1.
...All This Time
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. All This Time is a live album and concert film by Sting, recorded and filmed on 11 September 2001. It was recorded at Stings Villa Il Palagio in Italy in front of an audience drawn from his fan club and features live versions of Stings songs from his Police. The album and video get their name from the song of the name from his album The Soul Cages. As Sting wanted to put together a concert in his home, he enlisted a group of musicians to practice, the group performed the concert as originally intended, although Sting indicates on the DVD documentary the tone of the evening was quite different from how it was originally intended. Additionally, the Desert Rose performance featuring vocalist Cheb Mami was canceled due to the same circumstances, as a result of the tragic events, the concert was dedicated to those who lost their lives that day. Inside the CD booklet, upon the first page, is stated, This album was recorded on September 11,2001, and is respectfully dedicated to all those who lost their lives on that day. Thereafter, the lyrics for the included song Fragile are also transcribed, of the song list comprising the CD. All songs written by Sting, except where noted, Fragile –4,35 A Thousand Years –3,01 Perfect Love. It also includes rehearsals and a documentary of the making of the CD
2.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
3.
Sting (musician)
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Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner, CBE, better known by his stage name Sting, is an English musician, singer, songwriter, and actor. He was the songwriter, lead singer, and bassist for the new wave rock band The Police from 1977 to 1984. He has included elements of rock, jazz, reggae, classical, new-age and he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2002 and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Police in 2003. In 2000, he received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for recording, in 2003, Sting received a CBE from Elizabeth II at Buckingham Palace for services to music, and was made a Kennedy Center Honoree at the White House in 2014. He was awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2017, with The Police, Sting became one of the worlds best-selling music artists. Solo and with The Police combined, he has sold over 100 million records, in 2006, Paste ranked him 62nd of the 100 best living songwriters. He was 63rd of VH1s 100 greatest artists of rock, and he grew up near Wallsends shipyards, which made an impression on him. At eight or ten years old, he was inspired by the Queen Mother waving at him from a Rolls-Royce to divert from the shipyard prospect towards a more glamorous life. He helped his father deliver milk and by ten was obsessed with an old Spanish guitar left by a friend of his father. He attended St Cuthberts Grammar School in Newcastle upon Tyne and he visited nightclubs such as Club AGogo to see Cream and Manfred Mann, who influenced his music. After being a bus conductor, building labourer and tax officer, he attended Northern Counties College of Education from 1971 to 1974 and he taught at St Pauls First School in Cramlington for two years. Sting performed jazz in the evening, weekends and during breaks from college and he played with the Phoenix Jazzmen, Newcastle Big Band, and Last Exit. He gained his nickname after his habit of wearing a black, bandleader Gordon Solomon thought he looked like a bee, which prompted the name Sting. In the 1985 documentary Bring on the Night a journalist called him Gordon, to which he replied, My children call me Sting, my mother calls me Sting, in Time in 2011 he said, I was never called Gordon. You could shout Gordon in the street and I would just move out of your way, in January 1977, Sting moved from Newcastle to London and joined Stewart Copeland and Henry Padovani to form The Police. From 1978 to 1983 they had five UK chart-topping albums, won six Grammy Awards and their initial sound was punk-inspired, but they switched to reggae rock and minimalist pop. Their final album, Synchronicity, was nominated for five Grammy Awards including Album of the Year and it included their most successful song, Every Breath You Take, written by Sting, in 1983. While never formally breaking up, after Synchronicity the group agreed to concentrate on solo projects, as the years went by, the band members, particularly Sting, dismissed the possibility of reforming
4.
The Soul Cages
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The Soul Cages is the third full-length studio album released by Sting. Released in 1991, it became his second No.1 album in the United Kingdom, the album was dedicated to Stings recently deceased father who died in the late 1980s. The Soul Cages is an album in which the songs are a reflection of his relationship with his father. It spawned four singles, All This Time, Mad About You, Why Should I Cry for You, the title track won Sting the first ever Grammy Award for Best Rock Song in 1992. The Soul Cages is an album focused on the death of Stings father. The first song written for The Soul Cages was Why Should I Cry for You, most of the songs have motifs related to sailing or the seas There are also references to Newcastle, the part of England where Sting grew up. Album opener Island of Souls tells the story of Billy, the first son in a line of riveters. All This Time chronicles Billys desire to bury his father at sea, the middle section of the record focuses mainly on the town Billy lives in and its people, before the highly introspective Why Should I Cry for You. The character of Billy is referred to in the person for the first three songs and in the first person for the last three songs. In an interview with Charlie Rose aired on 10 December 2010, Sting mentioned that he was working on a mood piece, a musical project and book in collaboration with Pulitzer winner Brian Yorkey. The work would be based on an album he released many years ago concerning the loss of his father, growing up in Newcastle and he admitted being scared of the prospect of pulling it all together but expressed confidence in it working out. This project has since been confirmed as the musical The Last Ship At the time this album appeared, Sting, a committed environmentalist, wanted to eliminate the amount of cardboard waste caused by the longbox. The original packaging was a cardboard case that could be modified to look like a longbox. In Germany, the CD was sold in cases as well as longboxes. The cover painting was a work by the Scottish artist Steven Campbell. Until the release of Symphonicities in July 2010, The Soul Cages was the studio album by Sting not to feature a photograph of himself on the cover. Some pressings erroneously list Why Should I Cry for You before Jeremiah Blues
5.
A-side and B-side
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The terms A-side and B-side refer to the two sides of 78,45, and 33 1/3 rpm phonograph records, whether singles, extended plays, or long-playing records. Creedence Clearwater Revival had hits with both A-side and B-side releases, others took the opposite approach, producer Phil Spector was in the habit of filling B-sides with on-the-spot instrumentals that no one would confuse with the A-side. With this practice, Spector was assured that airplay was focused on the side he wanted to be the hit side, the earliest 10-inch,78 rpm, shellac records were single sided. Double-sided recordings, with one song on side, were introduced in Europe by Columbia Records. There were no record charts until the 1930s, and radio stations did not play recorded music until the 1950s, in this time, A-sides and B-sides existed, but neither side was considered more important, the side did not convey anything about the content of the record. The term single came into use with the advent of vinyl records in the early 1950s. At first, most record labels would randomly assign which song would be an A-side, under this random system, many artists had so-called double-sided hits, where both songs on a record made one of the national sales charts, or would be featured on jukeboxes in public places. As time wore on, however, the convention for assigning songs to sides of the record changed. By the early sixties, the song on the A-side was the song that the company wanted radio stations to play. It was not until 1968, for instance, that the production of albums on a unit basis finally surpassed that of singles in the United Kingdom. In the late 1960s stereo versions of pop and rock songs began to appear on 45s. The majority of the 45s were played on AM radio stations, by the early 1970s, double-sided hits had become rare. Album sales had increased, and B-sides had become the side of the record where non-album, non-radio-friendly, with the advent of cassette and compact disc singles in the late 1980s, the A-side/B-side differentiation became much less meaningful. With the decline of cassette singles in the 1990s, the A-side/B-side dichotomy became virtually extinct, as the dominant medium. However, the term B-side is still used to refer to the tracks or coupling tracks on a CD single. With the advent of downloading music via the Internet, sales of CD singles and other media have declined. B-side songs may be released on the record as a single to provide extra value for money. There are several types of material released in this way, including a different version, or, in a concept record
6.
7" single
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
7.
Audio cassette
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The Compact Cassette or Musicassette, also commonly called cassette tape, audio cassette, or simply tape or cassette, is an analog magnetic tape recording format for audio recording and playback. It was released by Philips in 1962, having developed in Hasselt. Compact cassettes come in two forms, either already containing content as a cassette, or as a fully recordable blank cassette. Its uses ranged from portable audio to home recording to data storage for early microcomputers, the first cassette player designed for use in car dashes was introduced in 1968. Between the early 1970s and the early 2000s, the cassette was one of the two most common formats for prerecorded music, first alongside the LP record and later the compact disc. Compact Cassettes contain two miniature spools, between which a magnetically coated, polyester-type plastic film is passed and wound and these spools and their attendant parts are held inside a protective plastic shell. This reversal is achieved either by flipping the cassette, or by having the machine itself change the direction of tape movement. In 1935, decades before the introduction of the Compact Cassette, AEG released the first reel-to-reel tape recorder and it was based on the invention of the magnetic tape by Fritz Pfleumer, which used similar technology but with open reels. These instruments were expensive and relatively difficult to use and were therefore used mostly by professionals in radio stations. In 1958, following four years of development, RCA Victor introduced the stereo, quarter-inch, reversible, however, it was a large cassette, and offered few pre-recorded tapes. Despite the multiple versions, it failed, consumer use of tape only took off in the early 1960s, after playback machines reached a comfortable, user-friendly design. This was achieved primarily by the introduction of transistors which replaced the bulky, fragile, reel-to-reel tape then became more suitable to household use, but still remained an esoteric product. The team at Philips was led by Lou Ottens in Hasselt, Philips was competing with Telefunken and Grundig in a race to establish its cassette tape as the worldwide standard, and it wanted support from Japanese electronics manufacturers. However, the Philips Compact Cassette became dominant as a result of Philips decision to license the format free of charge, Philips also released the Norelco Carry-Corder 150 recorder/player in the US in November 1964. By 1966 over 250,000 recorders had been sold in the US alone, by 1968,85 manufacturers had sold over 2.4 million players. By the end of the 1960s, the business was worth an estimated 150 million dollars. In the early years sound quality was mediocre, but it improved dramatically by the early 1970s when it caught up with the quality of 8-track tape, the Compact Cassette went on to become a popular alternative to the 12-inch vinyl LP during the late 1970s. The mass production of blank Compact Cassettes began in 1964 in Hanover, prerecorded music cassettes were launched in Europe in late 1965
8.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
9.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
10.
A&M Records
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A&M Records was an American record label founded as an independent label by Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss in 1962. Due to the success of the discography A&M released, the label garnered interest and was acquired by PolyGram in 1989. Today, A&Ms catalog releases are managed by Verve Records, Universal Music Enterprises, A&M Records was formed in 1962 by Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss. Their first choice for a name was Carnival Records, under which they released two singles before discovering another label had already taken the Carnival name, the company was subsequently renamed A&M, after Alperts and Mosss initials. From 1966 to 1999, the headquarters were on the grounds of the historic Charlie Chaplin Studios at 1416 North La Brea Avenue. Marc Benno, Liza Minnelli, Rita Coolidge, Wes Montgomery, Paul Desmond, Bobby Tench, Hummingbird, Toni Basil, folk artists Joan Baez, Phil Ochs and Gene Clark also recorded for the label during the 1970s. Billy Preston joined the label in 1971, followed by Andre Popp, in the 1970s, under its manufacturing and distribution agreement with Ode Records, A&M released albums by Carole King and the comedy duo Cheech & Chong. On March 10,1977, A&M signed the Sex Pistols after the band had dropped by EMI. However, A&M dropped the band within a week, within a decade of its inception, A&M became the worlds largest independent record company. A&M releases were issued in the United Kingdom by EMIs Stateside Records label. From 1969, A&M set up their own UK base appointing John Deacon as General Manager - a post he held until 1979, A&M releases were also issued in Australia through Festival Records until 1989. A&M Records Ltd. was established in 1970, with distribution handled by other labels with a presence in Europe, A&M Records of Canada Ltd. was also formed in 1970, and A&M Records of Europe in 1977. In 1979, A&M entered an agreement with RCA Records in the USA. A&M was bought by PolyGram in 1989, Alpert and Moss continued to manage the label until 1993. In 1998, Alpert and Moss sued PolyGram for breach of the integrity clause, in 1991, A&M launched Perspective Records as a joint venture with producing team Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis. Jam and Lewis stepped down as CEOs of the imprint in 1997, in 1999, the label was absorbed into A&M. In the mid-1990s, A&M began distributing its PolyGram sister label Polydor Records in the USA, ceCe Peniston, Intelligent Hoodlum, Dred Scott, Ridel High and the Gin Blossoms. The company released the soundtracks Robin Hood, Prince of Thieves, The Three Musketeers, Sabrina, The Living Sea, Demolition Man, and Lethal Weapon 3
11.
Songwriter
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A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
12.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
13.
They Dance Alone
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They Dance Alone is a protest song composed by English musician Sting and published first on his 1987 album. Nothing Like the Sun, the song was the fifth and final single released from the album. The song is a metaphor referring to mourning Chilean women who dance the Cueca, Sting was accompanied by Eric Clapton, Fareed Haque and Mark Knopfler on guitar with Rubén Blades providing additional Spanish vocals. Sting explained his song as a gesture of protest against the Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet whose regime killed thousands of people between 1973 and 1990. This song was recorded in both English and Spanish and this latter version was titled Ellas Danzan Solas and was released on the 1988 EP Nada como el sol. ISBN 978-0-385-33987-2 Marjorie Agosín, Tapestries of hope, threads of love, ISBN 978-0-7425-4003-3 Billboard review from the From Chile. An Embrace To Hope concert in Santiago de Chile
14.
1991 in music
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List of notable events in music that took place in the year 1991. The single has been rushed to market in response to the imminent Gulf War,16 January – The sixth annual Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction ceremony is held in New York. The event goes forward despite an atmosphere due to the Presidents announcement of the Gulf War the same evening. The inductees are Ike & Tina Turner, Jimmy Reed, John Lee Hooker, LaVern Baker, The Byrds, The Impressions, Wilson Pickett and Howlin Wolf. 18 January – Three people are crushed to death during an AC/DC concert in Salt Lake City, Utah, 18–27 January – The massive nine-day festival Rock in Rio II is held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The headliners are Prince, INXS, Guns N Roses, New Kids on the Block, George Michael and Happy Mondays. 19 January – Janet Jackson with seventh single from Janet Jacksons Rhythm Nation 1814, Love Will Never Do,27 January – Whitney Houston sings The Star-Spangled Banner at the Super Bowl. The recording is released and becomes a hit single. 31 January – DJ Magazine is founded,27 February – James Brown is granted an early parole and released from jail, following his arrest after a high-speed car chase through two states in 1989. Pop Will Eat Itself documented the affair with their song, Not Now James,28 February – Hollywoods Record Plant Studios recording studio closes down. Among the albums recorded at the Record Plant were The Eagles Hotel California, Fleetwood Macs Rumours,11 March – Janet Jackson signs a $30 million contract with Virgin Records, making her the highest paid female recording artist ever. 16 March – Seven members of country music singer Reba McEntires band and her road manager are killed when their plane crashes in California. McEntire travels on a separate plane,20 March Michael Jackson signs a contract with Sony for 1 billion dollars. Eric Claptons four-year-old son, Conor, dies after falling 49 stories from a New York City apartment window,24 March – The Black Crowes are dropped as the opening act of ZZ Tops tour for repeatedly insulting the tours sponsor, Miller Beer. 27 March – New Kids on the Block star Donnie Wahlberg is arrested in Louisville,28 March – George Harrison, Phil Collins and others attend funeral services for Eric Claptons late son, Conor. 28 April – Bonnie Raitt marries actor Michael OKeefe in New York,4 May – The Eurovision Song Contest 1991 is held in Rome, Italy and, after a highly controversial voting segment, Swedens Fångad av en stormvind by Carola is declared the winner. 7 May – In Macon, Georgia, a judge dismisses a wrongful lawsuit against Ozzy Osbourne. The suit was filed by a couple that believed their son was inspired to attempt suicide by Osbournes music
15.
Billboard Hot 100
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The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales, radio play and online streaming, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday, when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming data, is available on a real-time basis. A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays, as of the issue for the week ending on April 15,2017, the Hot 100 has had 1,061 different number one hits. The current number one song is Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, prior to 1955, Billboard did not have a unified, all-encompassing popularity chart, instead measuring songs by individual metrics. At the start of the era in 1955, three such charts existed, Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1936. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country, Most Played by Jockeys was Billboards original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys, Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States. On the week ending November 12,1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time, the Top 100 combined all aspects of a singles performance, based on a point system that typically gave sales more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers In Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart. The week ending July 28,1958 was the publication of the Most Played By Jockeys and Top 100 charts. On August 4,1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart, the Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13,1958. The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a songs popularity is measured in the United States, the Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and streaming activity provided by online music sources. There are several component charts that contribute to the calculation of the Hot 100. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data. Hot Singles Sales, the top selling singles compiled from a sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled. The chart is released weekly and measures sales of commercial singles. With the decline in sales of singles in the US
16.
Burial at sea
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Burial at sea is the disposal of human remains in the ocean, normally from a ship or boat. It is regularly performed by navies, and is done by citizens in many countries. Burial-at-sea services are available at different locations and with many different customs. Usually, either the captain of the ship or aircraft or a religious representative performs the ceremony, the ceremony may include burial in a casket, burial sewn in sailcloth, burial in an urn, or scattering of the cremated remains by ship. Burial at sea by aircraft is usually only with cremated remains. Other types of burial at sea include the mixing of the ashes with concrete, below is a list of religions that allow burial at sea, with some details of the burial. However, beliefs and views may differ within the same religion, there are very few traditional Buddhist burials at sea. Traditionally, the deceased are cremated and the ashes are placed in a grave or columbarium, particularly in East Asian or Mahayana Buddhism, a physical gravesite is considered important for the conduct of memorial and ancestor rites. The Buddhist Churches of America, the North American branch of Japanese Jodo Shinshu Buddhism, has created a service for Buddhist burials at sea, primarily for military service members. In Thailand ashes are placed in a wreath with lit candles and floated off to sea from a vessel followed by a procession of mourning wreaths. Officially, the Roman Catholic Church prefers normal casket burials over cremations, catholics believe it is not proper to scatter or pour the cremated remains over the sea, water, or on the land. According to the Roman Catholic Church this action does not give due respect to the remains of the deceased, nor does it allow for the closure and healing of family and friends. Burial at sea in a casket or in an urn is approved for cases where the deceased expired in the sea, the committal prayer number 406§4 is used in this case. The Anglican Communion has detailed procedures for burial at sea, the ship has to be stopped, and the body has to be sewn in canvas, suitably weighted. Anglican chaplains of the Royal Navy bury cremated remains of personnel at sea. Scattering of cremated remains is discouraged, not least for practical reasons, many Lutheran naval veterans and seamen prefer to be buried at sea. In those cases either the casket or urn is set to sea, the procedure is similar as that with Anglican. Some parishes have specific consecrated sea areas where ashes can be sprinkled, traditionally, the deceased are cremated, the bones and ashes are collected, and the ashes/remains are immersed in the Ganges River if possible or in any other river if not
17.
Brand New Day (Sting album)
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Brand New Day is the sixth solo studio album by British singer-songwriter Sting, released by A&M Records on 24 September 1999. Fueled heavily by the success of the single, Desert Rose. Upon its release, Brand New Day was a critical and commercial success, the album earned Sting a Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album and his third Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for the title track. Originally, Stings usual producer Hugh Padgham was to produce the album, but Sting was happy with the work done by Kipper, the full version of The End of the Game was included on the single for Brand New Day and the DTS and DVD-Audio releases of the album. The music video for the track is a parody of bleach commercials. All tracks written by Sting, except where noted
18.
All This Time (Sting album)
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. All This Time is a live album and concert film by Sting, recorded and filmed on 11 September 2001. It was recorded at Stings Villa Il Palagio in Italy in front of an audience drawn from his fan club and features live versions of Stings songs from his Police. The album and video get their name from the song of the name from his album The Soul Cages. As Sting wanted to put together a concert in his home, he enlisted a group of musicians to practice, the group performed the concert as originally intended, although Sting indicates on the DVD documentary the tone of the evening was quite different from how it was originally intended. Additionally, the Desert Rose performance featuring vocalist Cheb Mami was canceled due to the same circumstances, as a result of the tragic events, the concert was dedicated to those who lost their lives that day. Inside the CD booklet, upon the first page, is stated, This album was recorded on September 11,2001, and is respectfully dedicated to all those who lost their lives on that day. Thereafter, the lyrics for the included song Fragile are also transcribed, of the song list comprising the CD. All songs written by Sting, except where noted, Fragile –4,35 A Thousand Years –3,01 Perfect Love. It also includes rehearsals and a documentary of the making of the CD
19.
September 11 attacks
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The September 11 attacks were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda on the United States on the morning of Tuesday, September 11,2001. The attacks killed 2,996 people, injured over 6,000 others, two of the planes, American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175, were crashed into the North and South towers, respectively, of the World Trade Center complex in New York City. A third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, was crashed into the Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia and it was the deadliest incident for firefighters and law enforcement officers in the history of the United States, with 343 and 72 killed respectively. Suspicion for the attack fell on al-Qaeda. The United States responded to the attacks by launching the War on Terror and invading Afghanistan to depose the Taliban, many countries strengthened their anti-terrorism legislation and expanded the powers of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to prevent terrorist attacks. Although al-Qaedas leader, Osama bin Laden, initially denied any involvement, al-Qaeda and bin Laden cited U. S. support of Israel, the presence of U. S. troops in Saudi Arabia, and sanctions against Iraq as motives. Having evaded capture for almost a decade, bin Laden was located and killed by SEAL Team Six of the U. S. Navy in May 2011. S. many closings, evacuations, and cancellations followed, out of respect or fear of further attacks. Cleanup of the World Trade Center site was completed in May 2002, on November 18,2006, construction of One World Trade Center began at the World Trade Center site. The building was opened on November 3,2014. The origins of al-Qaeda can be traced to 1979 when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, Osama bin Laden traveled to Afghanistan and helped organize Arab mujahideen to resist the Soviets. Under the guidance of Ayman al-Zawahiri, bin Laden became more radical, in 1996, bin Laden issued his first fatwā, calling for American soldiers to leave Saudi Arabia. Bin Laden used Islamic texts to exhort Muslims to attack Americans until the stated grievances are reversed, Muslim legal scholars have throughout Islamic history unanimously agreed that the jihad is an individual duty if the enemy destroys the Muslim countries, according to bin Laden. Bin Laden, who orchestrated the attacks, initially denied but later admitted involvement, in November 2001, U. S. forces recovered a videotape from a destroyed house in Jalalabad, Afghanistan. In the video, bin Laden is seen talking to Khaled al-Harbi, on December 27,2001, a second bin Laden video was released. In the video, he said, It has become clear that the West in general and it is the hatred of crusaders. Terrorism against America deserves to be praised because it was a response to injustice, aimed at forcing America to stop its support for Israel, the transcript refers several times to the United States specifically targeting Muslims. He said that the attacks were carried out because, we are free, and want to regain freedom for our nation. As you undermine our security we undermine yours, Bin Laden said he had personally directed his followers to attack the World Trade Center and the Pentagon
20.
Tuscany
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Tuscany is a region in central Italy with an area of about 23,000 square kilometres and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants. Tuscany is known for its landscapes, traditions, history, artistic legacy, Tuscany produces wines, including Chianti, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Morellino di Scansano and Brunello di Montalcino. Having a strong linguistic and cultural identity, it is considered a nation within a nation. Tuscany is traditionally a popular destination in Italy, and the main tourist destinations by number of tourist arrivals are Florence, Pisa, Montecatini Terme, Castiglione della Pescaia and Grosseto. The village of Castiglione della Pescaia is also the most visited destination in the region. Additionally, Siena, Lucca, the Chianti region, Versilia and Val dOrcia are also internationally renowned, Tuscany has over 120 protected nature reserves, making Tuscany and its capital Florence popular tourist destinations that attract millions of tourists every year. In 2012, the city of Florence was the worlds 89th most visited city, roughly triangular in shape, Tuscany borders the regions of Liguria to the northwest, Emilia-Romagna to the north and east, Umbria to the east and Lazio to the southeast. The comune of Badia Tedalda, in the Tuscan Province of Arezzo, has an exclave named Ca Raffaello within Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany has a western coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea, containing the Tuscan Archipelago, of which the largest island is Elba. Tuscany has an area of approximately 22,993 square kilometres, surrounded and crossed by major mountain chains, and with few plains, the region has a relief that is dominated by hilly country used for agriculture. Hills make up nearly two-thirds of the total area, covering 15,292 square kilometres, and mountains. Plains occupy 8. 4% of the total area—1,930 square kilometres —mostly around the valley of the River Arno, many of Tuscanys largest cities lie on the banks of the Arno, including the capital Florence, Empoli and Pisa. The pre-Etruscan history of the area in the late Bronze and Iron Ages parallels that of the early Greeks, following this, the Villanovan culture saw Tuscany, and the rest of Etruria, taken over by chiefdoms. City-states developed in the late Villanovan before Orientalization occurred and the Etruscan civilization rose, the Etruscans created the first major civilization in this region, large enough to establish a transport infrastructure, to implement agriculture and mining and to produce vibrant art. The Etruscans lived in Etruria well into prehistory, throughout their existence, they lost territory to Magna Graecia, Carthage and Celts. Despite being seen as distinct in its manners and customs by contemporary Greeks, the cultures of Greece, one reason for its eventual demise was this increasing absorption by surrounding cultures, including the adoption of the Etruscan upper class by the Romans. Soon after absorbing Etruria, Rome established the cities of Lucca, Pisa, Siena, and Florence, endowed the area with new technologies and development, and ensured peace. These developments included extensions of existing roads, introduction of aqueducts and sewers, however, many of these structures have been destroyed by erosion due to weather. The Roman civilization in the West collapsed in the 5th century AD, in the years following 572, the Longobards arrived and designated Lucca the capital of their Duchy of Tuscia
21.
Melanie Griffith
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Melanie Richards Griffith is an American actress. Griffith began her career as an adolescent in nonspeaking film roles before making her debut opposite Gene Hackman in Arthur Penns Night Moves. She rose to prominence for her role in Brian De Palmas Body Double, other roles include in John Schlesingers Pacific Heights, Milk Money, the neo-noir film Mulholland Falls, as Charlotte Haze in Adrian Lynes Lolita, and Another Day in Paradise. She later starred as Barbara Marx in The Night We Called It a Day, and has appeared on the television series Nip/Tuck, Raising Hope, and Hawaii Five-0. After acting on stage in London, in 2003 she made her Broadway debut in a revival of the musical Chicago, Griffith was born in New York City to actress Tippi Hedren and Peter Griffith, a former child stage actor and advertising executive. She is of Swedish, Norwegian, German, and English descent and her mother married agent and producer Noel Marshall. During her childhood and adolescent years, she lived part of the time in New York with her father and part-time in Antelope Valley, California, Griffith appeared in advertisements and briefly worked as a child model before abandoning the career, citing extreme shyness as the reason. While attending the Hollywood Professional School, Griffith was advanced in her studies, Griffith began acting at nine months of age in a commercial and later appeared as an extra in Smith. Her first major role was in Arthur Penns Night Moves, in which she did several racy nude scenes at the age of 17 and this drew attention to her and typecast her as a nymphet in films such as Smile, The Drowning Pool, and One on One. She was cast as Melanie, the daughter of her real mother, Tippi Hedren, in the film Roar. During the filming she was attacked by a lion and had 50 stitches to her face, it was feared she would lose an eye but in the end the wound was not disfiguring. She then appeared in the made-for-television movie Shes in the Army Now with Jamie Lee Curtis and Steven Bauer, whom she married shortly after the film premiered. Griffiths well-known drug and alcohol addictions stalled her career, but she made a comeback at age 26 with her role as an actress in the Brian De Palma thriller Body Double. The film, although a failure, earned her the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress. It led to her first starring role in Jonathan Demmes Something Wild, Griffith also starred in the science fiction film Cherry 2000, which went straight to video in 1988 but has also become a cult favorite. Griffiths performance was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress, Griffiths next major role was opposite Matthew Modine in the urban thriller Pacific Heights. Griffith received a Golden Globe nomination for her performance in the successful TV movie Buffalo Girls, in 1998 she appeared in Woody Allens Celebrity which featured an all-star cast. Later that year, she starred as a heroin user in the independent film Another Day in Paradise
22.
Trudie Styler
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Trudie Styler is an English actress, film producer and director. She is the wife of the musician Sting, trudie Styler was born in Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, England. When Styler was two old, she was hit by a van. She received severe injuries that left her badly scarred and required several plastic surgery operations up until the age of 18. Her classmates nicknamed her scarface, which caused her to feel for many years that she was not an attractive person. Styler trained at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School and went on to star in various period BBC productions and she joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, where she would meet rock musician Sting through Frances Tomelty, his then-wife and fellow cast member in a production of Shakespeares MacBeth. Sting began to date Styler, divorcing Tomelty soon after, in 1989, the couple founded the Rainforest Foundation, which supports indigenous rainforest peoples and help them protect their ancestral lands. Styler is also an ambassador for UNICEF, Styler and her husband Sting received the Peace Abbey Courage of Conscience Award. Styler married Sting on 20 August 1992 and they have four children, Bridget Michael, Jake, Eliot Paulina and Giacomo Luke. Eliot is the singer for the band I Blame Coco. In the mid-nineties Styler established Xingu Films, a company dedicated to supporting new talent, such as Guy Ritchie, Dito Montiel. In late July 2008 it was announced that Xingu had optioned American Reaper, a graphic novel written by Pat Mills. In 2008 it was reported that Styler donated £10,000 into the charitable Ama Sumani cancer fund, Sumani was terminally ill with cancer and unable to afford treatment in her native Ghana, but had been deported from a Cardiff hospital after the expiry of her visa. Sumani died on 19 March 2008 and she is a patron of the Elton John AIDS Foundation. According to evidence presented in court, Stylers chef had made to work 14-hour days while heavily pregnant. Freak Show Moon A Guide to Recognizing Your Saints Alpha Male Cheeky The Sweatbox, jailbuds Snatch Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels a. k. a. Two Smoking Barrels The Grotesque a. k. a
23.
Marx Brothers
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The Marx Brothers were an American family comedy act that was successful in vaudeville, on Broadway, and in motion pictures from 1905 to 1949. Five of the Marx Brothers thirteen feature films were selected by the American Film Institute as among the top 100 comedy films and they are widely considered by critics, scholars, and fans to be among the greatest and most influential comedians of the 20th century. The brothers were included in AFIs 100 Years.100 Stars list of the 25 greatest male stars of Classic Hollywood cinema, the group are almost universally known today by their stage names, Chico, Harpo, Groucho, Gummo, and Zeppo Marx. The core of the act was the three brothers, Chico, Harpo, and Groucho. Each developed a highly distinctive stage persona, Harpo and Chico more or less retired after 1949, while Groucho went on to begin a second career in television. The two younger brothers, Gummo and Zeppo, did not develop their characters to the same extent. The two eventually left the act to pursue careers at which they were successful, as well as a large theatrical agency for a time. Gummo was not in any of the movies, Zeppo appeared in the first five films in relatively straight roles, the performing lives of the brothers were brought about by their mother Minnie Marx, who also acted as their manager. The Marx Brothers were five brothers born to U. S. immigrants Miene Minnie Schoenberg, the brothers are best known by their stage names, Another brother, Manfred, the first-born son of Sam and Minnie, was born in 1886 and died in infancy. Family lore told privately of the son, Manny, born in 1886. Even some members of the Marx family wondered if he was pure myth. A death certificate of the Borough of Manhattan reveals that he died, aged seven months, on 17 July 1886, of enterocolitis, with asthenia contributing, i. e. probably a victim of influenza. He is buried at New Yorks Washington Cemetery, beside his grandmother, Fanny Sophie Schönberg, the Marx Brothers also had an older sister, actually a cousin, born in January 1885 who had been adopted by Minnie and Frenchie. Her name was Pauline, or Polly, Groucho talked about her in his 1972 Carnegie Hall concert. Minnie Marx came from a family of performers and her mother was a yodeling harpist and her father a ventriloquist, both were funfair entertainers. Around 1880, the family emigrated to New York City, where Minnie married Sam in 1884, Minnie also acted as the brothers manager, using the name Minnie Palmer so that agents did not realize that she was also their mother. Gummo and Zeppo both became successful businessmen, Gummo gained success through his activities and a raincoat business. The Marx Brothers were born in New York City, the sons of Jewish immigrants from Germany and their mother Minnie Schönberg was from Dornum in East Frisia, and their father Simon Marx was a native of Alsace and worked as a tailor
24.
A Night at the Opera (film)
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A Night at the Opera is a 1935 American comedy film starring the Marx Brothers, and featuring Kitty Carlisle, Allan Jones, Margaret Dumont, Sig Ruman, and Walter Woolf King. It was the first film the Marx Brothers made for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer after their departure from Paramount Pictures, the film was adapted by George S. Kaufman, Morrie Ryskind, and Al Boasberg from a story by James Kevin McGuinness. It was directed by Sam Wood and it is also included in the 2007 update of AFIs 100 Years. 100 Movies, at number 85, and previously in AFIs 100 Years.100 Laughs 2000 showing, Driftwood, business manager for wealthy dowager Mrs. Claypool, has stood her up and is having dinner with another woman in the very same restaurant. When she discovers him seated directly behind her, Driftwood joins Mrs. Claypool, Driftwood has arranged for Mrs. Claypool to invest $200,000 in the opera company, allowing Gottlieb to engage Rodolfo Lassparri, the greatest tenor since Caruso. Backstage at the house, chorister Ricardo Baroni hires his best friend Fiorello to be his manager. Ricardo is in love with the soprano, Rosa Castaldi, who is also being courted by Lassparri, Driftwood arrives and finds Lassparri attacking Tomasso, who knocks Lassparri unconscious by hitting him over the head with a mallet. Fiorello appears and identifies himself as the manager of the greatest tenor in the world, Driftwood, mistakenly thinking Fiorello is referring to Lassparri, signs Baroni to a contract. After bidding farewell to Rosa at the pier, Ricardo, Fiorello, after Driftwood discovers them, he tries to get the three of them to leave, as he is expecting a rendezvous with Mrs. Claypool. They refuse to go until theyve eaten and eventually, Driftwoods incredibly small stateroom is crowded with an assortment of people, Lassparri later spots the stowaways among the immigrants on the ship and they are caught and thrown into the brig. They escape with help from Driftwood and are able to sneak into the country by assuming the identities of three famous bearded aviators, who are traveling aboard the ship. After a welcoming reception in New York their true identities are discovered and they hide out in Driftwoods hotel room, meanwhile, Ricardo is reunited with Rosa after climbing in the window of her hotel room. Ricardo has an altercation with Lassparri, which results in both Rosa and Driftwood being fired from the company by Gottlieb. The boys decide to revenge by sabotaging the opening night performance of Il trovatore ending with the abduction of Lassparri, forcing Gottlieb to substitute Ricardo. The audience clearly prefers Baroni over Lassparri and the latter is booed and pelted with fruit after he attempts to return to the stage, the film ends with Driftwood and Fiorello attempting to negotiate another contract, as Rosa and Ricardo sing an encore. Driftwood plans a rendezvous with Mrs. Claypool in his stateroom, then he finds out how small it is, and that he, his steamer trunk, and the bed barely fit in it. Driftwood discovers that Fiorello, Tomasso, and Ricardo have stowed away in his steamer trunk, Driftwood calls a steward and orders dinner. This continues until Fiorello and Tomasso each have ordered about a dozen hard-boiled eggs and this is just a set-up for the famous Stateroom Scene, in which a total of 15 people crowd into Driftwoods tiny cabin
25.
WebCite
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Rather than relying on a web crawler which archives pages in a random fashion, authors who want to cite web pages in a scholarly article can initiate the archiving process. They then cite – instead of or in addition to the original URL – the snapshot address archived by WebCite, WebCite can be used to preserve cited Internet content, such as the archived web pages, in addition to citing the original URL of the Internet content. All types of web content, including HTML web pages, PDF files, style sheets, JavaScript and it also archives metadata about the collected resources such as access time, MIME type, and content length. In the next year, a service was set up at the address webcite. net. WebCite also offers interfaces to scholarly journals and publishers to automate the archiving of cited links, by 2008, over 200 journals had begun routinely using WebCite. WebCite used to be, but is no longer, a member of the International Internet Preservation Consortium, in a 2012 message on Twitter, Eysenbach commented that WebCite has no funding, and IIPC charges €4000 per year in annual membership fees. WebCite feeds its content to digital preservation projects, including the Internet Archive. This includes relocating the service to Amazon EC2 cloud hosting and legal support, as of 2013 it remained undecided whether WebCite would continue as a non-profit or as a for-profit entity. It is not crawler-based, pages are only archived if the author or publisher requests it. No cached copy will appear in a WebCite search unless the author or another person has specifically cached it beforehand. One can retrieve or cite archived pages through a transparent format such as http, //webcitation. org/query. url=URL&date=DATE where URL is the URL that was archived, the ID is the UNIX time in base 62. It is important to note that WebCite does not work for pages which contain a no-cache tag, WebCite respects the authors request to not have their web page cached. This is how the WebCite bookmarklet works, the term WebCite is a registered trademark. WebCite does not charge individual users, journal editors and publishers any fee to use their service, WebCite earns revenue from publishers who want to have their publications analyzed and cited webreferences archived, and accepts donations. Early support was from the University of Toronto, according to their policy, WebCite removes the saved pages after submitting DMCA requests from the copyright holders. The removed pages go to the archive with pay-per-view access to the copyrighted content. WebCite maintains the position that its archiving activities are allowed by the copyright doctrines of fair use. To support the fair use argument, WebCite notes that its archived copies are transformative, socially valuable for academic research, the implied license referred to general Internet standards
26.
The Dream of the Blue Turtles
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The Dream of the Blue Turtles is the first solo album by English musician Sting, released in the United States on 1 June 1985. The album reached three on the UK Albums Chart. It reached number two on the Billboard 200, in the US the album spawned four singles, If You Love Somebody Set Them Free, Fortress Around Your Heart, Russians and Love Is the Seventh Wave. The album earned Grammy nominations for Album of the Year, Best Male Pop Vocal Performance, Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, the album is named after a dream of Stings. Although the single If You Love Somebody Set Them Free reached No.3 in the US, it was a failure in the UK. In the UK the album was kept off No.1 in the week of its release by Marillions Misplaced Childhood, however, in the US, the album reached No.2 on the Billboard 200. The movie Bring on the Night documents some of the work that produced this album. Consider Me Gone references the first quatrain of Shakespeares Sonnet 35, all tracks written by Sting, except where noted
27.
...Nothing Like the Sun
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…Nothing Like the Sun is the second solo studio album by English singer-songwriter Sting. The album was released on 13 October 1987 on A&M. The album explores the genres of pop rock, soft rock, jazz, reggae, world, acoustic rock, dance-rock, and funk rock. The songs were recorded during March–August in 1987 in sessions that took place at Air Studios, in Montserrat, assisted by record producers Hugh Padgham, Bryan Loren, and Neil Dorfsman. On release, the album was received favorably by the majority of critics and in 1989. Well Be Together, Be Still My Beating Heart, Englishman in New York, Fragile and it won Best British Album at the 1988 Brit Awards. In 1989 the album received three Grammy nominations including Album of the Year while the second single was nominated for Song of the Year. The title comes from Shakespeares Sonnet No,130, which Sting used in the song Sister Moon. He added that his inspiration for this was an encounter with a drunk, in which Sting quoted the sonnet in response to the drunks importunate query. Be Still My Beating Heart and The Lazarus Heart approach the subjects of life, love, elsewhere on the album, Englishman in New York, in honour of Quentin Crisp, continues the jazz-influenced music more commonly found on Stings previous album, as does Sister Moon. The album also inspired a Spanish/Portuguese counterpart, the 1988 mini-album Nada Como el Sol and it featured four of the songs from the album sung in either Spanish or Portuguese, and in the case of Fragile, both languages. The Brazilian CD edition of. Nothing Like the Sun also contained Fragile in Portuguese as the tenth track, three years after its release on both the album and in single form, Englishman in New York was remixed in mid-1990 by Dutch producer Ben Liebrand. Providing a stronger beat, as well as an extended introduction. The maxi-single also included a remix of If You Love Somebody as a B-side. Stings most commercially successful album, it went on to peak at number one in three countries, including the UK. According to the RIAA, the record sold over two copies in the US, and in the UK, the album sold over 300,000 copies. Worldwide, the album has sold four million copies. Nothing Like the Sun was one of the first fully digital audio recordings to achieve multi-platinum status. It is also Stings biggest-selling album yet, with sales of 11 million copies as of 1997. Nothing Like the Sun has been praised by critics consistently
28.
Ten Summoner's Tales
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Ten Summoners Tales is the fourth solo studio album by the English rock musician Sting. The title is a pun of his family name, Sumner, and a character in Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales. This album contains two US hits, If I Ever Lose My Faith in You reached No.17 on the Billboard Hot 100, Ten Summoners Tales was shortlisted for the 1993 Mercury Prize. In 1994, it was nominated for six Grammy awards, winning Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical, Best Male Pop Vocal Performance and it did not win Album of the Year, Record or Song of the Year The album sold more than 10 million copies around the world. A Laser Disc and VHS of the album were released, containing performances of all songs on the album at Lake House. A promotional disc was made where Sting discusses some of the songs on the album, there is also an album produced during the Ten Summoners Tales era titled Meadowlands of Gold, which contains 13 live tracks performed at the Meadowlands Arena in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The songs consists of tracks from the album, as well as a few Police songs, the album was recorded at Lake House, Wiltshire, mixed at The Townhouse Studio, London and mastered at Masterdisk, New York. The cover of the album was photographed at Wardour Old Castle in Wiltshire, featuring Hrímnir, a long form video featuring alternate musical performances and live versions of all tracks was filmed at Lake House and released in conjunction with the album. The video went on to win a Grammy Award for Best Long Form Video in 1994 and was directed by Doug Nichol and produced by Julie Fong. On 11 August 1994, a disc of Ten Summoners Tales became the first item ever securely purchased over the internet. The international-exclusive track Everybody Laughed But You was excluded from Canadian and American releases, however, USA singles from various songs in the album include the song, as well as the song with different lyrics titled January Stars. The singles for Ten Summoners Tales also give credit to Fernandes Guitars, Ten Summoners Tales was remastered and re-released in 1998. The re-release CD includes a video track of If I Ever Lose My Faith in You. It also features the song Everybody Laughed But You, which was excluded from the original 1993 release in the US and Canada. The song did appear on the release in the UK, Europe, Japan and other territories. The instrumental track for Everybody Laughed But You was also used with a lyric and released as January Stars on the Seven Days. All songs written by Sting except where noted, in the later 1990s and the 2000s, it became a popular sample in R&B and hip hop songs, possibly inspired by Nas usage. I Love You by Kim Hyung Sup from the OST of the South Korean television series Sassy Girl Chun-hyang has a similar melody and this version is available as a single
29.
Mercury Falling
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Mercury Falling is the fifth studio album by Sting, released in 1996. The album begins and ends with the words mercury falling, in 1997, the album earned Sting two Grammy nominations for Best Pop Vocal Album and Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for Let Your Soul Be Your Pilot. There was one uplifting ballad, the single, You Still Touch Me. The track Twenty Five to Midnight was excluded from the American and Canadian releases and it was included in the CD-Maxi Single of You Still Touch Me, as the 4th track. Valparaiso was used during the credits of the 1996 film White Squall. All songs written by Sting except where noted, J. Cole – pedal steel Wayne Jackson – trumpet Stingoop. com Mercury Falling Release Details
30.
Sacred Love
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Sacred Love is the seventh studio album by Sting. The album was released on 29 September 2003, the album featured smoother, R&B-style beats and experiments collaborating with hip-hop artist Mary J. Blige and sitar player Anoushka Shankar. Some songs like Inside and Dead Mans Rope were well received, Sting adapted the first quatrain of William Blakes Auguries of Innocence for the first four sung lines of Send Your Love. Stings collaboration with Blige, Whenever I Say Your Name, won the Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 46th Grammy Awards in 2004. In August 2015, Mylène Farmer and Sting duetted on Stolen Car and released it as the single from Farmers forthcoming tenth studio album, Interstellaires. All tracks produced by Sting and Kipper, co-production on Send Your Love by Victor Calderone, there have been multiple editions of this album. Some of them, such as the Japanese edition, feature various extra songs, although the track list on the official Sting website includes a remix of Send Your Love and a live version of Shape of My Heart, these are not always available
31.
Songs from the Labyrinth
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Songs from the Labyrinth is the eighth studio album by British singer-songwriter Sting. On this album, he collaborates with Bosnian lutenist Edin Karamazov, the album features music by composer John Dowland. It entered the UK Official Albums Chart at #24 and reached #25 on the Billboard 200, the release was a slow seller for a Sting album, his first since 1986s Bring on the Night to fail to break the UK top 10. In late August 2013, a Dowland Anniversary Edition was released, for the original CD program, the music was composed by John Dowland except for Have You Seen the Bright Lily Grow, a song by Dowlands contemporary Robert Johnson. The latter is omitted from the 2013 Dowland Anniversary Edition of the album, the track list includes readings from a letter by Dowland to Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury. The lyrics to many of Dowlands songs are anonymous, walsingham –0,38 Can She Excuse My Wrongs –2,35 Ryght Honorable. –0,40 Flow My Tears –4,42 Have You Seen the Bright Lily Grow –2,35. Then in Time Passing On, –0,32 The Battle Galliard –3,01 The Lowest Trees Have Tops –2,16. And Accordinge as I Desired Ther Cam a Letter, –0,55 Fine Knacks for Ladies –1,50. From Thence I Went to Landgrave of Hessen. –0,24 Fantasy –2,42 Come, Heavy Sleep –3,46 Forlorn Hope Fancy –3,08. And from Thence I Had Great Desire to See Italy. –0,28 Come Again –2,56 Wilt Thou Unkind Thus Reave Me –2,40. After My Departures I Caled to Mynde. –0,30 Weep You No More, Sad Fountains –2,38 My Lord Willoughbys Welcome Home –1,34 Clear or Cloudy –2,47. Men Say That the Kinge of Spain, the tracks listed below are the DVD chapter stops
32.
If on a Winter's Night...
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If on a Winters Night. is the ninth studio album from British musician Sting. Dozens of musicians appear on the album in various configurations, including jazz, folk and it was released in most countries on 26 October 2009, on 27 October 2009 in the United States and 2 November 2009 in the United Kingdom. The limited edition and Amazon exclusive both include bonus songs, the Japanese edition include them as well but adds The Coventry Carol, the title of the album is based on the novel If on a winters night a traveler by Italo Calvino. at Metacritic
33.
Symphonicities
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Symphonicities is the tenth studio album by English musician Sting. It was released on 13 July 2010 on Deutsche Grammophon, symphonicities was recorded at Abbey Road Studios, and produced by Rob Mathes and Sting. Elliot Scheiner and Claudius Mittendorfer mixed the record, and it was mastered by Scott Hull, as of November 2010, the album had sold over 600,000 copies worldwide
34.
The Last Ship (album)
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The Last Ship is the eleventh studio album by English musician Sting, released on 20 September 2013 in Germany and on 24 September 2013 in the UK and US. The album features guest artists with roots in the northeast of England, including Brian Johnson from AC/DC, Jimmy Nail, The Unthanks, The Wilson Family, and Kathryn Tickell. The title is an allusion to the closing of the shipyards in the shipbuilding town of Wallsend. The Last Ship is the first full-length LP of original material released by Sting since his 2003 album Sacred Love, the album is inspired by Stings play of the same name, which premiered in June 2014. The play contains a few songs that are not in the album, the Last Ship debuted at No.13 on the Billboard 200, and No.6 on the Top Rock Albums, selling 20,000 copies in the first week. The album has sold 90,000 copies in the United States as of September 2016, the album is available as both a digital and physical release in two configurations, a standard 12-song version and a 2-disc deluxe version with 5 additional tracks. All tracks written by Sting, except where noted
35.
Demolition Man (album)
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Demolition Man is an EP released by A&M on September 21,1993 and November 1,1993 in support of the Sylvester Stallone/Wesley Snipes film Demolition Man. It features Stings re-recording of The Police track Demolition Man, as well as live recordings. The live recordings were recorded at Villa Manin, Codroipo, Italy on 25 July 1993, the UK release charted therefore on the UK Singles Chart, where it peaked at number 21. AllMusic panned the American version in their review, claiming that the recordings are unremarkable
