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Category:Treaties of Albania

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← People's Socialist Republic of Albania

Treaties concluded or ratified by Albania. Where appropriate, articles should be placed in the subcategories. This category may contain articles about treaties concluded or ratified by Albania since 22 March 1992, which was the date democratic elections were held to replace the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.

Subcategories

This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total.

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► Treaties of the Principality of Albania‎ (13 P)
► Treaties of the Albanian Republic‎ (2 P)
► Treaties of the Kingdom of Albania (1928–39)‎ (2 P)
► Treaties of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania‎ (43 P)

Pages in category "Treaties of Albania"

The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 268 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).

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2005 Warsaw Convention

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J

Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management

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Kyoto Protocol

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1. Albania – Albania, officially the Republic of Albania, is a country in Southeastern Europe. It has a population of 3.03 million as of 2016, Tirana is the nations capital and largest city, followed by Durrës and Vlorë. The country has a coastline on the shore of the Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea to the west. Albania is less than 72 km from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which connects the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea. In antiquity, the area of Albania was home to several Illyrian, Thracian. After the Illyrian Wars, it part of the Roman provinces of Dalmatia, Macedonia and Moesia Superior. In 1190, the first Albanian state, the Principality of Arbanon was established by archon Progon in the region of Krujë, the territory of Albania was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century, of which it remained part of for the next five centuries. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in Europe, following the Balkan Wars, the Kingdom of Albania was invaded by Italy in 1939, which formed Greater Albania, before becoming a Nazi German protectorate in 1943. The following year, a socialist Peoples Republic was established under the leadership of Enver Hoxha, Albania experienced widespread social and political transformations in the communist era, as well as isolation from much of the international community. In 1991, the Socialist Republic was dissolved and the Republic of Albania was established, Albania is a democratic and developing country with an upper-middle income economy. The service sector dominates the economy, followed by the industrial. After the fall of communism in Albania, Free-market reforms have opened the country to foreign investment, especially in the development of energy, Albania has a high HDI and provides universal health care system and free primary and secondary education to its citizens. Albania is a member of the United Nations, NATO, WTO, World Bank, the Council of Europe, the OSCE and it is also an official candidate for membership in the European Union. Albania is one of the members of the Energy Community, Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. It is home to the largest lake in Southern Europe and one of the oldest lakes in Europe, Albania is the Medieval Latin name of the country. The name may have a continuation in the name of a settlement called Albanon and Arbanon. During the Middle Ages, the Albanians called their country Arbëri or Arbëni, Albanians today call their country Shqipëri. As early as the 17th century the placename Shqipëria and the ethnic demonym Shqiptarë gradually replaced Arbëria, the two terms are popularly interpreted as Land of the Eagles and Children of the Eagles

2. People's Socialist Republic of Albania – Albania, officially the Peoples Socialist Republic of Albania, was a socialist state that ruled Albania from 1946 to its fall in 1992. From 1946 to 1976 it was known as the Peoples Republic of Albania, travel and visa restrictions made Albania one of the most difficult countries to visit or to travel from. In 1967, it declared itself the worlds first atheist state and it was the only Warsaw Pact member to formally withdraw from the alliance before 1990, an action occasioned by the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968. The Peoples Socialist Republic was officially dissolved on 28 November 1998 upon the adoption of the new Constitution of Albania, on 29 November 1944, Albania was liberated by the National Liberation Movement. The Anti-Fascist National Liberation Council, formed in May, became the provisional government. The government, like the LNC, was dominated by the two-year-old Communist Party of Albania, King Zog I was barred from ever returning to Albania, though the country nominally remained a monarchy. From the start, the LNC government was an undisguised Communist regime, in the other countries in what became the Soviet bloc, the Communists were at least nominally part of coalition governments for a few years before taking complete control. The internal affairs minister, Koçi Xoxe, an erstwhile pro-Yugoslavia tinsmith, presided over the trial of many non-communist politicians condemned as enemies of the people and those spared were imprisoned for years in work camps and jails and later settled on state farms built on reclaimed marshlands. In December 1945, Albanians elected a new Peoples Assembly, official ballot tallies showed that 92% of the electorate voted and that 93% of the voters chose the Democratic Front ticket. The assembly convened in January 1946 and its first act was to formally abolish the monarchy and to declare Albania a peoples republic. However, as mentioned above, the country had been a Communist state for just over two years, after months of angry debate, the assembly adopted a constitution that mirrored the Yugoslav and Soviet constitutions. Then in the spring, the members chose a new government. Hoxha became prime minister, foreign minister, defense minister, Xoxe remained both internal affairs minister and the partys organizational secretary. Hoxha remained in control despite the fact that he had once advocated restoring relations with Italy, the communists also undertook economic measures to expand their power. In December 1944, the government adopted laws allowing the state to regulate foreign and domestic trade, commercial enterprises. The laws sanctioned confiscation of property belonging to political exiles and enemies of the people, in August 1945, the provisional government adopted the first sweeping agricultural reforms in Albanias history. The countrys 100 largest landowners, who controlled close to a third of Albanias arable land, had frustrated all agricultural reform proposals before the war, the communists reforms were aimed at squeezing large landowners out of business, winning peasant support, and increasing farm output to avert famine. The government annulled outstanding agricultural debts, granted peasants access to water for irrigation

3. 2005 Warsaw Convention – This Convention is the first international treaty covering both the prevention and the control of money laundering and the financing of terrorism. The Convention also includes a mechanism to ensure the implementation by Parties of its provisions. The Convention was opened for signature in Warsaw on 16 May 2005 and it was last ratified by Turkey in May 2016, bringing the number of parties to 28. It has been signed but not ratified by another 11 states plus the European Union, money laundering involves a series of complicated financial operations which ultimately results in criminal money becoming clean and acceptable for legitimate business purposes. This laundered criminal money is recycled through normal businesses and thus may penetrate legitimate markets, misuse of the financial system is not limited to money laundering schemes designed to preserve and maximise proceeds from crimes which have been committed. The financial system is misused in similar ways to fund terrorist atrocities, after the September 11 attacks, the international community rapidly recognised the important similarities between the processes involved in money laundering and in the financing of terrorism. Traditionally, the financing of terrorism stemmed from illegal activities, e. g. bank robberies, weapons and drug trafficking, however, in recent years, a new phenomenon had grown, the carrying out of legitimate activities to finance terrorist actions. In this case, the phenomenon is the opposite of money laundering, the above considerations led to the Council of Europe’s decision to update the 1990 Strasbourg Convention. CETS198 has left the structure of the 1990 Convention untouched. At the time of its elaboration, the Select Committee of Experts which drafted the 1990 Convention was not in a position to draw upon a settled and developed body of domestic law, international cooperation in this sphere was relatively unknown. In the period of ten years which had elapsed since the text of the 1990 Convention was adopted. The remits of these two bodies had also been extended to cover assessment of the effectiveness of measures taken in jurisdictions to counter terrorist financing. Further debate on issue had been stimulated by developments in other fora. The European Union Council Directive of June 1991 on prevention of the use of the system for the purpose of money laundering was also substantially amended in December 2001. Given differences of view among member States, an enquiry was conducted on the subject in 2000. It emerged from this enquiry that a majority of States were in support of an early opening of negotiations on a protocol. These terms of reference were revised in March 2004 and read as follows, the CDPC approved this Convention on 11 March 2005 and transmitted it to the Committee of Ministers for adoption. The Committee of Ministers adopted this Convention on 3 May 2005, at the time of drafting, there was no single dedicated international treaty covering both the prevention and the control of money laundering and the financing of terrorism

4. ACCOBAMS – ACCOBAMS was concluded in the auspices of Convention on Migratory Species in 1996 and entered into force in 2001. The Meeting of the Parties is the body of the Agreement. Ordinary sessions of the Meeting of the Parties occur at intervals of not more than three years, unless the Meeting of the Parties decides otherwise, the ACCOBAMS Permanent Secretariat performs the functions listed in Article IV of the Agreement. The Permanent Secretariat is hosted by the Principality of Monaco, the Bureau normally meets once per annum and provides a report on its activities for each session of the Meeting of the Parties. The Scientific Committee of ACCOBAMS, composed of persons qualified as experts in conservation science, is an advisory body to the Meeting of the Parties. Its role and tasks are defined in the Article VII of the Agreement, the Scientific Committee usually meets every year. The meetings of the Committee provide an opportunity for the gathering of a large number of cetacean conservation experts from the Agreement area. As of 2013,23 countries—out of 28 Range States—are Parties to ACCOBAMS, the five non-Parties are Bosnia-Herzegovina, Israel, the Russian Federation, Turkey, and the United Kingdom. The List of Parties with a date of accession is presented below, the year when the partnership started is shown in the brackets

5. ADR (treaty) – ADR is a 1957 United Nations treaty that governs transnational transport of hazardous materials. ADR is derived from the French name for the treaty, Accord européen relatif au transport international des marchandises Dangereuses par Route), concluded in Geneva on 30 September 1957 under the aegis of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, it entered into force on 29 January 1968. The agreement was modified in New York City on 21 August 1975, a new amended ADR2011 entered into force on 1 January 2011. Annexes A and B have been amended and updated since the entry into force of ADR. Consequently, to the amendments for entry into force on 1 January 2015, as of 2016,49 states are party to ADR. The agreement itself is brief and simple, and its most important article is article 2 and it is not usually possible to deduce the hazard class of a substance from its UN number, they have to be looked up in a table. An exception to this are Class 1 substances whose UN number will always begin with a 0

6. Tachograph – A tachograph is a device fitted to a vehicle that automatically records its speed and distance, together with the drivers activity selected from a choice of modes. The drive mode is activated automatically when the vehicle is in motion, the rest and availability modes can be manually selected by the driver whilst stationary. A tachograph system comprises a sender unit mounted to the gearbox, the tachograph head. Tachograph heads are of either analogue or digital types, all relevant vehicles manufactured in the EU since 1 May 2006 must be fitted with digital tachograph heads. Digital driver cards store data in a format that can also be read out as a. ddd file. These files - both those read from memory with a download device, and those read from the driver cards - can be imported into tachograph analysis/archival software. They are also used in the world, for example through the Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine. The tachograph was originally introduced for the railroads so that companies could better document irregularities, the inventor was Max Maria von Weber, a civil servant, engineer and author. The Daniel Tachometer is known in railways since 1844, the Hasler Event recorder was introduced in the 1920s. For reasons of safety, many jurisdictions have limits on the working hours of drivers of certain vehicles, such as buses. A tachograph can be used to monitor this and ensure that appropriate breaks are taken, the Verkehrs-Sicherungs-Gesetz of 19 December 1952, made tachographs mandatory in Germany for all commercial vehicles weighing over 7.5 tonnes. Since 23 March and 23 December 1953, all new vehicles and buses must be equipped with the device per law Straßenverkehrs-Zulassungs-Ordnung § 57a. Tachographs are mandatory for vehicles allowed to carry a weight of over 3.5 tonnes and vehicles built to carry at least 9 passengers. They are used to review the driving and rest time of drivers during reviews by traffic standards organizations or accident investigation, a driver must carry the tachograph records with him for all days of the current week and the last day of the previous week that he drove. Companies must keep the records for 1 year, in Germany, §16 of the work time regulations lengthens this time to 2 years if the records will be used as proof of work time. EEC regulation 3821/85 from 20 December 1985 made tachographs mandatory throughout the EEC as of 29 September 1986, a European arrangement in regard to the work of driving personnel engaged in international traffic became effective on 31 July 1985. Regulation 561/2006/EC of the European Union adopted on 11 April 2007 specified the driving and these time periods can be checked by the employers, police and other authorities with the help of the tachograph. Most tachographs produced prior to 1 May 2006 were of the analogue type, later analogue tachograph head models are of a modular design, enabling the head to fit into a standard DIN slot in the vehicle dashboard

Albania [videos]

Albania ((listen) a(w)l-BAY-nee-ə; Albanian: Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Gheg Albanian: Shqipni/Shqipnia or …

In the 4th century BC, Scodra has been declared the royal capital of the Illyrian tribe of the Ardiaean Kingdom.

The Greek colony of Apollonia was an important port city on the Illyrian coast along the Adriatic Sea and one of the western points of the Via Egnatia route, that connected Rome and Constantinople.

Krujë was the royal seat of the Principality of Arbanon, the first Albanian state in the middle ages.

The League of Prizren building in Prizren from inside the courtyard.

People's Socialist Republic of Albania [videos]

Albania ((listen), a(w)l-BAY-nee-ə; Albanian: Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Gheg Albanian: Shqipni/Shqipnia, Shqypni/Shqypnia), …

Partisans entering Tirana on 29 November 1944

Enver Hoxha in 1971.

Mao Zedong and Hoxha in 1956

Albanian poster in 1978: Marxism-Leninism: Victorious flag

Tachograph [videos]

A tachograph is a device fitted to a vehicle that automatically records its speed and distance, together with the …

The Tachograph Chart

Analogue Tachograph

Digital Tachograph

German Driver Card, front side (2007)

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World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations - Two types of EU markings: top - according to UN regulations, bottom - according to EC directives

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Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds [videos]

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United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods [videos]

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Arms Trade Treaty [videos]

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Berne Convention [videos]

The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, usually known as the Berne Convention, is an …

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Convention on Biological Diversity [videos]

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COP13 Mexico meeting

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Chemical Weapons Convention [videos]

The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an arms control treaty that outlaws the production, stockpiling, and use of …

Headquarters in The Hague

Participation in the Chemical Weapons Convention

CITES [videos]

CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the …

Image: CITES 40th annverisary logo

Image: CITES

Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty [videos]

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Reagan and Gorbachev, December 1987

Participation in the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

Convention on Cluster Munitions [videos]

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Ban Advocates from Afghanistan and Ethiopia demonstrating during the May 2008 Dublin conference

Signatories to the Convention (blue) and States Parties (purple)

Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation [videos]

The Convention on International Civil Aviation, also known as the Chicago Convention, established the International …

Signature of the Chicago Convention

Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation [videos]

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United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification [videos]

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Global desertification vulnerability

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Central European Free Trade Agreement [videos]

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2005 Warsaw Convention [videos]

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Participation in the Warsaw Convention

Abolition of Forced Labour Convention [videos]

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ACCOBAMS [videos]

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ACCOBAMS Logo

Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court [videos]

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Dark green: States parties to the Agreement Light green: States that have ratified but for which the Agreement is not yet in force Orange: Signatories that have not ratified

Barcelona Convention [videos]

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Map showing the parties to the Convention

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights [videos]

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First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights [videos]

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Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - Signatories to the Second Optional Protocol to the ICCPR: parties in dark green, signatories in light green, non-members in grey

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Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution [videos]

The Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, often abbreviated as Air Pollution or CLRTAP, is intended to …

Map showing Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution signatories (green) and ratifications (dark green) as of July 2007

Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals [videos]

The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals -- more commonly abbreviated to just the …

Logo of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

ADR (treaty) [videos]

ADR (formally, the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR)) is a 1957 …

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Image: ADR 2.1

Image: ADR 2.2

Image: ADR 2.3

Cape Town Treaty [videos]

The Cape Town Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment, or Cape Town Treaty is an international treaty …

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Albania–NATO relations [videos]

The accession of Albania to NATO took place in 2009. Albania's relationship with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization …

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Basel Convention [videos]

The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, usually known as …

The logo of the Basel Convention Secretariat

Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats [videos]

The Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, also known as the Bern Convention …

States that have ratified the Bern Convention

Biological Weapons Convention [videos]

The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and …

Participation in the Biological Weapons Convention

Convention on the Rights of the Child [videos]

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (commonly abbreviated as the CRC or UNCRC) is a human rights …

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Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters [videos]

The Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters is a convention developed by the OECD and the Council …

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Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence [videos]

The Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul …

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United Nations Convention against Corruption [videos]

The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) is a multilateral treaty negotiated by member states of the …

Signatories (orange) and Ratifications (green) of the treaty.

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights [videos]

The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) is a multilateral treaty adopted by the …

Parties and signatories to the ICESCR: