1.
Tim Roth
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Timothy Simon Tim Roth is an English actor and director. He made his role in the 1982 television film Made in Britain. He garnered critical acclaim for his role as Myron in the 1984 film The Hit, Roth gained more attention for his performances in The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover, Vincent & Theo and Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead. He later earned international recognition for appearing in Quentin Tarantinos films, such as Reservoir Dogs, Pulp Fiction, Four Rooms and The Hateful Eight. For the historical drama Rob Roy, Roth won the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and he made his directorial debut with The War Zone, for which he received numerous accolades. Roth attended the Strand School in Tulse Hill, as a young man, he wanted to be a sculptor and studied at Londons Camberwell College of Art. Roth made his acting début at the age of 21, playing a white power skinhead named Trevor in a 1982 TV film titled Made in Britain. He played an East End character in King of the Ghetto and he played a shy young man in the 1984 Mike Leigh film Meantime. In 1985, he appeared in the television film Murder with Mirrors and he played an apprentice hitman in Stephen Frears The Hit, earning an Evening Standard Award for Most Promising Newcomer. In 1989 he had a role as the buffoonish lackey Mitchell in Peter Greenaways The Cook. In 1990, he starred as Vincent van Gogh in Robert Altmans Vincent & Theo, Roth and other young British actors of the time, such as Gary Oldman, Colin Firth, Daniel Day-Lewis, Bruce Payne, and Paul McGann, were dubbed the Brit Pack. Roth was cast as Mr. Orange in Quentin Tarantinos 1992 film Reservoir Dogs, in 1994, Tarantino cast him as a robber in Pulp Fiction. They also collaborated in the 1995 film Four Rooms, where he played Ted and his role as Archibald Cunningham in Rob Roy earned him the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role as well as an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor, a Golden Globe nomination. In 1996, he starred in Woody Allens musical comedy Everyone Says I Love You and he also starred as Danny Boodman T. D. Lemon 1900 in The Legend of 1900, and in the same year and he made his directorial debut in 1999 with The War Zone, a film version of Alexander Stuarts novel. In 2001, he portrayed General Thade in Tim Burtons Planet of the Apes, Roth was the original choice for the role of Severus Snape in the Harry Potter film series, but he turned it down for Planet of the Apes. He was considered for the part of Hannibal Lecter in the 2001 film Hannibal before Anthony Hopkins returned to reclaim the role and he appeared in Francis Ford Coppolas Youth Without Youth and Michael Hanekes Funny Games, then starred as Emil Blonsky / Abomination in The Incredible Hulk. From 2009 to 2011, he starred in a series on Fox called Lie To Me and he played Dr. Cal Lightman, an expert on body language who assists local and federal law organisations in the investigations of crimes
2.
Cillian Murphy
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Cillian Murphy is an Irish actor of stage and screen. A native of Cork, Murphy began his career as a rock musician. After turning down a deal, he made his professional acting debut in the play Disco Pigs in 1996. While continuing with work he also began appearing in independent films. For his performance as a woman in Breakfast on Pluto. In 2006, Murphy played the role in Ken Loachs Palme dOr-winning film The Wind That Shakes the Barley. He teamed up again with Boyle for the science-fiction film Sunshine, since 2013, Murphy has played the lead in the BBC gangster series Peaky Blinders. He has continued to work on stage, and won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance for Misterman in 2011, Murphy lives with his wife and two children in Monkstown, Dublin. In 2011 Murphy became patron of the UNESCO Child and Family Research Centre at the National University of Ireland Galway and he is closely associated with the work of Professor Pat Dolan Director UCFRC and UNESCO Chair in Children, Youth and Civic Engagement. Murphy was born in Douglas and raised in Ballintemple, two suburbs of Cork and his father, Brendan, works for the Irish Department of Education, and his mother is a French teacher. Not only are his parents educators, but his aunts and uncles are also teachers, musicianship also runs in the family, and Murphy started playing music and writing songs at the age of 10. Not keen on sport, a part of life at PBC. Still, it was there that he got his first taste of performing, when he participated in a drama module presented by Pat Kiernan, Murphy later described the experience as a huge high and a fully alive feeling that he set out to chase. His English teacher, the poet and novelist William Wall, encouraged him to pursue acting, in his late teens and early twenties, Murphy worked towards a career as a rock musician, playing guitar in several bands alongside his brother Páidi. The Beatles-obsessed pair named their most successful band The Sons of Mr. Greengenes, after a 1969 song by another idol, Murphy sang and played guitar in the band, which he has said specialised in wacky lyrics and endless guitar solos. In 1996, The Sons of Mr. Murphy confessed that Im very glad in retrospect that we didnt sign because you kind of sign away your life to a label and the whole of your music. Also in 1996, Murphy began studying law at University College Cork, not only was he busy with his band, but he has said that he knew within days after starting at UCC that law was not what he wanted to do. After seeing Corcadorcas stage production of A Clockwork Orange, directed by Kiernan and his first major role was in the UCC Drama Societys amateur production of Observe the Sons of Ulster Marching Towards the Somme, also starring Irish American comedian, Des Bishop
3.
Rory Kinnear
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Rory Kinnear is an English actor and playwright who has worked with the Royal Shakespeare Company and the Royal National Theatre. He is known for playing Bill Tanner in the James Bond films Quantum of Solace, Skyfall, and Spectre and he is the youngest actor to play the role of Bill Tanner. He also won a Laurence Olivier Award for portraying Fopling Flutter in a 2008 version of The Man of Mode, in 2014, he won the Olivier Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Shakespeares villain Iago in the National Theatre production of Othello. Kinnear was born in London, England, the son of the actor Roy Kinnear and he has two sisters, Kirsty and Karina. Through his father, a well-known British comedy actor, he is the grandson of the rugby union and rugby league player Roy Kinnear. Educated at Tower House School and St Pauls School, London, he read English at Balliol College, Oxford, Kinnears performances in Phyllida Lloyds production of Mary Stuart and Trevor Nunns Hamlet, in which he played Laertes, met with acclaim. He also achieved recognition as the outrageous Sir Fopling Flutter in The Man of Mode at the National Theatre, winning a Laurence Olivier Award, in 2010, he played Angelo in Measure for Measure at the Almeida Theatre. Later in 2010 he played the role in Hamlet at the National Theatre. The two portrayals won him the best actor award in the Evening Standard drama awards for 2010, Kinnear appeared in The Last of the Haussmans by Stephen Beresford at the Royal National Theatre during the summer of 2012. The production was broadcast to cinemas around the world on 11 October 2012 through the National Theatre Live programme and he starred as Iago opposite Adrian Lester in the title role of Othello in 2013 at the National Theatre throughout the summer of 2013. Both actors won the Best Actor award in the Evening Standard Theatre Awards for their roles, the award is given to only one actor. From September 2013 the Bush Theatre in London staged Kinnears debut play The Herd, the play ran at the Steppenwolf Theatre in Chicago beginning 2 April 2015. For The Threepenny Opera at the Olivier Theatre in May 2016 Kinnear found his dormant singing voice for the role of Macheath. In February 2017 he made his debut with The Winters Tale. He currently portrays Bill Tanner in the Daniel Craig era James Bond film series taking over from Michael Kitchen. He is the person to play the character. He has appeared in Quantum of Solace, Skyfall and Spectre, as well as the films, Kinnear also lends his voice and likeness to the Bond video games, GoldenEye 007, James Bond 007, Blood Stone and 007 Legends. In 2014, he played the character, Detective Nock, in the The Imitation Game based loosely on the biography Alan Turing
4.
Denis Lawson
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Denis Stamper Lawson is a Scottish actor and director. He is the uncle of actor Ewan McGregor, Lawson was born in Crieff, Perthshire, the son of Phyllis Neno, a merchant, and Laurence Lawson, a watchmaker. Lawson was educated at Crieff Primary School and he then sold carpets and did amateur theatre work for a year in Dundee before auditioning again at RADA in London and successfully at RSAMD in Glasgow. In 2001, he reprised the role, in form, for the Nintendo GameCube game Star Wars Rogue Squadron II. He has appeared often on the West End stage, notably in the musical Mr. Cinders at the Fortune Theatre from 1983–84 and he appeared on an episode of Loose Ends hosted by Ned Sherrin on BBC Radio 4 on 10 December 2005. In 2005, he played the role of John Jarndyce in the critically acclaimed BBC adaptation of Charles Dickens Bleak House. Two years later he played Peter Syme in the BBC One drama serial Jekyll, Lawson also appeared as Captain Dreadnought Foster in ITVs dramatisations of C. S. Foresters Hornblower. He appeared in Robin Hood in which he played the Sheriff of Winchester and he also appeared in the West End playing the character of Georges in the revival of the musical hit La Cage Aux Folles. In July 2009 Lawson appeared as Alexander Fleming in a BBC Four drama called Breaking the Mould, Lawson played the part of Alices grandfather in ITV1s supernatural crime thriller Marchlands which was shown in February 2011. Lawson appeared at the Royal Court Theatre once more in The Acid Test by Anya Reiss in 2011, Lawson replaced James Bolam in the BBC One series New Tricks in its ninth series in 2012. Lawson has said that he was asked to reprise his role as Wedge in Star Wars, The Force Awakens but turned down the role because he believed it would have bored him. His sister, Carol Diane McGregor, a teacher who still lives in Perthshire, is the mother of actor Ewan McGregor who played Obi-Wan Kenobi in the Star Wars prequel trilogy. In 1979, Lawson fathered a child, Jamie Lawson, with actress Diane Fletcher and he met his wife, actress Sheila Gish, on the set of the 1985 film That Uncertain Feeling. They lived together for nearly 20 years before marrying in March 2004 in Antigua, Star Wars Rogue Squadron II, Rogue Leader Wedge Antilles Denis Lawson at the Internet Movie Database Denis Lawson Obsession – A large repository of information on his career and personal life
5.
Wild Bunch (company)
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Wild Bunch AG is a film distribution and international sales company, originally created in 1979 as Senator Film Verleih GmbH, which later became Senator Entertainment AG. The name Wild Bunch comes from the French company Wild Bunch S. A. created in 2002, Senator Entertainment AG renamed itself Wild Bunch AG in July 2015. Wild Bunch is also the international seller of Studio Ghiblis works, originally a division of StudioCanal, Wild Bunch S. A. was established as an independent company in 2002 by former employees of StudioCanal. In July 2014, the German film distributor Senator Entertainment and Wild Bunch announced their intention to join forces to launch an independent film distribution and production group, in February 2015, Senator Entertainment and Wild Bunch completed their merger. Senator Entertainment AG subsequently renamed themselves to Wild Bunch AG and will use Senator as a brand, in May 2015, Wild Bunch announce the founding of a new LA-based company, Insiders, to handle international sales of independent films. In February 2016, The Hollywood Reporter reported that a majority stake in this outfit has since sold to Bliss Media. Wild Bunch is a sales company and also a pan-European film distributor. In France, Wild Bunch is a distributor and also a video distributor through its subsidiary Wild Side. Wild Bunch also positioned itself on the distribution market through its VoD/SVoD subsidiary Filmo TV. Apart from its international activities, Wild Bunch is also a direct distributor in Italy, in Germany. Wild Bunch manages more than 1700 titles, the Kings Speech by Tom Hooper in 2011, Best Feature, Best Director for Tom Hooper, Best Actor in a leading role for Colin Firth and Best Original Screenplay. Pans Labyrinth by Guillermo del Toro in 2007, Best Art Direction, march of the Penguins by Luc Jacquet in 2006, Best Documentary. Spirited Away by Hayao Miyazaki in 2003, Best Animated Feature, the Kid with a Bike by Dardenne brothers in 2011, Grand Prix The Artist by Michel Hazanavicius en 2011, Best Actor for Jean Dujardin Poliss by Maïwenn in 2011, Prix du Jury. Nobody by Jaco Van Dormael in 2009, Golden Osella The Wrestler by Darren Aronofsky in 2008, Golden Door by Emanuele Crialese in 2006, Silver Lion. Mary by Abel Ferrara in 2005, Special Jury Prize, the Magdalene Sisters by Peter Mullan in 2002, Golden Lion. The Wayward Cloud by Tsai Ming-liang in 2005, Siver Bear of Outstanding Artistic Achievement, spirited Away by Hayao Miyazaki in 2002, Golden Bear. Official website Wild Bunch at the Internet Movie Database
6.
Cannes Film Festival
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Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès. On 1 July 2014, co-founder and former head of French pay-TV operator Canal+ Pierre Lescure took over as President of the festival, the Board of Directors also appointed Gilles Jacob as Honorary President of the festival. The 2016 Cannes Film Festival took place between 11 and 22 May 2016, australian film director George Miller was the President of the Jury. I, Daniel Blake, directed by British director Ken Loach, in 2017, The Festival de Cannes will celebrate its 70th anniversary edition from May 17 to 28. In 1947, the festival was held as the Festival du film de Cannes, at that time the principle of equality was introduced, with a jury made up of only one representative per country. The festival is now held at the Palais des Festivals, expressly constructed for the occasion, although for its 1949 inaugural the roof was unfinished, the festival was not held in 1948 and 1950 on account of budgetary problems. Although its origins may be attributed in part to the French desire to compete with Autumns Venice Film Festival, in 1955, the Palme dOr was created, replacing the Grand Prix du Festival which had been given until that year. In 1957, Dolores del Rio was the first female member of the jury as a Sélection officielle – Member, in 1959, the Marché du Film was founded, giving the festival a commercial character and facilitating exchanges between sellers and buyers in the film industry. Today it has become the first international platform for film commerce, in 1962, the International Critics Week was born, created by the French Union of Film Critics as the first parallel section of the Cannes Film Festival. Its goal was to showcase first and second works by directors all over the world. In 1965, an hommage was paid to Jean Cocteau after his death, the next year, Olivia de Havilland was named the first female president of the festival. The 1968 festival was halted on 19 May, some directors, such as Carlos Saura and Miloš Forman, had withdrawn their films from the competition. The filmmakers achieved the reinstatement of the President, and they founded the Film Directors Society that same year, during the 1970s, important changes occurred in the Festival. In 1972, Robert Favre Le Bret was named the new President and he immediately introduced an important change in the selection of the participating films. Until that date, the different countries chose which films would represent them in the festival, Bessy created one committee to select French films, and another for foreign films. In 1978, Gilles Jacob assumed the President position, introducing the Caméra dOr award, in 1983, a new, much bigger Palais des Festivals et des Congrès was built to host the Festival. It was nicknamed The Bunker and provoked many reactions against it, in 1984, Pierre Viot replaced Robert Favre Le Bret as President of the Festival. It was not until 1995 that Gilles Jacob created the last section of the Official Selection and its aim was to support the creation of works of cinema in the world and to contribute to the entry of the new scenario writers in the circle of the celebrities
7.
To Kill a Mockingbird
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To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. It was immediately successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, and has become a classic of modern American literature. The plot and characters are based on Lees observations of her family, her neighbors and an event that occurred near her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama in 1936. The novel is renowned for its warmth and humor, despite dealing with the issues of rape. The narrators father, Atticus Finch, has served as a hero for many readers. As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, the book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, reaction to the novel varied widely upon publication. Despite the number of sold and its widespread use in education. Author Mary McDonough Murphy, who collected individual impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird by several authors and public figures, in 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one every adult should read before they die. It was adapted into an Oscar-winning film in 1962 by director Robert Mulligan, since 1990, a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lees hometown. To Kill a Mockingbird was Lees only published book until Go Set a Watchman, Lee continued to respond to her works impact until her death in February 2016, although she had refused any personal publicity for herself or the novel since 1964. Born in 1926, Harper Lee grew up in the Southern town of Monroeville, Alabama and she attended Huntingdon College in Montgomery, and then studied law at the University of Alabama. While attending college, she wrote for literary magazines, Huntress at Huntingdon. At both colleges, she wrote stories and other works about racial injustice, a rarely mentioned topic on such campuses at the time. Hoping to be published, Lee presented her writing in 1957 to a literary agent recommended by Capote, Lippincott, who bought the manuscript, advised her to quit the airline and concentrate on writing. Donations from friends allowed her to write uninterrupted for a year, “he spark of the true writer flashed in every line, ” she would later recount in a corporate history of Lippincott. But as Hohoff saw it, the manuscript was by no means fit for publication
8.
Odesa International Film Festival
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The Odessa International Film Festival is an annual film festival held in the middle of the July in Odessa, Ukraine. It was held for the first time 16 –24 July 2010, however, the organizers set before themselves a rather ambitious goal, to develop it into one of the leading film forums in Eastern Europe – The Cannes of Eastern Europe. The President of the festival is Viktoriya Tigipko, the first Odessa International Film Festival was held from the 16th to 24 July 2010. It offered to its audiences a competition program of 16 films, the Rodina theater served as the main venue for the festival as well as the festival center. It screened all films in the program as well as hosting special festival events. Other screening took place all around Odessa in many city theaters, one of the most outstanding architectural monuments in all of Ukraine, the Odessa Opera and Ballet Theater, served as the venue for the opening and closing festival ceremonies. The first festival was attended by over 40 thousand audience members, in the following year, this number increased almost by a factor of 2 – over 70 thousand viewers attended and over 5 thousand guests graced the festival with their presence. Over 450 journalists from Ukraine, Russia, Germany, United States, Romania, Italy, the festival also includes a dynamic special project entitled Summer Film School), a series of master-classes, taught by noted festival guests to film students and general film fans. New opportunities for film professionals also arose in the year of the Odessa Film Festivals – a film market. The third OIFF was held during 13–21 July 2012, the latest OIFF was held the second week of July 2014. During which a fundraiser was held for, Ukrainian director imprisoned in Russia on terrorism charges, the festival competition includes 14 feature-length films. The films chosen for the competition are ones which were filmed since 1 January of the previous year, all pictures are submitted on 35mm film or DCP. Films for the competition are chosen by a committee headed by the festival program director. The central focus of the festival, as set forth by the committee, is the presence in all chosen films of a strong, unique. The Jury of the Odessa International Film Festival is made up of noted figures in areas of culture, the numbers and makeup of the jury is decided by the board of directors of the festival. In 2011, a number of parallel juries functioned alongside the international jury. The jury presents prizes in the categories, • Grand Prix of the festival for the winning film – The Golden Duke • Best Director – monetary award of 10,000 US dollars to the director. • Best Actor/Actress - award of 10,000 US dollars to the actor/actress, the films screened include the latest hits of world festivals, retrospectives and exclusive premieres of the more noteworthy works of film art shown in the category of “Special Screenings
9.
Film festival
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A film festival is an organised, extended presentation of films in one or more cinemas or screening venues, usually in a single city or region. Increasingly, film festivals show some films outdoors, films may be of recent date and, depending upon the festivals focus, can include international and domestic releases. Some festivals focus on a specific film-maker or genre or subject matter, a number of film festivals specialise in short films of a defined maximum length. Film festivals are annual events. Some film historians do not consider Film Festivals as official releases of film, the Venice Film Festival is the oldest major festival. The Melbourne International Film Festival is the largest film festival in the Southern Hemisphere, the San Sebastián International Film Festival is one of the most important and oldest film festivals in Europe. It was at this festival where the worldwide first release of North by Northwest was showed, Raindance Film Festival is the UKs largest celebration of independent film-making, and takes place in London in October. Australias first and longest running festival is the Melbourne International Film Festival. Edinburgh International Film Festival is the longest running festival in Great Britain, North Americas first and longest running short film festival is the Yorkton Film Festival, established in 1947. The first film festival in the United States was the Columbus International Film & Video Festival, also known as The Chris Awards and it was followed four years later by the San Francisco International Film Festival, held in March 1957, which emphasized feature-length dramatic films. The festival played a role in introducing foreign films to American audiences. Films in the first year included Akira Kurosawas Throne of Blood, Film festival dedicated to honoring music in film. Digital feature film began in 2005, along with the worlds first online film festival. Unlike other arts nonprofits, film festivals typically receive few donations from the public and are occasionally organized as nonprofit business associations instead of public charities. Film industry members often have significant curatorial input, and corporate sponsors are given opportunities to promote their brand to festival audiences in exchange for cash contributions, private parties, often to raise investments for film projects, constitute significant fringe events. Larger festivals maintain year-round staffs often engaging in community and charitable projects outside festival season, on the other hand, some festivals—usually those accepting fewer films, and perhaps not attracting as many big names in their audiences as do Sundance and Telluride—require no entry fee. Rotterdam Film Festival, Mumbai Film Festival, and many film festivals in the United States, are examples. The Portland International Film Festival charges a fee, but waives it for filmmakers from the Northwestern United States
10.
British Independent Film Awards
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The British Independent Film Awards is an organisation that celebrates, supports and promotes British independent cinema and filmmaking talent. Nominations for the awards ceremony are announced in early November. Since 2015, BIFA has also hosted UK–wide talent development and film screening programmes with the support of Creative Skillset and the BFI. BIFA founding members include Phillip Alberstat, Chris Auty, André Burgess, Sally Caplan, Pippa Cross, Christopher Fowler, Lora Fox Gamble, Steven Gaydos, Norma Heyman, the first BIFA ceremony took place on the 29th October 1998. Winners included Ken Loach, Shane Meadows and Ray Winstone, the Special Jury Prize was awarded to Nik Powell, and the Best British Independent Film award went to My Name is Joe. The BIFA ceremony takes place in early December every year and is one of the first dates in the awards season. Most of the categories are for British independent feature films only, though there are awards for Best International Independent Film. There are also several awards, such as the Special Jury Prize, the Richard Harris Award. Main categories, Films must be over 70 minutes in length, Films must have had a public screening to a paying audience, either on general release in the UK or at a British film festival or at one of BIFAs recognised international festivals. Must be produced or majority co-produced by a British production company, where there is a major studio substantially funding a film, the total budget must not exceed $20 million. BIFA has a pool of voters that consists of past BIFA winners and nominees, top British film industry professionals. Although the pool is continually growing, fewer than 200 voters vote for the nominations in any one year, all entered films must be seen by a minimum number of voters and discussed at a voter meeting before being marked as having been given fair consideration. In calculating the results, BIFA takes into account the number of voters who have seen each film as well as how many voted for it, the winners in most categories are decided by independent juries, newly–appointed each year. Juries meet to discuss all nominations before voting confidentially for the winner, exceptions include the honorary awards and the award for Best British Independent Film, the winner of which is decided by a confidential vote amongst all BIFA voters. Sessions included The Lobster with production designer Jaqueline Abrahams, The Selfish Giant with casting director Amy Hubbard, BIFA Presents is an ongoing project wherein BIFA supports the theatrical distribution of award-nominated and -winning films with special preview and event screenings. In February 2017, BIFA Presents hosted exclusive previews of the Oscar-winning Moonlight in conjunction with Everyman Cinemas, BIFA Independents is a series of regular screenings of films featuring BIFA-winning and nominated talent. The first BIFA Independents screening was in December 2016, featuring Andrea Arnolds Best British Independent Film-winning American Honey
11.
Rotten Tomatoes
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Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa
12.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
13.
My Name Is Joe
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My Name Is Joe is a 1998 British film directed by Ken Loach. The film stars Peter Mullan as Joe Kavanagh, a recovering alcoholic in Glasgow who meets. David McKay plays his troubled friend Liam, the films title is a reference to the ritualised greeting performed in Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, as portrayed in the films opening scene. The movie was filmed in the council estates of Glasgow and filling small roles with local residents, many of whom had drug. The Scottish accents of some of the actors are unintelligible to many of the American audience, the film won awards in many film festivals, including Best Actor for Mullan at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival. The film begins with Joe Kavanagh at an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting, relaying an experience from his past and he states the ritualised greeting, My name is Joe and Im an alcoholic. He feels that he is not in a position to any more with safety. He tells the group that he copes by praying and states that he is grateful to be at the meeting and he then goes round to his friends place, bangs on the door and pretends to be the police. They then travel in Joes van where they examine stolen sporting merchandise which is of low quality, Joe and his friends stop at another persons house to pick up more people. Joe later encounters the driver, whom Joe later describes as being the woman who tried to kill us all and he exits his van and asks the woman if she lost her guide dog. The woman, Sarah, states that she is a health visitor and she wants to see Liam and his child, but Joe explains that Liam has an important football game to attend. Joe is very encouraging as a coach, the other team appears in white and black, which are the colours that Joes team wears. Joes team express their anger at this and respond by taking their shirts off so that they are able to distinguish between players, the other team scores the first goal of the game. Joe drives Liam home and Liam abruptly tells Joe to pull over, Joe does not hear what transpires between Liam and the man. Later, Joe sees Sarah, who is struggling with wallpaper in her car. Joe appears to fancy her, as Sarah tells him her name, Joe then helps an acquaintance of Sarahs to complete a wall papering and paint job in Sarahs flat. Sarah later brings them tea as they paint the ceiling and sing to themselves and they then look outside and notice someone taking photos of them through the window. Joe runs outside with his can of paint and brush to confront the man who was taking the photos
14.
Wonderland (1999 film)
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Wonderland is a 1999 drama film about the lives of a London couple, their three adult daughters and absent son. Directed by Michael Winterbottom, the film stars Jack Shepherd, Kika Markham, Shirley Henderson, Gina McKee, Molly Parker, John Simm, the film was entered into the 1999 Cannes Film Festival. The film follows the lives of three London sisters and their family over five days, a long Guy Fawkes Night weekend in November, meanwhile, Molly is pregnant but her husband Eddie has left his job without telling her. Eileen takes her silent frustrations out on the neighbours barking dog, Franklin is an over-sensitive man who frequents the coffee house where Nadia works. He is unable to summon the courage to talk to her, Nadia sleeps with one of her dates, but is then rejected by him. Molly and Eddie have a fight when she discovers he has left his job and she goes into labour believing he has permanently left her, but he has really had an accident on his motorbike. After Debbies son is mugged when his father leaves him alone, darren finally calls to let his family know that he is fine and Franklin has enough courage to talk to Nadia. Molly and Eddie are reunited at hospital after the birth of their daughter Alice, the New York Times said the film was a modern-day London turn on Chekhovs Three Sisters and said that the sisters could be interpreted as different life stages of a single woman. The social realism of the film was compared to those of fellow British directors Ken Loach, although the film has an almost unbearable sadness it is not bleak. The films French writer, Laurence Coriat, was previously a psychology student, cinematographer Sean Bobbitt had previously only worked on documentaries and news footage. The film has both realist and impressionist elements, the sex scenes are realistic and awkward – the scene between Nadia and Tim features no music, which highlights the sounds of kissing and rustling. A small crew was used, with natural lighting and no sound boom. A pub scene was shot with real people in the background, near closing time, people alone in London crowds were picked out and filmed to make the audience speculate about their stories. The scenes where Dan takes his son to a match were filmed at Selhurst Park. Senses of Cinema said that the editing was immaculate and exciting, the films US debut was at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2000. They praised the acting, particularly the desperately affecting parents, but were annoyed by the attempts at Estuary English by the cast of non-Londoners, senses of Cinema has called it arguably one of Winterbottoms most accomplished works and a wonderful and very poignant film. The New York Times compared the score to that of Stewart Copeland for Rumble Fish and said that the rhythms are like a clock ticking and it is alternately plaintive, the Guardian said it was sumptuous, romantic. Senses of Cinema said the music was heart-wrenching, full of tragic qualities, Wonderland at the Internet Movie Database
15.
Billy Elliot
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Billy Elliot is a 2000 British dance drama film about a boy becoming a professional ballet dancer, set in north-eastern England during the 1984–85 coal miners strike. The film was released on 29 September 2000 by Universal Pictures. The film received reviews from critics and it earned £72,853,509 on a £3 million budget. In 2001, author Melvin Burgess was commissioned to write the novelisation of the based on Lee Halls screenplay. The story was adapted for the West End stage as Billy Elliot the Musical in 2005, it opened in Australia in 2007 and on Broadway in 2008. In 1984, Billy Elliot, an 11-year-old from the fictional Everington Village in County Durham, England, Billys father sends him to the gym to learn boxing, but Billy dislikes the sport. He happens upon a class that is using the gym while their usual basement studio is temporarily being used as a soup kitchen for the striking miners. Unknown to Jackie, Billy joins the ballet class, when Jackie discovers this, he forbids Billy to take any more ballet. But, passionate about dancing, Billy secretly continues lessons with the help of his dance teacher, Sandra Wilkinson. Mrs. Wilkinson believes Billy is talented enough to study at the Royal Ballet School in London, over Christmas, Billy learns his best friend, Michael, is gay. Although Billy is not, he is supportive of his friend, later, Jackie catches Billy dancing in the gym and realises his son is truly gifted, he resolves to do whatever it takes to help Billy attain his dream. Mrs. Wilkinson tries to persuade Jackie to let her pay for the audition, Jackie attempts to cross the picket line to pay for the trip to London, but Tony stops him. Instead, his fellow miners and the neighbourhood raise some money and Jackie pawns Billys mothers jewelry to cover the cost, and Jackie takes him to London to audition. Although very nervous, Billy performs well, but he punches another boy in frustration at the audition and he is sternly rebuked by the review board, but when asked what it feels like when he is dancing, he describes it as being like electricity. Seemingly rejected, Billy returns home with his father, sometime later, the Royal Ballet School sends him a letter telling him he has been accepted, and he leaves home to attend. Fourteen years later, Billy takes the stage to perform the Swan in Matthew Bournes Swan Lake, as Jackie, Tony and he was heavily influenced by photographer Sirkka-Liisa Konttinens book Step by Step, about a dancing school in nearby North Shields. Writing in 2009, Hall said that almost every frame of Billy Elliot was influenced by Step by Step. as every member of the team carried around their own copy. Due to Easington Collierys pit closure in 1993, the scenes were filmed at the Ellington and Lynemouth Colliery in Northumberland, with some filming in Dawdon
16.
Sweet Sixteen (2002 film)
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Sweet Sixteen is a 2002 drama film directed by Ken Loach. The film tells the story of a boy from a troubled background, Liam. Liams attempts to raise money for the two of them are set against the backdrop of Greenock, Port Glasgow and the coast at Gourock, in a few weeks, Scottish teenager Liam will turn 16. The film opens with him using his tripod-mounted telescope outdoors on a night to show other children the stars. He and his friends exemplify the violent ned subculture, they no longer attend school and they get money by illicitly selling untaxed cigarettes in a pub, and defy the police. Liams mother is currently in prison, for a crime she did not commit and she will be released in a few weeks, in time for her sons 16th birthday. She has a boyfriend named Stan, who works as a dealer with Liams grandfather. Stan and Rab take Liam in Rabs car on a visit to his mother in Cornton Vale Prison, in the event, Liam refuses to cooperate by passing the drugs over. When driving home his companions beat him up, he fights back, Liam arrives back to find that he has been expelled from his grandfathers flat, and his belongings thrown down into the front garden. Liam then moves to his sister Chantelles nearby home in Port Glasgow, Chantelle agrees to let Liam live in her house if hes good to Chantelles little son, Calum. She has been taking free evening classes to get work in a call centre, when Liam takes Calum for a walk along Greenock Esplanade, his friend Pinball arrives in a stolen car and insists on taking them joyriding along the coast. They drive up through the Cloch caravan park where Liam sees a caravan for sale in a spot overlooking the scenic Firth of Clyde. Liam, who loves his mother very much, fantasizes that he, his sister, and his mother can escape to the seaside and live in the caravan, away from Stan and Rabs wrath. To purchase it he and Pinball steal a delivery of drugs from Stans house and sell them and they soon develop entrepreneur skills and raise several thousand pounds, which they pay as a deposit towards the caravan in Liams mothers name. Liams efforts attract the attention of the local drug godfather, Liam, who only wanted a peaceful life with his mother, agrees to work with them after the local godfather tells him to stay away from our shops. Pinball, meanwhile, is thrown into the club showers due to his disrespectful manner towards the dealer. Liam and Pinball carry on selling drugs to the local area, Liam and Pinball meet again with members of the drug godfathers gang, and Liam joins them in their car. Pinball is kicked out, angering him further, the gang members advise Liam to dump Pinball for good and they take Liam to a Glasgow nightclub and instruct him that he has to kill someone to join the gang
17.
Dirty Pretty Things (film)
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Dirty Pretty Things is a 2002 British drama film directed by Stephen Frears and written by Steven Knight, a drama about two immigrants in London. It was produced by BBC Films and Celador Films, Okwe is an illegal Nigerian immigrant to the United Kingdom who drives a cab in London during the day and works at the front desk of a hotel at night. The hotel is staffed with many immigrants, both legal and illegal, Okwe keeps himself awake by chewing khat, an herbal stimulant. A doctor in his country, he was forced to flee after being falsely accused of murdering his wife. In London, he is pressed into giving medical treatment to poor immigrants. Okwes friend Guo Yi, an employee at a hospital mortuary, a prostitute known as Juliette, who plies her trade in the hotel, informs Okwe about a blocked toilet in one of the hotel rooms. He fishes out the blockage and finds a human heart, the manager of the hotel, Juan, runs an illegal operation at the hotel wherein immigrants swap kidneys for forged passports. After learning of Okwes past as a doctor, Juan pressures him to join his operation as a surgeon, Senay is a Turkish Muslim seeking asylum, who also works at the hotel, as a cleaner. Her immigration status allows her to stay in the UK providing she does not work and she allows Okwe to sleep on her sofa when she is not home, her religion forbidding her from being alone with a man, other than a relative, at any time. Senay is frightened after a visit from the Immigration service, the officials find a book of matches from the hotel and decide to inspect it before Senay arrives for her early morning shift. Okwe asks the doorman to intercept Senay, the officials dont catch her and she begins working in a sweatshop making clothes, but the officials raid that site, too. The entire staff flee to the roof while the manager gets rid of the Immigration agents, the manager will let Senay keep her job and promises not to report her to the authorities only if she will perform oral sex on him. After a couple of sessions, she refuses to cooperate and bites him, then flees with an expensive coat. Okwe finds her a place to stay at the hospital mortuary and she asks him to raise money for her to travel to America by selling the stolen clothes and acting as a surgeon in Juans organ business. In desperation, Senay agrees to exchange a kidney for a passport, as a deal maker, Juan takes her virginity as well, and later Juliette provides her with the morning-after pill. After learning of Senays plan, Okwe tells Juan that he perform the operation to ensure her safety. After Juan delivers the passports, Okwe and Senay drug him, surgically remove his kidney, Okwe plans to use his new identity to return to his young daughter in Nigeria, and Senay plans to start a new life in New York City. Before they part at Stansted Airport, she gives him her cousins address in New York and they mouth the words, I love you, to each other
18.
Vera Drake
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Vera Drake is a 2004 British drama film written and directed by Mike Leigh and starring Imelda Staunton, Phil Davis, Daniel Mays and Eddie Marsan. It tells the story of a woman in London in 1950 who performs illegal abortions. It won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival and it was nominated for three Academy Awards and won three BAFTAs, Vera Drake is devoted to her family, looking after her husband and children, her elderly mother, and a sick neighbour. Her shy daughter, Ethel, works in a lightbulb factory and her husband, Stanley, is a car mechanic. Although Vera and her family are poor, their family bonds hold them together. During her working day as a cleaner, Vera performs constant small acts of kindness for the many people she encounters. She is a person who is eager to help others. Unknown to her family, she works secretly, providing young women abortions. She receives no money for providing this service because she believes that her help is an act of charity to women in trouble. However, her partner Lily, who carries on a black-market trade in scarce postwar foodstuffs. The film also contains a subplot about a young woman, Susan. Susan is raped by a suitor, becomes pregnant, and asks a friend to put her in contact with a doctor, the abortion costs her a hundred guineas. After one of her patients nearly dies, Vera is arrested by the police and she is held overnight and appears before a magistrate the next morning. Sid is shocked by his mothers secret activities and tells his father that he does not think that he can forgive her. However, in a conversation with Vera, he expresses fear for what could happen to her in prison. Vera is bailed to appear at the Old Bailey, none of Veras employers will give her a character reference. Her solicitor thinks she will receive the minimum sentence of 18 months in jail and this affects all the people who previously depended on Veras kindness. While in prison, Vera meets others who have been convicted of performing illegal abortions and they discuss their sentences, until Vera tearfully leaves, to go to her cell
19.
The Constant Gardener (film)
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The Constant Gardener is a 2005 political thriller film directed by Fernando Meirelles. The screenplay by Jeffrey Caine is based on the John le Carré novel of the same name. The film follows Justin Quayle, a British diplomat in Kenya, as he tries to solve the murder of his wife Tessa, the film also stars Hubert Koundé, Danny Huston, Bill Nighy and Donald Sumpter. It was filmed on location in Loiyangalani and the slums of Kibera, circumstances in the area affected the cast and crew to the extent that they set up the Constant Gardener Trust in order to provide basic education for these villages. The plot was based on a real-life case in Kano. The DVD versions were released in the United States on 1 January 2006, justins gentle but diligent attention to his plants is a recurring background theme, from which image the films title is derived. Justin Quayle, a shy, low-level British diplomat and horticultural hobbyist posted in Kenya, is one to avoid making a fuss until he learns that his wife Tessa was found dead in the veld, Tessa has been murdered at a crossroads along with her Kenyan driver. Her doctor colleague Arnold Bluhm is initially suspected of her murder but is found to have himself been murdered on the same day as Tessa. Various rumours abound that the two were having an affair, however, it is revealed that Bluhm was gay. In flashbacks, we see how in London, Justin met his future wife Tessa and he falls in love with her and she persuades him to take her back with him to Kenya. Despite their loving marriage, Tessa keeps from Justin the reason why she approached him in the first place - to investigate a drug trial in Kenya. When Tessa starts getting too close to uncovering the malpractices of an influential and powerful company, she. As the mystery surrounding his wifes death unfolds, Justin becomes determined to get to the bottom of her murder and he soon runs up against a drug corporation that is using Kenyas population for fraudulent testing of a tuberculosis drug. The drug has known harmful side effects, but the corporation completely disregards the well-being of its underprivileged African test subjects. Sir Bernard Pellegrin is the head of the Africa Desk at the Foreign Office, in his investigations, Justin discovers that Tessa hid from him a report about the deaths caused by dypraxa, and he obtains an incriminating letter that Tessa took from Sandy. Justin confronts Sandy, who tells him that what Tessa wanted was to stop the dypraxa tests, however, this would have cost millions of dollars and significantly delayed the drug, during which time other competing drugs would have surfaced. Pellegrin considered Tessas report too damaging, and proclamied she had to be stopped, the company threatens Justin, he must stop his investigations or join his wife. In one instance, agents are sent to him up
20.
This Is England
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This Is England is a 2006 British drama film written and directed by Shane Meadows. The story centres on young skinheads in England in 1983, the films title is a direct reference to a scene where the character Combo explains his nationalist views using the phrase this is England during his speech. In 1983, 12-year-old Shaun gets into a fight at school with a boy named Harvey after he makes a joke about his father. On his way home, Shaun comes across a gang of skinheads led by Woody. They accept Shaun as a member, and he finds a big brother in Woody, while developing a romance with Michelle, also known as Smell, Combo, an older skinhead, returns to the group after a prison sentence, accompanied by a knife-wielding moustachioed man called Banjo. A charismatic but unstable individual with sociopathic tendencies, Combo expresses English nationalist and racist views and this leads the group to split, with young Shaun, the belligerent Pukey, and Gadget, who feels bullied by Woody for his weight, choosing Combo over Woodys apolitical gang. Shaun finds a figure in Combo, who in turn is impressed by. Shaun goes with Combos group to a National Front meeting, after Pukey expresses doubt over their racist and nationalistic politics, Combo throws him out of his group and sends him back to Woody. The gang then engages in bigoted antagonism of, among others, shopkeeper Mr. Sandhu, Combo becomes depressed after Lol, Woodys girlfriend, rejects him when he admits that he has loved her since they had sex years before. To console himself, Combo buys cannabis from Milky, the only black skinhead in Woodys gang, enraged, Combo enters a frenzied state and brutally beats Milky unconscious, Banjo holds down Shaun, and Meggy watches them on in horror. After defending Milky, Combo angrily throws Shaun out of his flat, when Banjo attempts to hit Milky as well, Combo violently beats him and evicts him and Meggy from the apartment. Horrified at the realisation of what he has done, Combo weeps over Milkys body, Shaun and Combo later take Milky to a nearby hospital. Shaun is then shown walking near the beach and throwing his St Georges Flag, the opening fight was filmed at Wilsthorpe Business and Enterprise College, a secondary school in Derbyshire. Additional scenes such as the docks were filmed in Turgooses home town of Grimsby, Turgoose was 13 at the time of filming. Turgoose had never acted before, had banned from his school play for bad behaviour. The film was dedicated to Turgooses mother, Sharon, who died of cancer on 29 December 2005, while she never saw the film, the film is set in an unidentified town in the Midlands. Although much of the film was shot on location in Nottingham, a number of feature the towns docks. Similarly, the dialects of the characters are drawn from a wide geographical area
21.
Control (2007 film)
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Control is a 2007 British biographical film about the life of Ian Curtis, singer of the late-1970s English post-punk band Joy Division. It is the first feature directed by Anton Corbijn, who had worked with Joy Division as a photographer. The screenplay by Matt Greenhalgh was based on the biography Touching from a Distance by Curtis widow Deborah, Tony Wilson, who released Joy Divisions records through his Factory Records label, also served as a co-producer. Curtis bandmates Bernard Sumner, Peter Hook, and Stephen Morris provided incidental music for the soundtrack via their post-Joy Division incarnation New Order. Control was filmed partly on location in Nottingham, Manchester, and Macclesfield, including areas where Curtis lived, alexandra Maria Lara plays Honoré, while James Anthony Pearson, Joe Anderson, and Harry Treadaway play Sumner, Hook, and Morris, respectively. The film also features Toby Kebbell as band manager Rob Gretton and it went on to win five British Independent Film Awards including Best Film, Best Director for Corbijn, Most Promising Newcomer for Riley, and Best Supporting Actor for Kebbell. Ian Curtis and Debbie Woodruff marry in 1975 in their town of Macclesfield at ages 19 and 18. Ian retreats from domestic life, preferring to write poetry in solitude, on June 4,1976 they attend a Sex Pistols concert with Bernard Sumner, Peter Hook, and Terry Mason, who are starting a band. Mesmerized by the concert, Ian volunteers to be their singer and they name themselves Warsaw, and Terry moves into a managerial role with the addition of drummer Stephen Morris. The band debuts 19 May 1977 and soon rename themselves Joy Division, Ian and Debbie finance their first EP, An Ideal for Living. During his job as an employment agent, Ian witnesses a seizure suffered by Corinne Lewis, unsatisfied with the brief mention Joy Division receives from television host Tony Wilson, Ian demands that he put the band on his programme. In April 1978 Joy Division plays a battle of bands, impressing Tony and Rob Gretton and they perform Transmission on Tonys programme and sign to his Factory Records label, Tony signs the contract using his own blood. In December 1978 Ian suffers a seizure on the way back from the bands first London gig, He is diagnosed with epilepsy and prescribed medications that leave him drowsy, learning that Corinne Lewis has died of a seizure, he pens Shes Lost Control about her. He begins to neglect Debbie, who gives birth to their daughter Natalie in April 1979, Ian quits his job to go on tour, leaving Debbie to work and care for the baby. Ian admits to Belgian journalist Annik Honoré that he is miserable at home, the two begin having an affair during Joy Divisions January 1980 European tour. On returning home, Ian tells Debbie he is if he still loves her. During the rehearsing of Love Will Tear Us Apart, Rob informs the band that they will be departing 19 May for a tour of the United States, Debbie finds evidence of Ians infidelity and confronts him. He promises that the affair is over, but continues to see Annik during the recording of Closer in Islington, Ian suffers a seizure mid-performance and is comforted by Annik, who admits she is falling in love with him
22.
Slumdog Millionaire
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Slumdog Millionaire is a 2008 British drama film directed by Danny Boyle, written by Simon Beaufoy, and produced by Christian Colson. Set and filmed in India, it is a adaptation of the novel Q & A by Indian author and diplomat Vikas Swarup, telling the story of Jamal Malik, age 18. As a contestant on the Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, who is able to answer every stage correctly, he is accused of cheating. Jamal recounts his history, illustrating how he is able to each question. Regarded as a hit, Slumdog Millionaire was widely acclaimed, being praised for its plot, soundtrack. It was nominated for ten Academy Awards in 2009 and won eight—the most for any 2008 film—including Best Picture, Best Director and it won seven BAFTA Awards including Best Film, five Critics Choice Awards and four Golden Globes. 18-year-old Jamal Malik, an Indian Muslim from the Juhu slum, is a contestant on the Indian version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. and is one question away from the grand prize. Jamal recounts, through flashbacks, the incidents in his life which provided him with each answer, as they flee the riot, they meet Latika, a girl from their slum. Salim is reluctant to take her in, but Jamal suggests that she could be the third musketeer, the three are found by Maman—a gangster who tricks and then trains street children into becoming beggars. When Salim discovers Maman is blinding the children in order to them more effective beggars, he flees with Jamal. Latika fails to board the train as Salim purposefully lets go of her hand and this resulted in her being recaptured by Maman. At Jamals insistence, they return to Mumbai to find Latika, discovering that she is being raised by Maman to be a prostitute, to him soon a high price. The brothers rescue her, and while escaping Maman they shoot him to death, Salim then manages to get a job with Javed—Mamans rival crime lord. Back at their room, Salim orders Jamal to leave him, when Jamal refuses, Salim draws a gun on him, whereas Latika persuades Jamal to obey his brother and go away. Years later, Jamal, now a tea-boy in an Indian call centre, searches the database for Salim. He fails in finding Latika, while succeeding in finding Salim, Jamal reproaches Salim, who then pleads for forgiveness, and offers him to stay in his luxurious apartment. Jamal later bluffs his way into Javeds residence to reunite with Latika but as he professes his love for her, Jamal nevertheless promises to wait for her every day at five oclock at the VT station. Latika attempts to him there, but is recaptured by Javeds men, led by Salim, and once Javed moves to another house, outside Mumbai
23.
Moon (film)
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Moon is a 2009 British science fiction drama film co-written and directed by Duncan Jones. The film follows Sam Bell, a man who experiences a crisis as he nears the end of a three-year solitary stint mining helium-3 on the far side of the Moon. It was the debut of director Duncan Jones. Kevin Spacey voices Sams robot companion, GERTY, Moon premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival and was released in selected cinemas in New York and Los Angeles on 12 June 2009. The release was expanded to additional theatres in the United States, Moon was modestly budgeted and grossed just under $10 million worldwide but was well received by critics. Rockwells performance found praise as did the scientific realism and plausibility. It won numerous film critic and film awards and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. In 2035, Lunar Industries has made a fortune after an oil crisis by building Sarang Station, the facility is fully automated, requiring only a single human to maintain operations, oversee the harvesters, and launch canisters bound for Earth containing the extracted helium-3. Currently, Sam Bell nears the end of his work contract at Sarang Station. Chronic communication problems have disabled his live feed from Earth and limit him to occasional recorded messages from his wife Tess and his only companion is an artificial intelligence named GERTY, who assists with the bases automation and provides comfort for him. Two weeks before his return to Earth, Sam suffers from hallucinations of a teenage girl, one such image distracts him while he is out recovering a helium-3 canister from a harvester, causing him to crash his lunar rover into the harvester. Rapidly losing cabin air from the crash, Sam falls unconscious in the rover, Sam awakes in the base infirmary with no memory of the accident. He overhears GERTY receiving instructions from Lunar Industries to prevent him leaving the base. His suspicions aroused, he manufactures a fake problem to persuade GERTY to let him outside and he travels to the crashed rover, where he finds his unconscious doppelgänger. He brings the double back to the base and tends to his injuries, the two Sams start to wonder if one is a clone of the other. After a heated argument and physical altercation, they together coerce GERTY into revealing that they are clones of the original Sam Bell. GERTY activated the newest clone after the crash, and convinced him that he was at the beginning of his three-year contract. The two Sams search the facility, discovering a vault containing hundreds of hibernating clones
24.
The King's Speech
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The Kings Speech is a 2010 British biographical drama film directed by Tom Hooper and written by David Seidler. Colin Firth plays the future King George VI who, to cope with a stammer, sees Lionel Logue, Seidler read about George VIs life after overcoming a stuttering condition he endured during his youth. He later rewrote his screenplay for the stage to focus on the relationship between the two protagonists. Nine weeks before filming began, Logues notebooks were discovered and quotations from them were incorporated into the script, principal photography took place in London and around Britain from November 2009 to January 2010. The opening scenes were filmed at Elland Road, Leeds, and Odsal Stadium, Bradford, for indoor scenes, Lancaster House substituted for Buckingham Palace, and Ely Cathedral stood in for Westminster Abbey, while the weaving mill scene was filmed at the Queen Street Mill in Burnley. A third technique Hooper employed was the framing of characters, in his first consultation with Logue. Released in the United Kingdom on 7 January 2011, The Kings Speech was a box office. On a budget of £8 million, it earned over £250 million internationally and it was widely praised by film critics for its visual style, art direction, and acting. Other commentators discussed the representation of historical detail, especially the reversal of Winston Churchills opposition to abdication. The film received awards and nominations, particularly for Colin Firths performance. The Kings Speech won seven British Academy Film Awards, including Best Film, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, the film also won four Academy Awards, Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, and Best Original Screenplay. Prince Albert, Duke of York, the son of King George V. The Duke has given up hope of a cure, but his wife Elizabeth persuades him to see Lionel Logue, during their first private session, Logue insists on being called Lionel by his patient. In addition, breaching royal etiquette, Logue calls the Prince Bertie, Prince Albert leaves in anger but Logue offers him the recording as a keepsake. His attempt to do so is a failure, later, the Duke plays Logues recording and hears himself reciting unhesitatingly. He therefore returns to Logue, where he and his wife both insist that Logue focus only on physical exercises, not therapy, Logue teaches his patient muscle relaxation and breath control but continues to probe gently and persistently at the psychological roots of the stutter. Albert eventually reveals some of the pressures of his childhood and the two men start to become friends. It is pointed out that Edward, as head of the Church of England, cannot marry her, even if she receives her second divorce, when Logue insists that Albert could be a good king instead, the latter labels such a suggestion as treason and dismisses Logue
25.
Tyrannosaur (film)
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Tyrannosaur is a 2011 British drama film written and directed by Paddy Considine in his directorial debut. The film stars Peter Mullan, Olivia Colman, Eddie Marsan, Paul Popplewell, One night, unemployed widower Joseph drunkenly kicks his dog Bluey to death. He buries the dog and goes to the post office, where he mocks some Asian workers then throws a brick through the window when they tell him to leave, at the pub, Joseph attacks two young men playing pool one of whom threatened and mocked him. He then hides in a shop, where stringently-religious employee Hannah offers to pray for him. That night, Joseph goes to his home and meets up with his 6-year-old neighbor Samuel, the boyfriend teases and berates Samuel and threatens to let loose his vicious dog on the young boy. After Samuel is allowed back in the house, Joseph is attacked by the men from the post office, the next morning, Joseph wakes up and goes to the shop, where Hannah looks after him. He begins to berate and insult her, before leaving, Hannah returns home and falls asleep drunk, where her abusive husband James urinates on her. The next morning at the shop, Joseph apologises and slowly befriends Hannah. One day, she comes to the shop with a black eye and he asks her to come with him and pray for his best friend Jack, who is dying of cancer. A few days later, Jack dies, a few days later, Joseph returns to the shop. James finds Hannah tying Josephs tie as he tries on a suit for the funeral, James silently threatens Hannah and Joseph. Joseph realises that James is beating Hannah and confronts her about the beatings, One night, Hannah gets drunk and James comes to take her home. He hits her and she begins to mock him and she tries to compose herself in the bedroom, when James arrives, beats and rapes her. Hannah tells Joseph that she is leaving James and asks to stay with him and he hesitatingly agrees, and in the course of her settling in, Joseph reveals that his heavy set wife has been dead for 5 years, due to complications from her diabetes. He also tells Hannah that he regrets using the nickname Tyrannosaur for his wife, after a few days, Joseph tells her that she is not safe with him and suggests she leave. Joseph escorts Hannah back to her house to some items. Hannah then goes with Joseph to Jacks wake where they sing and dance and tell tales in remembrance of Josephs old friend. While Hannah is sleeping in the room, Joseph decides to confront James, takes her keys and goes to her house
26.
Metro Manila (film)
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Metro Manila is 2013 British independently produced crime drama film directed by Sean Ellis, set in the Philippines and with dialogue mainly in Filipino. Ellis also co-produced and co-wrote the film, the film was selected as the British entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 86th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated. Oscar Ramirez is a farmer who lives in Banaue Province with his wife Mai and their children Angel. When his rice crops are no longer profitable, he relocates his family to Metro Manila in hopes of obtaining a quality of life. He befriends his senior officer Ong and quickly bonds with his co-workers while earning the respect of Buddha, on Oscars first day at work, Ong tells him he lost his previous partner during a failed robbery six months prior. Ong is also concerned about Oscars residence in Tondo, which is a hotbed for criminals. One night, Oscar tells Ong the story of Alfred Santos, Oscar feels responsible, as he had previously worked at the factory and did not stand up for his former employer. Ong offers Oscar a spare apartment unit in Makati for his family to live in, meanwhile, Mai lands a job as a bar hostess at a nightclub in Makati. While undergoing the mandatory physical checkup, she is revealed to be pregnant, Mai quickly learns of the hardships she must endure as a bar hostess. When she fails to make her drink quota and her becomes more evident. During a routine job, Oscar discovers that the client is a drug dealer, the duo have a tense discussion on the corruption that shrouds Metro Manila. When Ong pulls over to find a wall to urinate on, going against his protocol, he exits the armoured van and follows the gang on foot, only to discover that they are in cahoots with Ong. Just as Ong prepares to surrender the box, he realizes that the robber in front of him is not part of the gang, the man guns him down and runs away while the gang speeds off. Oscar is then given the task of postman, having to deliver Ongs personal effects. He does not disclose Ongs plot to Buddha, as per company procedure, his pay is suspended until the investigation is closed. Upon learning that Ongs wife is aware of the security box, Oscar races back home and he and Mai face the dilemma of what to do with the box as she tells him it was a mistake for them to move to the city. He is shot in the chest and dies with the key in his hand and she notices a locket that Oscar had stolen from a shop earlier that morning, upon opening it, she discovers a clay imprint of the key to the security box in her possession. After having the key duplicated, she takes her children and the back to the province
27.
Ex Machina (film)
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Ex Machina is a 2015 independent science fiction psychological thriller film written and directed by Alex Garland and stars Domhnall Gleeson, Oscar Isaac and Alicia Vikander. The film follows a programmer who is invited by his CEO to administer the Turing test to an intelligent humanoid robot, made on a budget of $15 million, the film grossed $36 million worldwide and received critical acclaim. The film was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. Programmer Caleb Smith wins a one-week visit to the luxurious, isolated home of Nathan Bateman, the only other person there is Nathans servant Kyoko, who, according to Nathan, does not speak English. Nathan has built a robot named Ava with artificial intelligence. Ava has a body but a human-looking face, and is confined to her apartment. During their talks, Caleb grows close to her, and she expresses a romantic interest in him and she can trigger power outages that temporarily shut down the surveillance system which Nathan uses to monitor their interactions, allowing them to speak privately. The power outages also trigger the buildings security system, locking all the doors, during one outage, Ava tells Caleb that Nathan is a liar who cannot be trusted. Caleb grows uncomfortable with Nathans narcissism, excessive drinking, and crude behaviour towards Kyoko and he learns that Nathan intends to upgrade Ava, killing her current personality in the process. Caleb encourages Nathan to drink until he passes out, then steals his security card to access his room, after he alters some of Nathans code, he discovers footage of Nathan interacting with previous android models in disturbing ways, and learns that Kyoko is also an android. Suspicious that he may also be an android, Caleb cuts his arm open to examine his flesh, at their next meeting, Ava cuts the power. Caleb explains what Nathan is going to do and Ava begs him to help her and they form a plan, Caleb will get Nathan drunk again and reprogram the security system to open the doors in a power failure instead of locking them. When Ava cuts the power, she and Caleb will leave together, Nathan reveals to Caleb that he has been observing Caleb and Avas secret conversations with a battery-powered camera. Caleb reveals that he knew Nathan was watching them, and modified the security system when Nathan was passed out the previous day, after seeing Ava leave her confinement, Nathan knocks Caleb unconscious and rushes to stop her. With help from Kyoko, Ava kills Nathan, but in the process Nathan destroys Kyoko, Ava repairs herself with parts from earlier androids, using their artificial skin to take on the full appearance of a human woman. She leaves Caleb trapped inside the facility, ignoring his screams, Alicia Vikander as Ava Domhnall Gleeson as Caleb Smith Oscar Isaac as Nathan Bateman Sonoya Mizuno as Kyoko Symara A. His later ideas came from years of discussions he had been having with a friend with an expertise in neuroscience, trying to find an answer on his own he started reading books on the topic. During the pre-production of Dredd, while going through a book by Murray Shanahan about consciousness and embodiment, the idea was written down and put aside till later
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Harper Lee
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Nelle Harper Lee, better known by her pen name Harper Lee, was an American novelist widely known for To Kill a Mockingbird, published in 1960. Immediately successful, it won the 1961 Pulitzer Prize and has become a classic of modern American literature, though Lee had only published this single book, in 2007 she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her contribution to literature. Additionally, Lee received numerous degrees, though she declined to speak on those occasions. She was also known for assisting her close friend Truman Capote in his research for the book In Cold Blood, Capote was the basis for the character Dill in To Kill a Mockingbird. The novel deals with the irrationality of adult attitudes towards race and class in the Deep South of the 1930s, the novel was inspired by racist attitudes in her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama. Another novel, Go Set a Watchman, was written in the mid-1950s and published in July 2015 as a sequel, though it was later confirmed to be To Kill a Mockingbirds first draft. Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28,1926, in Monroeville, Alabama where she grew up as the youngest of four children of Frances Cunningham and Amasa Coleman Lee. Her first name, Nelle, was her grandmothers name spelled backwards, Lees mother was a homemaker, her father, a former newspaper editor and proprietor, practiced law and served in the Alabama State Legislature from 1926 to 1938. Before A. C. Lee became a lawyer, he once defended two black men accused of murdering a white storekeeper. Both clients, a father and son, were hanged, Lee had three siblings, Alice Finch Lee, Louise Lee Conner, and Edwin Lee. While enrolled at Monroe County High School, Lee developed an interest in English literature, I never expected any sort of success with Mockingbird. I was hoping for a quick and merciful death at the hands of the reviewers but, at the same time, I sort of hoped someone would like it enough to give me encouragement. I hoped for a little, as I said, but I got rather a whole lot, in 1949, Lee moved to New York City and took a job as an airline reservation agent, writing fiction in her spare time. Having written several stories, Lee found an agent in November 1956. The following month, at Michael Browns East 50th Street townhouse, she received a gift of a years wages from friends with a note, You have one year off from your job to write whatever you please. In the spring of 1957, a 31-year-old Lee delivered the manuscript for Go Set a Watchman to her agent to send out to publishers, Lippincott Company, which eventually bought it. At Lippincott, the fell into the hands of Therese von Hohoff Torrey—known professionally as Tay Hohoff. He spark of the true writer flashed in every line, she would recount in a corporate history of Lippincott
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To Kill a Mockingbird (film)
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To Kill a Mockingbird is a 1962 American drama film directed by Robert Mulligan. The screenplay by Horton Foote is based on Harper Lees 1960 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name and it stars Gregory Peck as Atticus Finch and Mary Badham as Scout. The film, considered to be one of the best ever made, received positive reviews from critics and was a box-office success. The film won three Academy Awards, including Best Actor for Peck, and was nominated for eight, including Best Picture, in 1995, the film was listed in the National Film Registry. It also ranks twenty-fifth on the American Film Institutes 10th anniversary list of the greatest American movies of all time, in 2003, AFI named Atticus Finch the greatest movie hero of the 20th century. To Kill a Mockingbird marked the debuts of Robert Duvall, William Windom. The films young protagonists, Jean Louise Scout Finch and her brother Jeremy Atticus Jem Finch, live in the town of Maycomb, Alabama. The story covers three years, during which Scout and Jem undergo changes in their lives. The childrens widowed father, Atticus, is a lawyer and has strong beliefs that all people are to be treated fairly, to turn the other cheek. He also allows his children to him by his first name. Early in the film, the children see their father accept hickory nuts, through their fathers work as a lawyer, Scout and Jem begin to learn of the racism and evil in their town, aggravated by poverty, they mature quickly as they are exposed to it. The local judge appoints Atticus to defend a man, Tom Robinson, against an accusation of rape of a white girl. Jem and Scout experience schoolyard taunts for their fathers decision, later, as Atticus is sitting in front of the local jail to safeguard Robinson, a lynch mob arrives, which includes Mr. Cunningham. Scout, Jem and their friend, Dill, interrupt the confrontation, Scout, unaware of the mobs purpose, recognizes Cunningham as the man who paid her father in hickory nuts and tells him to say hello to his son, who is her schoolmate. Cunningham becomes embarrassed and the mob disperses, at the trial, it is undisputed that Tom came to Mayellas home at her request to help with the chopping up of a chifforobe and that Mayella showed signs of having been beaten around that time. Among Atticus chief arguments is that Tom has a left arm. Atticus then points out that Mayellas father, Bob Ewell, is left handed, Atticus also states that the girl had not been examined by a doctor to check for signs of rape after the supposed assault. In his closing argument Atticus asks the all-white male jury to cast aside their prejudices, in taking the stand in his own defense, Tom denies he attacked Mayella, but states she kissed him
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Go Set a Watchman
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Go Set a Watchman is a novel by Harper Lee published on July 14,2015, by HarperCollins in the United States and Willam Heinemann in the United Kingdom. The title comes from Isaiah 21,6, For thus hath the Lord said unto me, Go, set a watchman, let him declare what he seeth. According to the publisher, Go Set a Watchman. tackles the racial tensions brewing in the South in the 1950s and it includes versions of many of the characters who appear in To Kill a Mockingbird. Jean Louise Scout Finch, now 26, returns from New York to the town of Maycomb, Alabama. She is met by her childhood sweetheart and suitor, Henry Hank Clinton, who works for her father, Atticus, Jack, her fathers brother, a retired doctor, is her mentor. Their sister, Aunt Alexandra, runs the house since Calpurnias retirement, the Supreme Courts Brown v. Board of Education decision and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People are introduced as sources of controversy in the community. Returning from a trip to Finchs Landing, Jean Louise and Henry are passed by a car of black men travelling dangerously at high speed, Henry mentions that the black people in the county now have money for cars but neglect to get licenses and insurance. After finding a pamphlet titled The Black Plague among her fathers papers, Jean Louise watches in secret from the balcony and is horrified. She is unable to forgive him for betraying her and flees from the hall, after having a dream about her old family black maid Calpurnia, whom she sees as a mother figure, Jean Louise has breakfast with her father. They soon learn that Calpurnias grandson killed a drunk pedestrian the previous night while speeding in his car, Atticus agrees to take the case in order to stop the NAACP from getting involved. Jean Louise visits Calpurnia and is treated politely but coldly, causing her to leave, at lunch with her Uncle Jack, Jean Louise questions why Atticus was at the meeting. Jack says that Atticus hasnt suddenly become racist but is trying to slow federal government intervention into state politics. Her uncle lectures her on the complexity of history, race, and politics in the South, trying to get Jean Louise to come to a conclusion, which she struggles to grasp. She has a flashback to when she was a teenager and recalls an incident where Atticus planted the seed for an idea in Henrys brain, while having coffee with Henry, Jean Louise tells him she doesnt love him and will never marry him. She expresses her disgust at seeing him and her father at the council meeting, Henry explains that sometimes people have to do things they dont want to do. She screams that she could never live with a hypocrite, only to notice that Atticus is standing behind them, smiling. During a discussion with his daughter, Atticus argues that the blacks of the South are not ready for full rights. Although Jean Louise agrees that the South is not ready to be fully integrated and she is confused and devastated by her fathers positions as they are contrary to everything he has ever taught her
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