1.
Argentina
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Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a federal republic in the southern half of South America. With a mainland area of 2,780,400 km2, Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world, the second largest in Latin America, and the largest Spanish-speaking one. The country is subdivided into provinces and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires. The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system, Argentina claims sovereignty over part of Antarctica, the Falkland Islands, and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The earliest recorded presence in the area of modern-day Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period. The country has its roots in Spanish colonization of the region during the 16th century, Argentina rose as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776. The country thereafter enjoyed relative peace and stability, with waves of European immigration radically reshaping its cultural. The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Argentina becoming the seventh wealthiest developed nation in the world by the early 20th century, Argentina retains its historic status as a middle power in international affairs, and is a prominent regional power in the Southern Cone and Latin America. Argentina has the second largest economy in South America, the third-largest in Latin America and is a member of the G-15 and it is the country with the second highest Human Development Index in Latin America with a rating of very high. Because of its stability, market size and growing high-tech sector, the description of the country by the word Argentina has to be found on a Venice map in 1536. In English the name Argentina probably comes from the Spanish language, however the naming itself is not Spanish, Argentina means in Italian of silver, silver coloured, probably borrowed from the Old French adjective argentine of silver > silver coloured already mentioned in the 12th century. The French word argentine is the form of argentin and derives of argent silver with the suffix -in. The Italian naming Argentina for the country implies Argentina Terra land of silver or Argentina costa coast of silver, in Italian, the adjective or the proper noun is often used in an autonomous way as a substantive and replaces it and it is said lArgentina. The name Argentina was probably first given by the Venitian and Genoese navigators, in Spanish and Portuguese, the words for silver are respectively plata and prata and of silver is said plateado and prateado. Argentina was first associated with the silver mountains legend, widespread among the first European explorers of the La Plata Basin. The first written use of the name in Spanish can be traced to La Argentina, a 1602 poem by Martín del Barco Centenera describing the region, the 1826 constitution included the first use of the name Argentine Republic in legal documents. The name Argentine Confederation was also used and was formalized in the Argentine Constitution of 1853. In 1860 a presidential decree settled the name as Argentine Republic
2.
Argentines
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Argentines are the citizens of the Argentine Republic, or their descendants abroad. Argentina is a society, which means that it is home to people of many different ethnic backgrounds. As a result, Argentines do not consider their nationality as an ethnicity, aside from the Indigenous population, nearly all Argentines or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. According to the 2010 census, Argentina had a population of 40,091,359 inhabitants, of which 1,805,957 or 4. 6%, were born abroad. The population growth rate in 2008 was estimated to be 0. 917% annually, with a rate of 16.32 live births per 1,000 inhabitants. Argentinas population has long had one of Latin Americas lowest growth rates, strikingly, though, its fertility rate is still nearly twice as high as that in Spain or Italy, despite comparable religiosity figures. The median age is approximately 30 years and life expectancy at birth is 76 years, Argentina is a multiethnic society, which means that it is home to people of many different ethnic backgrounds. As a result, the people usually treat their nationality as a citizenship. Argentines usually refer to their country as a crisol de razas, or, Argentina is, along with other areas of new settlement like the United States, Canada, Australia or Brazil, a melting pot of different peoples. The main immigration sources were from Europe, the countries from the Near and Middle East, Russia, eventually Argentina became the second country that received the most immigrants in the world, only second to the United States. The most common groups are Italian and Spanish. It is estimated that up to 25 million Argentines, up to 60% of the population, have Italian ancestry. There are also Germanic, Slavic, British and French populations, smaller Jewish, Native, Arab, Asian, Gypsy, and African communities contribute to the melting pot. Recent decades immigration includes mainly Paraguayans, Bolivians and Peruvians, among other Latin Americans, a large majority of Argentines have at least partial Criollo origin, i. e. descendants of the Spaniards who settled Argentina during colonial times. Many of these intermarried with local Amerindian populations and later waves of European migrants, primarily from Italy, Argentines of European descent constitute the majority of Argentinas population. 9%, to as high as 96% of Argentinas population. The current most numerous immigrant European communities are, Italian, Spanish, German, Nordic, Slavic, French, Irish, Portuguese, Dutch, arabs and Argentines with partial Arab ancestry comprise around 4. 2% of Argentinas population. Contemporary Native cultures are represented in the country mainly by the Mapuche, Kolla, Wichí, according to the provisional data of INDECs Complementary Survey of Indigenous Peoples 2004 –2005,600,329 Natives reside in Argentina. The most numerous of these communities are the Mapuches, who live mostly in the south, the Kollas and Wichís, from the northwest, and the Tobas, some Mestizo population may identify with Native ethnicity
3.
Radical Civic Union
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The Radical Civic Union is a centrist social-liberal political party in Argentina. The party has been ideologically heterogeneous, ranging from classical liberalism to social democracy, the UCR is a member of the Socialist International. Founded in 1891 by radical liberals, it is the oldest political party active in Argentina, for many years the party was either in opposition to Peronist governments or illegal during military rule. The UCRs main support comes from the middle class, throughout its history the party has stood for free elections, supremacy of civilians over the military and liberal democratic values. Especially during the 1970s and 1980s it was perceived as an advocate for human rights. By May 2014, the UCR had 42 Deputies and 14 Senators, the party was a breakaway from the Civic Union, which was led by Bartolomé Mitre and Leandro Alem. The party unsuccessfully led an attempt to force the departure of President Miguel Juárez Celman in the Revolution of the Park. Eventually a compromise was reached with Juárez Celmans government, hardliners who opposed this agreement founded the current UCR, led by Alems nephew, the young and charismatic Hipólito Yrigoyen. In 1893 and 1905 the party led unsuccessful revolutions to overthrow the government, as well as backing more popular participation, UCRs platform included promises to tackle the countrys social problems and eradicate poverty. The Radical Civic Union remained in power during the next 14 years, Yrigoyen was succeeded by Marcelo T. de Alvear in 1922 and again by himself in 1928. The first coup in Argentinas modern history occurred on September 6,1930 and it was only in 1958 that a faction of the party allied with banned Peronists came back to power, led by Arturo Frondizi. The growing tolerance of Frondizi towards his Peronist allies provoked unrest in the army, after a brief military government, presidential elections took place in 1963 with the Peronist Party banned. The outcome saw the candidate of the Peoples Radical Civic Union Arturo Illia coming first, although Argentina experienced during Illias presidency one of the most successful periods of history in terms of economic performance, the president was ousted by the army in June 1966. Illias peaceful and ordered style of governing - sometimes considered too slow, during the 1970s Peronist government, the Radical Civic Union was the second-most supported party, but this didnt actually grant the party the role of being the political opposition. In fact, the Peronist governments most important criticisms came from the same Peronist Party, the growing fight between left-wing and right-wing Peronists took the country into chaos and many UCR members were targeted by both factions. The subsequent coup in 1976 ended Peronist rule, during the military regime many members of the UCR were disappeared, as were members of other parties. Alfonsín was succeeded by Carlos Saúl Menem of the Peronist Justicialist Party, in 1997 the UCR participated in elections in coalition with Front for a Country in Solidarity, itself an alliance of many smaller parties. This strategy brought Fernando de la Rúa to the presidency in the 1999 elections, during major riots triggered by economic reforms implemented by the UCR government, President de la Rúa resigned and fled the country to prevent further turmoil
4.
Mendoza Province
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The Province of Mendoza is a province of Argentina, located in the western central part of the country in the Cuyo region. Its capital city is the city of Mendoza. Covering an area of 148.827 km², it is the seventh biggest province of Argentina with 5. 35% of the total area. The population for 2010 is 1,741,610 inhabitants, archeological studies have determined that the first inhabitants in the area date from the Holocene, but there are few remains of those people to know their habits. The earliest sites of human occupation in Mendoza Province, Agua de la Cueva, in the basins of the Atuel River, in 300 BC lived a group of people that lived via hunting and the cultivation of maize, pumpkins and beans. Those valleys saw the rise of the Agrelo culture, ancestor of the Huarpes and they were later influenced greatly by the Inca empire during the 15th century. Oral tradition sets the arrival of the Inca Túpac Yupanqui to Coquimbo in 1470, puelches and other groups received a strong influence of the Mapuches. The first Spanish conquerors came around 1550 from the Viceroyalty of Peru, in 1561 Mendoza was founded by the conquistador Pedro del Castillo. Until the creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata in 1776 and he received important support from Mendoza when he led his Army of the Andes from Plumerillo to the 1817 crossing of the Andes, in his campaign to end Spanish rule in Chile. The Province of Cuyo was ultimately divided in 1820, and Mendoza parted ways with San Luis, the 1861 earthquake nearly destroyed the city of Mendoza, which had to be almost entirely reconstructed. In 1885 railways were built to the province, allowing for transport of the regions wines to the countrys trade hub of Buenos Aires. Following the development of the industry in the province around 1900, Mendoza began to grow quickly, attracting tens of thousands of European immigrants. In 1939 the National University of Cuyo, one of the more important universities of the country, was founded in the province, increasing their presence in the Mendoza Legislature, the Democrats became an obstacle to progressive Governor Ernesto Ueltschi, an ally of president Arturo Frondizis. With majorities in both houses by 1961, they had Gov. Ueltschi removed and Democrat Vice-governor Francisco Gabrielli appointed in his stead, elected governor in his own right in 1963, Gov. These events came to a head in April,1972, however, upon the return to democracy in March 1973, Mendoza voters turned to a left-leaning Peronist, Alberto Martínez Baca. Alarmed by this move from the otherwise pragmatic Martínez Baca, President Perón had him removed in June 1974, fernández and Cobos won in the first round, and Cobos became Vice President of Argentina, he was replaced by pro-Kirchner Justicialist candidate Celso Jaque as governor. The province is represented by three senators in the Argentine Senate, currently María Perceval, Ernesto Sanz and Mónica Troadello, Mendoza is represented by 10 deputies in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies. His faction of the UCR won a significant victory in the 2009 mid-term elections in Mendoza, the geography of the province descends from 6,959 metres at the summit of Aconcagua to the semi-flat lands of the east
5.
National University of Cuyo
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The National University of Cuyo is the largest center of higher education in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. It includes the University Technological Institute which offers education in four other cities in Mendoza province. Moreover, UNCuyo is also devoted to improving education due to having 7 other buildings working as High Schools, the university was established to offer tertiary education provision in the region of Cuyo. At its foundation the university was composed of some existing higher education colleges, regional affiliations were established in Human Sciences, Medicine, Agronomy and Economics in Mendoza, Engineering and Architecture in San Juan, and Natural Sciences in San Luis. These links remained in place until 1973 and that year the National University of San Juan and the National University of San Luis were established from the adjunct faculties of the National University of Cuyo already in these regions. Thereafter, the National University of Cuyo concentrated itself in Mendoza, in addition to a campus in Río Negro Province, Specialization in Costs and Management of Business Specialization in Technnology Management Specialization in Labour Unions Course of Merging, Union and Scission of Enterprises. Course of Financial Strategy Course of Foreign Trade Course of Accountings There are many others, for further information please visit, http, //www. fce. uncu. edu. Notably they found that the found in garlic and onions do not form until crushing or cutting. The research also demonstrated that steaming instead boiling is preferable as vegetables retain more of their water-soluble vitamins, Argentine universities Science and Education in Argentina Argentine Higher Education Official Site
6.
Godoy Cruz, Mendoza
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Godoy Cruz is a city in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. It has 183,000 inhabitants as per the 2001 census, Godoy Cruz was initially known as Villa de San Vicente and then as Villa Belgrano. Municipal information, Municipal Affairs Federal Institute, Municipal Affairs Secretariat, Ministry of Interior, municipality of Godoy Cruz — Official website. InterTourNet — Godoy Cruz, general and touristic information
7.
Provinces of Argentina
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Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces and one autonomous city, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation as decided by Congress. The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system, during the War of Independence the main cities and their surrounding countrysides became provinces though the intervention of their cabildos. The Anarchy of the Year XX completed this process, shaping the original thirteen provinces, Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834, and the thirteen provinces became fourteen. After seceding for a decade, Buenos Aires Province accepted the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861, a law from 1862 designated as national territories those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces. In 1884 they served as bases for the establishment of the governorates of Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuquén, Río Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego. The agreement about a dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes, its lands were incorporated into Jujuy, Salta. La Pampa and Chaco became provinces in 1951, Misiones did so in 1953, and Formosa, Neuquén, Río Negro, Chubut and Santa Cruz, in 1955. The last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Argentina is a federation of twenty-three provinces and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires. Provinces are divided for administration purposes into departments and municipalities, except for Buenos Aires Province, Buenos Aires City itself is divided into communes. Provinces hold all the power that they not to delegate to the federal government, they must be representative republics. Beyond this they are autonomous, they enact their own constitutions, freely organize their local governments. Since 1983 four provinces were intervened, namely Catamarca, Corrientes, Santiago del Estero, article 61 of the Constitution of the city of Buenos Aires states that Suffrage is free, equal, secret, universal, compulsory and not accumulative. The foreign residents enjoy this right, with the obligations, on equal terms with Argentine citizens registered in this district. Argentina is divided into seven geographical regions, many provinces having their territories across more than one. Source, Demographics of Argentina ISO 3166-2, AR, the ISO codes for the provinces of Argentina. com Argentine Provinces since 1973 at World Statesmen
8.
Governor of Buenos Aires Province
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The Governor of Buenos Aires province is a citizen of the Buenos Aires Province of Argentina, holding the office of governor for the corresponding period. The governor is elected alongside a vice-governor, currently the governor of Buenos Aires Province is Maria Eugenia Vidal since December 10,2015. For being able to be elected as governor, the citizen must have been born in Argentina, the citizen must also be of at least 30 years old, and have at least 5 uninterrupted years of residence in the province if not natural from it. The period lasts 4 years, with the chance of a single reelection
9.
Republican Proposal
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Republican Proposal is a centre-right political party in Argentina. It is usually referred to as PRO, PRO was formed as an electoral alliance in 2005, but was transformed into a unitary party on 3 June 2010. PRO began as an alliance between Commitment to Change, the party of Mauricio Macri based in Buenos Aires, and Recreate for Growth of Ricardo López Murphy and it was created ahead of the legislative elections of 23 October 2005. At the 2005 elections the alliance won nine of the 127 elected deputies, other provincial center-right parties joined under the Recrear banner within PRO. Macri and López Murphy had been in discussions with Governor Jorge Sobisch, leader of the Neuquino Peoples Movement, another leading center-right politician, Macri is the President of the alliance. In the June 2007 elections in the city of Buenos Aires, PRO decisively won the election, with Macri becoming Head of Government and the alliance taking 15 of the 30 seats in the city legislature. In the October 2007 Presidential and legislative elections, PRO did not officially back a candidate but gave tacit support to the bid of López Murphy, López Murphy did poorly gaining just 1. 45% of the vote. PRO and its allies stood in the elections and made a net gain of 2 seats in the Chamber of Deputies winning 6 seats overall. However, its 13% share of the vote in October 2007 in the city of Buenos Aires contrasted with its 44% share just a few months previously in the city elections. In August 2009, Recreate for Growth gave up its independence and was completely absorbed by the Republican Proposal. On 3 June 2010, the alliance became recognized as a political party. Republican Proposal joined the International Democrat Union on 17 January 2017, PRO is a centre right party by Argentinian standards. It supports lower taxes, deregulation, free trade and Macri has expressed opposition to the nationalization of the countrys airline, when he got to the presidency, he started his economic agenda by liberalizing foreign exchange and imports controls, cutting personal income taxes and slashing utilities subsidies. Even though the majority of deputies of PRO voted against same-sex marriage
10.
Cambiemos
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Cambiemos is an Argentine big tent political coalition created in 2015. It is composed of the Republican Proposal, the Radical Civic Union, on 9 August 2015 Mauricio Macri was elected as the candidate who would represent Cambiemos in the presidential election, on 22 November he won the presidential election. Initially, the pre-candidates Mauricio Macri, Daniel Scioli, and Sergio Massa had a tie in the polls for the 2015 presidential election. The other parties created a coalition, the Broad Front UNEN. Elisa Carrió, leader of the Civic Coalition, left UNEN, both of them would run in the primary elections. The Radical Civic Union was divided, Ernesto Sanz proposed to join Macri as well, the party held a convention to decide what to do, and Sanzs proposal prevailed. Thus, the UCR left UNEN and joined the PRO-CC, the new coalition was named Cambiemos, suggesting a change from the 12-year long rule of center-left Kirchnerists. Macri, Sanz, and Carrió ran to be the nominee in the elections with Macri winning by a wide margin. He won the election against the Kirchnerite candidate Daniel Scioli in a ballotage. In lower-level posts, Horacio Rodríguez Larreta was elected as Macris replacement, alfredo Cornejo and Gerardo Morales became governors of Mendoza and Jujuy Provinces, respectively. María Eugenia Vidal defeated Aníbal Fernández and became the governor of the populous Buenos Aires Province, ending 28 years of Peronist control
11.
Justicialist Party
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The Justicialist Party, or PJ, is a Peronist political party in Argentina, and the largest component of the Peronist movement. The party was led by Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina from 2003 to 2007, former presidents Carlos Menem, Eduardo Duhalde, and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner are members. Justicialists have, covering nearly the entire period since 1989, been the largest party in the Congress. The Justicialist Party is the largest party in the Congress, however, this does not reflect the divisions within the party over the role of Kirchnerism, while dissident Peronists, the right-wing faction of the party is in opposition with other parties. The Justicialist Party was founded in 1947 by Juan and Evita Perón, following the enactment of womens right to vote in 1948, a Peronist Womens Party, led by the First Lady, was also established. His tenure also favored technical schools while harassing university staff, and these trends earned Peronism the loyalty of much of the working and lower classes, but helped alienate the upper and middle class sectors of society. Censorship and repression intensified, and following his loss of support from the influential Catholic Church, during Peróns exile, it became a big tent party united almost solely by their support for the aging leaders return. A series of violent incidents, as well as Peróns negotiations with both the regime and diverse political factions, helped lead to his return to Argentina in 1973. An impasse followed in which the PJ had a place both for leftist armed organizations such as Montoneros, and far-right factions such as José López Regas Argentine Anti-Communist Alliance. Following Peróns death in 1974, however, this tenuous understanding disintegrated, in the first democratic elections after the end of the dictatorship of the National Reorganization Process, in 1983, the Justicialist Party lost to the Radical Civic Union. Six years later, it returned to power with Carlos Menem, Menem adopted neoliberal right-wing policies which changed the overall image of the party. Justicialist Eduardo Duhalde, chosen by Congress, ruled during 2002, the 2003 elections saw the constituency of the party split in three, as Carlos Menem, Néstor Kirchner and Adolfo Rodríguez Saá ran for the presidency leading different party coalitions. After Kirchners victory, the party started to align behind his leadership, Kirchners side allied with other minor forces and presented itself as a heterodox, left-leaning Front for Victory, while Duhaldes side stuck to older Peronist tradition. Néstor Kirchner proposed the entry of the party into the Socialist International in February 2008 and his dominance of the party was undermined, however, by the 2008 Argentine government conflict with the agricultural sector, when a bill raising export taxes was introduced with presidential support. The Justicialist Party was, since its foundation, a Peronist catch-all party, however, another wing of the party was well more than the left-wing because of extraction, Socialist or radical, which was headed by Héctor José Cámpora. In the years 6070 was also active in the movement of the Montoneros. This line continued even after the dictatorship of the National Reorganization Process. Since the return of Peron in 1973 the party actually had already moved to Third Position left-wing of Argentine political spectrum, in 2003 the party has undergone an abrupt turnaround, with the rise of a faction, known as the Front for Victory, led by Néstor Kirchner
12.
Front for Victory
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The Front for Victory is a center-left Peronist electoral alliance in Argentina, and it is formally a faction of the Justicialist Party. Both the former President Néstor Kirchner and the former President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner belong to this party, the party was led by Néstor Kirchner until his death in 2010. The Front for Victory is ideologically identified with what has been called Kirchnerism, legally, the Front should not be confused with the Party for Victory, which is just one of the political parties in it. At the 2007 presidential election, FPV rallied through the Plural Consensus alliance, with 11,864,456 votes, Cristina Fernández also became the most voted person in the history of Argentine democracy, and the FPV achieved a first-time third consecutive mandate for a Peronist alliance. At the 2013 legislative election, the FPV and its allies won the elections. The Front for Victory has a Declaration of Principles headed by the motto, Argentina, conviction, at that time Front of Victory had the decisive support of the leaders of Buenos Aires with involvement of the duhaldismo, political force of whom until then was President Eduardo Duhalde. The decision to move against corporate economic, agricultural and livestock sector employers of soybean roots caused the confrontation, afterwards a swap debt is performed, which began renegotiations for the bonds that had been in default since 2001. As a symbol of his administration, pursued a policy to promote human rights. To carry it out, supporters in Congress voted the cancellation of the laws of Due Obedience and Full Stop and this decision was subsequently ratified by the Judicial. Regarding international policy, in November of that year was held in Mar del Plata the IV Summit of the Americas and this is considered the foundational moment for UNASUR. Nestor Carlos Kirchner died on October 27,2010, on July 18,2007, Senator of FPV, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner was presented for the presidential elections of October. On October 28, the candidate of the Front for Victory, Cristina Fernandez won the election with 45. 29%. The formula was imposed in almost all districts and thus became the first woman elected to the office of President of Argentina. She assumed this role on December 10,2007, one of the first steps taken by President Fernandez was the creation of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, designating responsible Lino Barañao, a renowned molecular biologist. This caused a conflict with the estate owners from the agricultural sector. This benefit was extended to pregnant women over 12 weeks gestation, along with these, there were also redistributive public policies, such as increasing the percentage of GDP spent on education which grew from 3. 64% in 2003 to 6. 02% in 2010. It also promoted the adoption of the Law of mobility retirement, also through another law, renationalized the Military Aircraft Factory, given under concession to U. S. company Lockheed Martin in 1995. In 2009, the parliament sent the draft Law on Audiovisual Communication Services, which came to displace the old Media Law, - Finally the bill was passed by a comfortable majority in both legislative chambers
13.
Juan Schiaretti
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Juan Schiaretti known as El Gringo, is an Argentine accountant and Justicialist Party politician. He served as governor of the Province of Córdoba between 2007 and 2011, Schiaretti was born in Córdoba, Argentina, to Julia Álamo and Dante Schiaretti. His father was a worker and Peronist activist descended from immigrants from Parma. He was imprisoned after the coup which toppled President Juan Perón in 1955. He enrolled at the School of Economic Sciences of the National University of Córdoba and he married a fellow political activist and had two children. Schiaretti was threatened by the Triple A and in 1975, moved with his family to Neuquén, the military coup of 1976 forced him into exile in Brazil. He worked as a salesman then found work as an assistant at Fiat in Belo Horizonte. He stayed with the company and rose to be deputy director of administration, Schiaretti returned to Argentina in 1984, and separated from his wife. Schiaretti married Córdoba politician Alejandra María Vigo, secretary general of the Córdoba section of the housewives union, in 2003, Schiaretti was elected vice-governor of his province with José Manuel de la Sota as governor. In 2007, upon de la Sotas retirement, Schiaretti stood for the governorship for the Justicialist Party in the Union for Córdoba Coalition and his principal opponent was the Mayor of Córdoba, Luis Juez and Schiaretti trailed in the polls for some time. In the 2007 election, there were claims of electoral fraud, ahead of the legislative elections of June 2009, he announced he would be running his own list for the National Congress, headed by Eduardo Mondino, in opposition to the Kirchners Front for Victory
14.
Gerardo Morales (politician)
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Gerardo Rubén Morales is an Argentine politician, leader of the Radical Civic Union. He is a member of the Argentine Senate representing Jujuy Province and he was a candidate for Vice President of Argentina on Roberto Lavagnas UNA ticket in the 2007 elections. Morales was born in Jujuy Province and he worked on the Ferrocarril General Manuel Belgrano railway as a waiter at age 18, and was promoted to the post of administrator. He enrolled at the National University of Jujuy, where he earned a degree in Accountancy, Morales was later appointed Director of Liquidations at the Provincial Insurance Institute. He also lectured and was active at university, teaching in Political Economy courses from 1985 to 1993. He married in 1985, and had three children, he admitted to past infidelities in a 2008 interview, in 1989 Morales was elected as a provincial deputy and in 1993 became leader of the UCR block in the legislature. He served as president of the Finance Committee in 1991 and 1992 and he was nominated for Vice Governor of Jujuy in a defeated 1991 UCR ticket, and with the support of party leader Raúl Alfonsín, ran for Governor of Jujuy in 1995 and 1999, albeit unsuccessfully. He stepped down as a Jujuy Congressman in 2000 to join the government of President Fernando de la Rúa as Secretary for Social Development. Morales was elected to the Argentine Senate in 2001 mid-term elections, after the election of Néstor Kirchner as President of Argentina in 2003, many leading Radicals publicly supported Kirchners populist left-wing agenda. The group, known as Radicales K, included provincial governors, the national president of the Radicals, Roberto Iglesias took a hard-line approach against Kirchner, however, opposing efforts to re-align UCR elected officials toward the popular Kirchner. Morales, who supported Iglesias policy, was re-elected to the Senate in 2005, Iglesias led negotiations to find a suitable candidate for the UCR to back in the 2007 Presidential elections against Kirchners wife and FpV nominee, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. Roberto Lavagna, a minister under Kirchner who subsequently opposed his policies. The UCR National Committee appointed Morales as its new president in December 2006, Morales supported the partys Rosario convention, in which Alfonsíns call for an alliance with Lavagna was adopted into the party platform. He became Lavagnas running mate in the election of October 2007, on a centrist electoral front known as An Advanced Nation. Morales entered subsequently into a political dispute with Milagro Sala. He was attacked in 2009, though without injury, by two youths tied to the association, and filed charges against their leader, Sala, who denied involvement, alleged that the accusations were politically and racially motivated. She responded with demands that Morales estate be investigated, and each exchanged accusations of corruption, Morales was elected leader of the UCR Caucus in the Senate in December 2009, he succeeded Ernesto Sanz, who replaced Morales as President of the partys National Committee. Morales was elected governor in 2016, expecting protests from Milagro Sala, he requested policial reinforcements to the national government, to prevent riots during the end of the year
15.
Carlos Verna
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Carlos Alberto Verna is an Argentine Justicialist Party politician, governor of La Pampa Province. Verna entered public service as Mayor of General Pico, and was elected to the Argentine Senate for La Pampa in 1993, and later became Chairman of the Budget Committee. He won the 2003 gubernatorial election with the support of President Carlos Menem, against the candidate of the Front for Victory faction of the Justicialist Party, Néstor Ahuad. Verna was not close to fellow Peronist President Néstor Kirchner, and was likely to be challenged by his own party if he attempted to be re-elected in 2007. He was, moreover, implicated in the scandal concerning public SIDE funds diverted to senators by the government of Fernando de la Rúa for their support of a labor law flexibilization bill in 2000. Consequently, Verna declared he would not seek political office following the end of his term in 2007, Verna was reurned to his former seat in the Senate in 2009, he campaigned with markedly anti-Kirchnerist rhetoric in the heavily agrarian province. Maintaining long-standing differences with President Cristina Kirchner from her days in the Senate and he ran for a new term as governor of La Pampa in 2015. He first defeated the Kirchnerite Fabián Bruna, proposed by the governor Óscar Jorge for the primary elections
16.
Alberto Weretilneck
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Alberto Weretilneck is the current governor of Río Negro Province, Argentina. Born in El Bolsón, Río Negro, he joined the center-left Broad Front and he became a supporter of Kirchnerism and was elected Vicegovernor in 2011, he was also named Vice President of the Broad Front on December 17, serving with Adriana Puiggrós. Elected with Soria that September in a landslide, Weretilneck became governor on January 1,2012, during his first term the Viedma Riverwalk was built, as well as the repavement of Routes 3 and 251. Governor Weretilneck was comfortably reelected to a term in 2015. His Juntos Somos Río Negro alliance defeated the Front for Victory candidate, Senator Miguel Ángel Pichetto, by 53% to 34%
17.
Broad Front (Argentina)
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The Broad Front is a left-wing political party in Argentina most prominent in the 1990s. In 1990 the rebel Justicialists, having formed FredeJuSo, came together with the Communist Party of Argentina, Álvarez proposed forming a unified party and dissolving the constituent members, thus automatically excluding the Communists, who left. In May 1993 they joined with Frente del Sur, a party set up by film-maker Pino Solanas, to form the Frente Grande. In the 1993 elections, the partys list in the city of Buenos Aires gained 38% of the vote and several deputies were elected around the country, including Álvarez, Meijide, Solanas left the party a short while later over personal differences. In spring 1994, Álvarez led the Frente Grande into a new alliance, frePaSo would continue the success of the Frente Grande and propel Álvarez to be vice-president of the country. What remained of the Front swung behind the Kirchners ruling Front for Victory, at the 2005 legislative elections, however, some sections of the Front joined the Encuentro Amplio with other left-wing parties in Buenos Aires and Buenos Aires Province. The coalition did badly and lost its national representation. In 2007, members of the Front including María José Bongiorno were elected as part of the Front for Victory, of its leading figures, Nilda Garré serves as Minister of Defense and party leader Eduardo Sigal is a junior official in the sub-secretariat of American Economic Integration and Mercosur. In 2012, the party had 161,050 members, making it the third largest party nationwide
18.
Federal Peronism
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Dissident Peronism is more properly used to refer to the Peronist opposition to the administrations and party leadership of left-leaning Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. He resigned a week later, however, after failing to support from other factions of Peronism, from organized labor. The former Governor of Buenos Aires Province and runner-up in the 1999 general election, after attempting to endorse other candidates, Duhalde threw his support behind the little-known Governor of Santa Cruz Province, Néstor Kirchner. Menem and Kirchner emerged as the candidates, but the former President withdrew on May 14 as he anticipated a landslide defeat. The alliance between President Kirchner and Duhalde had been dissolved by the 2005 mid-term elections, Kirchner and Duhalde fielded their respective wives, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and Hilda González de Duhalde, as leaders of their party lists in Buenos Aires Province. He thus established Federal Peronism on November 4,2005, and they later backed Alberto Rodríguez Saás conservative Peronist candidacy in the 2007 presidential elections, where Mrs. Kirchner was elected to succeed her husband with 45% of the vote. Dissident Peronism was united by its opposition to Kirchners Front for Victory, among the early leaders in Dissident Peronism also included Misiones Province Senator Ramón Puerta, Buenos Aires Province Congressman Carlos Ruckauf, and union leader Luis Barrionuevo. Barrionuevo, unlike most members of the CGT, was allied with Menem, the defections, which included 16 Lower House members and 4 Senators, thus resulted in the reemergence of Federal Peronism. The elections resulted in a setback for the governing, center-left Front for Victory and its allies, former President Néstor Kirchner stood as head of the FpV party list in the important Buenos Aires Province. Federal Peronism emerged from the 2009 mid-term elections with 45 Congressmen and 10 Senators, becoming the fourth and third-largest caucus in each house, the alliance began preparations for the 2011 elections by agreeing to a primary election for April 3, thereby uniting behind a single candidate. An alliance with PRO was also considered, Mauricio Macri expressed unwillingness to accept a running mate from outside PRO ranks. They finished third and fourth place in the October general election with 8% and 6% of the total vote, Governor José Manuel de la Sota of Córdoba Province formally became a dissident Peronist in September 2012 by establishing a local Justicialist Party faction opposed to Kirchnerism
