1.
Single (music)
–
In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
2.
Fall Out Boy
–
Fall Out Boy is an American rock band formed in Wilmette, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago, in 2001. The band consists of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Patrick Stump, bassist Pete Wentz, lead guitarist Joe Trohman, the band originated from Chicagos hardcore punk scene, with which all members were involved at one point. The group was formed by Wentz and Trohman as a pop side project of the members respective hardcore bands. The group went through a succession of drummers before landing Hurley and recording the debut album. The album became a success and helped the band gain a dedicated fanbase through heavy touring. Take This to Your Grave has commonly cited as an influential blueprint for pop punk music in the 2000s. Fall Out Boy received a Best New Artist nomination at the 2006 Grammy Awards, the bands 2007 follow-up, Infinity on High, landed at number one on the Billboard 200 with 260,000 first week sales. It produced two hit singles, This Aint a Scene, Its an Arms Race and Thnks fr th Mmrs. Folie à Deux, the fourth album, created a mixed response from fans. Following the release of Believers Never Die – Greatest Hits, the took a hiatus from 2009 to 2012 to decompress. The band regrouped and recorded Save Rock and Roll, which gave the band its second number one. 1, making it the bands third No.1 album, Fall Out Boy was formed in 2001 in the Chicago suburb of Wilmette, Illinois by friends Pete Wentz and Joe Trohman. Wentz was growing dissatisfied with the mores of the community. With enthusiasm in Arma Angelus waning, he created a pop side project with Trohman as an easy. Trohman met Patrick Stump, then a drummer for grindcore band Xgrinding processX, while discussing Neurosis with a friend, Stump interrupted the conversation to correct their classification of the band in a conversation that soon shifted to the new band. Stump, viewing it as an opportunity to try out with local hardcore celebrity Wentz, directed Trohman to his MP3. com page, which contained sung-through acoustic recordings. Stump intended to try out as a drummer, but Trohman urged him to bring out his acoustic guitar, while Wentz wanted Racetraitor bandmate Andy Hurley in the group as drummer, Hurley appeared uninterested and too busy. The bands first public performance came in a cafeteria at DePaul University alongside Stilwell, Wentz and Stump argued over band names, the former favored verbose, tongue-in-cheek names while the latter desired to reference Tom Waits in name
3.
Pop music
–
Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
4.
Island Records
–
Island Records is a major record label that operates as a division of UMG Recordings, Inc. It was founded by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959, Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989. Three Island labels exist in the world, Island UK, Island US, and Island Australia, current key people of Island Records include Island president Darcus Beese, OBE and MD Jon Turner. Partially due to the labels significant legacy, Island remains one of UMGs pre-eminent record labels, Island Records was founded in Jamaica on 4 July 1959 by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong, and partially financed by Stanley Borden from RKO. Its name was inspired by the Harry Belafonte song Island in the Sun. Blackwell explained in 2009, “I loved music so much, I just wanted to get into it, or be as close to it as I could. ”Tom Hayes, the labels sales manager between 1965 and 1967, referred to the early period of the label in the UK as “organized chaos”. “My Boy Lollipop”, sung by Millie Small, was the labels first success in the UK, Blackwell explained in a 50-year-anniversary documentary that he was only interested in building long-term careers at that stage in time, rather than short-term projects. Suzette Newman has been a colleague of Chris Blackwells since working together in the early days of Island Records. Suzette Newman and Chris Salewicz were the editors for the book “The Story of Island Records, Blackwell relocated to England in May 1962 to garner greater levels of attention after the local Jamaican sound systems proved to be overwhelmingly successful. The vast majority of the artists who had signed to Blackwells fledgling label while he was in Jamaica agreed to allow the entrepreneur to release their music in the UK. While in England, Blackwell travelled throughout the city carrying his stock with him and he did not provide any copies to radio stations, as they would not play any of the Island music, the music was also not reviewed by the press. Meanwhile, Goodall left to start the Doctor Bird record label in 1965, Blackwell signed the Spencer Davis Group to the label. The group became popular and Island started their own independent series to spotlight UK rock talent. They signed artists like John Martyn, Fairport Convention, Free, by the late 1960s and early 1970s, they were a major label in England with artists like Roxy Music, King Crimson, Traffic, The Wailers, and many others. Blackwell had signed Bob Marley, and now Toots and the Maytals, in November 2016, Jackie Jackson described the formation of the group in a radio interview for Kool 97 FM Jamaica. Accompanied by Paul Douglas and Radcliffe Dougie Bryan in studio, Jackson explained, Were all original members of Toots, first it was Toots and the Maytals, three guys, Toots, Raleigh, and Jerry. …And then they were signed to Island Records, Chris Blackwell, and we were their recording band. One day we were summoned to Chris house, and he says, Alright gentleman, I think its time
5.
DCD2 Records
–
DCD2 Records, formerly known as Decaydance Records, is an independent record label owned by Pete Wentz of Fall Out Boy and partners, based in New York City. It was founded as an imprint of Fueled By Ramen, the first band Wentz signed to the label was Panic. at the Disco. In 2014, the label relaunched as DCD2 Records, keeping the acts that were signed to Decaydance before the relaunch. New Politics and Lolo were the first acts signed under the new name, charley Marley Fall Out Boy Gym Class Heroes MAX New Politics Panic. at the Disco Travie McCoy The Academy Is
6.
Songwriter
–
A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
7.
Pete Wentz
–
Peter Lewis Kingston Pete Wentz III is an American musician. He is best known for being the bassist, primary lyricist, before Fall Out Boys inception in 2001, Wentz was a fixture of the Chicago hardcore scene and was notably the lead vocalist and lyricist for Arma Angelus. During Fall Out Boys temporary hiatus in 2009–12, Wentz formed the experimental, electropop and he owns a record label, DCD2 Records, which has signed bands including Panic. at the Disco and Gym Class Heroes. Fall Out Boy returned in February 2013, Wentz has also ventured into other non-musical projects, including writing, acting, and fashion, in 2005 he founded a clothing company called Clandestine Industries. He also hosts the TV show Best Ink and runs a production company called Bartskull Films. His philanthropic activities include collaborations with Invisible Children, Inc. and UNICEFs Tap Project, people magazine states that no bassist has upstaged a frontman as well as Pete Wentz of Fall Out Boy. Wentz was born Peter Lewis Kingston Wentz III, in Wilmette, Illinois and he is the son of Dale, a high school admissions counselor, and Pete Wentz II, an attorney. He is of English and German descent on his fathers side and he has a younger sister, Hillary, and a younger brother, Andrew. His black maternal grandfather, Arthur Winston Lewis, served as the U. S. Ambassador to Sierra Leone, Wentz parents met while campaigning for former Vice President Joe Biden in the 1970s. Wentz recalled in a Rolling Stone interview that his earliest musical memory was listening to The Foundations song Build Me Up Buttercup in the back of his fathers car, Wentz attended New Trier High School and North Shore Country Day School, where he was an all-state soccer player. He considered pursuing a career in the sport, but decided that music was a more fulfilling choice. But it didnt feel like an adventure, Music was more of a challenge and, in the end, felt more interesting. During his first year of school, he began skipping school regularly and smoking marijuana with friends. He later quit his job at Subway to go play bass guitar full-time with Fall Out Boy in 2003, Wentz was primarily involved in the Chicago hardcore punk scene and was in several bands in the late 1990s. These included First Born, Birthright, Extinction, Arma Angelus, Yellow Road Priest and he and Arma Angelus bassist Joe Trohman founded the pop-punk band Fall Out Boy after Trohman introduced Pete to a musical acquaintance, Patrick Stump. Andy Hurley agreed to drum part-time, but only joined the band full-time later, in 2002, Arma Angelus, the band in which Wentz was the vocalist, played its last show. In 2002, Fall Out Boy released an EP called Fall Out Boy/Project Rocket Split EP, soon after, in 2003, the band released their mini-LP Fall Out Boys Evening Out with Your Girlfriend on Uprising Records. This album would later be digitally remastered and reissued after the third, successful full-album release From Under the Cork Tree
8.
Patrick Stump
–
Patrick Martin Stumph, known professionally as Patrick Vaughn Stump, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, actor, and music critic. He is the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, pianist and composer for the rock band Fall Out Boy, originally from Wilmette and his solo work has been described as funky and R&B infused, while Billboard noted him as one of the best voices in pop punk. Stump has collaborated with artists and has produced albums for artists including Cobra Starship. After Fall Out Boys hiatus in late 2009, Stump released his solo album, Soul Punk. It was preceded by the six-song EP titled Truant Wave on February 22,2011 and he toured in the US and Europe in support. He returned to Fall Out Boy in 2013 with the album Save Rock and Roll, in January 2015, the sixth album American Beauty/American Psycho was released. Stump was born in Evanston, Illinois to David, a singer, and Patricia Stumph. He is the youngest of three children and he grew up in Glenview, Illinois and attended Glenbrook South High School. His parents divorced when he was eight years old and he grew up with a passion for music, later stating, I was always playing music. It was always kind of present and he originally played the drums in various local Chicago power violence and hardcore punk bands, including Public Display Of Affection, Xgrinding processX, Patterson, and, for two shows, Arma Angelus. His musical idols growing up included Michael Jackson, Elvis Costello, Tom Waits, Fall Out Boys founding guitarist Joe Trohman met Stump over a mutual musical interest, and introduced Stump to bassist Pete Wentz. After originally auditioning as the drummer, Stump became the singer and later guitarist for the band. Trohman and Stump switch between lead and rhythm guitar in recording sessions and at shows, although Stump views himself as more of a rhythm guitarist because of his drumming background. He is the lead vocalist, guitarist, and primary composer for the band, in the same year Stump decided to professionally drop the h in his surname to reduce mispronunciations. The EP gave the band a Billboard 200 charting at No.153 and this was followed by their third studio album, From Under the Cork Tree in 2005, which was the bands mainstream breakthrough. It has since been certified platinum by the RIAA, with a sales total of more than 2.5 million. It debuted and peaked at No.9 on the Billboard 200, the chart-topping lead single Sugar, Were Goin Down reached No.8 on the Hot 100 and received heavy airplay rotation at Pop and Alternative radio. The albums second single, Dance, Dance, also enjoyed success, peaking at No.9 on the Hot 100
9.
Joe Trohman
–
Joseph Mark Joe Trohman is an American musician, composer, and record producer. He is best known as the lead guitarist and backing vocalist of the American rock band Fall Out Boy, as well as the lead and rhythm guitarist for heavy metal supergroup The Damned Things. Fall Out Boy began as Trohman and Pete Wentzs side project from the punk scene they were involved with. With Damned Things on hiatus, Trohman and Josh Newton formed With Knives and it was released through Son Of Man, the label he co-owns with Newton. With Knives played a few dates in the US before becoming quiet, on February 4,2013, Fall Out Boy announced a comeback with a new album, tour and single. The son of a cardiologist, Trohman was born in Hollywood and he was raised in South Russell, Ohio before his family moved to the Chicago area. His family is Jewish, although he noted to JVibe, I think we were more Jewish culturally than we were religiously because after my brothers bar mitzvah, we stopped going to synagogue entirely. Trohman and Fall Out Boy bassist Pete Wentz attended New Trier High School in Winnetka, Illinois, Trohman became involved with the Chicago hardcore punk scene, with his first band being Voices Still Heard he formed with friends. At the age of fifteen he taught himself how to play guitar and he developed a friendship with the groups singer, Pete Wentz, and the pair discussed forming a more melodic band influenced by groups such as Green Day. Trohman then met Patrick Stump in a Borders bookstore, and recruited him to join the band, released in 2005 by Island Records, the album debuted on the US Billboard 200 at No. 9, won awards and achieved triple platinum status after selling more than 3.5 million albums in the United States. To support the album, the band headlined tours around the world in 2005 and 2006, in 2007, the band released the follow-up album Infinity on High, to major chart success, debuting No.1 on the Billboard 200 with first week sales of 260,000. The album was certified platinum one month after its release, Infinity on Highs lead single, This Aint a Scene, Its an Arms Race, reached No.1 on the defunct-Pop 100 and No.2 on the Billboard Hot 100. The second single, Thnks fr th Mmrs, sold more than 2 million copies in the US. In 2008, the released their fifth studio album, Folie à Deux which debuted at No.8 on the Billboard 200 with 150,000 first week sales and was later certified gold. Patrick Stump embarked on a career and Pete Wentz created the DJ duo Black Cards. They released their album in 2010, Ironiclast. Trohman then began work on a new band With Knives with Newton, releasing a debut EP, in February 2013, Fall Out Boy reformed and became Trohmans primary music focus
10.
Andy Hurley
–
Andrew Hurley is an American musician. He is the drummer for the rock band Fall Out Boy, prior to Fall Out Boy, Hurley played in several hardcore punk bands. He joined Fall Out Boy as the drummer in 2003 and was in the bands lineup until its hiatus in 2009. Hurley moved on to hardcore punk band Enabler which released a debut album, Fall Out Boy regrouped and announced a new album and tour on February 4,2013. The bands fifth album, Save Rock and Roll, was released April 16,2013. The bands sixth studio album American Beauty/American Psycho was released on January 16,2015, Hurley was born in Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin. He was brought up by his mother, who worked as a nurse, Hurley attended Menomonee Falls High School and played percussion in bands, though his first instrument was the saxophone. After high school, he attended University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, double-majoring in anthropology and he identifies himself as an anarcho-primitivist, explaining that this means he believes that humans are supposed to live the way they lived prior to 10,000 years ago. When asked about this in the February 2007 issue of Alternative Press, he said that his career contradicted his beliefs, Hurley is straight edge and has been vegan since he was 16. Bands such as Metallica and Slayer inspired him to play the drums, Hurley currently owns a house in Portland, Oregon and was featured in an episode of MTV Cribs, when he lived in his Milwaukee home. He loves comic books and still owns his first drum set from C&C Custom Drums, Hurley played in heavy metal and hardcore punk bands including Racetraitor, Killtheslavemaster, Project Rocket, xFor Death or Gloryx, The Kill Pill, and Arma Angelus. Hurley had been friends with bassist Pete Wentz since he was 16, Fall Out Boy is the fourth band Hurley has been in with Wentz. With Fall Out Boy, Hurley has achieved commercial success. Hurley has a label, Fuck City, which has released music by Misery Signals, Peregrine. He has also played in the Milwaukee hardcore band Enabler and it released a full album entitled All Hail The Void in Summer 2012. Hurley is also part of rock bands. In late 2012, Hurley began playing drums in Milwaukee-based straight edge hardcore band and it was rumored that the return of Fall Out Boy would end his time with the band, but Hurley confirmed on Twitter on March 12 that I am in it for life. Fall Out Boy announced the end of their hiatus on February 4,2013, Hurley drummed on their album Save Rock and Roll and toured worldwide, including during the Monumentour
11.
Sia (musician)
–
Sia Kate Isobelle Furler, referred to mononymously as Sia, is an Australian singer, songwriter, record producer and music video director. She started her career as a singer in the local Adelaide acid jazz band Crisp in the mid-1990s, in 1997, when Crisp disbanded, she released her debut studio album titled OnlySee in Australia. She then moved to London, England, and provided vocals for the British duo Zero 7. In 2000, Sia signed to Sony Musics sub-label Dance Pool and released her studio album, Healing Is Difficult. Displeased with the promotion of the record, she signed to Go, Beat and released her third studio album, Colour the Small One, in 2004. The project struggled to connect with an audience, and so Sia relocated to New York City in 2005. She released her fourth and fifth releases, Some People Have Real Problems and We Are Born, in 2008 and 2010. She then took a hiatus from performing, during which she focused on songwriting for other artists and her catalogue includes the successful collaborations Titanium, Diamonds and Wild Ones. In 2016, she released her studio album This Is Acting. The same year, Sia gave her Nostalgic for the Present Tour, Sia has received an array of accolades, including ARIA Awards and an MTV Video Music Award. Sia Kate Isobelle Furler was born on 18 December 1975 in Adelaide and her father, Phil Colson, is a musician, and her mother, Loene Furler, is an art lecturer. Sia is the niece of actor-singer Kevin Colson and musician Colin Hay, Sia said that as a child she imitated the performing style of Aretha Franklin, Stevie Wonder and Sting, who she counted as her early influences. In the mid-1990s, Sia started a career as a singer in the acid jazz band Crisp. Sia collaborated with the band and contributed vocals to their two EPs, Word and the Deal and Delirium, in 1997 Crisp disbanded, and Sia released her debut studio album entitled OnlySee on Flavoured Records in Australia. After Crisp disbanded in 1997, Sia moved to London, where she performed as a background vocalist for British band Jamiroquai and she also provided lead vocals for English downtempo group Zero 7 on their first three studio albums and toured with the group. On Zero 7s 2001 album Simple Things, Sia contributed vocals to two tracks, Destiny and Distractions, the single Destiny peaked at No.30 on the UK Singles Chart. In 2004, she provided vocals for Zero 7 on Somersault, in 2006, Sia again collaborated with Zero 7 for the groups third album, The Garden and hence she is regarded as the unofficial lead singer of Zero 7. In 2000, Sia signed a contract with Sony Musics sub-label Dance Pool and released her first single, Taken for Granted
12.
Record producer
–
A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
13.
YouTube
–
YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California. The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005, Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion, YouTube now operates as one of Googles subsidiaries. Unregistered users can watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos. Videos deemed potentially offensive are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old, YouTube earns advertising revenue from Google AdSense, a program which targets ads according to site content and audience. YouTube was founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim, Hurley had studied design at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Karim could not easily find video clips of either event online, Hurley and Chen said that the original idea for YouTube was a video version of an online dating service, and had been influenced by the website Hot or Not. YouTube began as a venture capital-funded technology startup, primarily from an $11.5 million investment by Sequoia Capital between November 2005 and April 2006, YouTubes early headquarters were situated above a pizzeria and Japanese restaurant in San Mateo, California. The domain name www. youtube. com was activated on February 14,2005, the first YouTube video, titled Me at the zoo, shows co-founder Jawed Karim at the San Diego Zoo. The video was uploaded on April 23,2005, and can still be viewed on the site, YouTube offered the public a beta test of the site in May 2005. The first video to reach one million views was a Nike advertisement featuring Ronaldinho in November 2005. Following a $3.5 million investment from Sequoia Capital in November, the site grew rapidly, and in July 2006 the company announced that more than 65,000 new videos were being uploaded every day, and that the site was receiving 100 million video views per day. The site has 800 million unique users a month and it is estimated that in 2007 YouTube consumed as much bandwidth as the entire Internet in 2000. The choice of the name www. youtube. com led to problems for a similarly named website, the sites owner, Universal Tube & Rollform Equipment, filed a lawsuit against YouTube in November 2006 after being regularly overloaded by people looking for YouTube. Universal Tube has since changed the name of its website to www. utubeonline. com, in October 2006, Google Inc. announced that it had acquired YouTube for $1.65 billion in Google stock, and the deal was finalized on November 13,2006. In March 2010, YouTube began free streaming of certain content, according to YouTube, this was the first worldwide free online broadcast of a major sporting event. On March 31,2010, the YouTube website launched a new design, with the aim of simplifying the interface, Google product manager Shiva Rajaraman commented, We really felt like we needed to step back and remove the clutter. In May 2010, YouTube videos were watched more than two times per day. This increased to three billion in May 2011, and four billion in January 2012, in February 2017, one billion hours of YouTube was watched every day
14.
Rock music
–
It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
15.
Late Night with Seth Meyers
–
Late Night with Seth Meyers is an American late-night talk show hosted by Seth Meyers on NBC. The show premiered on February 24,2014 and is produced by Broadway Video and it is the fourth incarnation of NBCs long-running Late Night franchise. The show also stars bandleader Fred Armisen and the 8-G Band, Late Night is produced by former Saturday Night Live producer Mike Shoemaker and executive-produced by Lorne Michaels. The show records from Studio 8G at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, the program airs Monday through Thursday nights at 12,37 a. m. The show opens with Meyers topical monologue, which he delivers from his desk, the program also contains comedy bits, sketches, interviews with a myriad of guests, and occasionally a musical or comedy performance. A Closer Look is a segment, where Meyers discusses, in-depth, contemporary current events. The show attracts an average of 1.5 million viewers nightly, on January 13,2016, NBC renewed Meyers contract to remain as host through 2021. The series is the incarnation of the Late Night franchise. Meyers was appointed host when Jimmy Fallon was announced to become the next host of The Tonight Show, Meyers first guests were fellow SNL alum and Weekend Update co-anchor Amy Poehler, Vice President Joe Biden, and musical act A Great Big World. The shows house band, The 8G Band, features members of the indie bands Les Savy Fav and Girls Against Boys, every episode features a coffee mug on Meyers desk from a different NBC affiliate. On September 2,2014, the show premiered a redesigned set, Late Night with Seth Meyers originates from NBC Studio 8-G in the Comcast Building at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City. The studio is housed directly above Studio 6B, the home of The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, the combination created logistical challenges for executives, who were concerned about sound bleed. As a result, The Tonight Show tapes at 5, 00pm, the studio seats nearly 180 individuals, and is housed directly beside Studio 8H, longtime home of Saturday Night Live. Architectural Digest writes that the strikes a Art Deco tone. Seths Late Night has a band, called The 8G Band. He also performs as backing & co-lead vocals, rhythm guitars, bass,8, 30am The staff work on the episodes first act, which usually focuses on politics or other current events. A first draft is written by one of the writers, such as Sal Gentile,11, 00am The staff has a sketch meeting in which it plans non-political and longer lead-in segments, such as the popular recurring sketches Extreme Dog Shaming or Ya Burnt. The staff use this opportunity to make relevant notes on the sketches,12, 00pm Meyers and producer Mike Shoemaker meet with the shows department heads for a production meeting in which graphics, costuming and pre-taping schedules for the episodes segments are discussed
16.
RM (rapper)
–
Kim Nam-joon, better known as Rap Monster, is a South Korean rapper, songwriter, and record producer. He is the leader and main rapper of the South Korean boy group BTS, in 2015, he released his first solo mixtape, RM. Rap Monster is notable for his input in songwriting and production in BTSs discography. He has over 60 songs accredited to his name by the Korea Music Copyright Association, Rap Monster was born on September 12,1994, in Ilsan, South Korea and has one younger sister. Before his debut with BTS, he was a rapper under the stage name Runch Randa. He released a number of tracks and once collaborated with fellow underground rapper Zico. He is part of the underground Korean hip hop crew called Daenamhyup, consisting of the members Marvel J, l11ven, Supreme Boi, Iron, Kyum2, Kidoh, Samsoon, Illipse and DJ Snatch. The group had been active from 2009 until 2013, although Rap Monster has not participated in recent years to concentrate on BTS, the activities seem to have stopped with some members participating in a new crew. Rap Monster has many academic achievements. He achieved an 850 on the TOEIC when he was in junior high and he was part of the top 1. 3% of the nation in the preparatory university entrance exams for language, math, foreign language and social studies, and has an IQ of 148. Alongside his native language Korean, he is fluent in English. He watched the popular American sitcom Friends multiple times to him learn English. Rap Monster was recruited as BTSs first member back in 2010 during a Big Hit talent audition, Rap Monster trained for years with two other underground rappers, Jung Ho Seok and Min Yoon Gi. On June 13,2013, Rap Monster made his debut as a member of BTS on Mnets M. Countdown with the track No More Dream from their single album 2 Cool 4 Skool. He has produced and written lyrics for a variety of tracks on all of BTSs albums, Rap Monster has collaborated with many respected Korean and American artists. On March 4,2015, he released a single with Warren G entitled, P. D. D alongside its music video, on December 31,2014, BTS performed an intro performance on MBC Gayo Daejejeon, which featured Krizz Kalikos song Spaz. Krizz Kaliko and Rap Monster later produced the song, Rush, along with EE and Dino J, Rap Monster collaborated with hip hop project group MFBTY for the song, Bucku Bucku. He was featured in Bucku Buckus music video, and also had a cameo in MFBTYs other music video for their song, Bang Diggy Bang Bang
17.
Vevo
–
Vevo hosts music videos from both Universal Music Group and Sony Music Entertainment syndicated on YouTube and its website, with Google and Vevo sharing advertising and similar benefits. EMI also licensed its library of videos for Vevo shortly before its launch, originally, Warner Music Group was reported to be considering hosting its content on the service after it launched, but formed an alliance with rival MTV Networks. The concept for Vevo was described as being a service for music videos. The sites other revenue sources include a store and referral links to purchase viewed songs on Amazon Music. UMG acquired the domain name vevo. com on November 20,2008, SME reached a deal to add its content to the site in June 2009. The site went live on December 8,2009, and that month became the number one most visited music site in the United States. In June 2012, Vevo launched its Certified awards, which honors artists with at least 100 million views on Vevo, on March 12,2013, Vevo launched Vevo TV, an advertising-supported internet television channel running 24 hours a day, featuring blocks of music videos and specials. The channel is available to viewers in North America and Germany. Vevo has planned launches in other countries, after revamping its website, Vevo TV later branched off into three separate networks, Hits, Flow, and Nashville. Vevo shut down the service during the first half of 2016 as part of a site wide redesign, during the run of the service, its schedule and programming was heavily repetitive. Many videos would play twice within an hour and a majority of the videos shown were current, programming shows such as the Top10Now and Vevo Lift would air several times per day. Since the service has been shut down, its apps that havent been updated just play the Top10Now in an infinite loop. Vevo is available in Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Nepal, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The website was scheduled to go worldwide in 2010, but as of January 1,2017, Vevos official blog cited licensing issues for the delay in the worldwide rollout. Most of Vevos videos on YouTube are viewable by users in other countries, the Vevo service in the United Kingdom and Ireland was launched on April 26,2011. On April 16,2012, Vevo was launched in Australia, on August 14,2012, Brazil became the first Latin American country to have the service. It was expected to be launched in six more European and Latin American countries in 2012, Vevo launched in Spain, Italy, and France on November 15,2012. Vevo launched in the Netherlands on April 3,2013, and on May 17,2013, in September 29,2013, Vevo updated its iOS application that now includes launching in Germany
18.
Virtual reality headset
–
A virtual reality headset provides virtual reality for the wearer. VR headsets are used with computer games but they are also used in other applications. They comprise a stereoscopic head-mounted display, stereo sound, and head motion tracking sensors, some VR headsets also have eye tracking sensors and gaming controllers. An early VR headset, the Forte VFX1, was announced at CES in 1994, the VFX-1 has stereoscopic displays, 3-axis head-tracking, and stereo headphones. These VR headsets gave MechWarrior 2 players a new perspective of seeing the battlefield from inside the cockpit of their craft. However, these early headsets failed commercially due to their technology and were described by John Carmack as like looking through toilet paper tubes. In 2012, a campaign began for a VR headset known as Oculus Rift. In March 2014, the parent company Oculus VR was acquired by Facebook for US$2 billion. The final consumer-oriented release of Oculus Rift began shipping on 28 March 2016, in March 2014, Sony demonstrated a prototype headset for PlayStation 4, which was later named PlayStation VR. The Vive was released in April 2016 and PlayStation VR in October 2016, virtual reality headsets and viewers have also been designed for smartphones. Unlike headsets with integrated displays, these units are essentially enclosures which a smartphone can be inserted into, VR content is viewed from the screen of the device itself through lenses acting as a stereoscope, rather than using dedicated internal displays. Samsung Electronics parterned with Oculus VR to co-develop the Samsung Gear VR, virtual reality headsets have significantly higher requirements for latency—the time it takes from a change in input to have a visual effect—than ordinary video games. If the system is too sluggish to react to movement, then it can cause the user to experience virtual reality sickness. According to a Valve engineer, the ideal latency would be 7-15 milliseconds, a major component of this latency is the refresh rate of the display, which has driven the adoption of displays with a refresh rate from 90 Hz to 120 Hz. The graphics processing unit also needs to be powerful to render frames more frequently. Oculus cited the limited processing power of Xbox One and PlayStation 4 as the reason why they are targeting the PC gaming market with their first devices and this is called asynchronous reprojection or asynchronous time warp in Oculus jargon. PlayStation VR synthesizes in-between frames in such manner, so games that render at 60 fps natively result in 120 updates per second, steamVR will also use interleaved reprojection for games that cannot keep up with its 90 Hz refresh rate, dropping down to 45 fps. The simplest technique is applying only projective transformation to the images for each eye, the downsides are that this approach cannot take into account the translation of the head
19.
Jaden Smith
–
Jaden Christopher Syre Smith is an American actor and rapper. He is the son of Jada Pinkett Smith and Will Smith, Jaden Smiths first movie role was with his father in the 2006 film The Pursuit of Happyness. He also acted in the 2008 remake of The Day the Earth Stood Still and he was also in the 2013 film After Earth with his father. Smith was born July 8,1998 in Malibu, California and he has an older half-brother, Trey Smith, and a younger sister, Willow Smith. Smith and his siblings are youth ambassadors for Project Zambi, which assistance in conjunction with Hasbro for Zambian children orphaned by AIDS. Smith made his role debut in the 2006 film The Pursuit of Happyness as Christopher. For his role, Smith won the award for Breakthrough Performance at the 2007 MTV Movie Awards, Smith next appeared as Jacob in the 2008 Scott Derrickson science fiction film, The Day the Earth Stood Still, a remake of the 1951 classic of the same name. In 2010, along with Jackie Chan, Smith starred in The Karate Kid, in May 2013, Will Smith and Jaden starred together, playing father and son, in After Earth. In 2014, it was announced that Smith will return for the sequel Karate Kid 2 with Jackie Chan, the movie will be directed by Breck Eisner, produced by James Lassiter and Will Smith and written by Zak Penn. Smith rapped alongside Canadian singer Justin Bieber in the song Never Say Never, on October 1,2012, Jaden released his first mixtape, The Cool Cafe. Smith started his own brand called MSFTSrep. The clothes range from hoodies and T-shirts to trousers and vests, in May 2013 Smith collaborated with a Korean designer, Choi Bum Suk, to create a pop-up store in which customers can buy clothes with their collaborated logos. In April 2014, Smith was cast in the film The Good Lord Bird, Smith plays Henry Shackleford, a young slave living in Kansas Territory in 1857 who encounters abolitionist John Brown. Smith was in a relationship with Stella Hudgens, the sister of actress and singer Vanessa Hudgens. Smiths father, Will, revealed that his son sought a ruling, with the consent of his parents. From the time Jaden was five or six we would sit him down, however, Smith and his father appeared together on The Ellen DeGeneres Show on May 15,2013, and Smith said, The thing that people dont get is everything at his house is free. So I can get anything and everything at his house, so Im going to be there for 20,30 more years and he says that as soon as I have a movie thats bigger than one of his movies I can get my own house. A November 2013 media report indicated that Smith was dating reality television personality, Jenner wrote in social media in July 2013, Although we cant remember exactly when we met, I couldnt be more grateful that we did
20.
Twitter
–
Twitter is an online news and social networking service where users post and interact with messages, tweets, restricted to 140 characters. Registered users can post tweets, but those who are unregistered can only read them, users access Twitter through its website interface, SMS or a mobile device app. Twitter Inc. is based in San Francisco, California, United States, Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams and launched in July. The service rapidly gained worldwide popularity, in 2012, more than 100 million users posted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has described as the SMS of the Internet. As of 2016, Twitter had more than 319 million monthly active users. On the day of the 2016 U. S. presidential election, Twitter proved to be the largest source of breaking news, Twitters origins lie in a daylong brainstorming session held by board members of the podcasting company Odeo. Jack Dorsey, then a student at New York University. The original project name for the service was twttr, an idea that Williams later ascribed to Noah Glass, inspired by Flickr. The developers initially considered 10958 as a code, but later changed it to 40404 for ease of use. Work on the project started on March 21,2006, when Dorsey published the first Twitter message at 9,50 PM Pacific Standard Time, Dorsey has explained the origin of the Twitter title. we came across the word twitter, and it was just perfect. The definition was a short burst of inconsequential information, and chirps from birds, and thats exactly what the product was. The first Twitter prototype, developed by Dorsey and contractor Florian Weber, was used as a service for Odeo employees. Williams fired Glass, who was silent about his part in Twitters startup until 2011, Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007. Williams provided insight into the ambiguity that defined this early period in a 2013 interview, With Twitter and they called it a social network, they called it microblogging, but it was hard to define, because it didnt replace anything. There was this path of discovery with something like that, where over time you figure out what it is, Twitter actually changed from what we thought it was in the beginning, which we described as status updates and a social utility. It is that, in part, but the insight we eventually came to was Twitter was really more of an information network than it is a social network, the tipping point for Twitters popularity was the 2007 South by Southwest Interactive conference. During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000, the Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in the conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages, remarked Newsweeks Steven Levy
21.
Josh Brener
–
Josh Brener is an American actor. He plays Dale in The Big Bang Theory and Big Head in Silicon Valley, Brener was born in Houston, Texas, the son of Sharon and Daniel Brener. He was raised in a Jewish household, Brener attended Harvard University, from which he graduated in 2007. Brener was the president of the Hasty Pudding Theatricals, josh Brener at the Internet Movie Database
22.
The Bachelor (U.S. TV series)
–
The Bachelor is an American reality television dating game show that debuted on March 25,2002, on ABC. The show is hosted by Chris Harrison, the shows success has resulted in several spin-offs including The Bachelorette, Bachelor Pad, Bachelor in Paradise, and Bachelor in Paradise, After Paradise. It is created and produced by Mike Fleiss and directed by Ken Fuchs, the After The Final Rose and other reunion specials are produced at Victory Studios in Glendale, CA. As the show is designed, the series revolves around a single bachelor who starts with a pool of interests from whom the bachelor is expected to select a wife. During the course of the season, the bachelor eliminates candidates, the participants travel to romantic and exotic locations for their adventures, and the conflicts in the series, both internal and external, stem from the elimination-style format of the show. The above description is a general guideline, in practice, the show does not always follow its designed structure, and those variations are often a source of drama and conflict. A candidate who was eliminated returns to the show to plead her case to the bachelor, a bachelor distributes more roses or fewer roses than planned. A bachelor eliminates a woman outside of the elimination process. For example, the bachelor may eliminate both women in a two-on-one date, the bachelor chooses to pursue a relationship with his final selection rather than propose marriage. For the first two weeks of filming the contestants stay in Villa De La Vina, a 7, 590-square-foot, six-bedroom, nine-bath home in Agoura Hills, the custom home, built in 2005, is located on 10 acres at 2351 Kanan Road. As of October 10,2008, the home was listed for sale at a price of US$8.75 million, the final third of the episodes within a season are filmed traveling the world. Episodes have been filmed throughout the United States, Canada, England, New Zealand, Vietnam, Thailand, on each Bachelor episode, the bachelor interacts with the women and presents a rose to each woman he wishes to remain on the show. Those who do not receive a rose are eliminated, eliminations are based upon the bachelors personal feelings about each contestant, guided primarily by the impression made by each woman during dates or other events of the week. Most roses are presented at a ceremony at the end of each episode. Typical activities include A group date, in which the bachelor, sometimes the activity takes the form of a competition, the winner or winners spending more time with the bachelor. The bachelor typically presents a rose to the woman who makes the best impression during the group date, a one-on-one date, in which the bachelor and one woman go on a date. Except in the stages of the season, there is a rose at stake, At the end of the date. If the woman does not receive a rose, she is eliminated immediately, a two-on-one date, in which the bachelor and two women go on a date
23.
Instagram
–
In August 2015, version 7.5 was released for mobile devices, allowing users to upload media captured in any aspect ratio, but not at full size. Users can also apply various digital filters to their images, the service rapidly gained popularity, with over 100 million active users as of April 2012 and over 300 million as of December 2014. Support for the app is available for iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch, Windows 10 devices and Android handsets, while third-party Instagram apps are available for BlackBerry 10, the service was acquired by Facebook in April 2012 for approximately US$1 billion in cash and stock. In 2013, Instagram grew by 23%, while Facebook, as the parent company, Instagram began development in San Francisco, when Systrom and Brazilian Krieger chose to focus their multi-featured HTML5 check-in project, Burbn, on mobile photography. As Krieger reasoned, Burbn became too similar to Foursquare, and for that, Burbn pivoted to become more focused. The word Instagram is a portmanteau of instant camera and telegram, on March 5,2010, Systrom closed a $500,000 seed funding round with Baseline Ventures and Andreessen Horowitz while working on Burbn. Josh Riedel then joined the company as Community Manager, shayne Sweeney joined in November 2010 as an engineer and Jessica Zollman was hired as a Community Evangelist in August 2011. In January 2011, Instagram added hashtags to help users discover both photographs and each other, Instagram encourages users to make tags both specific and relevant, rather than tagging generic words like photo, to make photographs stand out and to attract like-minded Instagram users. In September, version 2.0 went live in the App Store and included new and live filters, instant tilt–shift, high resolution photographs, optional borders, one-click rotation, the deal valued Instagram at around $25 million. On April 3,2012, Instagram was released for Android phones running the 2.2 Froyo version of the OS and that same week, Instagram raised $50 million from venture capitalists for a share of the company, the process valued Instagram at $500 million. Facebook made an offer to purchase Instagram, along with its 13 employees, for approximately $1 billion in cash and stock in April 2012, with a plan to keep the company independently managed. Britains Office of Fair Trading approved the deal on August 14,2012, and on August 22,2012, on September 6,2012, the deal between Instagram and Facebook was officially closed. On April 12,2012, Facebook acquired Instagram for approximately $1 billion in cash, the deal, which was made just prior to Facebooks scheduled IPO, cost about a quarter of Facebooks cash-on-hand, according to figures documented at the end of 2011. Mark Zuckerberg noted that Facebook was committed to building and growing Instagram independently, according to multiple reports, the deal netted Systrom $400 million based on his ownership stake in the business. The exact purchase price was $300 million in cash and 23 million shares of stock, on December 17,2012, Instagram updated its Terms of Service, granting itself the right—starting on January 16, 2013—to sell users photos to third parties without notification or compensation. In January 2013, it was confirmed that Instagram had asked for identification as a form of verification due to unspecified violations. In September 2013, Instagram reaffirmed its commitment to free and open access to its app for users. On October 3,2013, Instagram announced that it would be adding advertising to its platform
24.
The NeverEnding Story (film)
–
At the time of its release, it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union. The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series, ende called the film a gigantic melodrama of kitsch, commerce, plush and plastic. The film only adapts the first half of the book, the second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film, The Next Chapter. The third film, Escape from Fantasia, features an original plot. Bastian Balthazar Bux is a shy and friendless bibliophile 10-year-old, teased by bullies from school, on his way to school, he hides from the bullies in a bookstore, interrupting the grumpy bookseller, Mr. Coreander. Bastian asks about one of the books he sees, but Mr. Coreander advises against it and his curiosity piqued, Bastian seizes the book, leaving a note promising to return it, and hides in the schools attic to read. The book describes the world of Fantasia slowly being devoured by a force called The Nothing. Fantasias ruler, the Childlike Empress, has fallen ill, and Atreyu is tasked to discover the cure, believing that once the Empress is well, Atreyu is given a medallion named the AURYN that can guide and protect him in the quest. As Atreyu sets out, the Nothing summons Gmork, a vicious and highly intelligent wolf-like creature, atreyus quest directs him to the advisor Morla the Ancient One in the Swamps of Sadness. Though the AURYN protects Atreyu, his beloved horse Artax is lost to the swamp, later, Atreyu is surprised by the sudden appearance of Morla, a giant turtle. Bastian, reading, is surprised and lets out a scream. Morla does not have the answers Atreyu seeks, but directs him to the Southern Oracle, Atreyu succumbs to exhaustion trying to escape the Swamps but is saved by the luckdragon Falkor. Falkor takes him to the home of two gnomes that live near the entrance to the Southern Oracle, the gnomes explain that Atreyu will face various trials before reaching the Oracle. Atreyu proceeds to enter the Oracle, and is perplexed when one second trial, Bastian throws the book aside, but after catching his breath, continues to read. Atreyu eventually meets the Southern Oracle who tells him the way to save the Empress is to find a human child to give her a new name. Atreyu and Falkor flee before the Nothing consumes the Southern Oracle, in flight, Atreyu is knocked from Falkors back into the Sea of Possibilities, losing the AURYN in the process. He wakes on the shore of the ruins, where he meets Rock Biter. Atreyu finds a series of paintings depicting his quest, Gmork reveals himself, having been lying in wait and explains that Fantasia represents humanitys imagination, and that the Nothing represents adult apathy and cynicism against it
25.
BTS (band)
–
BTS, also known as Bangtan Boys, is a seven-member South Korean boy band formed by Big Hit Entertainment. Their name in Korean, Bangtan Sonyeondan, and Japanese, Bōdan Shōnendan, a year after their debut, they received major bonsang awards for their subsequent albums Dark & Wild and The Most Beautiful Moment in Life, Part 1. The Most Beautiful Moment In Life, Part 2 also charted at number one on the Billboard World Albums Chart and remained there for multiple weeks, making BTS the first K-pop act to achieve that feat. The Most Beautiful Moment in Life, Young Forever went on to win the coveted Album of the Year award at the 2016 Melon Music Awards and this win marked BTSs first daesang, or grand prize, since their debut. The group continued to surpass themselves with the release of their full album, Wings. The albums title track, Blood Sweat & Tears, became the groups first domestic number one hit on the Gaon Digital Chart, Wings went on to sell more than 1.5 million copies, making it BTSs first million seller. To date, BTSs discography has sold an estimated 4 million albums worldwide, known for their large social media presence, BTS were listed by Forbes as the most retweeted artist on Twitter in March 2016. Following that, Twitter launched its first ever K-pop Twitter emoji featuring BTS, in October 2016, Billboard placed BTS as #1 on their Social 50 chart, making them the first Korean group to top the chart. Just a year later, BTS went on to win the 2016 Mnet Asian Music Award for Artist of the Year, in 2017, BTS ranked #5 on Forbes Korea Power Celebrity list, a list ranking Koreas most powerful and influential celebrities. BTSs first members were recruited through Big Hits Hit it auditions in 2010 and 2011, the original lineup went through several changes before the final group of members was established in 2012. Before debuting in 2013, Rap Monster was already performing as a rapper and had released several tracks informally. Jin had been an arts student at Konkuk University before being streetcast for auditions. J-Hope, who was part of a dance team named NEURON, was active in the underground dancing scene, participating in various battles. Before joining Big Hit, Jimin entered Busan High School of Arts as the top student in modern dance, but later transferred to Korea Arts High School with V, who auditioned in Daegu. Jungkook was cast by seven agencies after leaving auditions for Superstar K, the first album of BTSs school trilogy series and their debut single album,2 Cool 4 Skool, was released on June 13,2013 with the lead single No More Dream. Their debut album won them several New Artist of the Year awards, including those at the 2013 MelOn Music Awards and Golden Disk Awards, on September 11, BTS released their first mini-album, O. RUL8,2. They also starred in their own variety show, SBS-MTVs Rookie King Channel Bangtan, the premise of the show was based on a fake broadcast station, Channel Bangtan, through which the members parodied variety shows such as VJ Special Forces and MasterChef Korea. Rookie King Channel Bangtan premiered its eight-episode run on September 3,2013, the third part of the school trilogy, their second mini-album Skool Luv Affair, was released on February 12,2014
26.
Spike Stent
–
Stent grew up in Hampshire, England and first gained experience as an engineer at Jacob Studios as a teenager before a two-year stint at Trident Studios. After Trident, Stent worked out of Olympic Studios in Barnes, Olympic Studios was built as part of a joint venture between himself and EMI. While at Olympic, Stent worked with such as Massive Attack, Bjork, Madonna, U2, Keane. Stent currently works out of two studios, Mix Suite LA in EastWest Studios and Mix Suite UK
27.
Billboard (magazine)
–
Billboard is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries. It publishes pieces involving news, video, opinion, reviews, events and it is also known for its music charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200, tracking the most popular singles and albums in different genres. It also hosts events, owns a publishing firm, and operates several TV shows, Billboard was founded in 1894 by William Donaldson and James Hennegan as a trade publication for bill posters. Donaldson later acquired Hennegens interest in 1900 for $500, in the 1900s, it covered the entertainment industry, such as circuses, fairs and burlesque shows. It also created a service for travelling entertainers. Billboard began focusing more on the industry as the jukebox, phonograph. Many topics it covered were spun-off into different magazines, including Amusement Business in 1961 to cover outdoor entertainment so that it could focus on music. After Donaldson died in 1925, Billboard was passed down to his children and Hennegans children, until it was sold to investors in 1985. The first issue of Billboard was published in Cincinnati, Ohio, on November 1,1894 by William Donaldson, initially, it covered the advertising and bill posting industry and was called Billboard Advertising. At the time, billboards, posters and paper advertisements placed in public spaces were the means of advertising. Donaldson handled editorial and advertising, while Hennegan, who owned Hennegan Printing Co. managed magazine production, the first issues were just eight pages long. The paper had columns like The Bill Room Gossip and The Indefatigable, a department for agricultural fairs was established in 1896. The title was changed to The Billboard in 1897, after a brief departure over editorial differences, Donaldson purchased Hennegans interest in the business in 1900 for $500, to save it from bankruptcy. That May, Donaldson changed it from a monthly to a paper with a greater emphasis on breaking news. He improved editorial quality and opened new offices in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London and he also re-focused the magazine on outdoor entertainment like fairs, carnivals, circuses, vaudeville and burlesque shows. A section devoted to circuses was introduced in 1900, followed by more prominent coverage of events in 1901. Billboard also covered topics including regulation, a lack of professionalism, economics and it had a stage gossip column covering the private lives of entertainers, a tent show section covering traveling shows and a sub-section called Freaks to order. According to The Seattle Times, Donaldson also published articles attacking censorship, praising productions exhibiting good taste
28.
Billboard
–
A billboard is a large outdoor advertising structure, typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertisements to passing pedestrians and drivers, typically showing large, ostensibly witty slogans, and distinctive visuals, billboards are highly visible in the top designated market areas. The largest standard-size billboards, known as Bulletins, are located primarily on highways, expressways or principal arterials. Bulletins afford greatest visibility due not only to their size, but because they allow creative customizing through extensions, posters are the other common form of billboard advertising, located mostly along primary and secondary arterial roads. Posters are a smaller format than bulletins and are viewed principally by residents and commuter traffic, billboard advertisements are designed to catch a persons attention and create a memorable impression very quickly, leaving the reader thinking about the advertisement after they have driven past it. They have to be readable in a short time because they are usually read while being passed at high speeds. Thus there are only a few words, in large print. Some billboard designs spill outside the space given to them by the billboard. The sign depicted a giant cube of beef being pierced by a fork that extended to the ground. The scents were emitted between 7–10 a. m. and 4– to 7 pm from 28 May 2010 through 18 June 2010, almost all these billboards were painted in large studios. The image was projected on the series of panels that made up the billboard. Line drawings were done, then traced with a wheel that created perforated lines. The patterns were then pounced onto the board with a chalk filled pounce bag, using oil paints, artists would use large brushes to paint the image. Once the panels were installed using hydraulic cranes, artists would go up on the installed billboard and these large, painted billboards were especially popular in Los Angeles where historic firms such as Foster & Kleiser and Pacific Outdoor Advertising dominated the industry. Eventually, these painted billboards gave way to graphic reproduction, the Sunset Strip in Los Angeles is one area where hand-painted billboards can still be found, usually to advertise upcoming films or albums. A digital billboard is a billboard that is created from computer programs, digital billboards can be designed to display running text, display several different displays from the same company, and even provide several companies a certain time slot during the day. The constantly changing texts ensure maximum impact and wide exposure to target audiences, in May 2014, Becks Beer released a billboard poster that plays audio. Conductive ink linked to sensors and speakers means that when touched, the beer company claim it to be the worlds first playable music poster
29.
Take This to Your Grave
–
Take This to Your Grave is the debut studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was released on May 6,2003, by Fueled by Ramen, the album was produced by Sean OKeefe. OKeefe had helped with the demo, and the group returned to Smart Studios in Madison. Living on a floor for part of the time and running out of money halfway through. While Stump had previously written all prior lyrics and took them lightly, Wentz took the process with a considerable seriousness, the exhausting process led to numerous revisions of single songs and several arguments. The album cover, which all four bandmates sitting on a broken futon. The album created gradual interest in the band as they toured across the country, the album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America, with sales of 634,000 copies, as of August 2008. The record produced three singles, including the minor success Grand Theft Autumn/Where Is Your Boy, Fall Out Boy was formed in 2001 in the Chicago suburb of Wilmette, Illinois by friends Pete Wentz and Joe Trohman. Wentz was growing dissatisfied with the mores of the community. With enthusiasm in Arma Angelus waning, he created a pop side project with Trohman as an easy. Trohman met Patrick Stump, then a drummer for grindcore band xgrinding processx, the bands first public performance came in a cafeteria at DePaul University alongside Stilwell and another group that performed Black Sabbath in its entirety. Uprising Records owner Sean Muttaqi got word of the demo and wanted to release half of it as a extended play with Hurleys band Project Rocket. Uprising desired to release an album with the band, which to that point had only written three songs. With the help of Logan, the group attempted to put together a collection of songs in two days, and recorded them as Fall Out Boys Evening Out with Your Girlfriend, the rushed recording experience and underdeveloped songs left the band discontent. When the band set off to Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin to record their three songs of a possible split 7-inch with 504 Plan, engineer Sean OKeefe suggested they record the trio with Hurley. Hurley was also recording an EP with his new group the Kill Pill in Chicago the same day and it was still a fill-in thing but when Andy sat in, it just felt different. It was one of those moments, recalled Wentz. The band booked a tour with Spitalfield, and the band invited drummer Andy Hurley to fill-in for recently departed members
30.
From Under the Cork Tree
–
From Under the Cork Tree is the second studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was released on May 3,2005, through Island Records as the major label debut. Commenting on the lyrical themes, Wentz said the lyrics were about the anxiety. In support of their release the group headlined tours worldwide and played at music festivals. For their Black Clouds and Underdogs tour the album was re-released as From Under the Cork Tree, featuring new songs, the album was Fall Out Boys breakthrough mainstream success. Spearheaded by the lead single Sugar, Were Goin Down, the album debuted at No and it logged fourteen weeks in the top twenty out of its seventy-eight chart weeks. The album as well as its singles won several awards and achieved Double Platinum status and it has sold over 2.5 million albums in the United States as of 2007, and over 3 million worldwide. As of February 2013 Cork Tree has 2.7 million US sales. In 2005 the album was ranked eighteenth on the Top 100 best-selling albums of the year in the US with 1,654,320 sales, internationally it impacted in the UK and Canada. Fall Out Boy formed near Chicago, Illinois in 2001, the band debuted with a self-released demo in the same year, and in 2002 released a split EP with Project Rocket through Uprising Records. A first mini-album, Fall Out Boys Evening Out with Your Girlfriend was recorded in 2002, both releases helped Fall Out Boy gain notoriety on the internet and attention from record labels. The band signed with indie label Fueled by Ramen and received an advance from major label Island Records, Grave became an underground success and helped the band gain a dedicated fanbase. Fall Out Boy returned to the studio in November 2004 to begin work on a new album, however, the group suffered a setback in February 2005 after Wentzs anxieties about creating a new record culminated in a suicide attempt. I was either totally anxious or totally depressed and it is particularly overwhelming when you are on the cusp of doing something very big and thinking that it will be a big flop. After undergoing therapy, Wentz rejoined the band and headed to Burbank, from Under the Cork Tree was recorded in Burbank, California, and served as the first time the band had stayed in California for an extended period of time. The group lived in corporate housing during the making of the album, in contrast to Take This to Your Graves rushed recording schedule, Fall Out Boy took a much more gradual pace while working on From Under the Cork Tree. It was the first Fall Out Boy record in which Stump created all the music and Wentz wrote all the lyrics, Stump felt that this process was much more smooth as every member was able to focus on their individual strengths. He explained, We havent had any of those moments when I play the music and hell say, I dont like that, despite this, the band had great difficulty creating its desired sound for the album, constantly scrapping new material
31.
Infinity on High
–
Pre-production began in the groups hometown of Chicago, where writing and rehearsal sessions took place. It was recorded from July to October 2006 at the Pass Studios in Los Angeles, California, the music was composed by lead singer and guitarist Patrick Stump and the lyrics were penned by bassist Pete Wentz. The group also utilized such as horns, violins and pianos. As reported by Billboard, Fall Out Boy drifts further from its pop roots to write increasingly accessible pop tunes. Critics felt that the served as a response to the bands rise to fame. The group embarked on tours to promote the album, including the Friends or Enemies Tour, the Honda Civic Tour. In the wake of the leak on the internet, the band included a download code for Leaked in London. Infinity on High debuted at one on the U. S. Billboard 200, selling 260,000 copies in its first week, making it Fall Out Boys first number one album. It also reached number one in New Zealand and opened inside the top five worldwide in countries including Canada, Infinity on High has sold over two million units worldwide, with 1.4 million sales in the US as of February 2013. Five of the fourteen songs were released as singles, of which three charted on the Billboard Hot 100, led by the single This Aint a Scene. The album was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America on March 12, one month after its release and it received generally positive reviews from music critics, with many praising Stumps vocals and the albums new musical direction. The band began writing songs for the new album while touring, vocalist Patrick Stump stated that he wished to begin working on the record earlier, but the groups management urged the members to take time off to recuperate from their constant touring schedule. The bands label, Island Records, underwent changes while the group prepared to record, bassist/lyricist Pete Wentz asserted that Were definitely writing all the time, so were not going to try to squeeze every last drop out of the stone. Thats part of whats wrong with the rock industry, they keep fans waiting far too long. Thats not the way its going to be for Fall Out Boy, Wentz also purchased a house in Los Angeles, where he spent much time writing lyrics to new songs. While writing the album, Fall Out Boy began searching for potential producers, the band sought out R&B singer/producer Babyface, as they admired his work on the soundtrack to the 2001 film version of Josie and the Pussycats. Babyface saw one of the interviews in which the band discussed its desire to work with him, Babyface produced two of the songs, Im Like a Lawyer with the Way Im Always Trying to Get You Off and Thnks fr th Mmrs. Neal Avron, who produced the bands previous album, handled production for eleven of Infinity on Highs fourteen tracks
32.
Save Rock and Roll
–
Save Rock and Roll is the fifth studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was produced by Butch Walker and released April 12,2013, on October 15, the album was re-released with PAX AM Days, an extended play the band recorded shortly after Save Rock and Rolls release. Following multiple touring stints, the members of Fall Out Boy decided to take a break at the end of 2009, during the hiatus, each member of the group pursued individual musical interests. The band felt it necessary to decompress and refrained from referring to the hiatus as a breakup, after several reformation attempts the album was recorded in secrecy at Rubyred Recordings in Santa Monica, California, beginning in the fall of 2012. The album sessions were marked by a desire to reinvent the sound in a more modern form. The band brought in producer Butch Walker for a fresh approach, in the bands new form, each member of the quartet was involved in crafting the compositions, although sessions were initially difficult as the band members struggled to reconnect. Save Rock and Roll features guest vocals from Foxes, Big Sean, Courtney Love, the band filmed music videos for every song on the album, which were eventually compiled and released as The Young Blood Chronicles in 2014. Save Rock and Roll debuted at one on the U. S. Billboard 200 with 154,000 first week sales. Its top 20 lead single, My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark, has achieved triple-platinum certification in the U. S. and charted worldwide. In 2014, Fall Out Boy and Paramore headlined Monumentour, a US arena concert tour before releasing the first single from the next album. In 2009, following two tours and the release of a greatest hits compilation Believers Never Die – Greatest Hits. The bands decision stemmed from disillusionment with the industry and the constant promotion of fourth record Folie à Deux. Some of us were miserable onstage, said guitarist Joe Trohman, Stump realized the band was desperate to take a break, he sat the group down and explained that a hiatus was in order if the band wanted to continue in the future. All involved felt the dynamic of the group had changed as personalities developed, rumors and misquotes led to confusion as to what such a break truly meant, Wentz preferred to not refer to the break as a hiatus, instead explaining that the band was just decompressing. Fall Out Boy played its last show at Madison Square Garden on October 4,2009. Near the end, Blink-182s Mark Hoppus shaved Wentzs head in a move Rolling Stone would later describe as a cleansing of the past. By the time the break began, Stump was the heaviest he had ever been, drummer Andy Hurley went through the darkest depression ever felt. I looked at my calendar and it was just empty, Wentz, who had been abusing Xanax and Klonopin, was divorced by his wife Ashlee Simpson and returned to therapy
33.
American Beauty/American Psycho
–
The band wrote music while on tour with Paramore mid-2014 and it developed into a new album. The albums release was preceded by the 4× Platinum top 10 lead single Centuries, the albums title track was released as the second single in the UK on December 15,2014, receiving a radio premiere a month before on November 24,2014. On March 1,2016, the album was certified platinum in the US for 1 million units. In support of the record, Fall Out Boy played at Soundwave in Australia, made TV appearances, and have embarked two concert tours, the American Beauty/American Psycho Tour and the Wintour. On October 30, an album entitled Make America Psycho Again was released with a different rapper on each song. Recording began soon after, with the track Centuries being the first songs to be written, by late November, all the songs were written and the album was 80% complete but still needed finishing. Producer Jake Sinclair made the band realise that parts recorded as demos on laptops are able to make it to the final product, since the release of Centuries, the band stated that the album could be released as early as early 2015. Regarding its sound, bassist Pete Wentz described the new material as David versus Goliath, as Wentz stated, tweeted “ problem with modern rock is it ” something, should not be relegated to a quaint little corner of Guitar Center for dads to find. Reaching out to SebastiAn we wanted to something that was a throwback instead futuristic. According to Patrick Stump, All I can say is, some people love it. The four of us like it a lot, so were happy, the band felt influences from playing with different artists and expanded on boundaries further than Save Rock and Roll did. Stumps goal was to make a more cohesive album than Save Rock and Roll. He wanted an album that understood what it was the whole time, meanwhile, Wentz was focused on making rock music relevant to pop culture that could also be played in big venues, maintaining their legacy as a big currently relevant rock band. Wentz said, Rock ’n’ roll is this idea, room to be dangerous. To think its this idea that has to be set in stone is just, like, making it not only not dangerous and its not what it is to me. To fence yourself into this area and chain yourself to the doghouse has never been what I thought rock music was. Guitarist Joe Trohman said of the album, Musically, it has hip-hop grooves with guitars on it, with more in your face guitar than Save Rock and it all matters to me because records still matter to me. The song American Beauty/American Psycho samples Motley Crües song Too Fast for Love, annie Zaleski of Alternative Press described it as a mix of fluid grooves, punky riffs and outré pop sensibilities
34.
Project Rocket / Fall Out Boy
–
Project Rocket/Fall Out Boy is a split EP by American rock bands Project Rocket and Fall Out Boy, released by Uprising Records in 2002. It was the first official release for both bands, the split EP has sold over 25,000 copies in the United States as of August 2008, according to Billboard. Jared Logan played the drums for Fall Out Boy in the recording, andy Hurley, the drummer for Project Rocket at the time, later agreed to drum part-time for Fall Out Boy before eventually joining full-time, after some lineup changes were made. The tracks were reversed in the 2005 re-release of the album, Project Rockets tracks came first, followed by those of Fall Out Boy. Also, the track Growing Up is listed as Growing on top of the disc, Fall Out Boy would later re-record their three songs from the EP for their following mini-LP Fall Out Boys Evening Out with Your Girlfriend. Project Rocket also re-recorded You Charlatan for their album New Years Revolution, tracks 1–3 were written and arranged by Project Rocket, tracks 4–6 were written and arranged by Fall Out Boy
