1.
New York City
–
The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
New York City
–
Clockwise, from top:
Midtown Manhattan,
Times Square, the
Unisphere in
Queens, the
Brooklyn Bridge,
Lower Manhattan with
One World Trade Center,
Central Park, the
headquarters of the United Nations, and the
Statue of Liberty
New York City
–
New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual
Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year
England took control and renamed it "New York".
New York City
–
The
Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the
American Revolution, took place in
Brooklyn in 1776.
New York City
–
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.
2.
New wave music
–
New wave is a genre of rock music popular from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s with ties to 1970s punk rock. New wave moved away from smooth blues and rock and roll sounds to create pop music that incorporated electronic and experimental music, mod, initially new wave was similar to punk rock, before becoming a distinct genre. It subsequently engendered subgenres and fusions, including synth-pop, college rock, common characteristics of new wave music include the use of synthesizers and electronic productions, the importance of styling and the arts, as well as diversity. In the mid-1980s, differences between new wave and other genres began to blur. New wave has enjoyed resurgences since the 1990s, after a rising nostalgia for several new wave-influenced artists, subsequently, the genre influenced other genres. During the 2000s, a number of acts explored new wave and post-punk influences, such as the Strokes, Interpol, Franz Ferdinand and these acts were sometimes labeled new wave of new wave. The catch-all nature of new music has been a source of much confusion. The 1985 discography Whos New Wave in Music listed artists in over 130 separate categories, the New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock calls the term virtually meaningless, while AllMusic mentions stylistic diversity. New wave first emerged as a genre in the early 1970s, used by critics including Nick Kent and Dave Marsh to classify such New York-based groups as the Velvet Underground. It gained currency beginning in 1976 when it appeared in UK punk fanzines such as Sniffin Glue and newsagent music weeklies such as Melody Maker and New Musical Express. In November 1976 Caroline Coon used Malcolm McLarens term new wave to designate music by bands not exactly punk, the term was also used in that sense by music journalist Charles Shaar Murray in his comments about the Boomtown Rats. For a period of time in 1976 and 1977, the new wave. By the end of 1977, new wave had replaced punk as the definition for new music in the UK. As radio consultants in the United States had advised their clients that punk rock was a fad, like the filmmakers of the French new wave movement, its new artists were anti-corporate and experimental. At first, most U. S. writers exclusively used the new wave for British punk acts. Music historian Vernon Joynson claimed that new wave emerged in the UK in late 1976, in the U. S. the first new wavers were the not-so-punk acts associated with the New York club CBGB. CBGB owner Hilly Kristal, referring to the first show of the band Television at his club in March 1974, said, furthermore, many artists who would have originally been classified as punk were also termed new wave. A1977 Phonogram Records compilation album of the same name features US artists including the Dead Boys, Ramones, Talking Heads, New wave is much more closely tied to punk and came and went more quickly in the United Kingdom than in the United States
New wave music
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Blondie, 1976. L–R: Gary Valentine, Clem Burke, Deborah Harry, Chris Stein and Jimmy Destri.
New wave music
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Talking Heads performing in Toronto in 1978.
New wave music
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Duran Duran in 1981. Top line: Nick Rhodes (keyboards), Simon Le Bon (vocals); Middle: John Taylor (bass); Bottom line: Roger Taylor (drums), Andy Taylor (guitar)
New wave music
–
Elvis Costello, in Massey Hall, Toronto, April 1979
3.
Punk rock
–
Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as proto-punk music, Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic, many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels, the term punk was first used in relation to rock music by some American critics in the early 1970s, to describe garage bands and their devotees. The following year saw punk rock spreading around the world, for the most part, punk took root in local scenes that tended to reject association with the mainstream. An associated punk subculture emerged, expressing youthful rebellion and characterized by distinctive styles of clothing and adornment, by the beginning of the 1980s, faster, more aggressive styles such as hardcore and street punk had become the predominant mode of punk rock. Musicians identifying with or inspired by punk also pursued a range of other variations, giving rise to post-punk. At the end of the 20th century, punk rock had been adopted by the mainstream, as pop punk and punk bands such as Green Day. The first wave of rock was aggressively modern, distancing itself from the bombast. According to Ramones drummer Tommy Ramone, In its initial form, unfortunately, what happens is that people who could not hold a candle to the likes of Hendrix started noodling away. Soon you had endless solos that went nowhere, by 1973, I knew that what was needed was some pure, stripped down, no bullshit rock n roll. In critic Robert Christgaus description, It was also a subculture that rejected the political idealism. Technical accessibility and a DIY spirit are prized in punk rock, in the early days of punk rock, this ethic stood in marked contrast to what those in the scene regarded as the ostentatious musical effects and technological demands of many mainstream rock bands. Musical virtuosity was often looked on with suspicion, according to Holmstrom, punk rock was rock and roll by people who didnt have very many skills as musicians but still felt the need to express themselves through music. In December 1976, the English fanzine Sideburns published an illustration of three chords, captioned This is a chord, this is another, this is a third. The title of a 1980 single by the New York punk band Stimulators, inscribed a catchphrase for punks basic musical approach. The previous year, when the rock revolution began in Great Britain, was to be both a musical and a cultural Year Zero. As a Clash associate describes singer Joe Strummers outlook, Punk rock is meant to be our freedom, were meant to be able to do what we want to do. Scholar Daniel S. Traber argues that attaining authenticity in the identity can be difficult, as the punk scene matured, he observes
Punk rock
–
The
Ramones ' 1976
debut album laid down the musical "blueprint for punk", while its cover image had a similarly formative influence on punk visual style.
Punk rock
–
Johnny Rotten and Steve Jones of the Sex Pistols
Punk rock
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The Clash, performing in 1980
Punk rock
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British punks, circa 1986
4.
Chrysalis Records
–
Chrysalis Records /ˈkrɪ. sə. lɪs/ is a British record label that was created in 1969. The name was both a reference to the stage of a butterfly and a combination of its founders names, Chris Wright. It started as the Ellis-Wright Agency and this was after the single Sunshine Day/Aeroplane was incorrectly credited to Jethro Toe. Jethro Tull signed with Reprise Records in the United States, which led Chrysalis to an American distribution deal with Reprises parent company and this lasted from 1972 until U. S. Chrysalis switched to independent distribution in 1976. PolyGram handled international distribution and Festival Records covered Australia and New Zealand, towards the end of the 1970s, the label began to extend its range of music, incorporating acts from the Punk Rock scene such as Generation X. The Chrysalis offshoot 2 Tone Records brought in such as The Specials. In 1979 Chrysalis bought and distributed U. S. folk label Takoma Records, naming manager/producer Denny Bruce as president, jon Monday who was Vice President of Takoma Records prior to the acquisition continued as General Manager, later becoming Director of Marketing of Chrysalis Records. Chrysalis made history in 1979 by creating the first music video album, in the 1980s, Chrysalis was at the forefront of the British New Romantic movement with bands such as Gen X, Ultravox, and Spandau Ballet. The 1980s proved to be the most successful time for the label, whose roster then included Billy Idol, Pat Benatar, Blondie and Huey Lewis, Chrysalis also distributed Animal Records, the short-lived label founded by Blondie guitarist Chris Stein. In 1983 Daniel Glass moved to Chrysalis as Director of New Music Marketing, advancing later to Senior Vice President. The Chrysalis Records label was sold 50% in 1990, then the half in 1991 to EMI with catalogue. Chrysalis Records folded into EMI subsidiary and flagship label EMI Records in 2005, the British Chrysalis catalogue was put up for sale by Universal Music Group after its acquisition of EMI. In July 2013, Warner Music Group completed acquisition of Parlophone Label Group, when Universal Music Group purchased EMI in 2012 ownership of Chrysalis passed to UMG. In 2013 Warner Music Group acquired part of EMI from UMG, in May 2016, Blue Raincoat Music purchased Chrysalis Records Ltd and the artist catalogue from Warner Music Group. Blue Raincoat founders Jeremy Lascelles and Robin Millar brought in Robert Devereux and this reunited founder Wright with the company he set up 47 years previously. Chris Wright is now non-executive Chairman of Chrysalis Records Ltd, since the acquisition from Warner Music Group, Chrysalis has acquired the catalogues of Suzi Quatro, Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, Athlete and Fun Lovin Criminals. Official site for Chrysalis Records UK at Blue Raincoat Music Ben Sisario, New York Times, Media Decoder blog,7 February 2013 Discogs page on Chrysalis Records
Chrysalis Records
–
Chrysalis Records
5.
EMI Records
–
The label was later launched worldwide. Records Ltd. legal entity was created in 1957 as the record manufacturing and it oversaw EMIs various labels, including The Gramophone Co. Ltd. Columbia Graphophone Company, and Parlophone Co. Ltd, in July 1965, the standalone EMI Record companies were extracted from E. M. I. Records Ltd. and folded into The Gramophone Company Ltd, on 1 July 1973, The Gramophone Co. Ltd. was renamed EMI Records Ltd. Records Ltd. was wound down and its activities were absorbed into EMI Records Ltd, earlier, on 1 January 1973, all of The Gramophone Company Ltd. pop labels had been rebranded as EMI. EMI Records then signed new acts that became global successes, Kraftwerk, Renaissance, Queen, Olivia Newton-John, Iron Maiden, Kate Bush, Sheena Easton, Pink Floyd, in 1997, EMI Records American division was folded into Virgin Records. In 2010, EMI Records opened a music division, EMI Records Nashville, which includes on its roster Troy Olsen, Alan Jackson, Kelleigh Bannen. EMI Records Nashville is a label to the Capitol Nashville unit of Universal Music Group. EMI Christian Music Group was renamed Capitol Christian Music Group, EMI Classics was sold to Warner Music Group on February 2013. After EU regulatory approval, EMI Classics was absorbed into Warner Classics on July 2013, abbey Road Studios List of record labels
EMI Records
–
EMI Records
6.
Bertelsmann Music Group
–
Bertelsmann Music Group was a division of German media company Bertelsmann before its completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Japans Sony Corporation of America on October 1,2008. It was established in 1987 to combine the music activities of Bertelsmann. The joint venture with Sony Music was set up in August 2004 and it reduced the Big Five record companies to the Big Four record companies. At that time, the company had a 21. 5% share in the music market. Sony Music and BMG remained separate in Japan, although BMG Music Japan was wholly owned by Sony BMG. Bertelsmann sold its 50% share of Sony BMG to Sony Corporation of America for a total of $1.5 billion, and it is focused mainly in BMGs European stronghold markets. The basis of the company was formed through BMGs decision to withhold selected European music catalogues from the former Sony BMG joint venture, also kept separate from the acquisition by Sony Corporation of America was Sony BMGs wholly owned and operated BMG Japan. Sony Music Japan remained independent from the Sony BMG joint venture, therefore BMG, during Sony BMGs buyout, BMG Japan was instead picked up by Sony Music Entertainment Japan. It briefly continued to operate as an entity until a reorganization in early 2009 folded the company into Sony Music Japan. Barry Weiss, President and Chief Executive Officer, Zomba Label Group CEO Now part of Sony Music Entertainment after the buyout of Bertelsmann AGs 50% stake in Sony BMG. BMG Music Publishing, which was not part of the Sony BMG merger, was a business of the Bertelsmann Music Group until it was sold to Universal Music Group for €1.63 billion in 2007. Universal then folded the company into Universal Music Publishing Group, the company was headquartered at 245 Fifth Avenue, 8th Floor New York, New York 10016 and had operations in 36 offices in 25 countries. BMG Music publishing controlled over one million copyrights, BMG Music Publishing was the global leader in Classical music and was number one in Contemporary Christian music. Brentwood-Benson Music Publishing is BMG Music Publishings Christian publisher and owns over 60,000 copyrights, BMG Music Publishing and its assets have now been completely absorbed and folded into Universal Music Publishing Group. After Sony bought out Bertelsmanns share in Sony BMG, Bertelsmann was allowed to keep the rights to recordings from the former joint venture. These songs served as the foundation to BMG Rights Management, BMG Rights Management now serves as a division within Bertelsmann and as a replacement to the defunct Bertelsmann Music Group. A settlement in 2002 included the publishers and distributors, Sony Music, Warner Music, Bertelsmann Music Group, EMI Music. In restitution for price fixing they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups and it is estimated customers were overcharged by nearly $500 million and up to $5 per album
Bertelsmann Music Group
–
Primary businesses
Bertelsmann Music Group
7.
Epic Records
–
Epic Records is an American record company owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953 and it later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of musical genres, including pop, R&B, rock and hip hop. Historically, the label has housed popular acts such as Boston, ABBA, Michael Jackson, Celine Dion, Dave Clark Five, Gloria Estefan, Pearl Jam, Shakira, Anastacia, and Sly & the Family Stone. Along with Columbia and RCA Records, Epic is one of Sony Music Entertainments three main record labels, L. A. Reid has served as chairman and CEO of Epic since July 2011. Sylvia Rhone was appointed president in March 2014, Epic Records was launched in 1953 by Columbia Records for the purpose of marketing jazz, pop and classical music that did not fit the theme of its more mainstream Columbia Records label. Initial classical music releases were from Philips Records which distributed Columbia product in Europe, pop talent on co-owned Okeh Records were transferred to Epic which made Okeh a rhythm and blues label. Epics bright-yellow, black, and blue became a familiar trademark for many jazz. By 1960, the musical base had been expanded to include all genres. This was done in part to prevent the roster of Columbia Records from being overstuffed with newer artists, subsequently, Epic became better known for its signing of newer, fledgling acts. By the end of the 1960s, Epic earned its first gold records and had evolved into a formidable hit-making force in rock and roll, R&B and country music. Among its many acts, it included Roy Hamilton, Bobby Vinton, The Dave Clark Five, The Hollies, Tammy Wynette, Donovan, The Yardbirds, Lulu, July, Helen Shapiro and Jeff Beck. Also during the 1960s, Epic oversaw the smaller subsidiary CBS labels including Okeh Records, in 1968, Epic recordings began being distributed in the UK by CBS after the distribution deal with EMI expired that year, Epic itself launched in England around 1971. Epic was involved in a trade of artists. Graham Nash was signed to Epic because of his membership in The Hollies, when the newly formed Crosby, Stills & Nash wanted to sign with Atlantic Records, Ahmet Ertegün worked out a deal with Clive Davis whereby Richie Furays new band Poco would sign with Epic. Also contributing to the success was its distribution of Philadelphia International Records. Sony bought CBS Records in 1987, and the company was renamed Sony Music in 1991. In 2004, Sony merged with another powerhouse music distributor, BMG, bringing labels such as RCA, Arista, Columbia, Epic, Jive, in February 2009, singer and songwriter Amanda Ghost was appointed president of Epic Records. Later in the year, Sony BMG Music merged Epic and Columbias operations, Sony BMGs Legacy Recordings reissues the companys classic and catalog titles
Epic Records
–
Classic radial sound sunburst logo, used from the 1960s to 1973, revived in late 1998; used until 2005. Still used on Japanese operations. This logo was used on
Pearl Jam 's
Vitalogy in 1994,
No Code in 1996 and
Yield in February 1998.
Epic Records
–
Epic Records
Epic Records
–
Primary businesses
8.
Debbie Harry
–
Deborah Ann Debbie Harry is an American singer-songwriter and actress best known as the lead singer of the new wave band Blondie. She recorded several worldwide number one singles with Blondie during the 1970s and 1980s and she is sometimes considered the first rapper to chart at number one in the United States owing to her work on Rapture. She has also had success as a solo artist before reforming Blondie in the late 1990s and her acting career spans over 60 film roles and numerous television appearances. Deborah Harry was born in Miami, Florida, and then adopted at three months of age by Richard Smith and Catherine Harry, gift shop proprietors in Hawthorne and she attended Hawthorne High School, where she graduated in 1963. She graduated from Centenary College in Hackettstown, New Jersey, with an Associate of Arts degree in 1965, before starting her singing career, she moved to New York City in the late 1960s and worked as a secretary at BBC Radios office there for one year. Later, she was a waitress at Maxs Kansas City, a dancer in a Union City, New Jersey discothèque. In the late 1960s, Harry began her career as a backing singer for the folk rock group the Wind in the Willows. The group also recorded an album, it was never released. In 1974, Harry joined the Stilettoes with Elda Gentile and Amanda Jones and her eventual boyfriend and Blondie guitarist, Chris Stein, joined the band shortly after. After leaving the Stilettoes, Harry and Stein formed Angel and the Snake with Tish Bellomo, shortly thereafter, Harry and Stein formed Blondie, naming it after the term of address men often called Harry when she bleached her hair blonde. Members of Blondie quickly became regulars at Maxs Kansas City and CBGB in New York City, after a debut album in 1976, commercial success followed in the late 1970s to the early 1980s, first in Australia and Europe and then in the United States. In 1989 and 2010 interviews, Harry claimed that during the early 1970s she had lured into a car driven by serial killer Ted Bundy while in New York City. Snopes. com noted that Ann Rule, an author of a book on Bundy, while leading Blondie, Harry and Stein became partners in life as well as musically. In the mid 1980s, she took a few years off to care for Stein while he suffered with pemphigus, Stein and Harry broke up in the 1980s but continued to work together. In a 2014 Daily Mail interview, Harry confirmed rumors that she has had relationships with women. She had made remarks in previous interviews. With her distinctive features and two-tone bleached-blonde hair, Harry quickly became a punk icon. Her look was popularized by the bands early presence in the music video revolution of the era
Debbie Harry
–
Debbie Harry performing in
Toronto in October 1977
Debbie Harry
–
Promotional photo from 1977
Debbie Harry
–
Harry performing in July 2007
Debbie Harry
–
Debbie Harry in 2006
9.
Chris Stein
–
Christopher Chris Stein is the co-founder and guitarist of the new wave band Blondie. He is also a producer and performer for the soundtrack of the hip hop film, Wild Style. Steins photography was published most recently in September 2014 by Rizzoli International in his book, Chris Stein / Negative, Me, Blondie, Stein also ran the Animal Records label between 1982 and 1984. In 1983, Stein was diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune disease of the skin. Stein had developed a form of the disease, and was able to control it with a program of steroids. As of 2016, he was touring and recording with Blondie. Stein is Jewish and was born to Jewish parents in Brooklyn, while in Blondie, Stein and Harry maintained a romantic relationship but never married. In 1989, the couple went their ways but have continued to work together on a professional basis. Stein was co-host of TV Party, a television cable TV show in New York City. In 1999, Stein married the actress Barbara Sicuranza, and they have two daughters, Akira and Valentina, list of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees Chris Stein official website Blondie official website International Pemphigus Foundation Rednight. net
Chris Stein
–
Stein at
SXSW in 2014
10.
Clem Burke
–
Clement Clem Burke is an American musician who is best known as the drummer for the band Blondie from 1975, shortly after the band formed, throughout the bands entire career. Burkes early experiences behind the drum kit began in the late 1960s and early 1970s as one of the members of Bayonnes premier cover bands, Total Environment. Burke also gained knowledge from his stint as a drummer in the famed Saint Andrew Bridgmen Drum. Recruited by Debbie Harry and Chris Stein when Blondie was first forming in 1974 and his style of playing was influenced by Hal Blaine, Keith Moon, Ringo Starr, and Earl Palmer. In 1987 he stood in as drummer for the Ramones for two gigs, on August 28 in Providence, Rhode Island, and August 29 in Trenton, New Jersey, after the sudden departure of Richie Ramone. On October 8,2004, he again played under the name Elvis Ramone, when he joined Tommy Ramone, C. J. Ramone. He has recorded and played live with Wanda Jackson and Nancy Sinatra, Burke also played on the Go-Gos member Kathy Valentines solo release, Light Years in 2005. He was inducted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2006 as a member of Blondie. In 2007, Burke joined Slinky Vagabond with David Bowie guitarist Earl Slick, Glen Matlock, in July 2011, Burke received an honorary doctorate from the University of Gloucestershire, as a result of the drumming project. In December 2011 he formed the band The International Swingers with Sex Pistols bass player Glen Matlock, guitarist James Stevenson of Generation X and singer Gary Twinn of Supernaut. About the same time he became a member of the Split Squad, participating in tours, appearances at SXSW festivals. In 2014, Burke was a member of the Empty Hearts. The bands self-titled first album was released August 5,2014, in 2015, via PledgeMusic, the band The International Swingers raised the money to record their first full-length self-titled album, The International Swingers. The album was recorded at Studio 606 in LA which is owned by the Foo Fighters and it was then mixed by Peter Walsh who has worked with Simple Minds, Pulp and most recently Scott Walker
Clem Burke
–
Clem Burke in 2009
11.
Matt Katz-Bohen
–
Matthew Jeremy Matt Katz-Bohen is a songwriter, producer, and multi-instrumentalist. Since 2008, he has been the keyboardist for the rock band Blondie, Katz-Bohen was born in Manhattan, New York. He started playing piano and then guitar in elementary school and he then attended the Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School in New York City, where he studied violin and composition. As a guitarist, Katz-Bohen has backed performers Boy George, Ashford & Simpson, Jody Watley, Lady Miss Kier, John Cameron Mitchell, Debbie Harry, the Toilet Böys, and Princess Superstar. As a keyboardist, in 2013 he performed on a single, Every Empire – Change In 2015, since 2015, he has served as substitute music director in the Broadway production of Hedwig And The Angry Inch, and performed in the production on both keys and guitar. With the production starting a national tour October 2016, Katz-Bohen assumes a new role as the Associate Conductor through the end of the tour in mid-2017. After Katz-Bohen met his wife, Laurel Barclay, in elementary school, they began composing and performing songs. Playing primarily in NYC, the couple performed under that name with a changing line-up of musicians through 1998, then in 1999, they changed the bands name to Daddy. Daddys members were Matt, Laurel, James Caputo, and Ben Ritter, ned Vizzini of the New York Press characterized their sound as, Cross David Bowie with Black Flag and Cabaret and you get NYCs own Daddy, of course. In 2005, Matt and Laurel won a SESAC Songwriters Hall of Fame Abe Olman scholarship award, Daddy often played the legendary Squeezebox parties, and in 2006–2007, toured the United States and Canada. GoonSquad was formed with Matt, Laurel, and Guy Furrow, in 2006, Katz-Bohen was frequently playing with Furrow at the night club Speed on 39th street. Furrow was the DJ and Katz-Bohen played guitar in the house band, different celebrities, artists and performers would come sing with the band. Katz-Bohen joined Blondie in 2008 for the Parallel Lines 30th Anniversary Tour, in he explains the circumstances that led to him meeting Blondie vocalist Debbie Harry, and soon afterwards being invited to join the band on keyboards. A complete listing of all the venues may be found in the Blondie Gig List. He also produced and wrote three songs for Blondies 2014 release of their tenth studio album, Blondie 4 Ever, A Rose by Any Name, Take Me in the Night. In a March 2014 interview with Blondie frontwoman Debbie Harry, she credits Katz-Bohen with making, onstage with Blondie, he uses a Roland Fantom-G, Dave Smith Prophet 08, Roland VK8, Propellerhead Reason, and Ableton Live. In addition to instruments, when producing, he favors the Roland Juno-106, Jupiter-6. With Guy Furrow, he co-produced and performed in Merry Effin Christmas In 2007 and they have known each other since age 12
Matt Katz-Bohen
–
Katz-Bohen at the former Tammany Hall Bldg. (NYC) Spring/Summer 2012
12.
Tommy Kessler
–
Tommy Kessler is an American guitarist from Springboro, Ohio, currently in the new wave Blondie. Kessler joined Blondie in April 2010, replacing guitarist Paul Carbonara who had left Blondie during the sessions for their studio album, Panic of Girls. Despite playing only on two songs Kessler was credited as a full member in the liner notes. Tommy Kessler also performs as a guitarist in the fictional 1980s rock band Arsenal in the Broadway musical, Rock of Ages and he has also been part of the band in the New York City performance of Blue Man Group since 2006. Tommy also mixes albums for other musicians and he mixed Joel Hoekstra 2015 release entitled Joel Hoekstras 13, Dying to Live. Http, //www. gigslutz. co. uk/interview-tommy-kessler-blondie/ Official website Rock of Ages Blondie
Tommy Kessler
–
Kessler performing with Blondie during their 2010 Endangered Species World Tour
13.
Gary Lachman
–
Gary Joseph Lachman, also known as Gary Valentine, is an American writer and musician. He came to prominence in the mid-1970s as the bass guitarist for the punk rock/new wave band Blondie, since the 1990s, Lachman has written full-time, often about mysticism and occultism. Gary Valentine was one of the members of Blondie, having joined the band as bassist in April 1975 when Fred Smith left to join Television. He wrote the music to the bands first single, X-Offender, in 1977 he left the group to form his own band and was replaced by Nigel Harrison, just as Blondie were starting to gain recognition. His song Presence, Dear was a UK top ten hit in 1978, after Blondie, Gary moved to L. A. and in 1978 released a single, The First One/Tomorrow Belongs to You on Beat Records. Shortly after this he formed The Know, with Joel Turrisi, after a year and a half Joel left the band and was replaced by drummer John McGarvey. In 1980 The Know released a single I Like Girls/Dreams on Planet Records and were the only bi-coastal US power pop band, developing large followings in New York, failing to secure an album deal, he disbanded The Know and in 1981 played guitar with Iggy Pop. In 1996, after moving to London, he was asked to participate in the Blondie re-union, in 1997 he performed with Blondie at several major festival concerts in the US. Back in London Gary worked with former X-Ray Spex saxophonist Lora Logic, in 1998 he formed Fire Escape with violinist Ruth Jones and performed songs he had written for the Blondie reunion album. They released an EP to little fanfare and went on a permanent hiatus after two years, a compilation of Garys work in music entitled Tomorrow Belongs to You, was released in 2003 on the UK label Overground Records. In 2006, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, because of his time with Blondie, Lachman moved to London in 1996 and became a full-time writer, contributing to The Guardian, Mojo, Times Literary Supplement and other journals. His first book, Turn Off Your Mind, The Mystic Sixties and the Dark Side of the Age of Aquarius, a revisionist history of the 1960s counter culture, appeared in 2001. It was followed in 2002 by New York Rocker, My Life in The Blank Generation, the Dedalus Book of the Occult, A Dark Muse charted the influence of the occult on western literature since the Enlightenment. D. Ouspensky, the Austrian spiritual scientist Rudolf Steiner, the Swedish religious thinker Emanuel Swedenborg, and he is a regular contributor to the Independent on Sunday, Fortean Times, and other journals in the US and UK, lectures frequently and occasionally broadcasts on the BBC. His work has been compared to Colin Wilson, and has translated into German, Finnish, Czech, Russian, French, Dutch, Spanish, Norwegian, Italian. In 2014 Lachman took part in the annual Engelsberg Seminar held in Avesta, Sweden, lecturing on gnosis, in 2015 Lachman lectured on Rejected Knowledge to the Marion Institute as part of their Living in the Real World seminar. Recent years have seen Lachman lecturing on a variety of esoteric and cultural topics in Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, France, the Netherlands, Great Britain, and the United States
Gary Lachman
–
Lachman performing at the International centre, Toronto, October 9, 1976
14.
Rock music
–
It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
Rock music
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Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2006, showing a quartet lineup for a rock band (from left to right: bassist, lead vocalist, drummer, and guitarist).
Rock music
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Elvis Presley in a promotion shot for
Jailhouse Rock in 1957
Rock music
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Chubby Checker in 2005
Rock music
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The Beach Boys performing in 1964
15.
Parallel Lines
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In geometry, parallel lines are lines in a plane which do not meet, that is, two lines in a plane that do not intersect or touch each other at any point are said to be parallel. By extension, a line and a plane, or two planes, in three-dimensional Euclidean space that do not share a point are said to be parallel. However, two lines in space which do not meet must be in a common plane to be considered parallel. Parallel planes are planes in the same space that never meet. Parallel lines are the subject of Euclids parallel postulate, parallelism is primarily a property of affine geometries and Euclidean space is a special instance of this type of geometry. Some other spaces, such as space, have analogous properties that are sometimes referred to as parallelism. For example, A B ∥ C D indicates that line AB is parallel to line CD, in the Unicode character set, the parallel and not parallel signs have codepoints U+2225 and U+2226, respectively. In addition, U+22D5 represents the relation equal and parallel to, given parallel straight lines l and m in Euclidean space, the following properties are equivalent, Every point on line m is located at exactly the same distance from line l. Line m is in the plane as line l but does not intersect l. When lines m and l are both intersected by a straight line in the same plane, the corresponding angles of intersection with the transversal are congruent. Thus, the property is the one usually chosen as the defining property of parallel lines in Euclidean geometry. The other properties are consequences of Euclids Parallel Postulate. Another property that also involves measurement is that parallel to each other have the same gradient. The definition of parallel lines as a pair of lines in a plane which do not meet appears as Definition 23 in Book I of Euclids Elements. Alternative definitions were discussed by other Greeks, often as part of an attempt to prove the parallel postulate, proclus attributes a definition of parallel lines as equidistant lines to Posidonius and quotes Geminus in a similar vein. Simplicius also mentions Posidonius definition as well as its modification by the philosopher Aganis, at the end of the nineteenth century, in England, Euclids Elements was still the standard textbook in secondary schools. A major difference between these texts, both between themselves and between them and Euclid, is the treatment of parallel lines. These reform texts were not without their critics and one of them, Charles Dodgson, wrote a play, Euclid and His Modern Rivals, one of the early reform textbooks was James Maurice Wilsons Elementary Geometry of 1868
Parallel Lines
16.
Call Me (Blondie song)
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Call Me is a song by the American new wave band Blondie and the theme to the 1980 film American Gigolo. Released in the US in early 1980 as a single, Call Me was number one for six weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also hit #1 in the UK and Canada, where it became their fourth, in the year-end charts of 1980 it was Billboards #1 hit, and according to Billboard magazine, was the top-selling single of the year in the United States in 1980 and RPMs #3. Call Me was the theme song of the 1980 film American Gigolo. It was at time that Moroder turned to Debbie Harry. Moroder presented Harry with an instrumental track called Man Machine. Harry was asked to write the lyrics and melody, a process that Harry states took only a few hours, Harry stated that the song is about driving, and that When I was writing it, I pictured the opening scene, driving on the coast of California. The completed song was recorded by the band, with Moroder producing. The bridge of the original English-language version also includes Harry singing Call me, my darling in Italian, the Spanish version, titled Llámame, was meant for release in Mexico and some South American countries. This version was released in the US and the UK and had its CD debut on Chrysalis/EMIs rarities compilation Blonde. In 1988, a version by Ben Liebrand taken from the Blondie remix album Once More into the Bleach was issued as a single in the UK. In 2001 the original version appeared as a bonus track on the Autoamerican album re-issue. Harry recorded a version of the song, backed by the Muppet Band. It was first broadcast in January 1981, the single was released in the United States in February 1980. It peaked at No.1 for six weeks, and was certified Gold by the RIAA. It also spent four weeks at No.2 on the US dance chart, the single was also No.1 on Billboard magazines 1980 year-end chart. The song lists at No.44 on Billboards All Time Top 100 and it was released in the UK two months later, where it became Blondies fourth UK No.1 single in little over a year. The song was played on a British Telecom advert in the 1980s
Call Me (Blondie song)
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German edition
Call Me (Blondie song)
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"Call Me"
Call Me (Blondie song)
Call Me (Blondie song)
17.
Rapture (Blondie song)
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Rapture is a song by the American pop rock band Blondie from their fifth studio album, Autoamerican. In January 1981, Rapture was released as the second and final single from the album, the song reached No.1 on the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart, where it stayed for two weeks. It was the first No.1 song in the U. S. to feature rap, the song peaked at No.4 in Australia and No.5 in the United Kingdom. Rapture is a combination of disco, funk, and hip hop with the rap section forming an extended coda, the song title Rapture served to indicate this element. While it was not the first single featuring rapping to be commercially successful and its lyrics were especially notable for namechecking hip-hop pioneers Fab Five Freddy and Grandmaster Flash. The music video made its U. S. television debut on Solid Gold on January 31,1981, set in the East Village section of Manhattan, the Man from Mars or voodoo god is the introductory and central figure. Much of the video is a scene of Debbie Harry dancing along the street, passing by graffiti artists, Uncle Sam, an American Indian. Fab Five Freddy and graffiti artists Lee Quinones and Jean-Michel Basquiat make cameo appearances, Basquiat was hired when Grandmaster Flash did not show for the filming. The UK7 version of the song is used in the video. S. and UK7 and 12 singles were quite different. The US7 single, also issued with a different cover picture, used the Autoamerican album version, for the UK and other market single releases, producer Mike Chapman remixed the track completely. The Special Disco Mix has a different intro, an instrumental break with new percussion overdubbed and includes the extra verse. The album track Live It Up was also extended and remixed for the B-side of the non-U. S and this 8-minute version was included on the 1994 UK CD edition of Autoamerican and was re-issued as part of EMIs 15-disc Blondie Singles Box in 2004. Blondie re-recorded the song for their 2014 compilation album Greatest Hits Deluxe Redux, the compilation was part of a 2-disc set called Blondie 4 Ever which included their 10th studio album Ghosts of Download and marked the 40th anniversary of the forming of the band. The picture of Debbie Harry used for the UK editions of the original 7 and 12 Rapture singles was later used for the cover of 1995 compilation Beautiful, The Remix Album. Other than the remixes from 1981, the first official remix of Rapture can be found on the 1988 compilation album Once More into the Bleach. The track was remixed again and reissued as a single in both the UK and the US in 1994 this time peaking at No.8 in the U. S. Billboard Hot Dance Club Play. This remix was included on compilations The Platinum Collection, Beautiful, The Remix Album and Remixed Remade Remodeled, in 2005, Rapture was mashed with The Doors 1971 single Riders on the Storm into Rapture Riders by Go Home Productions. This unofficial mashup remix was approved by both bands and released as a single credited to Blondie vs
Rapture (Blondie song)
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UK cover art
Rapture (Blondie song)
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"Rapture"
18.
Heart of Glass (song)
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Heart of Glass is a song by the American new wave band Blondie, written by singer Debbie Harry and guitarist Chris Stein. In December 2004, Rolling Stone ranked the song number 255 on its list of the 500 greatest songs of all time and it was ranked at number 259 when the list was updated in April 2010. Slant Magazine placed it at number 42 on their list of the greatest dance songs of all time, currently, Heart of Glass is ranked at number 56 in the UKs official list of biggest selling singles of all-time with sales of 1.3 million copies. French music producer and DJ Bob Sinclar and Brazilian supermodel Gisele Bündchen recorded a version of Heart of Glass in 2014 that became an international European hit. The song was recorded for H&M clothing stores 2014 advertising campaign, proceeds from download sales were donated to UNICEF. Debbie Harry and Chris Stein wrote a version of Heart of Glass, called Once I Had a Love. This earlier version was recorded as a demo in 1975. The song had a slower, funkier sound with a disco beat. For this reason the band referred to it as The Disco Song, the song was re-recorded in a second demo with the same title in 1978, when the song was made a bit more pop-oriented. Harry said that Heart of Glass was one of the first songs Blondie wrote, wed tried it as a ballad, as reggae, but it never quite worked, and that the lyrics werent about anyone. They were just a plaintive moan about lost love and it was only when the band met with producer Mike Chapman to start work on Parallel Lines that Harry recalled Chapman asked us to play all the songs we had. At the end, he said, Have you got anything else and we sheepishly said, Well, there is this old one. He liked it – he thought it was fascinating and started to pull it into focus, exactly who decided to give the song a more pronounced disco vibe is subject to differing recollections. On some occasions, the producer Mike Chapman has stated that he convinced Harry, on other occasions, Chapman has credited Harry with the idea. As a band, Blondie had experimented with disco before, both in the predecessors to Heart of Glass and in cover songs that the band played at shows. Bassist Gary Valentine noted that the set list for early Blondie shows often included disco hits such as Honey Bee or My Imagination, thats the kind of stuff that I want to do. A notable example of type of musical experimentation occurred when Blondie covered Donna Summers I Feel Love at the Blitz Benefit on May 7,1978. It was arguably the first time in New York, in the middle of the great rock versus disco split, Blondie went on to record Heart of Glass, other groups recorded other danceable songs, and dance rock was born
Heart of Glass (song)
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"Heart of Glass"
Heart of Glass (song)
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UK edition of the "Heart of Glass" single with alternative cover art
Heart of Glass (song)
19.
Disco
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Disco is a genre of dance music containing elements of funk, soul, pop, and salsa. It achieved popularity during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, Disco can be seen as a reaction against both the domination of rock music and the stigmatization of dance music by the counterculture during this period. It was popular with men and women, from many different backgrounds. The disco sound often has several components, a beat, an eighth note or 16th note hi-hat pattern with an open hi-hat on the off-beat. In most disco tracks, string sections, horns, electric piano, Orchestral instruments such as the flute are often used for solo melodies, and lead guitar is less frequently used in disco than in rock. Many disco songs use electronic synthesizers, particularly in the late 1970s, well-known 1970s disco performers included Donna Summer, the Bee Gees, Boney M. KC and the Sunshine Band, The Trammps, Sylvester, Village People, Gloria Gaynor and Chic. While performers and singers garnered much attention, record producers working behind the scenes played an important role in developing the disco sound. Many non-disco artists recorded songs at the height of discos popularity. Disco was the last mass popular movement that was driven by the baby boom generation. Disco was a phenomenon, but its popularity drastically declined in the United States in 1980. Disco Demolition Night, an anti-disco protest held in Chicago on 12 July 1979, is thought of as a factor in discos fast. By the late 1970s most major U. S. cities had thriving disco club scenes, Studio 54, a venue popular amongst celebrities, is a well-known example of a disco club. Popular dances included the Hustle, a suggestive dance. Discotheque-goers often wore expensive, extravagant and sexy fashions, Disco clubs were also associated with promiscuity. Disco was a key influence on the 1980s electronic dance style called house. The term is derived from discothèque, by the early 1940s, the terms disc jockey and DJ were in use to describe radio presenters. During WWII, because of restrictions set in place by the Nazi occupiers, eventually more than one of these jazz venues had the proper name discothèque. By 1959, the term was used in Paris to describe any of these type of nightclubs and that year a young reporter named Klaus Quirini started to select and introduce records at the Scotch-Club in Aachen, West Germany
Disco
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A
disco ball
Disco
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Major disco clubs had lighted dance floors, with the light flashing according to the beat.
Disco
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Man wearing Disco Sucks T-shirt.
Disco
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Students from
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City performing disco during a cultural event on campus
20.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
Pop music
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The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that the term "pop" refers to music performed by such artists as
the Rolling Stones (pictured here in a 2006 performance)
Pop music
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According to several sources,
MTV helped give rise to
pop stars such as
Michael Jackson and
Madonna; and Jackson and Madonna helped make MTV.
Pop music
21.
Reggae
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Reggae is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s. The term also denotes the modern music of Jamaica and its diaspora. A1968 single by Toots and the Maytals Do the Reggay was the first popular song to use the word reggae, effectively naming the genre, Reggae usually relates news, social gossip, and political comment. Reggae spread into a commercialized jazz field, being known first as ‘Rudie Blues’, then ‘Ska’, later ‘Blue Beat’ and it is instantly recognizable from the counterpoint between the bass and drum downbeat, and the offbeat rhythm section. The immediate origins of reggae were in ska and rock steady, from the latter, stylistically, reggae incorporates some of the musical elements of rhythm and blues, jazz, mento, calypso, African music, as well as other genres. One of the most easily recognizable elements is offbeat rhythms, staccato chords played by a guitar or piano on the offbeats of the measure, the tempo of reggae is usually slower than ska but faster than rocksteady. The concept of call and response can be found throughout reggae music, the genre of reggae music is led by the drum and bass. The bass guitar often plays the dominant role in reggae, the bass sound in reggae is thick and heavy, and equalized so the upper frequencies are removed and the lower frequencies emphasized. The guitar in reggae usually plays on the off beat of the rhythm and it is common for reggae to be sung in Jamaican Patois, Jamaican English, and Iyaric dialects. Reggae is noted for its tradition of criticism and religion in its lyrics, although many reggae songs discuss lighter, more personal subjects, such as love. Reggae has spread to countries across the world, often incorporating local instruments. Reggae en Español spread from the mainland South America countries of Venezuela, Caribbean music in the United Kingdom, including reggae, has been popular since the late 1960s, and has evolved into several subgenres and fusions. Many reggae artists began their careers in the UK, and there have been a number of European artists and bands drawing their inspiration directly from Jamaica, Reggae in Africa was boosted by the visit of Bob Marley to Zimbabwe in 1980. In Jamaica, authentic reggae is one of the biggest sources of income, the 1967 edition of the Dictionary of Jamaican English lists reggae as a recently estab. Sp. for rege, as in rege-rege, a word that can mean either rags, ragged clothing or a quarrel, a row. Reggae as a term first appeared in print with the 1968 rocksteady hit Do the Reggay by The Maytals which named the genre of Reggae for the world. Reggae historian Steve Barrow credits Clancy Eccles with altering the Jamaican patois word streggae into reggae, however, Toots Hibbert said, Theres a word we used to use in Jamaica called streggae. If a girl is walking and the look at her and say Man, shes streggae it means she dont dress well
Reggae
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Bob Marley in 1980.
Reggae
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Aston Barret
Reggae
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UB40 's former frontman
Ali Campbell performing in 2009.
Reggae
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UB40 perform in Birmingham, 2010
22.
Rap music
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It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements, MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing. Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records, while often used to refer solely to rapping, hip hop more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture. Hip hops early evolution occurred as sampling technology and drum machines became available and affordable. Turntablist techniques such as scratching and beatmatching developed along with the breaks and Jamaican toasting, rapping developed as a vocal style in which the artist speaks or chants along rhythmically with an instrumental or synthesized beat. The Sugarhill Gangs 1979 song Rappers Delight is widely regarded to be the first hip hop record to gain popularity in the mainstream. The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles, prior to the 1980s, hip hop music was largely confined within the United States. However, during the 1980s, it began to spread to scenes in dozens of countries. New school hip hop was the wave of hip hop music, originating in 1983–84 with the early records of Run-D. M. C. The Golden age hip hop period was a period between the mid-1980s and the early 1990s. Notable artists from this era include the Juice Crew, Public Enemy, & Rakim, Boogie Down Productions and KRS-One, EPMD, Slick Rick, Beastie Boys, Kool G Rap, Big Daddy Kane, Ultramagnetic MCs, De La Soul, and A Tribe Called Quest. Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop that often focuses on the violent lifestyles, in the West Coast hip hop style, G-funk dominated mainstream hip hop for several years during the 1990s. I. G. In the 1990s, hip hop began to diversify with other regional styles emerging, such as Southern rap, at the same time, hip hop continued to be assimilated into other genres of popular music, examples being Neo soul and nu metal. Hip hop became a pop music genre in the mid-1990s. The popularity of hip hop music continued through the 2000s, with hip hop influences also increasingly finding their way into mainstream pop, the United States also saw the success of regional styles such as crunk, a Southern genre that emphasized the beats and music more than the lyrics. Starting in 2005, sales of hip hop music in the United States began to severely wane, during the mid-2000s, alternative hip hop secured a place in the mainstream, due in part to the crossover success of artists such as OutKast and Kanye West. Creation of the hip hop is often credited to Keith Cowboy, rapper with Grandmaster Flash. However, Lovebug Starski, Keith Cowboy, and DJ Hollywood used the term when the music was known as disco rap. Cowboy later worked the hip hop cadence into a part of his stage performance, the first use of the term in print was in The Village Voice, by Steven Hager, later author of a 1984 history of hip hop
Rap music
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1520 Sedgwick Avenue, the Bronx, a venue used by Kool Herc that is often considered the birthplace of hip hop in 1973
Rap music
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DJ Kool Herc, recognized as one of the earliest hip hop artists
Rap music
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Grandmaster Flash
Rap music
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Afrika Bambaataa (left)
23.
The Hunter (Blondie album)
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The Hunter is the sixth studio album by American band Blondie, released in May 1982. It was Blondies last album of new material until 1999s No Exit and it was recorded in the fall of 1981 and January and February 1982. The Hunter is loosely a concept based on the theme, searching, pursuing. Tracks on the album include Jimmy Destris Motown pastiche Danceway, while Dragonfly has a theme to its lyrics about a race in space. The Beast deals with Deborah Harrys experiences of becoming a figure, I am the centre of attraction. The album concludes with a version of Smokey Robinsons The Hunter Gets Captured by the Game. The song For Your Eyes Only was originally written for the 1981 James Bond film of the same name, the producers of the film, however, favored a track composed by Bill Conti and Michael Leeson and asked Blondie to record that song instead. Blondie declined, the Conti/Leeson song was passed on to Sheena Easton, Blondie opted to release their song on The Hunter. Two singles were released from the album, Island of Lost Souls, Danceway was planned for release as a single in Canada but the single was withdrawn. In the liner notes to the 2001 reissue of The Hunter, producer Mike Chapman stated I knew that we were in a different, I could tell that things were different now, and I knew that this would be the last Blondie album. The album peaked at #9 in the UK, #15 in Australia, compared to Blondies three previous albums with Mike Chapman as producer, The Hunter proved to be a disappointment, both commercially and critically. Six months after its release, the band splintered, the summer Tracks Across America Tour 82 was set to promote the album, but turned out to be unsuccessful. The bands European tour which was due to follow in autumn was cancelled, the Hunter was digitally remastered and reissued by Chrysalis Records UK in 1994, and again by EMI-Capitol in 2001, both times with the 12 version of War Child as the only bonus track
The Hunter (Blondie album)
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The Hunter
24.
Maria (Blondie song)
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Maria is a song by the American band Blondie, taken from their 1999 album No Exit. This song was Blondies comeback single, their first since War Child in July 1982, the song peaked at number eighty two on the Billboard Hot 100. Internationally, the song topped the charts in the United Kingdom and it also peaked within the top ten of the charts in Austria, Belgium, Germany, the Republic of Ireland, Sweden and Switzerland. The song was written by the bands keyboardist Jimmy Destri, who had also penned some of their hits such as Atomic. In the US, the reached number 14 on the Adult Top 40 listing. The line. like a millionaire/walking on imported air was used in a previous Blondie song, Walk Like Me, the music video for the song was directed by Alan Smithee. The song was included on the 2014 compilation album Greatest Hits Deluxe Redux, the compilation was part of a 2-disc set called Blondie 4 Ever which included their 10th studio album Ghosts of Download and marked the 40th anniversary of the forming of the band. The music video for the song is set in New York City, the video goes through different camera angles and surveillance cameras through the video as the mysterious men set up too. All tracks written by Jimmy Destri unless otherwise noted. UK CD1 Maria –4,09 Maria –4,08 Maria –4,39 UK CD2 Maria –4,09 Screaming Skin –6,05 In the Flesh -2,56 Tracks 2 and 3 recorded at the Lyceum Theatre, London on 22 November 1998. The whole song was featured in the 2012 French movie Another Womans Life, with Juliette Binoche, the whole song was featured in the 2006 Korean movie 200 Pounds Beauty. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Maria (Blondie song)
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"Maria"
Maria (Blondie song)
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US edition of the "Maria" single with alternative cover art.
25.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a hall of fame and museum located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States. In 1986, Cleveland was chosen as the hall of fames permanent home.8 billion, the Foundation began inducting artists in 1986, but the Hall of Fame still had no home. The search committee considered several cities, including Philadelphia, Memphis, Detroit, Cincinnati, New York City, Cleveland was also one of the premier tour stops for most rock bands. Civic leaders in Cleveland pledged $65 million in money to fund the construction. A petition drive was signed by 600,000 fans favoring Cleveland over Memphis, on May 5,1986, the Hall of Fame Foundation chose Cleveland as the permanent home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. Sam Phillips of Sun Studios fame and many others were stunned and disappointed that it ended up in Cleveland, the hall of fame shouldve been in Memphis, certainly, wrote Peter Guralnick, author of an acclaimed two-volume Elvis Presley biography. Cleveland may also have chosen as the organizations site because the city offered the best financial package. As The Plain Dealer music critic Michael Norman noted, It was $65 million, Cleveland wanted it here and put up the money. During early discussions on where to build the Hall of Fame and Museum, ultimately, the chosen location was along East Ninth Street in downtown Cleveland by Lake Erie, east of Cleveland Stadium. Initial CEO Dr. Larry R. Thompson facilitated I. M. Pei in designs for the site, Pei came up with the idea of a tower with a glass pyramid protruding from it. The museum tower was planned to stand 200 ft high. The buildings base is approximately 150,000 square feet, the groundbreaking ceremony took place on June 7,1993. Pete Townshend, Chuck Berry, Billy Joel, Sam Phillips, Ruth Brown, Sam Moore of Sam and Dave, Carl Gardner of the Coasters and Dave Pirner of Soul Asylum all appeared at the groundbreaking. The museum was dedicated on September 1,1995, with the ribbon being cut by an ensemble that included Yoko Ono and Little Richard, among others, the following night an all-star concert was held at the stadium. It featured Chuck Berry, Bob Dylan, Al Green, Jerry Lee Lewis, Aretha Franklin, Bruce Springsteen, Iggy Pop, John Fogerty, John Mellencamp, and many others. In addition to the Hall of Fame inductees, the documents the entire history of rock and roll. Hall of Fame inductees are honored in an exhibit located in a wing that juts out over Lake Erie. Since 1986, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has selected new inductees, the formal induction ceremony has been held in New York City 25 times, twice in Los Angeles, and four times in the Hall of Fames home in Cleveland
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The former Annex in Soho in New York City (now closed)
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (left) sits on the
Lake Erie shore next to the
Great Lakes Science Center (right) in Cleveland's
North Coast Harbor.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, showing
Lake Erie in the foreground
26.
Blondie 4(0) Ever
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Blondie 4 Ever is a double album by American rock band Blondie, released on May 12,2014, by Noble ID in celebration of the bands 40th anniversary. The two-disc package consists of Greatest Hits Deluxe Redux, a collection of re-recordings of Blondies past singles, the latter spawned three singles, A Rose by Any Name, Sugar on the Side, and I Want to Drag You Around. Blondie began working on their tenth album shortly after the release of their studio album. In early March 2013, the band announced via Facebook and Twitter that they were putting finishing touches to new music, the album was recorded at Mercy Sound Studios in New York City and at Skyline Studios in Oakland, California. Guitarist and co-founder Chris Stein announced that artists scheduled to feature on the album include girl group Stush, hip hop group Los Rakas, and Colombian electronica artist Systema Solar. On June 18, the group announced through Facebook that they were recording but almost finished. Stein stated in August that an EDM collaboration with Hector Fonseca would be included on the album and this project was ongoing since we finished Panic of Girls, Stein commented. Its been like two years that I have been working on this and this one is more computer-based than the last record, which was more band-based. A lot of the programmed parts remained on the record, more so than the previous records, I spent a lot of time doing this at home, and then sending things back and forth with our producer Jeff Saltzman. He helped develop melodies with me, and that was really gratifying, and he had this assistant, Natalie Hawkins, who helped with the melodies too. There was a lot of collaboration with record, more so than previous records, except perhaps for Autoamerican which had a lot of outside players on it. Debbie Harry also commented, Its always the music, the music is the primary inspiration, every piece has its own mood, its own arc and a lot of times the lyrics sort of suggest themselves. Oh, with Debbie, we just have a lot of unsaid communication, I dont have to ask her much because she will always have the same conclusions, Stein said. Harry agreed, Most recently, there were a couple of lines in a song that he came up with, so I mean, it just sort of happens. The title of Blondies tenth studio album was confirmed to be Ghosts of Download on June 18,2013, according to Stein, the title refers to all spirits in the background of electricity and data. An early version of the listing was unveiled on June 28 through Pandora. The albums release was postponed several times and it was originally scheduled to be released in November 2013, but the release was pushed back to January 2014 in order to avoid the rush of albums released for the Christmas period. On December 31,2013, Harry stated in an interview on CNNs New Years Eve Live that the album would be released in March 2014
Blondie 4(0) Ever
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Greatest Hits Deluxe Redux cover
27.
Mercer Arts Center
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The Kitchen is a non-profit, multi-disciplinary art and performance space located at 512 West 19th Street, between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. Although first intended as a location for the exhibition of art, The Kitchen soon expanded its mission to include other forms of art. In 1974, The Kitchen relocated to a building at the corner of Wooster and Broome Streets in SoHo, in 1987 it moved to its current location. The first music director of The Kitchen was composer Rhys Chatham, the venue became known as a place where many No Wave bands like Glenn Branca, Lydia Lunch and James Chance performed. Jones, David Byrne/Talking Heads, chameckilerner, John Jasperse, Bryce Dessner, Nico Muhly, ETHEL, Chris McIntyre, Sylvie Degiez, Wayne Lopes/CosmicLegends, and Cindy Sherman. Today, The Kitchen focuses on presenting emerging artists, most of whom are local and its facilities include a 155-seat black box performance space and a gallery space for audio and visual exhibitions. The Kitchen presents work in music, dance, performance, video, film, visual art, the Vasulkas, with help from Andy Mannik, opened The Kitchen as a presentation space for video artists on June 15,1971. Later that year, the Vasulkas added music to their programming, the Kitchen continued their eclectic programming at the Mercer Arts Center until the summer of 1973 when they began planning to move to 59 Wooster Street. On August 3,1973, the building housed the Mercer Arts Center collapsed. The 1973-1974 season started in The Kitchen’s new location at the corner of Wooster, during its time on 59 Wooster Street The Kitchen emerged as New York’s premiere avant-garde and experimental arts center. In addition to a space, a gallery and video viewing room were established at this location. The Kitchen moved uptown to 512 West 19th Street to begin the spring 1986 season, the inaugural event series in The Kitchen’s new home was entitled New Ice Nights. The Kitchen remains a space for interdisciplinary and experimental work by focusing its programming on emerging artists, in fall of 2011, after seven years as the Executive Director and Chief Curator of The Kitchen, Debra Singer handed over the reins to former ArtForum Editor-in-Chief Tim Griffin. In 2012, Hurricane Sandy flooded The Kitchen with four feet of water from the Hudson River, lumi Tan, one of the museums curators, was named one of the 25 women curators to watch by ArtNet in 2015. In 1971 Hermann Nitsch staged Aktions with bodies of slaughtered animals, charlie Morrow staged Spirit Voices, chanting as shaman with Gordon Mumma saw, Carol Weber, flutes, a tuba ensemble and high intensity soundscapes. In May 1975, Steve Reich and Musicians gave a performance of Work in Progress for 21 musicians, completed and premiered in 1976, the piece became Music for 18 Musicians, now regarded as one of the composers landmark works. In 1979, The Kitchen began its Contemporary Music Series with goal of highlighting connections between different musical genres and styles of composition, noteworthy composers presented during this series include Anthony Braxton, Philip Glass, and Anthony Davis among many others. The series was curated by composer and performer Arto Lindsay
Mercer Arts Center
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Exterior view of The Kitchen in 2011
28.
Guitarist
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A guitarist is a person who plays the guitar. Guitarists may play a variety of guitar family instruments such as guitars, acoustic guitars, electric guitars. Some guitarists accompany themselves on the guitar by singing or playing the harmonica, the correctness of techniques that a guitarist acquires depends on the quality of training. Learning how to play correctly is crucial for any guitarist no matter which guitar he/she plays, the guitarist may also employ various methods for selecting notes and chords, including fingering, thumbing, the barre, and bottleneck or steel-guitar slides, usually made of glass or metal. These left- and right-hand techniques may be intermixed in performance, while music is an art form in itself, playing an instrument such as the guitar has long been a popular subject for painters. Despite perceived tendencies in mainstream music diffusion, to Rock music and electric guitar, notable guitarists arrived from other genres, Rolling Stone In 2003, Rolling Stone magazine published a list called The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time. This list included 100 guitarists whom the magazine editor David Fricke considered the best, the first in this list is the American guitarist Jimi Hendrix introduced by Pete Townshend, guitarist for The Who, who was, in his turn, ranked at #50 in the list. Artists who had not been included in the previous list were added, rory Gallagher, for example, was ranked in 57th place. The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time is mentioned in many biographies about artists who appear in the list, despite the appearance in other magazines like Billboard, this publication by Guitar World was criticized for including no female musicians within its selection. However, Guitar World recently published a list of Eight Amazing Female Acoustic Players, including Kaki King, TIME and others Following the death of Les Paul, TIME website presented their list of 10 greatest artists in electric guitar. As in Rolling Stone magazines list, Jimi Hendrix was chosen as the greatest guitarist followed by Slash from Guns N Roses, B. B. King, Keith Richards, Jimmy Page, and Eric Clapton. Gigwise. com, a music magazine, also ranks Jimi Hendrix as the greatest guitarist ever, followed by Jimmy Page, B. B. King, Keith Richards. There are many classical guitarists listed as notable in their respective epochs, media related to Guitarists at Wikimedia Commons
Guitarist
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Montage of guitarists. The guitarists pictured are named on the image page.
Guitarist
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Guitar players in the city centre of
Buenos Aires.
29.
Playboy Bunny
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A Playboy Bunny is a waitress at a Playboy Club. More recent Playboy Clubs have also featured Bunnies, in cases with redesigned costumes based on the original bunny suit. Name According to Hugh Hefner, the Bunny was inspired by Bunnys Tavern in Urbana, Bunnys Tavern was named for its original owner, Bernard Bunny Fitzsimmons, who opened for business in 1936. Serving daily food specials for a mere thirty-five cents, as well as ten-cent draft beers, Bunnys catered to locals, one of those students was Hugh Hefner. Hefner formally acknowledged the origin of the Playboy Bunny in a letter to Bunnys Tavern, the Bunnys Tavern usage of the outfit is considered a variant of Showgirl. Costume The costume itself was conceived by Playboys director of promotions, Victor Lownes, designed by Zelda Wynn Valdes, originally the ears were taller and the ensemble lacked the trademark bow tie, collar, and cuffs. First unveiled publicly in an episode of Playboys Penthouse, it made its formal debut at the opening of the first Playboy Club in Chicago on the evening of February 29,1960. The Playboy Bunnies were waitresses who served drinks at Playboy Clubs, there were different types of Bunnies, including the Door Bunny, Cigarette Bunny, Floor Bunny, Playmate Bunny and the Jet Bunnies. To become a Bunny, women were first carefully chosen and selected from auditions, then they underwent thorough and strict training before officially becoming a Bunny. Bunnies were required to be able to identify 143 brands of liquor, most dating or mingling with customers was forbidden. Customers were also not allowed to touch the Bunnies, and demerits were given if a Bunnys appearance was not properly organized, a Bunny also had to master the required maneuvers to work. These included the Bunny Stance, a posture that was required in front of patrons, the Bunny must stand with legs together, back arched and hips tucked under. When the Bunny is resting or while waiting to be of service and she must sit on the back of a chair, sofa, or railing without sitting too close to a patron. This maneuver allowed the Bunny to serve drinks while keeping her low-cut costume in place, strict regulations were enforced by special workers in the guise of patrons. The Playboy Bunny outfit was the first service uniform registered with the United States Patent, the costume was made from rayon-satin constructed on a strapless merry widow corset teddy. Satin bunny ears, cotton tails, collars with bow ties, cuffs with cuff links, black sheer to waist pantyhose, a name tag on a satin rosette was pinned over the right hip bone. The uniforms were made for each Bunny at the club they worked in. Whenever the club was open there was a seamstress on duty
Playboy Bunny
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Playboy Bunnies at the
Playboy Mansion, July 23, 2011
Playboy Bunny
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New York Playboy Club Bunnies, Waren Smith, Tiki Owens, and Liz James, aboard
USS Wainwright c1971
Playboy Bunny
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2009
Playmate of the Year Ida Ljungqvist (left) at a
Playboy Mansion event with 2006 Playmate of the Year
Kara Monaco dressed as Bunnies
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