland Railroad is heard, as is the whistle and bell of DLRR #1, then music from Main Street, U. S. A. Such as Maple Leaf Rag and Main Street Electrical Parade is heard as Old Glory is projected onto Sleeping Beauty Castle. Maple Leaf Rag by Scott Joplin Baroque Hoedown written by Jean-Jacques Perrey and Gershon Kingsley Main Street Electrical Parade arranged by Don Dorsey and Jack Wagner, and Gregory Smith. Jack Wagner as the synthesized voice and the railroad announcer Music from Walt Disneys Enchanted Tiki Room. During the Indiana Jones segment, the eye of Mara is projected onto the Matterhorn, also, six jets of fire shoot from the sides of the castle during the segment. The Tiki Tiki Tiki Room Raiders March Wally Boag as José Fulton Burley as Michael Ernie Newton as Pierre Thurl Ravenscroft as Fritz Bob Joles as Sallah, plays music from The Haunted Mansion and Pirates of the Caribbean. During the Pirates of the Caribbean segment, a skull is projected onto the Matterhorn as flare fireworks are launched from the mountains peak, there is a cannon fight of diagonal fireworks between Fantasyland and Adventureland. Music and sounds from various rides in Critter Country, Fantasyland, plays sound effects, narration, and music from Space Mountain, Submarine Voyage, Adventure Thru Inner Space and Star Tours. She tells the audience that Disneyland has grown to become the Happiest Place on Earth, the song wishes plays and Tinker Bell comes back for a return flight
16.
Once Upon a Dream (Sleeping Beauty song)
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Once Upon a Dream is a song written in 1959 for the animated musical fantasy film Sleeping Beauty produced by Walt Disney. It is based on Tchaikovskys ballet of the name, more specifically the piece Grande valse villageoise. It is the theme of Princess Aurora and Prince Philip and was performed by a chorus as an overture, mary Costa and Bill Shirley, who were cast in the roles of Princess Aurora and Prince Philip, performed the song as a duet. Lana Del Rey covered it in a somber and sinister mood for the 2014 film Maleficent, once Upon a Dream was covered by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey for the dark fantasy film Maleficent, which serves as a prequel to and re-imagining of the original Sleeping Beauty. The song was released on January 26,2014, it was available as a free digital download during its first week of availability by the Google Play Store. On February 4, the download was made available for purchase. The cover received positive reception. Forbes called the cover moody and low-key while Stereogum described it as swoony, complex remarked that Del Reys cover had a somber and sinister feel in comparison to the original. Disney Sing-Along on YouTube Full lyrics of the Lana Del Rey version of the song
17.
Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)
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Sleeping Beauty is an American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney based on The Sleeping Beauty by Charles Perrault. The 16th Disney animated feature film, it was released to theaters on January 29,1959 and it features the voices of Mary Costa, Eleanor Audley, Verna Felton, Barbara Luddy, Barbara Jo Allen, Bill Shirley, Taylor Holmes, and Bill Thompson. Along with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Igor Stravinskys music composition was also popular in the film, however, unlike the previous feature-films, this was the first Disney feature-film that did not have the same background animation material, but instead with new background animation material. The film was presented in Super Technirama 70 and 6-channel stereophonic sound in first-run engagements, after many childless years, King Stefan and Queen Leah happily welcome the birth of their daughter, the Princess Aurora. Among the guests are three good fairies called Flora, Fauna, and Merryweather, who have come to bless the child with gifts, beauty, before Merryweather is able to give her blessing, the evil fairy Maleficent appears, only to be told she was unwanted. King Stefan and Queen Leah are horrified and beg the three good fairies to break the cure, King Stefan, still fearful for his daughters life, orders all spinning wheels in the kingdom to be burned. The fairies do not believe that will be enough to keep Aurora safe, years later, Aurora, renamed Briar Rose, has grown into a beautiful teenage girl. On the day of her birthday, the three fairies ask Rose to gather berries in the forest so they can prepare a surprise party for her. Rose is friends with the animals of the forest and sings them a song, while singing in the forest, Rose attracts the attention of Prince Phillip, now a handsome young man. He races to find the owner of the voice and is instantly struck by Roses grace. Rose at first is frightened at the appearance of the stranger. They instantly fall in love, unaware of being betrothed years ago, Rose asks Phillip to come to her cottage that evening. While she is out, Flora and Merryweather argue about the color of Auroras ballgown and they fight, attracting the attention of Maleficents raven and revealing the location of Aurora. Back at home, the fairies tell Aurora the truth about her heritage, meanwhile, Phillip tells his father of a peasant girl he met and wishes to marry in spite of his prearranged marriage to Princess Aurora. King Hubert fails to convince him otherwise, leaving Hubert in equal disappointment, the fairies take Aurora back to the castle. Maleficent then appears and magically lures Aurora away from the fairies, Aurora pricks her finger, completing the curse. From King Huberts conversation with King Stefan, the fairies realize that Prince Phillip is the man with whom Aurora has fallen in love, however, he is kidnapped by Maleficent. She shows Phillip the peasant girl he fell in love with is the now-sleeping princess
18.
Hollywood
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Hollywood is an ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U. S. film industry, including several of its studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry. Hollywood was a community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903. It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, in 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished, the area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the Father of Hollywood, along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood. The man got out of the wagon and bowed, the Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, I holly-wood, meaning hauling wood. H. J. Whitley had an epiphany and decided to name his new town Hollywood, Holly would represent England and wood would represent his Scottish heritage. Whitley had already started over 100 towns across the western United States, Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre E. C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date, before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Hurds wife, eastern adjacent ranch co-owner Daeida Wilcox, and others. Daeida Wilcox may have learned of the name Hollywood from Ivar Weid, her neighbor in Holly Canyon and she recommended the same name to her husband, Harvey. In August 1887, Wilcox filed with the Los Angeles County Recorders office a deed and parcel map of property he had sold named Hollywood, Wilcox wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth. By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479 lay 10 miles east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent, the old citrus fruit-packing house was converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood. The Hollywood Hotel was opened in 1902 by H. J. Whitley who was a president of the Los Pacific Boulevard, having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, the hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years. Whitleys company developed and sold one of the residential areas
19.
RCA Records
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RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. It is one of SMEs three flagship labels, alongside Columbia Records and Epic Records. The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, R&B, blues, jazz, the companys name is derived from the initials of the labels former parent company, the Radio Corporation of America. It is the second oldest recording company in US history, after sister label Columbia Records, RCAs Canadian unit is Sonys oldest label in Canada. It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression, kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Miley Cyrus, Giorgio Moroder, Jennifer Hudson, DAngelo, Pink, Tinashe, G-Eazy, Pitbull, Zayn and Wizkid. In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the worlds largest manufacturer of phonographs and phonograph records. The company then became RCA Victor but retained use of the Victor Records name on their labels until the beginning of 1946 when the labels were finally switched over to RCA Victor. With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper His Masters Voice trademark, in Shanghai, China, in 1931, RCA Victors British affiliate the Gramophone Company merged with the Columbia Graphophone Company to form EMI. This gave RCA head David Sarnoff a seat on the EMI board, in September 1931, RCA Victor introduced the first 33⅓ rpm records sold to the public, calling them Program Transcriptions. In the depths of the Great Depression, the format was a commercial failure, during the early part of the depression, RCA made a number of attempts to produce a successful cheap label to compete with the dime store labels. The first was the short-lived Timely Tunes label in 1931 sold at Montgomery Ward, in 1932, Bluebird Records was created as a sub-label of RCA Victor. It was originally an 8-inch record with a blue label. In 1933, RCA reintroduced Bluebird and Electradisk as a standard 10-inch label, another cheap label, Sunrise, was produced. The same musical couplings were issued on all three labels and Bluebird Records still survives eight decades after Electradisk and Sunrise were discontinued, RCA also produced records for Montgomery Ward label during the 1930s. Besides manufacturing records for themselves, RCA Victor operated RCA Custom which was the leading record manufacturer for independent record labels, RCA Custom also pressed record compilations for The Readers Digest Association. RCA sold its interest in EMI in 1935, but EMI continued to distribute RCA recordings in the UK, RCA also manufactured and distributed HMV classical recordings on the RCA and HMV labels in North America. During World War II, ties between RCA and its Japanese affiliate JVC were severed, the Japanese record company is today called Victor Entertainment and is still a JVC subsidiary. From 1942 to 1944, RCA Victor was seriously impacted by the American Federation of Musicians recording ban, virtually all union musicians could not make recordings during that period
20.
EMI
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EMI was a British multinational conglomerate founded in March 1931 and was based in London. At the time of its break-up in 2012, it was the fourth-largest business group and its EMI Records Ltd. group of record labels included EMI Records, Parlophone, Virgin Records and Capitol Records. EMI also had a publishing arm, EMI Music Publishing—also based in London with offices globally. The company was once a constituent of the FTSE100 Index, other members of the Sony consortium include the Estate of Michael Jackson, The Blackstone Group, and Abu Dhabi–owned investment fund Mubadala Development Company. The new vertically integrated company produced sound recordings as well as recording, the companys gramophone manufacturing led to forty years of success with larger-scale electronics and electrical engineering. He was killed in 1942 whilst conducting flight trials on an experimental H2S radar set, post-war, the company resumed its involvement in making broadcasting equipment, notably providing the BBCs second television transmitter at Sutton Coldfield. It also manufactured broadcast television cameras for British television production companies as well as for the BBC, the commercial television ITV companies also used them alongside cameras made by Pye and Marconi. Exports of this piece of equipment were low, however, the company was also for many years an internationally respected manufacturer of photomultipliers. This part of the business was transferred to Thorn as part of Thorn-EMI, in 1958 the EMIDEC1100, the UKs first commercially available all-transistor computer, was developed at Hayes under the leadership of Godfrey Hounsfield, an electrical engineer at EMI. In 1973 EMI was awarded a prestigious Queens Award for Technological Innovation for what was called the EMI scanner. After brief, but brilliant, success in the imaging field, EMIs manufacturing activities were sold off to other companies. Subsequently, development and manufacturing activities were sold off to companies and work moved to other towns such as Crawley. Emihus Electronics, based in Glenrothes, Scotland, was owned 51% by Hughes Aircraft, of California, US and it manufactured integrated circuits electrolytic capacitors and, for a short period in the mid-1970s, hand-held calculators under the Gemini name. Early in its life, the Gramophone Company established subsidiary operations in a number of countries in the British Commonwealth, including India, Australia. Over 150,000 78-rpm recordings from around the world are held in EMIs temperature-controlled archive in Hayes, in 1931, the year the company was formed, it opened the legendary recording studios at Abbey Road, London. During the 1930s and 1940s, its roster of artists included Arturo Toscanini, Sir Edward Elgar, during this time EMI appointed its first A&R managers. These included George Martin, who brought the Beatles into the EMI fold. When the Gramophone Company merged with the Columbia Graphophone Company in 1931, at this point RCA had a majority shareholding in the new company, giving RCA chair David Sarnoff a seat on the EMI board
21.
His Master's Voice
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His Masters Voice, abbreviated HMV, is a famous trademark in the music and recording industry and was for many years the unofficial name of a large British record label. The name was coined in the 1890s as the title of a painting of a dog named Nipper, in the original painting, the dog was listening to a cylinder phonograph. The trademark image comes from a painting by English artist Francis Barraud and it was acquired from the artist in 1899 by the newly formed Gramophone Company and adopted by the Victor Talking Machine Company in the United States. According to contemporary Gramophone Company publicity material, the dog, a terrier named Nipper, had belonged to Barrauds brother. When Mark Barraud died, Francis inherited Nipper, with a cylinder phonograph, Francis noted the peculiar interest that the dog took in the recorded voice of his late master emanating from the horn, and conceived the idea of committing the scene to canvas. In early 1899, Francis Barraud applied for copyright of the painting using the descriptive working title Dog looking at. The image was first used on the companys catalogue dated December 1899, Victor used the image more aggressively than its UK partner, and from 1902 most Victor records had a simplified drawing of Barrauds dog-and-gramophone image on their labels. Magazine advertisements urged record buyers to look for the dog, in British Commonwealth countries, the Gramophone Company did not use the dog on its record labels until 1909. The following year the Gramophone Company replaced the Recording Angel trademark in the half of the record labels with the Nipper logo. The company was not formally called HMV or His Masters Voice, Records issued by the company before February 1908 were generally referred to as G&Ts, while those after that date are usually called HMV records. This image continued to be used as a trademark by Victor in the U. S. Canada, and Latin America, and then by Victors successor, in Commonwealth countries it was used by subsidiaries of the Gramophone Company, which ultimately became part of EMI. The trademarks ownership is divided among different companies in different countries, the name HMV is used by a chain of music shops owned by HMV, mainly in the UK, Ireland, Canada, Singapore, Australia, Hong Kong, and Japan. In 1921 the Gramophone Company opened the first HMV shop in London, in 1929 RCA absorbed Victor, and with it a major shareholding in the Gramophone Company, which Victor had owned since 1920. In 1931 RCA was instrumental in the creation of EMI, which continued to own the His Masters Voice name, in 1935 RCA sold its stake in EMI but continued to own Victor and the rights to His Masters Voice in the Americas. HMV continued to distribute RCA recordings until RCA severed its ties with EMI in 1957, RCA Victors Japanese subsidiary, the Victor Company of Japan, became independent, and today they still use the Victor brand and Nipper in Japan only. In 1968, RCA introduced a logo and restricted the use of Nipper to the album covers of Red Seal Records. The trademark was reinstated to most RCA record labels in the Western Hemisphere beginning in late 1976 and was again widely used in RCA advertising throughout the late 1970s and 1980s. The dog reappeared for a time on RCA television sets and was used on the RCA CED videodisc system
22.
Nikki Blonsky
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Nicole Margaret Nikki Blonsky is an American actress, singer, and dancer. She is best known for her role as Tracy Turnblad in the 2007 film Hairspray and she is also known for her starring role in the ABC Family original series Huge. Blonsky was born and raised in Great Neck, New York and she and her brother Joey are the children of Karen, a school aide, and Carl Blonsky, a municipal worker for the village water pollution control district. She is of Czech and Irish descent on her mothers side and she began singing at age three and started taking vocal lessons at the age of eight. Blonsky attended Great Neck North Middle School, and attended John L. Miller Great Neck North High School for one year, then she switched to Village School, an alternative high school with only 50 students. After school each day, she would attend the theatre program at William A. Shine Great Neck South High School, where she participated in productions of Les Misérables, Sweeney Todd, Kiss Me, Kate, Blonsky said that she yearned to play the role of Tracy Turnblad since seeing Hairspray on Broadway on her 15th birthday. In 2006, while working at Cold Stone Creamery, she found out she had been cast in Adam Shankmans 2007 film adaptation, Blonsky began work on her debut album in September 2007 and collaborated with alternative rock musician Duncan Sheik on a number of tracks. Her first single, On a High, a cover of one of Sheiks songs, was featured in Blonskys Lifetime Original Movie Queen Sized, on December 18,2007, she performed with the Turtle Creek Chorale in her first solo performance. On June 22,2008, she sang the American National Anthem in the ceremony at the 2008 Toyota/Save Mart 350 at Infineon Raceway. In 2009, Blonsky made a guest appearance on Ugly Betty, Blonsky also co-starred in the MTV mystery series Valemont in 2009. She later starred in the short lived ABC Family series Huge, which premiered in June 2010, in 2013, Blonsky appeared in two episodes of the NBC Broadway drama series Smash. Later that year, she appeared in the adaptation of Geography Club. Golden, Blonsky, and Blonskys father were all charged with assault and that December, the charges against Blonsky and Golden were dropped. In 2011, Blonsky earned a license, and began working part-time as a hairstylist and make-up artist in her hometown of Great Neck
23.
Michael Bolton
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Michael Bolotin, known professionally as Michael Bolton, is an American singer and songwriter. Bolton originally performed in the rock and heavy metal genres from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. He became better known for his series of pop rock ballads, Bolton was born Michael Bolotin in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of Helen and George Bolotin. He has a brother, Orrin, and a sister, Sandra and his family was Jewish, and all of his grandparents had been immigrants from Russia. His parents were divorced when he was very young and this first album was self-titled using his original family name of Bolotin. Early in his career he focused on hard rock, with his band Blackjack once opening for heavy metal artist Ozzy Osbourne on tour. Indeed, in 1983, Bolton auditioned for, but was denied, narrowly missing the Top 10 on the US pop chart, Branigan took the song to number one on the Adult Contemporary chart for three weeks in 1983. The two sought to work each other again, and their next collaboration was when Bolton co-wrote I Found Someone for Branigan in 1985. Her version was only a hit, but two years later, Cher resurrected the song, and with it her own singing career. Bolton co-wrote several other songs for both singers, Bolton would achieve his greatest success in the late 1980s and early 1990s as a singer on the adult contemporary/easy listening charts. One of his first major hits was his 1987 interpretation of the Otis Redding classic the Dock of the Bay, reddings widow, Zelma Redding, said she was so moved by Boltons performance that it brought tears to my eyes. It reminded me so much of my husband that I know if he heard it, always interested in soul and Motown classics, Boltons success with that song encouraged him to tackle the standard Georgia on My Mind, with which he had another hit. In 1991, Bolton released the album Time, Love & Tenderness which featured his Grammy Award-winning cover version of When a Man Loves a Woman, as a songwriter, he has written and collaborated on several songs for other artists as well. Boltons last Top 40 single in the US in his own right was the 1997 hit Go the Distance and he hired conductor Larry Baird for his 2001 tour. In 2006, Bolton and his then fiancee Nicollette Sheridan sang a duet, The Second Time Around, in March 2007, Bolton toured South Africa for the first time. He was the act at Jacaranda 94.2 FMs two-day concert. For Over the Rainbow, an album which was recorded in five days, Bolton recorded the song New York, New York and this was for an episode of the TV series, Challenge Anneka. The proceeds from the album went to childrens hospices across the UK, Bolton performed a duet entitled Il Mio Amico with the Italian singer Anna Tatangelo at the Sanremo Music Festival 2008
24.
Ashley Brown
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Ashley Brown is an actress who is best known for playing the title character in the United States national tour and Broadway productions of Mary Poppins. Brown was born February 3,1982 in Pensacola, Florida and she started singing when she was 6 years old and then started professional singing lessons when she was 14. She studied at Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music, Brown initially caught the attention of casting director Tara Rubin not long after graduating from the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music. After a successful audition, she was cast in the Disney touring production On the Record and this in turn led to her Broadway debut on September 20,2005 replacing Brooke Tansley as the lead character, Belle, in the Walt Disney Theatrical production of Beauty and the Beast. She departed the role on May 28,2006, after eight months, on November 16,2006, Mary Poppins opened on Broadway with Brown starring as the title character. Brown left the Broadway Company on October 5,2008 after playing the role for two years and was replaced by Scarlett Strallen who previously played the role in the West End, in March 2007, Brown appeared on All My Children as herself. On March 11,2009, Brown reprised the role of Mary Poppins in the US National Tour and she left the tour on February 7,2010, and was succeeded by Caroline Sheen. On October 20,2009, Brown performed the role of Snow White in the world premiere of Snow White. She has recorded her first solo album of American songbook standards, Brown played Maria in The Muny production of The Sound of Music, which ran from July 26 - August 1,2010. For this role she won the Kevin Kline Award for Outstanding Actress in a Musical, Brown starred as Oona in the world-premiere of the new musical Limelight, The Story of Charlie Chaplin, which ran at the La Jolla Playhouse from September 7 through October 17,2010. Brown played the role of Mary Poppins again in the Broadway production from March 8 - July 17,2011 while Laura Michelle Kelly was away filming a movie. It is due to be broadcast on NPR stations on June 16,2012, in 2013, she had a minor role in the television broadcast The Sound of Music Live. in which she played Ursula, one of the servants in the Von Trapp household. In 2015, she sing of Kiss Goodnight from Disneyland Forever, Brown played the Mother Abbess in the national tour of The Sound of Music, which launched September 2015. Brown became engaged to actor Daniel Wisler on April 18,2010, in December 2015 Brown announced she and Wisler is expecting a baby girl in May. Brown gave birth to a girl named Emaline Rose Wisler on May 9,2016. Official website Ashley Brown at the Internet Broadway Database Star File, Ashley Brown Q&A, Ashley Brown
25.
Perry Como
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Pierino Ronald Perry Como was an American singer and television personality. During a career spanning more than half a century, he recorded exclusively for RCA Victor for 44 years after signing with the label in 1943, Mr. C. as he was nicknamed, sold millions of records for RCA and pioneered a musical variety television show. Como was seen weekly on television from 1949 to 1963, then continued hosting the Kraft Music Hall variety program monthly until 1967 and his television shows and seasonal specials were broadcast throughout the world. Also a popular recording artist, Perry Como released numerous hit records from the 1940s through the 1970s, Comos appeal spanned generations and he was universally respected for both his professional standards and the conduct in his personal life. Como was born in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania and he was the seventh of ten children and the first American-born child of Pietro Como and Lucia Travaglini, who both emigrated to the US in 1910 from the Abruzzese town of Palena, Italy. He did not begin speaking English until he entered school, since the Comos spoke Italian at home. The family had a second-hand organ his father had bought for $3, as soon as Como was able to toddle, he would head to the instrument, pump the bellows, and play music he had heard by ear. Pietro, a hand and an amateur baritone, had all his children attend music lessons even if he could barely afford them. He showed more talent in his teenage years as a trombone player in the towns brass band, playing guitar, singing at weddings. Como was a member of the Canonsburg Italian Band along with the father of singer Bobby Vinton, bandleader Stan Vinton, young Como started helping his family at age 10, working before and after school in Steve Fragapanes barber shop for 50¢ a week. By age 13, he had graduated to having his own chair in the Fragapane barber shop and it was also around this time that young Como lost his weeks wages in a dice game. Filled with shame, he locked himself in his room and did not come out until hunger got the better of him and he managed to tell his father what had happened to the money his family depended on. His father told him he was entitled to make a mistake, when Perry was 14, his father became unable to work because of a severe heart condition. Como and his brothers became the support of the household, despite his musical ability, Comos primary ambition was to become the best barber in Canonsburg. Practicing on his father, young Como mastered the skills well enough to have his own shop at age 14. One of Comos regular customers at the shop owned a Greek coffee house that included a barber shop area. Como had so much work after moving to the coffee house and his customers worked mainly at the nearby steel mills. They were well-paid, did not mind spending money on themselves, Perry did especially well when one of his customers would marry
26.
Hilary Duff
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Hilary Erhard Duff is an American actress and singer. Duff began her career at a young age, and quickly became labeled a teen idol as the title character of the Disney Channel comedy series Lizzie McGuire. The series proved to be a hit, leading to an adaptation of the series to be released. Duff began working on projects with the Disney Channel, including the film Cadet Kelly. She later began work on an album, releasing the Christmas themed Santa Claus Lane through Walt Disney Records, upon signing with Hollywood Records, Duff began working on her second studio album, Metamorphosis. The album achieved critical and commercial success, topping the Billboard 200, the album also found success in both Canada and Japan. Duffs success in acting and music led to her becoming a household name, with merchandise such as dolls, clothing. Duff began to expand her career into theatrical films, with leading roles in such as Agent Cody Banks, Cheaper by the Dozen, A Cinderella Story. She continued to have success in music, with her albums Hilary Duff, following the release of her fourth studio album, Dignity, Duff released a greatest hits album and parted ways with Hollywood Records. During this time, she began appearing in independent films such as War and she later released the novel Elixir, which became a New York Times best seller. The book was followed by the sequels Devoted and True and she currently stars in the comedy-drama series Younger as Kelsey Peters. She returned to music in 2014, and signed with RCA Records for her studio album Breathe In. Duff has worked with charities and organizations throughout her career. Duff has received media attention since the beginning of her career, most notably for her romantic relationships, friendships. Her romances with Aaron Carter and Joel Madden were often reported in the media, in 2010, she married former professional hockey player Mike Comrie, with whom she has a son. The two of them finalized their divorce six years later and she has been described by later Disney actresses as an inspiration, with artists such as Miley Cyrus and Selena Gomez claiming they looked up to Duff and emulated her career. Duff has sold an estimated 15 million records since her debut in 2002, Duff was born on September 28,1987, in Houston, Texas. Her parents are Robert Erhard Duff, a partner in a chain of stores, and Susan Colleen
27.
Eden Espinosa
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Eden Erica Espinosa is an American singer and stage actress who is best known for her performances as Elphaba for the Broadway, Los Angeles, and San Francisco productions of the musical Wicked. Of Mexican descent, Eden Espinosa began singing at the age of three, performing at age five, and recording at the age of ten, at Canyon High School, she played the role of Maria in West Side Story. After graduating, Espinosa worked at local parks such as Disneyland. She was also part of the performing group The Young Americans. Espinosa made her Broadway debut as a member of the Original Broadway Cast of Stephen Schwartzs musical Wicked and she started the production as standby for Idina Menzel in the lead role of Elphaba. She was also an understudy for the role of Nessarose, Espinosa performed the lead role of Elphaba for a month continuously during the Summer of 2004, while Menzel was filming Ask the Dust. When going on for Elphaba, Espinosa performed alongside opposite Kristin Chenoweth, Espinosa left Wicked on September 5,2004, to originate the lead for the Broadway debut of Brooklyn. Following the closing of Brooklyn The Musical, Espinosa performed the role of Elphaba for the Wicked First National Tour during the entire San Francisco run from August 5 to September 11,2005. She replaced Stephanie J. Block while she recovered from an injury, Espinosa performed for the Wicked celebration of its 1, 000th performance on Broadway, on March 21,2006. Espinosa played opposite both Megan Hilty and Kate Reinders as Glinda on Broadway and she left the Broadway production on October 8,2006, and was replaced by Ana Gasteyer. Espinosa received the 2006 Broadway. com Audience Award for Favorite Female Replacement, Espinosa was chosen to originate the role of Elphaba for the third U. S. production of Wicked in Los Angeles, which opened on February 21,2007 at the Pantages Theatre. She opened the show with former Broadway co-star Megan Hilty as Glinda and she received broad critical acclaim for the role. Espinosa left the Los Angeles company on December 30,2007 and was replaced by Caissie Levy, Wicked Los Angeles was one of the most financially successful musicals in Los Angeles theatre history. On March 2,2010, Espinosa took over the role of Elphaba from Teal Wicks for the San Francisco production of Wicked and she performed opposite Kendra Kassebaum as Glinda, whom she had previously performed with on the Wicked First National Tour when it stopped in San Francisco. Espinosa left on June 26,2010 and was replaced by Marcie Dodd, Espinosa originated and workshopped the title role in Brooklyn The Musical over the course of two years. Its world premiere was on April 30,2003 and it ran until June 15,2003 at the Denver Civic Center and she stayed for the entire Broadway run till it closed on June 26,2005, it played 27 previews and 284 regular performances. Espinosa was nominated for a 2005 Drama League Award for Distinguished Performance for her performance, Espinosa is featured on the original Broadway cast recording of Brooklyn the Musical. On May 30th,2008, Espinosa replaced Nicolette Hart as Maureen Johnson in the closing cast of the original Broadway production of Rent at the Nederlander Theatre
28.
Kimberley Locke
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Kimberley Dawn Locke is an American singer, songwriter and model. She has recorded in the dance and pop genres, and has targeted the adult contemporary radio format, Locke gained fame with her participation in the 2003 American Idol television series in which she placed third. In 2007 she garnered attention for her participation in Celebrity Fit Club. Locke was born in Hartsville, Tennessee, to Donald and Christine Locke and she and her brother spent most of their life in Gallatin. At age five, Locke began singing in church and her parents divorced when she was eight years old. Locke grew up admiring such singers as Janet Jackson, Whitney Houston, Patti LaBelle and she and childhood friends Chandra Boone, Selina Robb, and Nacole Rice formed a quartet as teens named Shadz of U, which performed at many local churches. The group later appeared on Lockes 2007 Based on a True Story album, Locke went to Gallatin High School, where she was one of sixteen members to participate in its performing group. She remained in the group throughout her school years. She was also selected twice as a member of the All-Middle State Chorus, after graduating, she began to work for a company in Nashville as an administrative assistant. Like 2007 American Idol finalist Melinda Doolittle, Locke is an alumna of Belmont University in Nashville, on October 30,2002, the reality TV singing competition American Idol held auditions in Nashville, Tennessee for the shows second season. Locke successfully passed through to the round, and in December was chosen to perform on the show. She finished third, behind winner Ruben Studdard and runnerup Clay Aiken and she has since been invited back to the show to perform twice. Locke went on to sign a deal with Curb Records on September 6,2003. Her debut album, One Love, was released May 4,2004, debut single 8th World Wonder reached the top half of the Billboard Hot 100 and was successful on other charts, and entered the UK charts. Wrong and I Could followed as singles, Locke released her version of Up on the House Top in the autumn of 2005 and by the end of year, it had reached the top spot of the Adult Contemporary charts. The following year, Lockes version of Jingle Bells was released and topped the same charts, a full Christmas album entitled Christmas — only available digitally — was released on November 6,2007. Lockes second album, Based on a True Story, was released on May 1,2007, the albums original lead single, Supawoman, co-written with her producers Damon Sharpe and Mark J. Feist, was released to radio on August 7,2006. Change, was released to radio on January 15,2007, the albums next single was a cover of Freda Paynes Band of Gold, which was released to radio on August 13,2007, and became Lockes sixth solo A/C Top 10 hit
29.
Johnny Mathis
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John Royce Johnny Mathis is an American singer of popular music and jazz. Mathis has sold well over 100 million records worldwide, according to Guinness Book of British Hit Singles writer and charts music historian Paul Gambaccini, Mathis also recorded six albums of Christmas music. In a 1968 interview, Mathis cited Lena Horne, Nat King Cole, Mathis was born in Gilmer, Texas, United States, in 1935, the fourth of seven children of Clem Mathis and Mildred Boyd. The family moved to San Francisco, California, settling on 32nd Avenue in the Richmond District and his father had worked in vaudeville, and when he saw his sons talent, he bought an old upright piano for $25 and encouraged him. Mathis began learning songs and routines from his father and his first song was My Blue Heaven. Mathis started singing and dancing for visitors at home, at school, when he was 13, voice teacher Connie Cox accepted him as her student in exchange for work around her house. Mathis studied with Cox for six years, learning scales and exercises, voice production, classical. He is one of the few popular singers who received years of professional voice training that included opera. The first band he sang with was formed by his school friend Merl Saunders. Mathis eulogized him at his funeral in 2008, thanking him for giving him his first chance as a singer, Mathis was a star athlete at George Washington High School in San Francisco. He was a jumper and hurdler, and he played on the basketball team. In 1954, he enrolled at San Francisco State University on a scholarship, intending to become an English teacher. In San Francisco while singing at a Sunday afternoon jam session with a jazz sextet at the Black Hawk Club, Mathis attracted the attention of the clubs co-founder. After repeated calls, Noga finally persuaded Avakian to come hear Mathis at the 440 Club, after hearing Mathis sing, Avakian sent his record company a telegram stating, Have found phenomenal 19-year-old boy who could go all the way. At San Francisco State, Mathis had become noteworthy as a jumper, and in 1956 he was asked to try out for the U. S. Olympic Team that would travel to Melbourne, Australia. Mathis had to decide whether to go to the Olympic trials or to keep his appointment in New York City to make his first recordings, on his fathers advice, Mathis opted to embark on a professional singing career. His LP record album was released in late 1956 instead of waiting until the first quarter of 1957, Mathiss first record album, Johnny Mathis, A New Sound In Popular Song, was a slow-selling jazz album, but Mathis stayed in New York City to sing in nightclubs. His second album was produced by Columbia Records vice-president and record producer Mitch Miller, Miller preferred that Mathis sing soft, romantic ballads, pairing him up with conductor and music arranger Ray Conniff, and later, Ray Ellis, Glenn Osser, and Robert Mersey
30.
Cher
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Cher is an American singer and actress. Commonly referred to as the Goddess of Pop, she is described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry. Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song I Got You Babe reached number one on the American and she began her solo career simultaneously, releasing in 1966 her first million-seller song, Bang Bang. She became a personality in the 1970s with her shows The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, watched by over 30 million viewers weekly during its three-year run. She emerged as a trendsetter by wearing elaborate outfits on her television shows. While working on television, she established herself as a solo artist with the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves, Half-Breed, and Dark Lady. After her divorce from Sonny Bono in 1975, Cher launched a comeback in 1979 with the disco-oriented album Take Me Home and earned $300,000 a week for her 1980–82 residency show in Las Vegas. In 1982, Cher made her Broadway debut in the play Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean and starred in the film adaptation of the same title. She subsequently earned critical acclaim for her performances in such as Silkwood, Mask. She then revived her career by recording the rock-inflected albums Cher, Heart of Stone. She reached a new peak in 1998 with the album Believe. It also features the use of Auto-Tune, also known as the Cher effect. Her 2002–2005 Living Proof, The Farewell Tour became one of the concert tours of all time. In 2008, she signed a $180 million deal to headline the Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas for three years, after seven years of absence, she returned to film in the 2010 musical Burlesque. Chers first studio album in 12 years, Closer to the Truth, Cher has won a Grammy Award, an Emmy Award, an Academy Award, three Golden Globe Awards, a Cannes Film Festival Award, and a special CFDA Fashion Award, among several other honors. Throughout her career, she has sold 100 million records worldwide and she is the only artist to date to have a number-one single on a Billboard chart in each decade from the 1960s to the 2010s. Outside of her music and acting, she is noted for her views, philanthropic endeavors and social activism, including LGBT rights. Cher was born Cherilyn Sarkisian in El Centro, California, on May 20,1946, Chers father was rarely home when she was an infant, and her parents divorced when Cher was ten months old
31.
Bette Midler
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Bette Midler is an American singer, songwriter, actress, comedian, and film producer. Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, Midler began her career in several Off-Off-Broadway plays, prior to her engagements in Fiddler on the Roof. She came to prominence in 1970 when she began singing in the Continental Baths, since 1970, Midler has released 14 studio albums as a solo artist. In 2008, she signed a contract with Caesars Palace in Las Vegas to perform a series of shows titled Bette Midler, The Showgirl Must Go On, Midler made her motion picture debut in 1979 with The Rose, which earned her a Golden Globe for Best Actress. In the following years, she starred in a string of hit films, including, Down and Out in Beverly Hills, Outrageous Fortune, Beaches, The First Wives Club, and The Stepford Wives. She starred in For the Boys and Gypsy, and won two additional Golden Globe awards for these films, in a career spanning almost half a century, Midler has won three Grammy Awards, four Golden Globes, three Emmy Awards, and a special Tony Award. She has sold over 35 million records worldwide, and has received four Gold, Midler is currently appearing on Broadway in a revival of Hello, Dolly. which began preview performances on March 15,2017, and will premiere at the Shubert Theatre on April 20th. It is her first leading role in a Broadway musical, Midler was born in Honolulu, where her family was one of the few Jewish families in a mostly Asian neighborhood. Her mother, Ruth, was a seamstress and housewife, and her father, Fred Midler, worked at a Navy base in Hawaii as a painter, and was also a housepainter. She was named after actress Bette Davis, though Davis pronounced her first name in two syllables, and Midler uses one, /ˈbɛt/ and she was raised in Aiea and attended Radford High School, in Honolulu. She was voted Most Talkative in the 1961 school Hoss Election, Midler majored in drama at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, and was a sister of Delta Phi Epsilon international sorority, but left after three semesters. She earned money in the 1966 film Hawaii as an extra, Midler married artist Martin von Haselberg on December 16,1984, about six weeks after their first meeting. Their daughter, Sophie von Haselberg, who is also an actress, was born on November 14,1986, Midler relocated to New York City in the summer of 1965, using money from her work in the film Hawaii. She landed her first professional role in Tom Eyens Off-Off-Broadway plays in 1965, Miss Nefertiti Regrets and Cinderella Revisited, a childrens play by day. From 1966 to 1969, she played the role of Tzeitel in Fiddler on the Roof on Broadway, after Fiddler, she joined the original cast of Salvation in 1969. She began singing in the Continental Baths, a gay bathhouse in the Ansonia Hotel, during this time, she became close to her piano accompanist, Barry Manilow, who produced her first album in 1972, The Divine Miss M. It was during her time at the Continental Baths that she built up a core following. In the late 1990s, during the release of her album Bathhouse Betty, Midler commented on her time performing there, Despite the way turned out
32.
Linda Ronstadt
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Linda Maria Ronstadt is an American popular music singer. She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award and she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014. On July 28,2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts, in total, she has released over 30 studio albums and 15 compilation or greatest hits albums. Ronstadt charted 38 Billboard Hot 100 singles, with 21 reaching the top 40,10 in the top 10 and this success did not translate to the UK, with only her single Blue Bayou reaching the UK Top 40. Her duet with Aaron Neville, Dont Know Much, peaked at number 2 in December 1989, in addition, she has charted 36 albums,10 top-10 albums and three number 1 albums on the Billboard Pop Album Chart. Her autobiography, Simple Dreams, A Musical Memoir, was published in September 2013 and it debuted in the Top 10 on The New York Times Best Seller list. She has lent her voice to over 120 albums and has more than 100 million records. Christopher Loudon, of Jazz Times, wrote in 2004 that Ronstadt is blessed with arguably the most sterling set of pipes of her generation, after completing her last live concert in late 2009, Ronstadt retired in 2011. She was diagnosed as having Parkinsons disease in December 2012, which left her unable to sing. Linda Maria Ronstadt was born in 1946 in Tucson, Arizona, daughter to Gilbert Ronstadt, a prosperous merchant who ran the F. Ronstadt Co. and Ruth Mary Ronstadt. Ronstadt was raised on the familys 10-acre ranch with her siblings Peter, Michael J. the family was featured in Family Circle magazine in 1953. Lindas father came from a pioneering Arizona ranching family and was of German, English, the familys influence on and contributions to Arizonas history, including wagon making, commerce, pharmacies, and music, are chronicled in the library of the University of Arizona. Her mother Ruth Mary, of German, English, and Dutch ancestry, was raised in Flint and she was a daughter of Lloyd Groff Copeman, a prolific inventor and holder of many patents. Copeman, with nearly 700 patents to his name, invented a form of the toaster, many refrigerator devices, the grease gun, the first electric stove. His flexible rubber ice cube tray earned him millions of dollars in royalties, later, as a solo artist, she released Hand Sown. Home Grown in 1969, which has described as the first alternative country record by a female recording artist. With the release of chart-topping albums such as Heart Like a Wheel, Simple Dreams and she set records as one of the top-grossing concert artists of the decade. Referred to as the First Lady of Rock and the Queen of Rock and her rock-and-roll image was as famous as her music, she appeared six times on the cover of Rolling Stone and on the covers of Newsweek and Time
33.
Shakey Graves
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Shakey Graves is an Americana musician from Austin, Texas, United States. His music is a cross between blues, folk and rock and roll – he performs at many festivals and concert venues around the United States. Alejandro Rose-Garcia received his stage name at Old Settlers Music Festival in 2007 after he. After an inspired night of playing music, he decided to keep the name, Shakey Graves became known for his one-man band set up and most of his debut album Roll the Bones is Rose-Garcia playing unaccompanied by other musicians. When he began working on his album, And the War Came, Rose-Garcia added musicians to his recording process. Three songs from And the War Came are duets with ex-Paper Bird member Esme Patterson, the album was produced, engineered and mixed by Chris Boosahda. Boosahda also contributes drums, vocals, percussion and music for the song Big Time Nashville Star to the ATWC album. Patrick OConnor, from the LA music scene, plays guitar and bass at live shows as the project and tours have moved forward as a revolving duo. Shakey Graves made his debut on October 14,2014 with Boosahda, Patterson. Almost exactly 4 months later, the quartet appeared on the Late Show with David Letterman. Following Letterman the trio of Rose-Garcia, Boosahda and OConnor performed their next single The Perfect Parts, on May 6,2015 the same trio performed on the legendary Austin City Limits TV show/taping for a well received performance in his hometown. In September 2015, Shakey Graves won the Best Emerging Artist award at the 2015 Americana Music Awards and he and Esme Patterson performed their hit Dearly Departed. On February 9,2012, the Mayor of Austin proclaimed a Shakey Graves Day, Rose-Garcia spent Shakey Graves Day 2012 celebrating by playing laser tag, but in each subsequent year has put on a concert with other local bands and musicians. Also, on Shakey Graves Day all of his music is available on bandcamp for pay-what-you-want prices, fans can download unreleased albums The State of Texas vs. Alejandro Rose-Garcia, Story of my Life, As Per Request, West of Calgary, and Nobodys Fool. These are only available 3 days a year
34.
Tomiko Van
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Tomiko Van, is a Japanese pop singer and occasional actress, as well as a member of the band Do As Infinity, along with Ryo Owatari and Dai Nagao, that has resumed activities after their 2005 split. Van also appeared in six commercials for the Japanese hair product company Lavenus, after Do As Infinity disbanded on September 29,2005, Avex Trax, Vans label, announced that the singer was going solo. In 2006, Van made her debut as a solo artist with her album Farewell, singles were not released prior to her album, released in March 2006. Her first official single as a solo artist, Flower, was released in June of the same year, two other singles followed that year, Senkō, in September, and Yumeji, a late November release. 2007 started out with Vans first cover album titled Voice, Cover You With Love, the album was Vans only release that year. Tomiko van also acted in a movie Heat Island In 2008, Vans third album and second album, Voice 2. In this album, she covered songs performed by artists, such as Spitz. Despite her one-year hiatus from the scene, the album charted at number 10 on the first day of release. Vans fourth solo single, Tokyo Biyori, was released on June 18,2008 and her second original album, Van, was released in December 2008. On September 29,2008, Do As Infinity officially reunited as a band, Van married a man four years her junior in September 2012, first publicly announcing her marriage at a Do As Infinity concert at Shibuya AX in Tokyo on September 29. As of 2016 she is the mother of two children, drive Me Nuts Truth94 -Meets Tomiko Van- Again Music Flower Velvet Official website Tomiko Van at the Internet Movie Database
35.
Sabrina Carpenter
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The Erlenmeyer Flask is the 24th episode and the first season finale of the science fiction television series The X-Files. Written by executive producer Chris Carter, and directed by R. W. Goodwin, the episode first aired in the United States on May 13,1994 on the Fox network. With 8.3 million households turning in during its initial broadcast, the episode received an Edgar Award nomination in the Best Episode in a TV Series category, and has, since broadcast, received positive responses from both critics and crew members. The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder and Dana Scully who work on cases linked to the paranormal, called X-Files. In this episode, Mulder and Scully discover evidence of a secret government experimentation with alien DNA, the Erlenmeyer Flask introduced several new plot elements which would continue in later seasons and featured the death of recurring character Deep Throat. Carter described the inspiration for the episode as the result of a learning experience. In Ardis, Maryland, a police chase unfolds at a waterfront. The driver of the car, Dr. William Secare, is cornered by officers, Secare is shot as he runs up a gangplank and leaps off a ship into the water. The police fail to locate him but discover that his blood is green, soon afterwards, Deep Throat approaches Fox Mulder with Secares case, saying he is of major importance to revealing the truth. When investigating the case, Mulder and Dana Scully visit Dr. Terrance Berube and that night, Deep Throat meets a second time with Mulder and insists he continue, despite Mulders uncertainty on what he should be looking for. That night, Berube is confronted by the Crew Cut Man, while investigating the crime scene, Mulder finds an Erlenmeyer flask labeled Purity Control. Scully takes the flask to Georgetown University, where Dr. Anne Carpenter helps her analyze its contents, meanwhile, Mulder heads to Berubes home and finds keys for a storage facility. Secare calls Berubes home office and Mulder answers, pretending to be Berube, Secare tells who he believes to be Berube that hes been in the water for three days, and is hurt. Meanwhile, the Crew Cut Man eavesdrops on the conversation, Secare collapses due to blood loss before he can tell Mulder where he is. While he is away in an ambulance, a poisonous gas emits from Secares body when the paramedics perform a needle decompression. Secare recovers and flees from the ambulance, Mulder arrives at the storage facility and finds five men suspended in tanks, as well as a sixth empty tank. Mulder is pursued when he leaves the facility but escapes, Carpenter reveals that the Purity Control flask contains a sample of bacteria that doesnt exist anywhere in nature and can only be described as extraterrestrial. Upon revisiting the storage facility the day with Scully, Mulder discovers the room to be completely empty
36.
Cinderella
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Cinderella, or The Little Glass Slipper, is a folk tale embodying a myth-element of unjust oppression/triumphant reward. Thousands of variants are known throughout the world, the title character is a young woman living in unfortunate circumstances, that are suddenly changed to remarkable fortune. The oldest documented version comes from China, and the oldest European version from Italy, the most popular version was first published by Charles Perrault in Histoires ou contes du temps passé in 1697, and later by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms Fairy Tales. Although the storys title and main characters change in different languages. The word Cinderella has, by analogy, come to one whose attributes were unrecognized, or one who unexpectedly achieves recognition or success after a period of obscurity. The still-popular story of Cinderella continues to influence popular culture internationally, lending plot elements, allusions, the Aarne–Thompson system classifies Cinderella as the persecuted heroine. The story of Rhodopis, about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt, is considered the earliest known variant of the Cinderella story, a version of the story, Ye Xian, appeared in Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang by Duan Chengshi around 860. Here, the hardworking and lovely girl befriends a fish, the rebirth of her mother, the fish is later killed by her stepmother and sister. Ye Xian saves the bones, which are magic, and they help her dress appropriately for the New Year Festival, when she loses her slipper after being recognized by her stepfamily, the king finds her slipper and falls in love with her. The Indonesian and Malaysian story Bawang Merah Bawang Putih, are two girls named Bawang Putih and Bawang Merah. While the two countrys respective versions differ in the relationship of the girls and the identity of the protagonist. Both have a fish as the fairy godmother to her daughter. The heroine then finds the bones and buries them, and over the grave a magical swing appears, the protagonist sits on the swing and sings to make it sway, her song reaching the ears of a passing Prince. The swing is akin to the slipper test, which distinguishes the heroine from her sister. In Indonesia, Bawang Putih is the girl, who suffers at the hands of her evil stepmother and stepsister, Bawang Merah. When the Prince enquires after the singer on the swing, Bawang Merah lies, the angry prince forces Bawang Merah and her mother to tell the truth. They then admit that there is another daughter in the house, Bawang Putih comes out and moves the magical swing by her singing. In the end, she and her prince marry and live happily ever after, in the Malaysian version, it is Bawang Merah and her mother Mak Labu who are good, while her half sister Bawang Putih and her mother Mak Kundur are evil
37.
Rodgers and Hammerstein
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Rodgers and Hammerstein refers to an influential, innovative and successful American musical theatre writing team consisting of composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist-dramatist Oscar Hammerstein II. They created a string of popular Broadway musicals in the 1940s and 1950s, five of their Broadway shows, Oklahoma. Carousel, South Pacific, The King and I and The Sound of Music, were outstanding successes, of the other four that the team produced on Broadway during their lifetimes, Flower Drum Song was well-received, and none was an outright flop. Most of their shows have received frequent revivals around the world, among the many accolades their shows garnered were thirty-four Tony Awards, fifteen Academy Awards, the Pulitzer Prize, and two Grammy Awards. Their musical theatre writing partnership has been called the greatest of the 20th century, prior to their partnership, both Rodgers and Hammerstein achieved success independently. Rodgers had collaborated for more than two decades with Lorenz Hart, among their many Broadway hits were the shows A Connecticut Yankee, Babes in Arms, The Boys from Syracuse, Pal Joey, and By Jupiter, as well as many successful film projects. Their 1927 musical Show Boat is considered to be one of the masterpieces of the American musical theatre, other Hammerstein/Kern collaborations include Sweet Adeline and Very Warm for May. Although the last of these was panned by critics, it one of Kern and Hammersteins best-loved songs. By the early 1940s, Hart had sunk deeper into alcoholism and emotional turmoil, independently of each other, Rodgers and Hammerstein had been attracted to making a musical based on Lynn Riggs stage play Green Grow the Lilacs. When Jerome Kern declined Hammersteins offer to work on such a project and Hart refused Rodgers offer to do the same, Rodgers, marked a revolution in musical drama. Although not the first musical to tell a story of emotional depth and psychological complexity, introduced a number of new storytelling elements and techniques. These included its use of song and dance to convey plot and character rather than act as a diversion from the story, was originally called Away We Go. and opened at the Shubert Theatre in New Haven in March 1943. Only a few changes were made before it opened on Broadway, the original Broadway production opened on March 31,1943, at the St. James Theatre. Although the typical musical of the time was written around the talents of a specific performer, such as Ethel Merman or Fred Astaire. Ultimately the original cast included Alfred Drake, Joan Roberts, Celeste Holm, Howard Da Silva, Betty Garde, Lee Dixon, marc Platt danced the role of Dream Curly, and Katharine Sergava danced the part of Dream Laurey. The story and the songs were considered more important than sheer star power, nevertheless, the production ran for a then-unprecedented 2,212 performances, finally closing on May 29,1948. In 1955 it was made into an Academy Award-winning musical film, the film starred Gordon MacRae and Shirley Jones, and its soundtrack was #1 on the 1956 album charts. After their initial success with Oklahoma, the musical was adapted to the screen in 1954, and scored a Best Actress Oscar nomination for leading lady Dorothy Dandridge
38.
Sergei Prokofiev
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Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev was a Russian and Soviet composer, pianist and conductor. As the creator of acknowledged masterpieces across numerous genres, he is regarded as one of the major composers of the 20th century. Prokofievs greatest interest, however, was opera, and he composed works in that genre, including The Gambler. Prokofievs one operatic success during his lifetime was The Love for Three Oranges, composed for the Chicago Opera and subsequently performed over the decade in Europe. During that time he married a Spanish singer, Carolina Codina, in the early 1930s, the Great Depression diminished opportunities for Prokofievs ballets and operas to be staged in America and western Europe. He enjoyed some success there – notably with Lieutenant Kijé, Peter and the Wolf, Romeo and Juliet, the Nazi invasion of the USSR spurred him to compose his most ambitious work, an operatic version of Leo Tolstoys War and Peace. Prokofiev was born in 1891 in Sontsovka, a rural estate in the Yekaterinoslav Governorate of the Russian Empire. His father, Sergei Alexeyevich Prokofiev, was an agronomist, Prokofievs mother, Maria, came from a family of former serfs who had been owned by the Sheremetev family, under whose patronage serf-children were taught theatre and arts from an early age. She was described by Reinhold Glière as a woman with beautiful. Who knew how to create an atmosphere of warmth and simplicity about her, after their wedding in the summer of 1877, the Prokofievs had moved to a small estate in the Smolensk governorate. Eventually Sergei Alexeyevich found employment as a engineer, employed by one of his former fellow-students, Dmitri Sontsov. By seven, he had learned to play chess. At the age of nine, he was composing his first opera, The Giant, as well as an overture, unable to arrange that, Tanayev instead arranged for composer and pianist Reinhold Glière to spend the summer of 1902 in Sontsovka teaching Prokofiev. The first series of lessons culminated, at the 11-year-old Prokofievs insistence, the following summer, Glière revisited Sontsovka to give further tuition. By 1904, his mother had decided instead on Saint Petersburg, glazunov was so impressed that he urged Prokofievs mother to have her son apply for admission to the Conservatory. He passed the tests and enrolled that year. Several years younger than most of his class, Prokofiev was viewed as eccentric and arrogant and he also shared classes with the composers Boris Asafyev and Nikolai Myaskovsky, the latter becoming a relatively close and lifelong friend. As a member of the Saint Petersburg music scene, Prokofiev developed a reputation as a rebel, while getting praise for his original compositions
39.
Stephen Sondheim
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Stephen Joshua Sondheim is an American composer and lyricist known for more than a half-century of contributions to musical theatre. Sondheim has received an Academy Award, eight Tony Awards, eight Grammy Awards, a Pulitzer Prize, the Laurence Olivier Award, and he has been described by Frank Rich of The New York Times as now the greatest and perhaps best-known artist in the American musical theater. He also wrote the lyrics for West Side Story and Gypsy, Sondheim has also written film music, contributing Goodbye for Now to Warren Beattys 1981 Reds. He wrote five songs for 1990s Dick Tracy, including Sooner or Later by Madonna, the composer was president of the Dramatists Guild from 1973 to 1981. To celebrate his 80th birthday, the former Henry Millers Theatre was renamed the Stephen Sondheim Theatre on September 15,2010, Cameron Mackintosh has called Sondheim possibly the greatest lyricist ever. Sondheim was born into a Jewish family in New York City and his father manufactured dresses designed by his mother. The composer grew up on the Upper West Side of Manhattan and, after his parents divorced, on a farm near Doylestown, Pennsylvania. As the only child of parents living in the San Remo on Central Park West. When he lived in New York, Sondheim attended ECFS, the Ethical Culture Fieldston School known simply as Fieldston, Sondheim spent several summers at Camp Androscoggin. He traces his interest in theatre to Very Warm for May, the curtain went up and revealed a piano, Sondheim recalled. A butler took a duster and brushed it up, tinkling the keys, when Sondheim was ten, his father left his mother for another woman. Herbert sought custody of Stephen but was unsuccessful, Sondheim explained to biographer Secrest that he was what they call an institutionalized child, meaning one who has no contact with any kind of family. Youre in, though its luxurious, youre in an environment that supplies you with everything, No brothers and sisters, no parents, and yet plenty to eat, and friends to play with and a warm bed, you know. Sondheim detested his mother, who was said to be abusive and projected her anger from her failed marriage on her son, When my father left her. And she used me the way she used him, to come on to and to berate, beat up on, what she did for five years was treat me like dirt, but come on to me at the same time. She once wrote him a letter saying that the only ever had was giving him birth. When his mother died in the spring of 1992, Sondheim did not attend her funeral, when Sondheim was about ten years old, he became friends with James Hammerstein, son of lyricist and playwright Oscar Hammerstein II. The elder Hammerstein became Sondheims surrogate father, influencing him profoundly, Sondheim met Hal Prince, who would direct many of his shows, at the opening of South Pacific, Hammersteins musical with Richard Rodgers
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Sherman Brothers
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The Sherman Brothers were an American songwriting duo that specialized in musical films, made up of Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman. The Sherman Brothers wrote more motion-picture musical song scores than any other songwriting team in film history, Film scores of the Sherman Brothers include Mary Poppins, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, The Jungle Book, Bedknobs and Broomsticks, Charlottes Web and The Aristocats. Sons of Russian Jewish immigrants, Robert and Richard Sherman began writing together in 1951 on a challenge from their father. The brothers wrote together and with different songwriting partners throughout the rest of the decade and they wrote the title song for Doris Days album Bright and Shiny, recorded in 1960 and released a year later. In 1958, Robert founded the publishing company Music World Corporation. That same year, the Sherman Brothers had their first top-ten hit with Tall Paul, sung by Mouseketeer Judy Harriet on the Surf Records label and then covered by Mouseketeer Annette Funicello. The success of this song yielded the attention of Walt Disney, the first song they wrote on personal assignment by Walt Disney was Strummin Song in 1961. It was used in the Annette Funicello made-for-television movie called The Horsemasters and they also wrote what is perhaps their best-known song, Its a Small World, for the 1964 New York Worlds Fair. In 1965, the Sherman Brothers won two Academy Awards for Mary Poppins, which includes the songs Feed The Birds, Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, and the Oscar-winning Chim Chim Cher-ee. Since Mary Poppins premiere, the Shermans have subsequently earned nine Academy Award nominations, since leaving the company, the brothers have worked freelance as songwriters on scores of motion pictures, television shows, theme-park exhibits, and stage musicals. Their first non-Disney assignment came with Albert R, in 1970, the Shermans returned to Disney for a brief stint where they completed work on The Aristocats and Bedknobs and Broomsticks. The latter film garnered the brothers their fourth and fifth Oscar nominations,1972 saw the release of Snoopy Come Home, for which the brothers received a Grammy nomination. In 1973, the Sherman Brothers also made history by becoming the only Americans ever to win First Prize at the Moscow Film Festival for Tom Sawyer, in 1976, “The Slipper and the Rose” was picked to be the Royal Command Performance of the year. The performance was attended by Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother, a modern musical adaptation of the classic Cinderella story, Slipper, also featured songs, score, and screenplay by the Sherman Brothers. Two further Academy Award nominations were garnered by the brothers for the film and that same year the Sherman Brothers received their star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame directly across from Graumans Chinese Theater. Outside the motion-picture realm, their Tony Award-nominated smash hit Over Here, was the biggest-grossing original Broadway musical of that year. Other top-ten hits include Pineapple Princess, Lets Get Together, in 2000, the Sherman Brothers wrote the song score for the Disney film The Tigger Movie. This film marked the brothers first major picture for the Disney company in over 28 years
