Affliction: Day of Reckoning was a mixed martial arts event promoted by Affliction Entertainment on January 24, 2009, in Anaheim, California at the Honda Center. It was originally scheduled for October 11, 2008, at the Thomas and Mack Center in Las Vegas, Nevada with a different fight card.

Fedor Vladimirovich Emelianenko is a Russian former professional mixed martial artist (MMA), sambist, and judoka and politician. Emelianenko was the PRIDE Heavyweight Champion from 2003 to the organisation's closure in 2007, a four-time combat sambo world champion, a seven-time combat sambo national champion, and two-time Russian national judo bronze medalist, among other championships and accolades. He also competed in RINGS, Strikeforce, M-1 Global, Rizin, and Bellator MMA, and is regarded as the most prominent fighter never to compete in the UFC. Emelianenko is widely considered to be one of the greatest MMA fighters of all time, consistently ranked as the top heavyweight fighter from 2003 until 2010, and the best fighter of the 2000s. Emelianenko's career helped popularize the sport of MMA in his home country of Russia after gaining attention in Japan, South Korea, the United States, and worldwide.