Jubail
Jubail is a city in the Eastern province on the Persian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia. It is the largest industrial city in the world, it is home to the Middle East's largest and world's fourth largest petrochemical company SABIC. It has the world's largest IWPP producing 800,000 m3 of water daily. Jubail comprises the Old Town of Al Jubail, a small fishing village until 1975 and the new industrial area. Jubail Industrial City is the largest civil engineering project in the world today. In 1975, the Saudi government designated Jubail as the site for a new industrial city, with rapid expansion and industrialization arising; the new industrial and residential areas were named Madīnat al Jubayl aṣ Ṣinā`īyah. The 2005 Census Report for Jubail Industrial City estimates the population at 224,430 residents; the town of Al-Jubail, on the Persian Gulf coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, has ancient roots. Human habitation dates back at least 7,000 years, when the people of Dilmun — whose civilization radiated up and down the coast of the Persian Gulf — established a settlement there.
In September 1933, Jubail gained a measure of fame as the landing site for the first team of geologists to explore for oil in Saudi Arabia. Bechtel began work on the Jubail Industrial City project more than 40 years ago and is still working in Jubail now. Bechtel has managed the Jubail project since it began in the mid-1970s, in 2004 the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu asked the company to manage Jubail II, a $3.8 billion expansion of the city's industrial and residential areas. Jubail has a hot desert climate. Jubail is directly connected with other cities by two major highways. One ongoing project is the Jubail-Qassim Expressway 500 km, which will reduce the distance between Jubail and Qassim to around 331 km from the current 831 km. A branch of the Saudi Landbridge Project railway is proposed to connect Jubail to Dammam. There are two seaports in Jubail -- the King Fahd Industrial Seaport; as of 2011, Jubail ranks 92nd in the world in terms of Total Cargo Volume with 44,700 tons. Jubail Airport is an airfield 25 kilometres west near the industrial area.
Constructed by the Royal Commission of Jubail and Yanbu as part of Jubail project, it was meant to be used for commercial aviation until it was decided to utilize the large nearby King Fahd International Airport. Thus, it was handed over to the Ministry of Defence and has been used as a base for the naval aviation group/eastern fleet of the Royal Saudi Navy since then; the terminal in Dammam Airport is about 60 km drive from the suburbs of Jubail, 80 km from the city center and 100 km from the Royal Commission neighborhoods. However it was announced that the airport will be opened for private aviation operations starting September 2014. A project to renovate the airfield was undertaken since some of the airfield's infrastructure was incomplete, as a result of the previous change for the use of airport from commercial to military. To date, the project and renovations have not been completed. In addition, two other airfields are located in the city. Jubail has a robust market place, known as International Market.
It has a several malls, such as the Giant Store, Fanateer Mall, Galleria Mall, Jubail Center Mall, City Max, Hyper-Panda, HyperMarket, Jubail Centre, Home Center, Red Tag, Nesto, Jubail Plaza and Jubail MallThe Jubail desalination plant As part of the industrial city, Jubail has a desalination plant called Saline Water Conversion Corp.. In 2019, SWCC hit Guinness World Record as the largest producer of desalinated water worldwide; the plant hit the record. Safwa city: 56 km Qatif: 64 km Ras Tanura: 71 km Saihat: 76 km Dammam: 96 km Khobar: 104 km Abqaiq: 160 km Al-Ahsa: 222 km Riyadh: 500 km Buraydah: 823 km Arar: 975 km Ha'il: 1,132 km Medina: 1,600 km Mecca: 1,500 km Jeddah: 1,500 km Manama: 162 km Kuwait City: 342 km Doha: 496 km Abu Dhabi: 865 km Dubai: 977 km Baghdad: 1,019 km Muscat: 1,374 km ISG Jubail International Indian School, Al- Jubail Jubail Academy International School Hafeez International School Pakistan International School Mariya international School King Fahd High School Najd Secondary School Umm Alqurra Secondary School Dana Elementary School Andulas Elementary School Al Murjan Elementary School Al Ahsa Secondary School Fayha Elementary School Khaleeg Intermediate School Fanatir Elementary School Al Deffi Secondary School Al Abna'a Schools Jubail University College Jubail Industrial College Jubail Technical Institute Almana Medical Center.
Almana General Hospital. Branch Suncity Polyclinic Ram Dental Complex Al-Shabani General Hospital. Al Fanateer Hospital. Mouwasat Hospital. Mayo Dental Center. Lulu Hospital. Kingdom Dental Medical Dispensary. Royal Commission Hospital. Huda Younis Dental Complex. Armed Forces Hospital. Al-Shifa Hospital. Al-Fayadh Medical Clinic. Al-Hijailan Medical Clinic. Lulu Dispensary. Dina Dispensary for Medical Services. Al-Khonaini Dispensary. Jubail National Dispensary. Jubail Medical Center. Jubail General Hospital. Badr Al Khaleej Medical Center Ar Razi Clinic. KIMS Medical
Al Wakrah
Al Wakrah is the capital city of the Al Wakrah Municipality in Qatar. Al Wakrah's eastern edge is the shores of the Persian Gulf and Qatar's capital Doha is situated to the city's immediate north. Governed by Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, it was a small fishing and pearling village. Over the years, it evolved into a small city with a population of more than 80,000 and is considered to be the second-largest city in Qatar, it has undergone extensive development and growth since the turn of the 21st century while being encroached on by expanding Doha from the north. Notable milestones in the city's modern history include its proposal as a venue for the Qatar 2022 World Cup, the opening of Al Wakrah Heritage Village in 2016, the Al Wakrah Main Road Project, set to be completed in 2020, the city's integration into the Doha Metro's Red Line; the city's name derives the Arabic word "wakar", which translates to "bird's nest". According to the Ministry of Municipality and Environment, this name was given in reference to a nearby hill which accommodated the nests of several birds.
Due to a wealth of archaeological evidence, it has been claimed that Al Wakrah served as the first urban centre of Qatar. The city was used as a pearling center during the period in which Qatar's economy was entirely dependent on the bustling pearling industry. According to the United States Hydrographic Office, by 1920, there were 300 ships situated in the town. A following study carried out by the British in 1925 stated that there were 250 boats in Wakrah's port. Al Wakrah was thought to encompass the so-called'Pirate Coast', as stated by a report written in 1898. According to records contained in the British India Library Office, a written account dating to 1845 states that the town accommodated 250 houses and had a population of 1,000, it was said to be located 10 miles away from one of Qatar's then-primary pearling villages, Al Bidda. The records stated that the town's original inhabitants were migrants from Al Bidda. Al Wakrah was described as "independent of other towns. In 1863, the Bahraini ruler Mohammed bin Khalifa sent his cousin Mohammed bin Ahmed to act as deputy emir of Qatar.
He was soon compelled by the Qataris to return to Bahrain after arresting and deporting the ruler of Al Wakrah. In 1867, Bahrain launched a war against Qatar after the Naim tribe defeated the Bahraini army situated in the Peninsula, they succeeded in gaining support from Abu Dhabi, as Doha and Al Wakrah have long been harbors of refuge for Omani seceders. As a result, Al Wakrah was sacked by the combined Abu Dhabi forces. A British record stated "that the towns of Doha and Wakrah were, at the end of 1867 temporarily blotted out of existence, the houses being dismantled and the inhabitants deported". Abu Al-Qassim Munshi, a British resident in Qatar, wrote a memo regarding the districts of Qatar in 1872, In it, he mentions that "in the year 1218, Al Wakrah was ruled by the Al-Boo-Aynain tribe", although J. G. Lorimer claims that the Al Buainain tribe migrated to Al Wakrah from Ar Ru'ays and Fuwayrit some time after 1828. After Qatar succumbed to Ottoman control, Major Ömer Bey compiled a report on the major towns in the peninsula.
The article, published in January 1872, reflected on the depopulation of Al Wakrah resulting from the war by estimating a meager population of 400, while approximating the town's fleet at 50 ships. A British survey conducted on the area in 1890 asserted that the town, still suffering from the effects of the 1867 war, had since been rebuilt; the surveyors wrote that the Al Wakrah had 12 forts, at least 1,000 inhabitants, several boats. Jebel Al Wakrah, an 85-feet high rocky hill, was noted 1 mile south of the town. In 1885, a group of 100 Al Wakra natives from the Al-Buainain and Al-Jehran tribes left the town and settled at Al Ghariyah due to a dispute with Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani. A coalition, led by Mohammed bin Abdul Wahab, was formed to resist Sheikh Jassim. A meeting was summoned between Sheikh Jassim and Mohammed bin Abdul Wahab and the discussion was mediated by an Ottoman commander of an Al Bidaa-situated gun boat; the Ottoman commander's proposal that the coalition be left alone infuriated Sheikh Jassim.
This incited tribesmen loyal to Sheikh Jassim to attack Al Ghariyah, but they were defeated, with the Bani Hajr tribe suffering a few casualties. At the end of 1902, the Ottomans installed Ottoman administrative officials in Al Wakrah and Zubarah in an attempt to assert their authority; this was in addition to the existing Ottoman administrative officials in Doha. An Ottoman, Yusuf Bey, was appointed as Mudir of Al Wakrah in the spring of 1903. Due to British discontent, Yusuf Bey's appointment was short lived, he was called to act as the assistant Kaymakam of Qatar and did not return to Al Wakrah. Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani was appointed as Mudir by the Ottomans in place of Yusuf Bey the same year; this elicited fresh protests by the British government, who refused the Ottoman's rights to appoint any administrative official in Qatar. In November 1904, the Ottomans abolished the post altogether upon further urging by the British. From December 1907, there were a series of disputes between the governor, Sheikh Abdulrahman, the Al-Buainain tribe.
The Al-Buainain tribe had objected to paying the annual boat tax, in reprisal, the sheikh fined the tribe 10,000 Qatari riyals and expelled 6 of the tribe's leaders. As retribution, one of the tribe leader's sons attempted to shoot Sheikh Abdulrahman, his a
Anazzah
Anazzah is an Arab tribe in the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant. Anazzah's existence as an autonomous tribal group, like many prominent modern tribes, predates the rise of Islam in the 7th century CE; the classical Arab genealogists placed `Anizzah within the large Rabi`ah branch of Adnanite tribes, alongside the tribes of Abdul Qays, Bakr ibn Wa'il, Bani Hanifa, Taghlib. In the genealogical scheme, `Anazzah's eponymous ancestor is a great uncle of all of these. Two main branches of `Anazzah are recorded by the early Muslim scholars. One branch was nomadic, living in the northern Arabian steppes bordering Mesopotamia; the other, known as Bani Hizzan, was sedentary, living within the wadis of the district of Al-Yamama in eastern Nejd, just south of their purported cousins, the Bani Hanifa of the Bakr ibn Wa'il, who inhabited modern-day Riyadh. Families tracing their origin to `Annizah through Hizzan still exist in that area today; the other tribes of Rabi'ah were far more prominent in the events of late pre-Islamic Arabia and the early Islamic era.
According to historians such as Al-Tabari, `Anazzah joined with Bakr ibn Wa'il under an alliance they called "al-Lahazim". Many of these tribes were followers of the Christian faith prior to Islam. Others such as bani Taghlib remained Christian after the Islamic conquest of Mesopotamia and the Levant The modern tribe of `Annazah became prominent in the Ottoman era, as masters of the oasis towns of northwestern Arabia Khaybar and Al-Ula. Although not farmers themselves, the `Annizah levied crops from the inhabitants, only spent the winter months in the area, while migrating northwards into southern Syria in the summer months, where they collected tribute from the inhabitants of the Hawran region; the tribute was known as khuwwa, in exchange, the tribesmen pledged to protect the farmers from other tribes. Other clans of the tribe spread across the northern Arabian steppes as far north and east as the Euphrates. According to Encyclopedia of Islam, "it is not known whence they came", while many such as the Western travelers Philby and Anne Blunt assumed they had migrated from Nejd, having been pushed northwards into Syria by other tribes.
However, the tribe does not appear in the historical or genealogical records of Nejd, members of the tribe posit a migration from Syria and Iraq southwards to Nejd, which comports with the original lands of the Bakr ibn Wa'il. In particular, it is believed they originated from the area of Ayn Tamr in the Iraqi desert near Karbala. In the 19th century, the Swiss traveler Burckhardt and the British traveler Doughty visited the tribe in their stronghold of Khaybar and gathered from them many details of Bedouin life. Sheikh Medjuel el Mezrab of the Anizah was the husband of Lady Jane Digby. One branch of the `Annizah in that area, centered around Al-Jouf and the valley of Wadi Sarhan and extending into Jordan and Syria, became so large and powerful that it developed into an independent tribe, known as the Ruwallah; the Ruwallah engaged in battle with other branches of `Annizah, became the arch-enemy of the large tribe of Shammar, who inhabited the same area and dominated Nejd in the late 19th century after temporarily deposing the Al Saud.
A 19th century oral poetic epic telling the tale of a rivalry between two heroes from Shammar and `Annizah was published in 1992. The Ruwallah were among the tribes that took part in the "Arab Revolt" against the Ottomans in 1916. Another northern branch of `Annizah, the `Amarat, was centered in the deserts of Iraq. According to the tribe's genealogists, the modern tribe in north Arabia is divided into the following branches: Dhana Bishr - which includes the `Amarat of Iraq. Dhana Maslam - which includes the Ruwallah of north Arabia; the sparse chronicles of Nejd relating to the pre-Wahhabi era relate a process of penetration of the tribe into northern and western Nejd, where they began to claim pastures during the winter months. One 19th-century historian, Ibn La'bun, a descendant of `Annizah who went by the tribal appellation of "Al-Wa'ili", recorded the story of the settlement of several `Annizi families in Nejd, which he placed in the 14th century CE. In the 15th century, the region of Al-Qassim in northern Nejd was being settled through migration and the majority of this activity was by members of `Annizah.
In the early 18th century the Bedouins of `Annizah are recorded to have reached as far as the gates of Riyadh, killing its ruler in battle. This battle was part of a tribal war in which its neighboring villages took sides. With the rise of the First Saudi State in the late 18th century, `Annizah were among the tribes that adopted a favorable attitude towards this new power, but took little active part in supporting it militarily, due to their geographical location; the royal family of Saudi Arabia Al Saud family are from the Anazzah tribe, with Al Saud having ancestry from Wa'il, the region's native inhabitants as well as the migratory `Annizah. Limited settlement of Bedouin tribesmen in nearby towns and villages has always been an ongoing process in the region. Settled families in `Annizah are to be found not only in Saudi Arabia, where they are most numerous, but in Kuwait, Iraq, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Bahrain and the West Bank, where the village of Anzah near Jenin is named after the tribe.
The establishment of the modern borders of the Middle East dealt a severe blow to the Bedouin lifestyle of tribes such as `Annizah, which were accustomed to raising their animals over wide areas spanning many modern states. Special arr
Bani Shaiba
The Bani Shaiba or the sons of Shaiba are an Arabic tribe that hold the keys to the Kaaba. The members of the tribe greet visitors into the Kaaba during the cleaning ceremony and clean the interior together with the visitors. Sheikh Abdul-Aziz Al-Sheibi, who died in November 2010, kept the key for eighteen years, his brother, Abdul Qader Al-Sheibi, became the new key-bearer. Abdul Qader Al-Sheibi died on 23 October 2014. Sheikh Abdul Qadir Al-Shaibi was the 108th successor of Othman Bin Talha. Saleh Bin Taha Al-Shaibi, the oldest member of Shaibi family, will be the new keeper of Kaaba; this was bestowed on a tribe of ʿĀd before Quraysh. It passed to Khuza'a Qusai, who gave it to his son Abdul Dar, who handed it over to his son Othman, it shifted from one person to another. It is still inherited by their successors. Muhammad, the Islamic prophet, handed the keys to Bani Shaiba in the year of the conquest of Mecca, said, "Take it, O Bani Talha, eternally up to the Day of Resurrection, it will not be taken from you unless by an unjust, oppressive tyrant."
Article with a photo of the Kaaba key and lock at Arab News
Ras Tanura
Ras Tanura is a city in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia located on a peninsula extending into the Persian Gulf. The name Ras Tanura applies both to a gated Saudi Aramco employee compound and to an industrial area further out on the peninsula that serves as a major oil port and oil operations center for Saudi Aramco, the largest oil company in the world. Today, the compound has about 3,200 residents, with British expats. Geographically, the Ras Tanura complex is located south of the modern industrial port city of Jubail and north across Tarut Bay from the old port city of Dammam. Although Ras Tanura's port area is located on a small peninsula, due to modern oil tankers' need for deeper water, Saudi Aramco has built numerous artificial islands for easier docking. In addition, offshore oil rigs and production facilities have been constructed in the waters nearby by Saudi Aramco and Halliburton. Najmah compound is one of four residential compounds built by ARAMCO in the 1940s and the only one located on the coast of the Persian Gulf itself.
Ras Tanura refinery is surrounded by a guarded security fence, Saudi employees and their dependents may live inside the Najmah residential compound, less guarded. Built to allow expatriate oil company employees a degree of Western comfort and separation from the restrictions of Saudi and Islamic laws, the community today has shifted somewhat in line with the reduction of western residents into a multi-ethnic mosaic of Saudis, other Arab nationalities, Indians, a few Americans and British expats - all of whom live with English as the common language. Ras Tanura is connected by a single two-lane highway with the Dhahran-Jubail Highway which links it with neighboring cities such as Jubail and Dammam as well as with the regional Aramco headquarters in Dhahran. Although there is a small airport in the city Ras Tanura Airport, commercial air transportation is provided by King Fahd International Airport in Dammam as the local one is for the exclusive use of Saudi Aramco helicopters; the distance from the city center to the terminal in Dammam Airport is 50 km.
However a current project is ongoing to shorten that distance to 40 km. A movie-sized documentary production of the Saudi Aramco company-built towns, including the Ras Tanura employee camp Najmah, is the nostalgically-titled "Home - The Aramco Brats Story", promoted and released with a trailer and DVD in December, 2006. List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia SAR201 Dhahran Abqaiq Udhailiyah Khobar Towers Satellite image showing most parts of Ras Tanura: Aramco residential area, common city, the huge oilfarms and oil seaport. City-specific images and documents from the Aramco-Brats.com website Aramco Services Company site: By clicking the "communities" link and photo tour can be found about Ras Tanura as well as other Aramco communities. A billion barrels ago... stories in the Ras Tanura refinery Ports of Ras Tanura
Bahrain
Bahrain the Kingdom of Bahrain, is an island country in the Persian Gulf. The sovereign state comprises a small archipelago centered around Bahrain Island, situated between the Qatar peninsula and the north eastern coast of Saudi Arabia, to which it is connected by the 25-kilometre King Fahd Causeway. Bahrain's population is 1,234,571, including 666,172 non-nationals, it is 765.3 square kilometres in size, making it the third-smallest nation in Asia after the Maldives and Singapore. Bahrain is the site of the ancient Dilmun civilisation, it has been famed since antiquity for its pearl fisheries, which were considered the best in the world into the 19th century. Bahrain was one of the earliest areas to convert to Islam, in 628 CE. Following a period of Arab rule, Bahrain was occupied by the Portuguese in 1521, who in turn were expelled in 1602 by Shah Abbas I of the Safavid dynasty under the Persian Empire. In 1783, the Bani Utbah clan captured Bahrain from Nasr Al-Madhkur and it has since been ruled by the Al Khalifa royal family, with Ahmed al Fateh as Bahrain's first hakim.
In the late 1800s, following successive treaties with the British, Bahrain became a protectorate of the United Kingdom. In 1971, Bahrain declared independence. An emirate, the Arab constitutional monarchy of Bahrain was declared a kingdom in 2002. In 2011, the country experienced protests inspired by the regional Arab Spring. Bahrain's ruling al-Khalifa royal family has been accused and criticized for human rights abuses, including imprisonment and execution of dissidents, political opposition figures and its Shia Muslim population. Bahrain had the first post-oil economy in the Persian Gulf. Since the late 20th century, Bahrain has invested in the tourism sectors. Many large financial institutions have a presence in the country's capital, it is recognised by the World Bank as a high-income economy. Bahrain is a member of the United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Arab League, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Gulf Cooperation Council. Bahrayn is the dual form of Arabic bahr, so al-Bahrayn means "the two seas".
However, the name has been lexicalised as a feminine proper noun and does not follow the grammatical rules for duals. Endings are added to the word with no changes, as in the name of the national anthem Bahraynunā or the demonym Bahraynī; the mediaeval grammarian al-Jawahari commented on this saying that the more formally correct term Bahrī would have been misunderstood and so was unused. It remains disputed which "two seas" the name Bahrayn refers to; the term appears five times in the Quran, but does not refer to the modern island—originally known to the Arabs as Awal—but, rather, to all of Eastern Arabia. Today, Bahrain's "two seas" are taken to be the bay east and west of the island, the seas north and south of the island, or the salt and fresh water present above and below the ground. In addition to wells, there are areas of the sea north of Bahrain where fresh water bubbles up in the middle of the salt water as noted by visitors since antiquity. An alternate theory with regard to Bahrain's toponymy is offered by the al-Ahsa region, which suggests that the two seas were the Great Green Ocean and a peaceful lake on the Arabian mainland.
Until the late Middle Ages, "Bahrain" referred to the region of Eastern Arabia that included Southern Iraq, Kuwait, Al-Hasa and Bahrain. The region stretched from Basra in Iraq to the Strait of Hormuz in Oman; this was Iqlīm al-Bahrayn's "Bahrayn Province". The exact date at which the term "Bahrain" began to refer to the Awal archipelago is unknown; the entire coastal strip of Eastern Arabia was known as "Bahrain" for a millennium. The island and kingdom were commonly spelled Bahrein into the 1950s. Bahrain was home to Dilmun, an important Bronze Age trade centre linking Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. Bahrain was ruled by the Assyrians and Babylonians. From the sixth to third century BCE, Bahrain was part of the Achaemenid Empire. By about 250 BCE, Parthia brought the Persian Gulf under its control and extended its influence as far as Oman; the Parthians established garrisons along the southern coast of the Persian Gulf to control trade routes. During the classical era, Bahrain was referred to by the ancient Greeks as Tylos, the centre of pearl trading, when the Greek admiral Nearchus serving under Alexander the Great landed on Bahrain.
Nearchus is believed to have been the first of Alexander's commanders to visit the island, he found a verdant land, part of a wide trading network. The use of these is not confined to India, but extends to Arabia." The Greek historian Theophrastus states that much of Bahrain was covered by these cotton trees and that Bahrain was famous for exporting walking canes engraved with emblems that were customarily carried in Babylon. Alexander had planned to settle Greek colonists on Bahrain, although it is not clear that this happened on the scale he envisaged, Bahrain became much part of the Hellenised world: the language of the upper classes was Greek, while Zeus was worshipped in the form of the Arabian sun-god Shams. Bahrain became the site of
Howeitat
The Howeitat or Howaytat are a large tribal confederation of Transjordan, an area in present-day Jordan, Palestinian territories and Saudi Arabia. The Howeitat have several branches, notably the Ibn Jazi, the Abu Tayi, the Anjaddat, the Sulaymanniyin, in addition to a number of associated tribes; the Howeitat are unusual in claiming descent from an Egyptian named Huwayt. However, their presence in the area may date from the 18th century, when tribes of the northern Arabian desert were being pushed northwards by expansion of the Wahhabite-associated bedouin of central Arabia, they developed into a settled tribe, combining farming in the fertile areas of Jabal Shara with pastoralism, but early in the 20th century were rendered more or less nomadic by the activities of two rival shaikhs, Abtan ibn Jazi and Auda abu Tayi, who concentrated on raiding, collection of tribute and camel-herding. The Abu Tayi and Ibn Jazi subclans of the tribe were supporters of the Hashemite cause during the Arab Revolt, in which they formed an important part of Faisal's forces.
In years the Howeitat returned to farming. The Howeitat still have possession of large areas of land around Wadi Rum and stretching into Saudi Arabia; the Howeitat are mentioned in Richard Francis Burton's travelogue The Land of Midian, in which he gives the following account of their origin: According to their own oral genealogists, the first forefather was a lad called ‘Alayán, travelling in company with certain Shurafá, ergò held by his descendants to have been a Sherif, fell sick on the way. At El-‘Akabah he was taken in charge by ‘Atíyyah, Shaykh of the powerful Ma’ázah tribe, who owned the land upon which the fort stands. A "clerk," able to read and to write, he served his adopted father by superintending the accounts of stores and provisions supplied to the Hajj; the Arabs, who before that time embezzled at discretion, called him El–Huwayti’ because his learning was a fence against their frauds. He was sent for by his Egyptian friends, their names are ‘Alwán, ‘Imrán, Suway’id, Sa’id. They are mentioned in T E Lawrence's Seven Pillars of Wisdom and the film Lawrence of Arabia.
Media related to Huwaitat Tribe at Wikimedia Commons
