1.
1Q84
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1Q84 is a dystopian novel written by Japanese writer Haruki Murakami, first published in three volumes in Japan in 2009–10. The novel quickly became a sensation, with its first printing selling out the day it was released, an excerpt from the novel, Town of Cats, appeared in the September 5,2011 issue of The New Yorker magazine. The first chapter of 1Q84 has also read as an excerpt at Selected Shorts. The novel was published in Japan in three hardcover volumes by Shinchosha. Book 1 and Book 2 were both published on May 29,2009, Book 3 was published on April 16,2010. In English translation, Knopf published the novel in the United States in a volume on October 25,2011. The cover for the box-set, featuring a transparent dust jacket, was created by Chip Kidd, in the United Kingdom the novel was published by Harvill Secker in two volumes. The first volume, containing Books 1 and 2, was published on October 18,2011, followed by the volume, containing Book 3. Murakami spent four years writing the novel after coming up with the opening sequence, the title is a play on the Japanese pronunciation of the year 1984 and a reference to George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four. The letter Q and the Japanese number 9 are homophones, which are used in Japanese wordplay. Before the publication of 1Q84, Murakami stated that he would not reveal anything about the book, 1Q84 was noted for heavy advance orders despite this secrecy. A verse from the 1933 song Its Only a Paper Moon by Harold Arlen, E. Y. Harburg and Billy Rose, in addition, Murakami refers to more contemporary artists such as Billie Holiday, Charles Mingus and The Rolling Stones. The text also quotes a passage about the Gilyak people from the travel diary Sakhalin Island by Anton Chekhov. In accordance with many of Murakamis novels, 1Q84 is dominated by religious, 1Q84s plot is built around a mystical cult and two long-lost lovers who are drawn into a distorted version of reality. 1Q84 serves as a culmination of many of his prior works, 1Q84 draws a connection between the supernatural and the disturbing. Readers are often cited as experiencing a religious unease that is similar to postmodern sensibilities, religious othering is a major theme in 1Q84, as Murakami places sacred ideas as existing separately from everyday reality. The book opens with a character named Aomame as she catches a taxi in Tokyo on her way to a work assignment. Aomame makes her way to a hotel in Shibuya, where she poses as an attendant in order to kill a hotel guest
2.
1st Aviation Regiment (United States)
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The 1st Aviation Regiment is an aviation regiment of the U. S. Army. 2nd General Support Aviation Battalion Company C The unit was redesignated as Aviation Company, 1st Infantry Division and activated at Fort Riley, on 2 September 1981 the unit was reorganized and redesignated as 1st Aviation Battalion at Fort Riley, Kansas. On 16 November 1987, the 1st Aviation Regiment was relieved from assignment to the 1st Infantry Division and its headquarters was concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 1st Aviation, a parent regiment in the United States Army Regimental System. It remained assigned to the 1st Infantry Division, the 1st Battalion, 1st Aviation was later reorganized and completed its AH-64 Apache unit training plan fielding on 23 April 1990. On 8 November 1991, the 1st Battalion, 1st Aviation, on 24 February 1991, the 1st Battalion, 1st Aviation helped the 1st Infantry Division spearhead the VII Corps attack into Iraq. Upon return to Fort Riley, Kansas, the unit continued training until it was inactivated 15 September 1995, on 16 February 1996, the 1st Battalion, 1st Aviation was reactivated and restationed at Katterbach, Germany, as part of 4th Brigade, 1st Infantry Division. Currently the regiment may have up to three battalions, attached below the shield a silver scroll inscribed SUPER PRIMUM in black letters. Symbolism Ultramarine blue is associated with Aviation units. The alerion is symbolic of flight and further suggests the fixed wing variety of aircraft, the star, a symbol of achievement, also represents rotary-winged aircraft. The nebuly partition line is suggestive of clouds and sky, background The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 1st Aviation Battalion on 17 February 1964. It was rescinded on 8 July 1976, on 1 September 1981 it was reinstated for the 1st Aviation Battalion and amended to change the color of the shield. The insignia was redesignated on 16 November 1987 for the 1st Aviation with the description, shield Per bend nebuly Argent and Azure in base a mullet of 11 points of the first and in chief an alerion Gules. Crest On a wreath of the colors, Argent and Azure, issuant out of a proper, four crossed lightning bolts their points in base. Shield Ultramarine blue is associated with Aviation units. The alerion is symbolic of flight and further suggests the fixed wing variety of aircraft, the star, a symbol of achievement, also represents rotary-winged aircraft. The nebuly partition line is suggestive of clouds and sky, crest The lightning bolts issuing from a cloud refers to the mission and capabilities of the 1st Aviation Battalion in combat service. Yellow and scarlet, the colors of the Republic of Vietnam flag, the coat of arms was originally approved for the 1st Aviation Battalion on 17 February 1964. It was rescinded on 8 July 1976, on 1 September 1981 the coat of arms was reinstated and amended to change the color of the shield and to add a crest
3.
1st Battalion, Arkansas State Troops
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The 1st Battalion, Arkansas State Troops was an Arkansas State Cavalry battalion during the American Civil War. The unit is also some times referred to as Pettus Battalion or Traders Battalion, the unit was eventually consolidated with other units in late 1864 to form the Newtons 10th Arkansas Cavalry Regiment. After the fall of Little Rock, recruiting was far more difficult than it had been in the first years of the war, the remaining Confederate regiments were plagued by desertions. On September 16,1863, in the aftermath of the fall of the state capitol. The Governors order directed the regiments to march to Arkadelphia at the earliest possible day, companies were to be mounted and commanders were to compel persons evading the call to come to the rendezvous. The intent was to companies of twelve-month mounted volunteers. Only six physicians, one druggist, millers to supply the wants of the country, clerks, sheriffs, postmasters, and persons in the employ of the Confederate States were exempted from the order. The order succeeded so well as to get organized in the counties where the call for the militia was enforced which resulted in seven companies being collected under the call. Flanagin also stated that the troops raised by the State are more than all the troops raised by volunteering, or by the conscript law. Col. Trader remained in command of the troops until he resigned in June 1864. On January 14,1864, Governor Flanagin, through General Peay, issued General Orders, Company B – of Clark County, Captain Reuben C. Company C – of Sevier County, Captain Allen T. Pettus, Company D – of Polk County, Captain G. A. Hale, commanding. Company E – of Hot Spring County, Captain John W. Dyer, Allen T. Pettus was elected Lieutenant Colonel of this battalion. The 1st Battalion, Arkansas State Troops performed routine duties in the general area between Washington and Arkadelphia during the winter of 1863-64. The Battalion was commanded by Colonel W. H. Trader during this period, both the troops and Colonel Trader were cited for gallant conduct during the battle. Red River Campaign, Arkansas March–May,1864, Battle of Poison Springs, Arkansas, April 18,1864. Battle of Marks Mills, Arkansas, April 25,1864, Robert C. Newton assigned to the command of the regiment until an election could be held for field officers. The companies of this regiment included, Company A — Capt, reed, composed of men from Clark County
4.
1st Flying Training Squadron
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The 1st Flying Training Squadron is part of the 306th Flying Training Group based at Pueblo Memorial Airport, Colorado. It conducts flight training for all USAF Pilot and Combat Systems Officer trainees and it would help for students to show up with at least a few flight hours to help them to pass Initial Flight Screening. The 1st provided pilot and navigator training to all Air Force rated personnel assigned to headquarters in the Washington, D. C. area from. It conducted the USAF flight screening program for training candidates between 1990 and 1994 and flew the initial T-3 Firefly operations in early 1994
5.
1st Force Reconnaissance Company
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1st Force Recon Company was deactivated 26 October 2006 and the majority of the personnel were used to create 1st Marine Special Operations Battalion. In 2008 Delta Company, 1st Recon Company was redesignated the I MEF Force Reconnaissance Company and it continues to provide I Marine Expeditionary Force and its subordinate MAGTFs with Corps level reconnaissance, battlespace shaping and direct action raids. 1st Force Recon Company was tasked with 9 Mission Essential Tasks, 1st Force would often be augmented by reserve forces from 3d and 4th Force Recon Companies for combat deployments. First Force Reconnaissance Company was activated on 19 June 1957 at Camp Margarita, Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, many Marines from the amphib recon company and 1st Reconnaissance Battalion augmented the new Fleet Marine Force-level reconnaissance capabilities to force commanders. The Companys first company commander was Major Bruce F. Meyers, 1st Force Recon pioneered the High Altitude Low Opening parachuting technique in 1958 that allowed for a more secure and accurate insertion of a deep reconnaissance team. 1st Platoon, Sub Unit #1, embarked onto the USS Cook and sailed for southern Thailand, to the Royal Thai Navy base of Sattahip, in December 1964. The 1st Platoon conducted reconnaissance patrols with the Royal Thai Marine Corps, by the end of January, they finished their recon operations in Thailand and sailed for Vietnam for the planned amphibious landings in March 1965. The sub unit was the first Force Recon unit to serve in Republic of Vietnam and was led by Captain David Whittingham and they operated from Da Nang, Phu Bai, Chu Lai, Gia Vuc and Kham Duc, in the I Corps Tactical Zone. November 1965, 2nd Platoon was attached to the Special Forces team A-106 at Ba To. A combined patrol from Ba To was attacked on the night of the 16 December, by mid-December 1965, 3rd platoon arrived in the Republic of Vietnam and was attached to Special Forces team A-107 at Tra Bong. The rest of the Force Recon Company arrived in June 1965, 1st Force was deactivated on 30 September 1974 and its personnel rolled into the deep reconnaissance company of 1st Reconnaissance Battalion. The 11th MEU Force Reconnaissance Platoon supported a Non-combatant evacuation operation in Asmara, Eritrea, Operation Safe Departure was conducted as a precautionary measure to ensure the safety of American citizens in the midst of a heated border dispute between Eritrea and Ethiopia. All total,172 persons, to include 105 Americans, were evacuated to Amman, Jordan. The Force Recon platoon provided embassy reinforcement and security for the MEU forward command element, Force Reconnaissance Marines on the 11th MEU, 13th MEU and 15th MEU supported humanitarian assistance operations in East Timor in 1999 and 2000. In 1990 1st Force Reconnaissance company was deployed to Kuwait in support of Operation Desert Shield, Force Reconnaissance Marines established observation posts and conducted motorized patrols along the Kuwaiti Border. Operation Desert Storm was launched in January 1991, two teams infiltrated the Mogadishu port facility, established observation positions at the Mogadishu airport and supported a raid company from 1st Battalion, 7th Marines with fire support. The remainder of 1st Force flew into the airport and conducted reconnaissance, in 2005-2006, 1st Force Recon Company, augmented with platoons from 3d and 4th Force, participated in the Operation Iraqi Freedom. Platoons participated in campaigns during this time to include Operation Matador in the city of Al Qaim
6.
1st Raider/Paratrooper Brigade (Greece)
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The 1st Raider/Paratrooper Brigade, is a brigade-sized formation of elite Greek light infantry and special operations forces. The formation is commonly referred to as the Raider Forces. The nucleus of the Raider units was the Sacred Squadron, a Free Greek unit of commandos attached to the Allied 1st Special Air Service Brigade during the Second World War. Its members consisted of officers and NCOs who had fled to North Africa after the fall of Greece to Axis forces. The Sacred Squadron was later transferred to the Greek theatre of operations, after the liberation of Greece from German occupation, a proposal was made for the reformation of the Hellenic Armed Forces under British guidance. This proposal included the establishment of a small, highly trained, the Mountain Raider Companies or LOK, were formed on 20 January 1947 and began operations almost immediately in Greeces mountainous terrain. Beta Raider Squadron was formed at Vouliagmeni, Athens in August 1947 and took part in Civil War operations in Thessaly, Central Greece, Epirus, West Macedonia and Euboea. Delta Raider Squadron was established at the city of Volos, Thessaly in December 1947. Epsilon Raider Squadron was formed in April 1949 and took part in Civil War operations until December 1949, by 1949, the LOK squadrons were so successful against the communist insurgents that the Raider Forces Command was expanded to two brigades. In the late 1960s, the Greek Central Intelligence Service, a tool of the KYP and CIA, a LOK detachment played a part in the 1967 Greek coup détat by storming and securing the Army General Staff buildings at Cholargos, Athens. A further restructuring of the Greek Army in 1996 saw the amalgamation of all Raider Forces regiments into the current Brigade formation, 1st Raider/Paratrooper Brigade soldiers wear the standard-issue Greek Lizard camouflage BDUs of the Hellenic Army. Members of the Special Paratrooper Unit and Z MAK may occasionally wear non-standard issue BDUs, all members of the Brigade wear the unit insignia depicting a winged sword, representative of the deadly, silent and swift nature of special forces operations. A scroll runs across the sword and wings with the motto Who Dares Wins, the unit flash is emblazoned with ΔΥΝΑΜΕΙΣ ΚΑΤΑΔΡΟΜΩΝ. While on operation, low-visibility patches are worn, all Raiders wear the green beret with the national emblem on the left. They are the Brigades contribution to the Defence Ministrys DESAA, the Multi-Branch Operational Rapid Response Command, along with the Hellenic Navys DYK, the formation is also known as Force Delta. Operation Niki Greek Raiders, Special Weapons Magazine, October 2013 Hellenic Army General Staff - Official Site
7.
2 Brothers on the 4th Floor
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2 Brothers on the 4th Floor is a Dutch musical group created in 1990 by brothers Martin and Bobby Boer. The group has had success in countries including the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, Czech Republic, Norway, Finland, South Africa, Chile, Israel, the United States. The most recent members of 2 Brothers on the 4th Floor are Martin and Bobby Boer, Dutch singer Désirée Claudette Manders, the brothers then brought together rapper Da Smooth Baron MC and singers Peggy The Duchess and Gale Robinson to form their stage act. The release of their single, Turn Da Music Up was somewhat less successful. 2 Brothers on the 4th Floor made two hit singles together before separating,2 Brothers on the 4th Floor was revived by the Boer brothers in 1993. Bobby joined Martin in his studio and, after some time and this single was the first to be launched with rapper D-Rock and singer Desirée Manders. The song Dreams, which the song of the bands first album, was a song that captured the essence of Eurodance. Due to the genres popularity when the song was released in 1994, the bands renewed style and concept was accepted well by Dutch audience. Never Alone topped the charts for weeks and went gold, Dreams, the bands subsequent single, went straight to number one and remained on the charts for weeks and Let Me Be Free, its successor, remained in the top ten nationally for some time. In 1995 and 1996,2 Brothers on the 4th Floor further widened their success with the singles Fly, Come Take My Hand and Fairytales and these singles topped the charts in various European countries. At the end of 1996, the released the single Theres a Key. After 2, the band shifted styles and first recorded the single One Day, afterwards, they returned to their previous Eurodance style with the single Im Thinkin of U. In March 1998,2 Brothers on the 4th Floor released the single Do U Know, at the beginning of the fall of 1998, the single The Sun Will Be Shining was released. It contains remixes by Mark van Dale & Enrico, Dance Therapy, packaged with The Sun Will Be Shining was a CD-ROM featuring the videos of The Sun Will Be Shining and The Making Of. On February 5,1999, the single Heaven Is Here was released, october 29 of that year saw the release of the single Living In Cyberspace. On June 16,2000, the single Wonderful Feeling was released, on June 29,2001, the single Stand Up And Live was released. 2 Brother on the 4th Floor never released its third album due to problems with, among other things, currently, the band is touring since 2006. They just released The Very Best of in April 2016, desRay has a solo career, and D-Rock is working with the band E-Life
8.
2AM discography
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The discography of 2AM consists of three studio albums, three extended plays and eighteen singles. In addition, they released three singles and eight commercial singles for their endorsement deals with various companies. 2AM debuted with their first single This Song in 2008, a^ They were released before the Gaon Chart was launched. A^ These tracks were released before the Gaon Chart was launched, b^ The Korea K-Pop Hot 100 was established on August 25,2011 before being discontinued in July 2014
9.
2d Air Refueling Squadron
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The 2d Air Refueling Squadron is a unit of the United States Air Force. It is part of the 305th Air Mobility Wing at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, the 2d ARS is the second-oldest squadron in the Air Force, having over 100 years of service to the nation. It was re-formed as an air refueling squadron by Strategic Air Command in 1949, today, it operates the KC-10 Extender aircraft, conducting aerial refueling missions. The squadron was activated on 12 May 1915 by the Aviation Section and it was the second to be organized in the United States Army, as noted by its numerical designation. It was organized at Rockwell Field, San Diego, California, where the only Aviation School at that time was located, other members were taken from the 1st Aero Squadron, then the only completely equipped squadron in the Army. It was the policy of the Aviation School to completely train, the squadron consisted of six flying officers and thirty-nine enlisted men, primarily mechanics. Two officers and ten men were transferred from the 1st Aero Squadron and it sailed from San Francisco for Manila on 5 January 1916. After two weeks of quarantine, the unit reached its station on Corregidor on 14 February without aircraft and it was the first complete aviation unit assigned outside of the United States. The 2d received four Martin S-Hydro seaplanes on 13 March and 15 April, a radio transmitter was set up in one aircraft, giving the aircraft a broadcast range of 29 miles. On 28 June, the company provided artillery spotting and adjustment for target practice with the Fort Mills batteries, personnel for a second company were assembled and the unit was re-designated the 2d Aero Squadron on 20 July 1917. After the United States entered World War I, the squadron was ordered back to the United States and it sailed from Manila on 15 October 1917, arriving in San Francisco on 17 November. It was immediately transferred to Kelly Field, Texas, reaching the post on 22 November, many of the men of the squadron were assigned to Call Field, Wichita Falls, Texas. The remainder of the squadron was sent to Kelly Field #2, at Field #2, the mechanics began assembling Curtiss JN-4D Trainers. After a few months, the men had time to worry about their assignment at Kelly Field when suddenly various squadrons began to be ordered for overseas duty in France. The men of the squadron began to submit requests to be included in these outgoing squadrons. Some transfers were approved, however, most were retained at Kelly Field, the 2d squadron was assigned to Advanced Cross Country and Aerobatic flight training. The squadron was re-designated as Squadron A, Kelly Field, on 1 July 1918, at the end of the war, only six members of the squadron remained from the initial cadre that was formed up in San Diego in 1915. The squadron was demobilized on 18 November 1918, after World War I, the unit was re-organized as a new organization, designated as the 2d Aero Squadron on 3 June 1919 at Rockwell Field, California
10.
2d Combat Cargo Group
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The 2d Combat Cargo Group is an inactive United States Army Air Forces unit. Its last duty station under this designation was at Yokota Air Base, Japan, the 2d Combat Cargo Group was organized at Syracuse Army Air Base, New York, and trained with C-46 and C-47 aircraft. It moved to Baer Field, Indiana for overseas processing and its operational squadrons were the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th Combat Cargo Squadrons. The group moved to the Southwest Pacific, arriving in November 1944 and it initially operated from Biak Island, Papua New Guinea to fly passengers and cargo to US bases in Australia, New Guinea, the Admiralties, and the Philippines. The group also dropped supplies to US and guerrilla forces in the Philippines, the group moved to Leyte in May 1945. Maintaining its flights in the Southwest Pacific, it transported personnel and supplies to the Ryukyus. The 2d moved to Okinawa in August 1945, while there it transported personnel and equipment of the occupation forces to Japan and ferried liberated prisoners of war back to the Philippines. The group moved to Japan in September 1945 and served with the forces until it was inactivated on 15 January 1946. It was disbanded on 8 October 1948 and it was inactivated circa1 July 1994. It has since converted to provisional status as the 362d Air Expeditionary Group. 20 August 1945 Yokota Airfield, Japan, c.22 September 1945 –15 January 1946. afhra. af. mil/
11.
3-D Man
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3-D Man is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Although his adventures take place in the 1950s, the character was created by Roy Thomas in the 1970s in the anthology series Marvel Premiere. The character was writer Thomas homage to the Joe Simon and Jack Kirby character Captain 3-D, the character also appeared in Incredible Hulk #251–252, Contest of Champions, and What If vol. 3-D Man did not appear again for years, until he was reintroduced in Avengers Forever #4 and appeared in Avengers #50–55. Brothers Chuck and Hal Chandler were born in Los Angeles, California, as a test pilot for NASA in 1958, Chuck was piloting the experimental XF-13 rocket plane when he was captured by Skrull invaders. They attempted to interrogate him, but Chuck escaped, damaging the Skrulls warp drive in the process, the Skrull saucer exploded as Chuck flew away, exposing him to strange radiation. He crashed the XF-13 in the Mojave Desert, and when his younger, crippled brother Hal attempted to rescue him, Chuck disappeared, believed to have been killed. Hal, a research scientist, discovered that Chucks image had been imprinted on the lenses of his glasses, when Hal wore the glasses and concentrated, he triggered a dimensional shift that caused Chuck to materialize into a three-dimensional existence. In his new form Chuck wore a green and red bodysuit, and his strength, speed. As the costumed 3-D Man, Chuck fought another group of Skrull agents and he battled more Skrull infiltrators, and then battled the Cold Warrior. At some point after his 1950s adventures Hal Chandler decided to stop functioning as 3-D Man, after this encounter, 3-D Man returned into his brothers glasses, determined never to return. However, alongside many other costumed heroes, he was summoned briefly by the Grandmaster, the Skrull ship that had captured Chuck Chandler had also found one of the light pyramids, and the ships explosion infused Chuck with the pyramids power. Tremont and the Understanding then drained the tri-power from a captive Hal and empowered Triune member and disgraced former Olympic athlete Delroy Garrett, dubbing him Triathlon. Donning the goggles awakened one of the original 3-D Mans powers in Garrett, with these goggles, Garrett played an important role in Marvels Secret Invasion, outing several Skrull infiltrators placed within the Initiative. Garrett managed to maintain this new ability even after the goggles were destroyed in combat, the Chandler brothers received their superhuman abilities through exposure to an unknown radiation in the explosion of a Skrull starship. Hal Chandler could, by concentrating on the image of his brother Chuck imprinted on his glasses, summon a super-powered version of his brother, Chuck had a telepathic link with Hal, who would lose consciousness and become comatose when the 3-D Man is active. The 3-D Mans consciousness is apparently a synthesis of Chuck and Hals minds, the 3-D Man wore a specially designed NASA flight suit, altered in appearance and bonded to his skin. As 3-D Man, Chuck Chandler possessed approximately three times the physical capabilities of a physically fit but otherwise normal human male
12.
3d Fighter Training Squadron
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The 3rd Fighter Training Squadron is part of the 71st Operations Group under the 71st Flying Training Wing. It operates the T-1A Jayhawk aircraft conducting advanced phase tanker/transport flight training and it was not re-activated until 1973. To qualify warriors with the skills and attitude necessary to become the worlds best combat airlift, the 3d Fighter Training Squadron dates to the organization of the 3d Aero Squadron on 1 November 1916 at Fort Sam Houston, Texas. Most of the officers and men of the Squadron were transferred from the Aviation School at Rockwell Field, San Diego, California, where, at the time, all Army aviators were trained. There, it replaced the 1st Aero Squadron, whose members were sent to Columbus Airfield, there, the squadron may have operated some Curtiss JN-3s and possibly some Curtiss N-8s, preparing them to be sent south to Columbus. By March 1917, men from the 3d Aero Squadron were hard at work clearing the cotton plants from the land and laying foundations for hangars and mess halls at what would become Kelly Field. On 5 April 1917, one day before the United States entered World War I, on 29 August 1917 the 3d Aero Squadron left Kelly Field for Fort Sill, Oklahoma with 12 Curtiss R4 airplanes under the command of a Captain Weir to establish a new training airfield. The squadron was assigned to Henry Post Field and it was re-designated as Squadron A, Henry Post Field, Oklahoma. At Post Field, the 3d was most likely a training unit in support of the United States Army Field Artillery School. In September 1917, the 4th Aero Squadron was transferred to Post Field from Fort Sam Houston, the 3d was ordered to transfer 135 men to the 4th to bring the squadron up to its authorized strength. The 3d was redesignated as Squadron A, with the 4th being redesignated as Squadron B in July 1918, both squadrons were demobilized at the end of World War I on 2 January 1919. The unit was re-formed as a new unit, designated as the 3d Aero Squadron, on 13 May 1919 at Mitchel Field, many of the men were experienced mechanics and officers who had served either in France or at training units in the United States during World War I. After being organized, the squadron was transferred by train to San Francisco, California, the squadron was assigned to the Philippine Department, and was stationed initially at Camp Stotsenburg on Luzon. Some Dayton-Wright DH-4s, which were used as trainers during the war in the United States, on 10 March 1920, along with the 2d Aero Squadron, which had arrived in December 1919, the squadrons were organized into the 1st Group. On 14 March 1921, the squadron was re-designated as the 3d Squadron, its mission was to provide aerial defense as part of the 4th Composite Group. In 1924, the squadron was consolidated with its World War I predecessor organization. Exercises and maneuvers with Army ground forces and Naval forces were a regular, the 3d had received P-26 Peashooters in 1937, the latest in the line of second-line aircraft. These obsolete aircraft were replaced in early 1941 with impressed export versions of the Seversky P-35 being designated EP-106 by the company that were manufactured for the Swedish Air Force
13.
3D optical data storage
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3D optical data storage is the term given to any form of optical data storage in which information can be recorded and/or read with three-dimensional resolution. This innovation has the potential to provide mass storage on DVD-sized discs. Data recording and readback are achieved by focusing lasers within the medium, however, because of the volumetric nature of the data structure, the laser light must travel through other data points before it reaches the point where reading or recording is desired. Therefore, some kind of nonlinearity is required to ensure that other data points do not interfere with the addressing of the desired point. Current optical data storage media, such as the CD and DVD store data as a series of marks on an internal surface of a disc. These interactions cause noise that limits the technology to approximately 10 layers, 3D optical data storage methods circumvent this issue by using addressing methods where only the specifically addressed voxel interacts substantially with the addressing light. This necessarily involves nonlinear data reading and writing methods, in nonlinear optics. 3D optical data storage is related to data storage. Layer-selection multilayer technology is closely related. As an example, a prototypical 3D optical data storage system may use a disc that looks much like a transparent DVD, the disc contains many layers of information, each at a different depth in the media and each consisting of a DVD-like spiral track. In order to information on the disc a laser is brought to a focus at a particular depth in the media that corresponds to a particular information layer. When the laser is turned on it causes a change in the media. As the disc spins and the head moves along a radius. The depth of the focus may then be changed and another entirely different layer of information written, the distance between layers may be 5 to 100 micrometers, allowing >100 layers of information to be stored on a single disc. In order to read the back, a similar procedure is used except this time instead of causing a photochemical change in the media the laser causes fluorescence. This is achieved e. g. by using a laser power or a different laser wavelength. The intensity or wavelength of the fluorescence is different depending on whether the media has been written at that point, the size of individual chromophore molecules or photoactive color centers is much smaller than the size of the laser focus. The light therefore addresses a number of molecules at any one time
14.
3d Special Operations Squadron
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The 3d Special Operations Squadron flies MQ-1 Predator Remotely Piloted Aircraft and is currently located at Cannon Air Force Base in Clovis, New Mexico. The 3d SOS is under the command of the Air Force Special Operations Command, organized in France in April 1918, the Photographic Section No.1 processed aerial photographs taken by flying units working with the I Army Corps and French XXXVIII Army Corps,5 April–November 1918. The 1 Photographic Section, from September 1919 until becoming the 3 Observation Squadron on 1 June 1937, at Langley Field, VA, the squadron engaged in aerial observation work with the Coast Artillery School until April 1942. It supported ground forces on maneuvers during 1942, and served as a training, the squadron was not manned or equipped,1 Mar –2 July 1944. Activated again in May 1952 under Strategic Air Command as part of its reconnaissance mission. The squadron did not receive its first aircraft until 1 July 1953 and it received RB-47E aircraft in March 1954, and conducted its first long-range mission in May 1954. The squadron deployed at RAF Upper Heyford, England,14 September –3 November 1954, flights which involved penetrating mainland Russia were termed SENSINT missions. One RB-47 even managed to fly 450 miles inland and photograph the city of Igarka in Siberia and it photographed numerous Air Force bases and American cities, 1954–1958, and participated regularly in SAC exercises. Missions flown on a reduced scale after February 1958 when events showed the vulnerability of the RB-47 to Soviet air defenses, became non-operational,15 April –1 July 1958. As the 3d Air Commando Squadron in South Vietnam, it absorbed resources of the 14 Air Commando Squadron, from 16 February –1 May 1969, all squadron aircraft were maintained on ground alert when not flying, due to the TET offensive. It began transferring its gunships to the Vietnamese Air Force in June 1969, the 3 Tactical Electronic Warfare Training Squadron although having a tactical designation, was not equipped with aircraft. Rather, it operated Camp ODonnell, Philippines, the Pacific Air Forces Electronic Warfare Range, the Crowe Valley Aerial Gunnery Range and it provided realistic conventional, tactical, and electronic warfare training in a simulated combat environment during COPE THUNDER exercises. These exercises provided combat training for aircrews of not only the US Air Force, but also fighter crews of the US Marine Corps, US Navy. Following the eruption of Mt Pinatubo in June 1991, personnel were evacuated, provided remotely piloted aircraft support to a multitude of ground forces,2005 – present
15.
3rd Tank Battalion
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The 3rd Tank Battalion was an armor battalion of the United States Marine Corps. A gold banner appears above the shield inscribed THIRD TANK BATTALION and another below the shield inscribed SHOCK, MOBILITY, the M4A3 was the main battle tank of the battalion upon being organized during World War II and represents the origins of the battalion. Subsequent insignia and devices are variations of this insignia, typically changing the tank to a more modern version. The 3rd Tank Battalion was formed during World War II on 16 September 1942, each of the three regimental combat teams of the 3rd Marine Division had their own tank company and a scout car platoon. The 9th Marines tank company became Company A, 21st Marines company became Company B, when the battalion was formed it absorbed the three companies, a Headquarters and Service Company, Company D, and Company E. Company E was a combined arms reconnaissance unit that had three scout platoons and they were formed from a group of reassigned recon scouts from the Scout and Sniper companies within the 3rd Marine Division. They became the forerunner of the Marine Division Reconnaissance assets used by the Marine divisions today and its mechanized armor uses are also in effect today. During the 1980s, the Light Armored Reconnaissance battalions were formed, in January–February 1943, they deployed to Auckland, New Zealand. They participated in the Battle of Bougainville, Battle of Guam, arriving on the island on 20 February 1945, the battalion played an important role in the capture of Iwo Jima. Following the end of the war the battalion staged through Guam, on 7 January 1946, the battalion was deactivated at Camp Pendleton. With the outbreak of the Korean War the battalion was reactivated at Camp Pendleton on 5 March 1952, in August 1953, the battalion sailed for Yokohama, Japan for service with the 3rd Marine Division at Camp Fuji. In February 1956, the 3d Tank Battalion was relocated to Okinawa and the following year moved to Camp Hansen, Okinawa. On 3 March 1965 SSG John Downey, 3rd platoon, Company B, 3rd US Marine Corps 3rd Tank Battalion, drove his M48A3 Patton tank off the landing craft onto Red Beach 2 in I Corps, South Vietnam. SSG Downeys USMC Patton tank became the first US tank to enter the Vietnam War, the 3rd Tank Battalion conducted combat operations in South Vietnam from 1965 to 1969 and set up a command post at Da Nang. In 1965 the 3rd Tanks engaged the Viet Cong 1st Regiment southwest of Da Nang, pushing them into the sea, eventually two full battalions, consisting of the USMC 1st and 3rd Tank Battalions, would end up conducting combat operations in northern I Corps, South Vietnam. They participated in actions against communist forces during the Tet Offensive of 1968, and during the re-taking of the city of Huế. Until their re-deployment in 1969–70, the 3rd Tanks served as a defense at the DMZ along the 17th Parallel. Around the time of the Iran-U. S, hostage Crisis the US Department of Defense developed a concept for rapid deployment of forces which became the Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force
16.
6th Portuguese India Armada (Albergaria, 1504)
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The Sixth India Armada was assembled in 1504 on the order of King Manuel I of Portugal and placed under the command of Lopo Soares de Albergaria. The 6th Armada was composed of 13 ships, approximately nine large nau or carracks, the exact composition of the fleet differs in the various accounts. The following list of ships should not be regarded as authoritative, no actual names of ships are known. Chronicles suggest most were carracks, accompanied by three or four ships, denoted as nta in the list). The captains of three of the navetas are identified in all the chronicles, although there is disagreement over the fourth. The above list of captains is principally based on João de Barross Décadas, Damião de Goiss Chronica, Castanhedas História, the Relação das Naus da Índia introduces some of the name variations. To get thirteen again, Correia asserts the captain-major Lopo Soares de Albergaria does not have his own ship, the admiral of the fleet was Lopo Soares de Albergaria. Albergaria was a noble, well-connected to the Almeida family. Lopo Soares de Albergaria sailed either on his own ship or on the ship captained by Pêro de Mendonça, Lopo de Abreu da Ilha may have been designated vice-admiral, although D. Leonel Coutinho may have been a higher noble. Manuel Telles de Vasconcelos was the nephew of influential Portuguese courtier, two of the captains are veterans of earlier expeditions, Pedro Afonso de Aguiar and Lopo Mendes de Vasconcellos had sailed in the 4th Armada of 1502. There was some participation in the fleet. At least one of the ships was outfitted by Catarina Dias de Aguiar, the carracks were designated to return to Lisbon with spice cargoes, the three or four small ships were slated to remain in India, to bolster the local Portuguese coastal patrol. The 2nd India Armada under Pedro Álvares Cabral had opened hostilities between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Zamorin of Calicut, the dominant maritime power on the Malabar Coast of India. The large and well-armed 4th Armada of 1502 led by Vasco da Gama had hoped, by means of strong show of force, but in spite of terror, bombardment and blockade, the Zamorin had refused to yield. The Zamorins defiance convinced Vasco da Gama that this was going to be a fight than he had anticipated, one that required more men. Gama delivered his report to Lisbon in 1503, too late to affect the outfitting of the 5th Armada, which had left under the command of Afonso de Albuquerque a few months earlier. As noted explicitly in his regimento, Lopo Soares de Albergaria was under orders to accept no peace with the Zamorin of Calicut. April 22,1504 - The 13 ships of the 6th Armada leave the Tagus estuary, may 2 - Ships arrive at the first collection point, Cape Verde
17.
7 South African Infantry Battalion
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7 South African Infantry Battalion is a motorised infantry unit of the South African Army. 7 SAI was established on October 1,1973 at Bourkes Luck, the first national servicemen began training in 1974. The unit would relocate to Phalaborwa in 1981, in 1983 the Units Bravo Coy was stationed at Rundu for Reaction Force Duties under the command of 202Bn for 6 months, were after they were posted to Nepara for a further 6-month deployment. In its deployment at Sector 107 SAI Bravo Company was involved in operations in Angola were some members were wounded in an incident involving a Soviet-made hand grenade during Ops Askari. The 1987 August intake of 7 SAI Alpha Company, was deployed to the area of Cuito Cuanavale. Alpha Company consisted of five infantry platoons as well as an 81 mm mortar platoon and was deployed to the side of the Cuito river for a period of 1 month. Alpha company flew from Rundu airport, landing at Mavinga and was driven in vehicles to its operational deployment areas, during its time of deployment, various platoons were allocated as mechanised infantry while the remainder formed a base camp sending out roving patrols in the area. After one month of 7 SAIs deployment in Angola, peace accords were signed and Alpha Company,7 SAI, was withdrawn from Angola to a camp in Rundu. Notable mention should be made of the efforts of Corporal Beukes, Mortar Platoon fire team leader, Beukes ensured that the Alpha Company,7 SAI column of vehicles was able to drive 600 km from Cuito to Rundu without a loss of a vehicle. 7 SAI changed from a unit to a rear area protection unit when 113 SAI became part of the unit. It became part of the Rapid Deployment Force during November 1994,7 SAI took part in Operation Boleas in 1998 in Lesotho to restore order after an army coup. In 2002, the took part in the UN/AU peace mission, Operation Fibre to restore stability in Burundi. SANDF’s Motorised Infantry is transported mostly by Samil trucks, Mamba APC’s or other un-protected motor vehicles, Samil 20,50 and 100 trucks transport soldiers, towing guns, and carrying equipment and supplies. Samil trucks are all-wheel drive, in order to have vehicles that function reliably in extremes of weather and terrain
18.
The 7th Saga
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The 7th Saga, titled Elnard in Japan, is a role-playing video game developed by Produce and published by Enix for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1993. The player chooses one of seven characters, all of whom separately embark on a quest to locate seven magical runes. As the player progresses through the game from one town to the next, the player may partner with one of the other playable characters to fight as a team, and they may also fight against other playable characters for the runes. Notable unique innovations include the use of a crystal ball radar that allows players to see enemies approaching their character in dungeons and this means that combat is not totally random, as players may theoretically avoid enemies. The game also uses Mode 7 graphic effects to create the transition between exploration screen and battle screen, there are three modes of play, safe area, enemy-infested area, and in-battle. When the characters are in an area, usually in a city. The player can talk to characters, buy and sell items, search for hidden items. Also, the character may duel other characters, or even convince one to assist in the search for the runes. When the player is in an area, the Magic Crystal item in the top-left appears. That crystal shows the player in the center, and the locations of nearby enemies, cities, dungeons. If a white dot reaches the center, i. e. the location of the main characters, the player must move around quickly while grabbing chests and finding the way, since the enemies are always getting closer. Battles in the game are turn-based, when the player character is in battle, the perspective shows the character and ally, if any, from behind looking at one to three enemies. Players then select an action and take turns with the enemy, the player can attack, defend, cast a spell, use an item, or run. If the player wins, his/her characters get experience points, gold, if he loses, half of his/her money will be gone. If the player loses to one of the main characters. Gaining experience results in attaining levels which improve a characters skill, buying better weapons and armor with the money improves a characters fighting ability. The game is known for its unforgiving difficulty due to balance changes made in its localization. Enemies were given much higher stats, and the player characters stat increases were reduced, the game takes place on a world called Ticondera
19.
009-1
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009-1 is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Shotaro Ishinomori. The manga was serialized in the Futabasha publication Weekly Manga Action from 1967 to 1970, the story concerns Miléne Hoffman, a female cyborg who works as a secret agent. The Japanese title of the manga was 009ノ1, or Zero Zero Ku-no-ichi, a pun on kunoichi, the original manga was adapted into a live-action drama for Fuji Television in 1969 entitled Flower Action 009ノ1. The manga was adapted into a 12-episode anime series by Ishimori Entertainment. The anime has been licensed for a North American release by A. D, the first volume was released on June 19,2007, although it was originally scheduled for release in March 2007. In 2008, the show, along with 30 other ADV titles were relicensed to Funimation, in the final episode, there are two homages to Gerry Anderson television shows involving the moon, an Eagle Transport from Space,1999 and SHADO Mobiles from UFO. In the episode Reverse-Explosion a spaceship is destroyed by impacting the moon and this is Thunderbird 5 from Gerry Andersons Thunderbirds. On June 2013, it was announced the manga would be adapted into a film directed by Koichi Sakamoto. Minehiro Kinomoto, Nao Nagasawa, Mao Ichimichi, Shizuka Midorikawa, Naoto Takenaka and it premiered on September 7,2013. Mylene Hoffman Voiced by, Yumiko Shaku, Alice Fulks An agent of the all-female Nine Number Group, one of the ten groups in the Zero Zero Organization, a Western Bloc intelligence organization. Almost her entire body has been cybernetized, and various parts of her body are equipped with special functions which are necessary for spy activity. Besides her standard weapon, which is a ray gun, the WA-P009, she also wears earring communicators, boots with a needle gun. Her most secret pieces of equipment are her 9 mm machine guns integrated into her breasts, various secret equipment has been installed and modifications done, but her physical abilities were high to begin with, and she also has a clear mind. Together, all of this makes her the single most outstanding agent in the Zero Zero Organization, in the episode that takes place at the haunted castle, she tells Loki that her code name is Muse. Number Zero Voiced by, Houchu Ohtsuka, Grant James Number Zero is the command of the Zero Zero Organization and his personal history is wrapped completely in mystery, and no one knows his true identity. His relationship with Mylene can be seen as one of a father figure, on occasion, he has shown emotion when speaking frankly with his subordinates, but he is essentially calm, cool, and collected, allowing him to give his subordinates appropriate orders. Loki Voiced by, Toshiyuki Morikawa, Gray Haddock A man of mystery that Mylene gets to know and he is an agent from the Eastern Bloc. He was invited to the castle along with Odin and Freya
20.
9th Airlift Squadron
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The 9th Airlift Squadron is a unit of the United States Air Force based at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware and flying the C-5M Super Galaxy. The 9th Airlift Squadron provides global reach with unique outsized and oversized airlift capability, the Proud Pelicans provide worldwide airlift to meet Department of Defense, Department of State and Presidential mobility requirements. The unit supports global engagement through direct delivery of time-critical theater deployment assets, the 9th conducted replacement training through 1943, and subsequently aerial transportation in the Pacific Theater during World War II. It has provided worldwide airlift since 1953, the 9th resupplied scientific camps in Antarctica from 1959–1961, and 1965–1968. It also flew missions to Southeast Asia from 1965–1968, and 1972–1973, the squadron supported operations in Grenada,24 October 1983 –11 December 1983, Panama,19 December 1989 –14 January 1990, and Southwest Asia, August 1990–July 1991
21.
9th Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment
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The 9th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The Regiment was under the command of William Ward Duffield as colonel, the Ninth was the first Michigan regiment ordered to the western army or the Army of the Ohio, as it was called at the time. The regiment was sent to West Point, Kentucky to build fortifications on Muldraughs Hill, March 9, the 23rd Brigade was created, consisting of the Ninth Michigan, the 3rd Minnesota, and the 8th and 23rd Kentucky regiments. Col. Duffield was placed in command of the brigade which was ordered to Nashville and this left Parkurst in command of the Ninth, which was ordered to Nashville. The Regiment arrived in Nashville on March 23, and soon moved South to occupy the important city of Murfreesboro, Colonel Duffield left the brigade on May 9, to take command of the Department of Kentucky from the ailing Gen. Burnbridge. This left Col. Lester of the 3rd Minnesota in charge of the brigade, monday, June 30, four companies of the 9th Michigan, under the command of Major Fox, left Murfreesboro for Tullahoma. Col. Duffield rejoined the 9th in Murfreesboro on July 11,1862, because of decisions made by Col. Lester, the various union forces were camped in different locations. The 9th were attacked furiously by Forrests forces, at three different times during the fighting, the 9th sent messengers to Col. Lester and the 3rd Minnesota requesting reinforcements. Each time, the request was denied, even though the 3rd Minnesota were not under attack, after 8 hours of intense fighting, and suffering casualties of one-third of the fighting force, the 9th surrendered to Forrest. Col. Duffield was wounded twice during the battle and never returned to the Regiment, Forrest then invited Lester, under a flag of truce, to meet with the capture Union officers. Forrest lined the streets of town with as many Confederate soldiers as he could muster, after returning to his camp, Col. Lester and the 3rd Minnesota surrendered to Forrest, without having fired a shot. The six captured companies of the Ninth were paroled, and made their way to Camp Chase, eventually most of the regiment found their way home, waiting for word of their exchange so they could again take up arms. The other four companies remained at Tullahoma for some time, continuing to fortify that location, a month later, August 29,1862, Forrest attacked the Union garrison at McMinnville, Tennessee, which consisted of the 18th Ohio and Company D of the Ninth Infantry. Thirteen of Forrests men were killed in the attack, however none the Union garrisons defenders were mortally wounded, the following month, September 11,1862, the companies engaged Forrest at Tyree Springs, Tennessee. Its only casualty was Major Foxs son, Charles, who died days later. The Ninth would endure only two combat deaths during its existence. Both of them died in October 1864, from wounds suffered at Atlanta, Major Fox escorted his sons body home for burial, but did not return to the Ninth Regiment. He resigned on January 29,1863, and was commissioned colonel
22.
10th Armored Division (United States)
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The 10th Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army in World War II. In the European Theater of Operations the 10th Armored Division was part of both the Twelfth United States Army Group and Sixth United States Army Group. Originally assigned to the Third United States Army under General George S. Patton, the 10th Armored Division was inactivated on 13 October 1945 at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia. On 25 February 1953, the division was allotted to the Regular Army, the division was activated on 15 July 1942, at Fort Benning, Georgia. The Tiger nickname of the 10th originates from a division-wide contest held while it was training in the United States, symbolizing the division clawing and mauling its way through the enemy. Leaving Teurtheville,25 October, the Division moved to Mars-la-Tour, later that month, the 10th participated in the capture of Metz. It was the first time in 1500 years that the ancient fortress at Metz fell, after fierce fighting, the 10th moved to the Siegfried Line and led the Third Army into Germany on 19 November 1944. Combat Command-B’s lead Sherman tanks, tank destroyers and half-tracks entered Bastogne 18 December 1944 and these were the first combat troops to reach the threatened city. CCB’s commander, Col. William L. Roberts, split his command to form an arc facing eastward five miles from the city. A task force commanded by Maj. William R. Desobry went north to Noville, while a group under Lt. Col. Henry T. Lt. Col. James OHara’s group shifted southeast to Bras, at the same time, German forces moved westward with increasing momentum. Bastogne, a hub from which seven main roads diverged, was essential to the movement of Rundstedt’s panzers. Before dawn of 19 December five Nazi divisions attacked CCB, bazooka-armed American soldiers and a single platoon of tank destroyers fought a column of German Panzer IV tanks on the Houffalize-Noville highway, turning them back after a furious engagement. More enemy armor followed and with the road blocked, the battle spilled into the fields and woods. For eight hours, CCB alone withstood multiple German attacks before reinforcements arrived from the 101st Airborne Division, the Germans still maintained an advantage and the outnumbered Americans withdrew closer to Bastogne. The Germans sent pincers to the north and south, the night of 21 December, the pincers met and closed west of the city. In the surrounded city, the 10th assembled a reserve force to strike in any direction. CCB endured the cold, artillery barrages and bombing while their supplies, fourth Armored Division tanks finally broke through on 26 December, but CCB continued to fight until 18 January
23.
10.5: Apocalypse
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10.5, Apocalypse is a 2006 television miniseries written and directed by John Lafia. A sequel to 2004s 10.5, the film follows a series of catastrophic seismic disasters including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, a minor earthquake in Seattle forms the trigger to a magnitude 10.5 earthquake which destroys Los Angeles, California. The earthquake creates fault lines in the sea floor, which in turn creates a tsunami which capsizes a large cruise ship and causes massive damage to Honolulu. It turns out to be only the first of a series of events, including the awakening of an extinct volcano in Sun Valley, Idaho. Deforestation takes place at Kings Peak, Utah and The Hoover Dam in Boulder City, Nevada collapses when Lake Mead starts to heat up and expand beyond the spillways capacity. Las Vegas, Nevada is then destroyed when acidic water undermines underground limestone, the worst of the seismic events is a massive fault which has opened up under South Dakota, destroying Mount Rushmore in the process, and begins to travel southward towards the Gulf of Mexico. The theory also states that related seismic activity would be accelerated during the initial period of reversal. However, Dr. Earl Hill had been ostracised by the USGS for that theory, when Las Vegas sinks into the ground, he is caught in the casino of the Atlas Hotel. Samantha concludes that the massive faultline travelling towards the Gulf of Mexico threatens to re-create the Central American Seaway when it reaches the ocean, the second part of the miniseries begins with Dr. Hills rescue from the ruins of the Atlas Hotel just before it is swallowed up completely. At the same time, a fault line forms in North Dakota, passing through South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas. If it reaches Houston, Texas and the Gulf of Mexico, as predicted, a massive evacuation of the region is ordered, as an earthquake strikes Sedona, Arizona destroying the Chapel of the Holy Cross in the process. However, a plant in fictional Red Plains, Texas, is right in the faults path. If it is destroyed, the area and hundreds of miles around will be contaminated by nuclear waste. The main fault follows the new path around Red Plains, saving the nuclear plant, the scientists at the USGS cheer, only to find that nothing can stop the fault altogether. Once again it turns south, slicing through the middle of Houston to reach the Gulf of Mexico, at the same time, the northern half of the fault has reached Hudson Bay. Corbel Stewart Myiow Navajo Indian Raynald Lapierre.5, Apocalypse began filming in Montreal, Quebec, a sequel to 10.5, the miniseries used much of the same staff, headed by returning executive producers Howard Braunstein, Michael Jaffe, and Gary Pearl. The Sun Valley, Idaho scene was filmed at the Mont Tremblant Resort, all of the news reporters that appeared on TV in the film are all local news reporters for various news stations in Montreal. The visual effects for the movie were created by visual effects company Hybride,10.5, Apocalypse at the Internet Movie Database 10.5, Apocalypse at AllMovie
24.
11th Infantry Regiment (United States)
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The 11th Infantry Regiment is a regiment in the United States Army. It was raised for the Quasi-War with France but saw no war service, the Act of 20 February 1800, suspended enlistments for the new regiments. The Act of 14 May 1800, authorized the president to discharge them, during the summer little was done in Vermont beyond organizing the 11th infantry, which seems to have consisted originally of six companies from Vermont and four from New Hampshire. The army gathered at Plattsburgh, New York, numbering about eight thousand men, among them was the 11th regiment of regulars under Col. Isaac Clark. When Dearborn was prepared to cross the line, the British Major Salaberry also prepared to meet him, in the meantime a second party of the Americans had advanced, and commenced a sharp fire on those in possession of the ground, mistaking them for the British picket. This fire continued for half an hour, when, being undeceived. Regiment and militia from Pittsburgh, an enforcement of the act along the northern boundary line of Vermont was commenced. In this work Col. Isaac Clark of the 11th Infantry regiment, Col. Edward Fifield of the militia, were conspicuous. 10 February 1813, the Secretary of War ordered Gen, the 11th Infantry regiment was not full at that time, but was to be filled in a few weeks. 13 May 1813, five hundred men from the 11th Infantry regiment, being the first battalion, were ordered to Sacketts Harbor, and on 31 May left Burlington under the command of Lieut. Campbell, was wounded and the 11th Infantry came under command of Maj. John McNeil, who was breveted Lt. Col. for his actions. The third colonel of the regiment was Moody Bedel, became a general during the War of 1812. He was the son of Timothy Bedel a commander during the American Revolution, Moody Bedels son John Bedel was a brigadier general of volunteers during the American Civil War. It was consolidated May–October 1815 with a company of the 25th Infantry and a company each of the 27th, 29th, the third 11th U. S. regiment of infantry was authorized by Congress on 11 February 1847, as a one-year regiment for the Mexican–American War. Albert C. Ramsey was appointed Colonel of the 11th Infantry on 9 April 1847, the companies of infantry to be raised in Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Virginia. This 11th Infantry Regiment was disbanded in August 1848, officers of this regiment that served in the Civil War, Lt. -Col. John H. Savage, Col. C. S. A, Captain Charles T. Campbell, Brig. Gen. U. S. V. Taliaferro, Maj. 9th infantry, Col. C. S. A, 1st Lt. William H. Gray, Col. U. S. V
25.
11th Air Refueling Squadron
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The 11th Air Refueling Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 340th Air Refueling Wing, stationed at Altus AFB and it was inactivated on 1 October 1994. During World War II the squadron trained crews and technicians for photographic reconnaissance and mapping and it won numerous wards for its operational performance, including the Saunders Trophy for Outstanding Air Refueling Unit in 1970 and 1971. It was upgraded in 1965 to the KC-135 Stratotanker jet, about one-half of squadron personnel formed a rear echelon at Altus AFB. The forward echelon manned the 4101st Air Refueling Squadron, Provisional, some 11th ARS personnel were returning to Altus AFB on 4 November 1972, but some of the squadron remained on temporary duty in SEA. By January 1973 about half of the 11th’s KC-135s had returned and by June 1973 all aircraft, the 11th continued its normal SEA support as well as its many other global commitments. The squadron refueled its first C-5 Galaxy on 1 May 1974, the new group was assigned to the 19th Air Division and the 11th to the group. On 19 September 1985 the 11th Air Refueling Squadron was consolidated with the 11th Combat Mapping Squadron and this action was directed by Department of the Air Force Letter DAF/MPM 662q Attachment 1,19 September 1985. The Consolidated Unit will retain the Designation of 11th Air Refueling Squadron, the squadron was inactivated in 1994 as part of the drawdown of the USAF after the end of the Cold War. afhra. af. mil/. Maurer, Maurer, ed. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, washington, DC, Office of Air Force History. Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947-1977, washington, DC, Office of Air Force History
26.
11th Attack Squadron
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The US Air Force 11th Reconnaissance Squadron flies MQ-1 Predator unmanned aerial vehicles and is currently stationed at Creech Air Force Base in Indian Springs, Nevada. The 11th oversees the training of pilots and sensor operators assigned to the MQ-1, the 11th Reconnaissance Squadron is the U. S. The squadron was first activated as the 11th Observation Squadron at Wheeler-Sack Field in early 1942 and it initially operated in the southeastern United States under Third Air Force flying antisubmarine patrols along the Gulf Coast after the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor. It trained personnel in aerial reconnaissance, medium bombardment, and fighter techniques, after the war it was assigned to Shaw Field, South Carolina, and was never fully equipped or manned. The 11th was reactivated at Langley Field, Virginia in 1947 and equipped with Douglas RB-26 Invaders and it was reassigned to Twelfth Air Force and moved to March Air Force Base, California. Budget constraints, though, resulted in the units inactivation in March 1949, in 1957 the squadron received twelve Douglas RB-66C Destroyer electronic intelligence gathering planes. It was activated as a McDonnell Douglas RF-4C Phantom II reconnaissance squadron in 1966 under Tactical Air Command, the squadron deployed to Thailand shortly after formation, flying tactical reconnaissance missions primarily over North Vietnam and selected locations in Laos and Cambodia. The squadron provided much of the aerial photographic intelligence obtained during the Vietnam War, the unit was reactivated at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base later in 1971 as a Ryan AQM-34 Firebee unmanned tactical reconnaissance drone squadron. Performed photographic reconnaissance to tactical air and surface forces with tactical drones manufactured by Ryan Aeronautical. It used AQM-34L/M/V drones, Lockheed DC-130 Hercules launch vehicles, the group conducted follow-on testing and evaluation of the AQM-34V model drone and the initial operational testing and evaluation and developmental testing and evaluation of the DC-130H mother ship. The unit was inactivated in 1979, the squadron Provided real-time intelligence support to the 11th Tactical Control Wing and Eleventh Air Force from 1992 to 1994. In 1996 it became the first unmanned aerial vehicle squadron in the USAF and it provided deployable, long-endurance, aerial reconnaissance and surveillance while flying the Predator UAV, 1996-2002. It began to conducte flying training in the Predator in 2003, reactivated on 29 July 1995, at Indian Springs Air Force Auxiliary Field, Nevada, under command of the 57th Operations Group, 57th Wing. afhra. af. mil/. Maurer, Maurer, ed. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, washington, DC, Office of Air Force History. Encyclopedia of US Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems, vol.2, Post-World War II Bombers 1945-1973. Washington, DC, Office of Air Force History
27.
12"/50 caliber Mark 8 gun
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The 12/50 caliber gun Mark 8 was a US naval gun mounted on the Alaska-class cruisers. The gun was designed in 1939, and a prototype was tested in 1942 and they were then sent to the Naval Gun Factory for processing, which was followed by a trip to Watervliet Arsenal until they were 65% complete. Finally, the guns were sent back to the Naval Gun Factory to be finished. The gun was first deployed in 1944, on the ship of the Alaska class. The two Alaska-class ships each had nine Mark 8 guns mounted in three turrets, with two turrets forward and one aft, a configuration known as 2-A-1. Only two vessels of the class were completed, making them the only applications of the Mark 8 12/50 caliber gun, the Mark 8 weighed 121,856 pounds including the breech and was capable of an average rate of fire of 2. 4–3 rounds a minute. It could throw a 1,140 lb. Mark 18 armor-piercing shell 38,573 yards at an elevation of 45°, the previous 12 gun manufactured for the U. S. The barrel life of the Mark 8 guns was 344 shots, 16/50 caliber Mark 7 gun 14/50 caliber gun
28.
14-inch M1920 railway gun
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The 14-inch M1920 railway gun was the last large caliber railway gun to be deployed by the United States Army. It was an upgrade of the US Navy 14/50 caliber railway gun, after the close of World War I, the US Army wanted to incorporate the lessons learned from other railway gun mounts and fulfill coastal artillery requirements for hitting a moving target. An effort to design a universal mount for the Navys Mk. IV 14/50 caliber gun was undertaken, the primary difference from the earlier Navy versions lies in the M1920 carriage, which could be raised and lowered. Prepositioned fixed mounts were installed at the forts, and the rail trucks could be taken out from under the frame. After the removal of the trucks, the gun was lowered and bolted onto a pivot point for rapid 360 degree movement. The M1920 carriage made the gun much more flexible and it allowed for the standard practice of using a curved piece of rail to traverse the gun, and it enabled the gun to be used in a fixed position. Two guns were deployed to Fort MacArthur, the remaining two guns were deployed to Fort Grant and Fort Randolph in the Panama Canal Zone. The two guns deployed to the Panama Canal Zone could be moved to either coast on the Panama Canal Railway. M1917MI panoramic telescope M1922 panoramic telescope M1 generating unit M1 powder car M1 projectile car M2 fire control car M1918 repair car All four guns were cut up for scrap in 1946, american Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide, Second Edition
29.
15th Attack Squadron
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15th Reconnaissance Squadron flies MQ-1 Predator UAVs and is stationed at Creech Air Force Base in Indian Springs, Nevada. The 15th Reconnaissance Squadron is one of the first armed Remotely Piloted Aircraft squadrons, the squadron provides combatant commanders with persistent ISR, full-motion video, and precision weapons employment. The mission of the 15 RS is to provide theater commander with deployable, long endurance, near real-time reconnaissance, surveillance, the squadron operates medium altitude multi-sensor platforms to locate, identify and report battlefield conditions to warfighters. It also collects, exploits and distributes imagery and intelligence products to theater CINCs, the 15th Reconnaissance Squadrons origins go back to 8 May 1917, when it was stood up as the 2d Aviation School Squadron at Hazelhurst Field, Long Island, New York. The original mission of the squadron was part of the force for the New York City area, flying coastal patrols. At the end of World War I, the squadron was demobilized on 18 September 1919, the squadron was constituted in the Army Air Service as the 15th Squadron on 14 March 1921 at Chanute Field, Illinois, equipped with Dayton-Wright DH-4s. The main focus of the squadron was flying training, including gunnery, observation, reconnaissance, photography, radio familiarization, on 20 March 1938, the 15th Observation Squadron deployed from Scott Field, Illinois, to Eglin Field, Florida, for two weeks of gunnery training. Thirty-five officers and 108 enlisted men were involved, during the early stages of World War II, the 15th supported the Field Artillery School in Oklahoma. On March 26,1944, the deployed to England. Its first combat mission was photographic reconnaissance on an F-6, on June 6,1944, the 15th received credit for the first aerial victory by a tactical reconnaissance pilot as well as the first victory of D-Day. The unit continued armed reconnaissance operations in the European theater until July 1945, after returning to the United States, the squadron provided visual and photographic reconnaissance and artillery adjustments for Army, Navy and Air Forces until it was inactivated in April 1949. The 15th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, Photo-jet, was reactivated on Feb 5,1951, in Japan and immediately deployed to Korea to provide visual, the unit flew F/RF-80s and F/RF-85s during this period. In March 1954 the unit moved back to Japan and in August 1956, the unit transitioned to RF-84s from 1956-1958 and then to the RF-101s, continuing its long history of photographic reconnaissance. During the Vietnam era the 15th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron was based at Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, the unit had many deployments to Southeast Asia, flying reconnaissance missions in support of US combat operations in that theatre. During the summer and fall of 1966, the squadron transitioned to the RF-4C, during the 1970s and 1980s, the squadron maintained aerial surveillance capabilities in support of American ground, naval and air forces in the Far East. The 15th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron was inactivated Oct.1,1990, the unit was reactivated as the 15th Tactical Intelligence Squadron on Feb.20,1991. On April 13,1992, the unit was redesignated as the 15th Air Intelligence Squadron, on June 1,1994, it was once more inactivated. The unit was reactivated on 1 August 1997, at Indian Springs Air Force Auxiliary Field under command of the 57th Operations Group and it was assigned to fly the Predator UAV out of Indian Springs Air Force Auxiliary Field, Nevada
30.
16th Airborne Command and Control Squadron
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The 16th Airborne Command and Control Squadron is a unit of Air Combat Command of the United States Air Force, and flies the E-8C Joint STARS. Its parent unit is the 461st Air Control Wing, located at Robins Air Force Base, the 16 ACCS operates the E-8C Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System, an advanced ground surveillance and battle management system. J-STARS detects, locates, classifies, tracks and targets ground movements on the battlefield, the squadron was first activated as the 380th Fighter Squadron, part of IV Fighter Command in early 1943. It engaged in the air defense of the San Francisco area as well as acting as a Replacement Training Unit until the end of 1943 and it trained as a North American P-51 Mustang operational squadron before deploying to the European Theater of Operations. In Europe it became part of IX Fighter Command in England, operated both as a tactical fighter squadron, providing air support to Allied ground forces in France as well as an air defense squadron, attacking enemy aircraft in air-to-air combat over Europe. The squadron was converted to a reconnaissance squadron in August 1944. It engaged in reconnaissance flights over enemy-controlled territory unarmed, gathering intelligence for Allied commanders until the end of combat in Europe. The unit advanced eastward across France using advanced landing grounds, then into the Low Countries, the squadron remained in Germany as part of the occupation forces, returning to Langley Field, Virginia in June 1947. The unit remained assigned to Tactical Air Command as a reconnaissance squadron, the squadron was inactivated in 1949. In 1950 the squadron was activated again at Langley, now designated the 16th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron. It moved to Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina in 1958 where it re-equipped with McDonnell RF-101C Voodoo reconnaissance aircraft, the squadron deployed to south Florida in 1962 during the Cuban Missile Crisis, flying hazardous overflights over Cuba gathering intelligence photos. The unit upgraded to the McDonnell Douglas RF-4C Phantom II in 1965 and it also operated a flight of Martin EB-57E Canberra electronic warfare aircraft. It added Douglas EB-66 Destroyer jamming aircraft beginning in 1971 as part of the phaseout of the Destroyer at Shaw and it was the last USAF active duty B-57 squadron, retiring the aircraft in 1976 when F-4G Phantom IIs took over its mission. The 16th remained the single RF-4C squadron at Shaw after the 1982 realignment of its parent 363d from a reconnaissance to tactical fighter wing. The squadron was reactivated as the 16th Airborne Command and Control Squadron in 1996 at Robins Air Force Base, Maurer, Maurer, ed. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II. Washington, DC, Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force Unit Designations Since 1978. US Air Force Air Power Directory
