1.
Spain
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By population, Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union. Spains capital and largest city is Madrid, other urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Bilbao. Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago, in the Middle Ages, the area was conquered by Germanic tribes and later by the Moors. Spain is a democracy organised in the form of a government under a constitutional monarchy. It is a power and a major developed country with the worlds fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP. Jesús Luis Cunchillos argues that the root of the span is the Phoenician word spy. Therefore, i-spn-ya would mean the land where metals are forged, two 15th-century Spanish Jewish scholars, Don Isaac Abravanel and Solomon ibn Verga, gave an explanation now considered folkloric. Both men wrote in two different published works that the first Jews to reach Spain were brought by ship by Phiros who was confederate with the king of Babylon when he laid siege to Jerusalem. This man was a Grecian by birth, but who had given a kingdom in Spain. He became related by marriage to Espan, the nephew of king Heracles, Heracles later renounced his throne in preference for his native Greece, leaving his kingdom to his nephew, Espan, from whom the country of España took its name. Based upon their testimonies, this eponym would have already been in use in Spain by c.350 BCE, Iberia enters written records as a land populated largely by the Iberians, Basques and Celts. Early on its coastal areas were settled by Phoenicians who founded Western Europe´s most ancient cities Cadiz, Phoenician influence expanded as much of the Peninsula was eventually incorporated into the Carthaginian Empire, becoming a major theater of the Punic Wars against the expanding Roman Empire. After an arduous conquest, the peninsula came fully under Roman Rule, during the early Middle Ages it came under Germanic rule but later, much of it was conquered by Moorish invaders from North Africa. In a process took centuries, the small Christian kingdoms in the north gradually regained control of the peninsula. The last Moorish kingdom fell in the same year Columbus reached the Americas, a global empire began which saw Spain become the strongest kingdom in Europe, the leading world power for a century and a half, and the largest overseas empire for three centuries. Continued wars and other problems led to a diminished status. The Napoleonic invasions of Spain led to chaos, triggering independence movements that tore apart most of the empire, eventually democracy was peacefully restored in the form of a parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Spain joined the European Union, experiencing a renaissance and steady economic growth
2.
Lugo
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Lugo is a city in northwestern Spain in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo, the municipality had a population of 98,560 in 2014, which makes it the fourth most populous city in Galicia. Lugo is the city in the world to be surrounded by completely intact Roman walls. The walk along the top is continuous round the circuit, and these 3rd century walls are protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The bridge over the Minho is essentially of Roman date, though many repairs over the centuries have effaced its Roman character. The population of the city in 2010 was 97,635 inhabitants, growing constantly since the first census in 1842, the population of the city in 2014 was 98,560 inhabitants. From INE In 2010 there were 5,373 foreigners living in the city, the main nationalities are Colombians, Moroccans and Brazilians. By language, according to 2008 data,47. 37% of the population speaks always or mainly in Galician,52. 63% speaks always or mainly in Spanish, the town lies on a hill surrounded by the rivers Minho, Rato and Chanca. The municipality of Lugo is the second largest in Galicia, with 329.78 square kilometres and 59 parishes, Lugo has a humid oceanic climate with drier summers, Cfsb in the Köppen climate classification. Due to its remoteness from the Atlantic, its annual precipitation of 1,084 millimetres can be considered low compared with areas of the Rias Baixas and Santiago de Compostela. The highest temperature recorded in history,39.6 °C, occurred in August 1961, the city has an average of six days of snow per year, which is a contrast to coastal cities of Galicia which have not received snow in modern times
3.
Foz
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Foz is a town and municipality in A Mariña country in the Galician province of Lugo. It borders the municipalities of Burela e Barreiros, and to interior with the municipalities of Lourenzá, Mondoñedo, O Valadouro, Alfoz and Cervo. Foz is a town on the shores of the Cantabrian Sea at the mouth of the river Masma. Although Foz was previously a village, now the major part of its economic resources is from tourism. The name Foz comes from the Latin word Maw which graphically describes the river mouth of the Masma river, the foundation of Foz dates back to pre-Roman times, as attested by the existing forts Fazouro and Pena do Altar. Its foundation may originate in the time of the Ártabros or, according to the historian Amor Meilán, during the ninth century the town had flourished since the establishment of the episcopal headquarters in San Martiño de Mondoñedo. At the time of Ferdinand and Isabella, Foz kept certain privileges, during the sixteenth and seventeenth Foz had a major port and one of the three most important shipyards in Galicia. Owners and Phoenician fishermen engaged mainly to whaling, shipowners and Phoenician fishermen dedicated themselves mainly to whaling. This important fishery was declining over time, but today is an important seafaring tradition. The main momuments of Foz are the Basilica de San Martiño and the Manor of the Counts of Fontao Fishing port Sport port This is the official sister city of Foz, Trégastel, France, since 2003
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Ribadeo
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Ribadeo is a municipality in the Spanish province of Lugo in Galicia. It has a population of 10,023 and an area of 106.2 km2 and it is the capital of the A Mariña Oriental comarca. The municipality of Ribadeo has approximately the shape of a 10x10 kilometer square and it is bordered to the north by the Cantabrian Sea, to the east by the Ribadeo estuary, to the west by the municipality of Barreiros and to the south by that of Trabada. The capital of the municipality is the town of Ribadeo, there is one other town - Rinlo - and many small villages and hamlets. The highest point of the municipality is the mountain of Mondigo, the first well-known settlements date from Iron Age such as the Gallaecian hillforts of Grovas, Fornelo, Meirengos, Cárcovas, Pumarega, Torre and Aira da Croa. All of them were inhabited by the Gallecian tribe of the Egovarri, during the 6th century the first texts referred to this county as part of Britonia. During the 13th century, Ribadeo received privileges from the king Ferdinand II, the town began as a settlement beside the estuary, occupying what are now the docks of Porcillán and Cabanela, and later expanded on to higher land. It had a wall - more for customs purposes than for defence - of which remains are still preserved. Along with Viveiro and Mondoñedo, it was one of the three main towns of the former province of Mondoñedo. It was granted a charter by Fernando III, permitting a weekly market. For a while the town was royal property and was granted to a French nobleman, Pierre de Villeines. After Villeines there were further transfers of ownership, the county of Ribadeo became a possession of the House of Alba. The present Count, the twenty-seventh, is Carlos Fitz-James Stuart Martinez de Irujo, for this reason the beverage became known as Kúmel of Ribadeo. In the mid-nineteenth century the port went into decline due to competition from other such as Gijón. The coat of arms of the town is of medieval origin and it depicts waves of the sea on which are superimposed a golden key at an oblique angle and a silver star. The key symbolizes the incorporation into Galicia, and the star its northern location. Until the late seventeenth century the coat of arms lacked the star and this older version can be seen carved in stone in 1699, in the chapel of the Virxe do Camiño, at which time it was already ancient. Torre de los Moreno, the house of the Moreno brothers, the decoration of the facade suggests Modernism, while that of the rear recalls the neoclassical style
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Andrade
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Theres a notable Jewish branch which originated in Portugal in the 17th century as da Costa dAndrade and soon moved into England. The surname Andrade is found predominantly in Portugal and Spain, and in countries of Latin America, Italy, Equatorial Guinea and East Timor, Goa, Philippines, and Karnataka in India. There is an important concentration of Andrade families residing in the United States, specifically, California, Massachusetts, Hawaii, the two Galician Regions of Ferrolterra and Terra Chá are known to have been part of the domains of Fernán Pérez de Andrade in the 14th century. From one branch of this lineage, Ángel García Valerio Member of the Spanish Parliament from Ferrol between the years, from another branch of the same lineage, Francisco Franco signed his novel Raza as Jaime de Andrade. From another branch of this lineage, Marco Tabili de Andrade y Feria Secretary of the Royal House of Savoy- Aosta This family soon spread to Portugal and this happened several times and with several different branches of the Andrade. João Fernandes de Andrade, known also as João Fernandes de Andrade do Arco, married Beatriz de Abreu and had prolific issue, jacob Velosinho de Andrade translated Saul Morteiras Torat Mosheh into Portuguese under the title Epitome de la Verdad de la Ley de Moyses. Rabbi Abraham Andrade French Rabbi, born in the last quarter of the eighteenth century and he was an active member of the Great Sanhedrin which met at Paris in 1807. While Rabbi at St. Esprit he was elected deputy of the Jewish Nation to the Assembly of Notables convoked by Napoleon I. in 1806. He was on the committee of nine charged with the organization of the Sanhedrin, in 1809 he was elevated to the office of Chief Rabbi of Bordeaux, in which position he remained till his death, maintaining friendly relations with the authorities of the Catholic Church. Hernán Andrade, Mexican racewalker Hope Andrade, American politician Ignacio Andrade Troconis, Terra Chá Region Connections of the Andrade family with Villalba
6.
Vilalba
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Vilalba is a municipality in Galicia, in the province of Lugo, on the left bank of the river Ladra, one of the headstreams of the Miño. During the 20th century Vilalba had a rich tradition that began in 1902 with the Ideal Villalbés. This was continued, in a professional form, by the El Eco de Villalba under Manuel Mato Vizoso. After this were El Ratón, El Vigía Villalbés, Azul y Blanco, Villalba y su comarca, Galicia pintoresca, and El Heraldo de Villalba, which consecrated García Hermida as a professional journalist. The proliferation of written press does not end there, but continued with the first newspaper written entirely in Galician in the town, A Xustiza. Soon there were also Aurora, El Gato, La Voz Villalbesa, El Progreso Villalbés founded by Enríquez Chanot, El Villalbés, El Villalbés de Buenos Aires, in the years of the II Republic was edited a politically active newspaper, the Faro Villalbés. One of their more significant columnists was Carmiña Prieto Rouco, author of the Himno da Terra Cha, in the years of the dictatorship only two newspapers saw the light, both of which dealt mainly with sports, Stadium and El Castillo. The next new newspaper did not appear until 1983, the short-lived A Voz de Vilalba, the town is unusual in having given its name to a local tree, the Pravia, which is a white maple located near the towns Parador. Usually the Pravia turns to a stage to celebrate Christmas and represent the traditional Nativity scene, a Voz de Vilalba Bibliografía Chairega
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Alfoz
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Alfoz is a municipality in the Spanish Galician province of Lugo. It is in the region of La Mariña Central and it borders the municipalities of Foz, Mondoñedo, Abadín and Valle de Oro. The population in 2008 was 2,133 people according to the register of inhabitants. Alfoz is the antipodes of the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, adelán Bacoi Carballido O Castro de Ouro Lagoa Juan Carlos Mandía Paula Lorenzo Geada Hipólito Geada Pena The Mindoniensis-Ferrolensis Province in the 21st Century (
8.
Ares, Spain
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Ares is a municipality in the autonomous community of Galicia in province of A Coruña in northwestern Spain. It is located in the comarca of Ferrol and it spans the coastal strip running from the entrance of the estuary of the Ferrol river to the port of Redes. Once a year, Ares celebrates the Corpus Christi, the economy is based on fishing, tourism and agriculture
