Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea and weight loss. Other complications outside the gastrointestinal tract may include anemia, skin rashes, inflammation of the eye, tiredness; the skin rashes may be due to infections as well as pyoderma erythema nodosum. Bowel obstruction may occur as a complication of chronic inflammation, those with the disease are at greater risk of bowel cancer. While the causes of Crohn's disease are unknown, it is believed to be due to a combination of environmental and bacterial factors in genetically susceptible individuals, it results in a chronic inflammatory disorder, in which the body's immune system attacks the gastrointestinal tract targeting microbial antigens. While Crohn's is an immune-related disease, it does not appear to be an autoimmune disease; the exact underlying immune problem is not clear. About half of the overall risk is related to genetics with more than 70 genes having been found to be involved.
Tobacco smokers are twice as to develop Crohn's disease as nonsmokers. It often begins after gastroenteritis. Diagnosis is based on a number of findings including biopsy and appearance of the bowel wall, medical imaging and description of the disease. Other conditions that can present include irritable bowel syndrome and Behçet's disease. There are surgical procedures that can cure Crohn's disease. Treatment options are intended to help with symptoms, maintain remission, prevent relapse. In those newly diagnosed, a corticosteroid may be used for a brief period of time to improve symptoms alongside another medication such as either methotrexate or a thiopurine used to prevent recurrence. Stopping smoking is recommended in people with Crohn's disease. One in five people with the disease is admitted to hospital each year, half of those with the disease will require surgery for the disease at some point over a ten-year period. While surgery should be used as little as possible, it is necessary to address some abscesses, certain bowel obstructions, cancers.
Checking for bowel cancer via colonoscopy is recommended every few years, starting eight years after the disease has begun. Crohn's disease affects about 3.2 per 1,000 people in North America. It is less common in Africa, it has been more common in the developed world. Rates have, been increasing in the developing world, since the 1970s. Inflammatory bowel disease resulted in 47,400 deaths in 2015 and those with Crohn's disease have a reduced life expectancy, it tends to start in the twenties, although it can occur at any age. Males and females are affected; the disease was named after gastroenterologist Burrill Bernard Crohn, who in 1932, together with two other colleagues at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, described a series of patients with inflammation of the terminal ileum of the small intestine, the area most affected by the illness. Many people with Crohn's disease have symptoms for years before the diagnosis; the usual onset can occur at any age. Because of the'patchy' nature of the gastrointestinal disease and the depth of tissue involvement, initial symptoms can be more subtle than those of ulcerative colitis.
People with Crohn's disease experience chronic recurring periods of flare-ups and remission. Abdominal pain is a common initial symptom of Crohn's disease in lower right abdomen, it is accompanied by diarrhea, which may or may not be bloody. Inflammation in different areas of the intestinal tract can affect the quality of the feces. Ileitis results in large-volume, watery feces, while colitis may result in a smaller volume of feces of higher frequency. Fecal consistency may range from solid to watery. In severe cases, an individual may have more than 20 bowel movements per day and may need to awaken at night to defecate. Visible bleeding in the feces is less common in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis, but is not unusual. Bloody bowel movements are intermittent, may be bright or dark red in color. In severe Crohn's colitis, bleeding may be copious. Flatulence and bloating may add to the intestinal discomfort. Symptoms caused by intestinal stenosis are common in Crohn's disease. Abdominal pain is most severe in areas of the bowel with stenoses.
Persistent vomiting and nausea may indicate stenosis from small bowel obstruction or disease involving the stomach, pylorus, or duodenum. Although the association is greater in the context of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease may be associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis, a type of inflammation of the bile ducts. Perianal discomfort may be prominent in Crohn's disease. Itchiness or pain around the anus may be suggestive of inflammation, fistulization or abscess around the anal area or anal fissure. Perianal skin tags are common in Crohn's disease and may appear with or without the presence of colorectal polyps. Fecal incontinence may accompany perianal Crohn's disease; the mouth may be affected by recurrent sores. The esophagus, stomach may be involved in Crohn's disease; these can cause symptoms including difficulty swallowing, upper abdominal pain, vomiting. Like many other chronic, inflammatory diseases, Crohn's disease can cause a variety of systemic symptoms. Among children, growth failure is common.
Many children are first diagnosed with Crohn's dise
The Vermont-Slauson district of Los Angeles is a 1.44-square-mile neighborhood within the South Los Angeles region of Los Angeles, California. The Vermont-Slauson neighborhood touches Vermont Square on the north, Florence on the east, Vermont Knolls on the south and Harvard Park on the west, it is bounded by 54th Street on the north, the Interstate 110 Freeway on the east, Florence Avenue on the south and Western Avenue on the west. It is notable within the city for its high density of population, its mid to low household income, its youthful population, its high average household size and the percentage of its families headed by single parents. A total of 26,797 residents lived in Vermont-Slauson's 1,44 square miles, according to the 2000 U. S. census — averaging 18,577 people per square mile, among the highest population densities in both the city and the county. The median age was 25, young for the city and the county, the percentages of residents younger than age 18 were among the county's highest.
There were 1,370 families headed by single parents. Within the neighborhood, Latino made up 60.5% of the population, while African American were 36.8%. Other ethnicities are White 2.3%. Mexico and El Salvador were the most common places of birth for the 39.2% of the residents who were born abroad, about an average percentage for the city as a whole. The median household income in 2008 dollars was $31,236, considered low for both the city and county; the percentage of households earning $20,000 or less was high, compared to the county at large. The average household size of 3.5 people was considered high. Renters occupied 61.5% of the housing units, homeowners occupied the rest. Mount Carmel Park, Hoover Street between 69th and 70th Street Theresa Lindsay Park, Figueroa Street at Slauson Avenue Only 3.7% of Vermont-Slauson residents 25 and older held a four-year degree, a low percentage for both the city and the county. The percentage of residents age 25 and older with less than a high school diploma was high for the county.
Schools within the boundaries of Vermont-Slauson are: Augustus F. Hawkins High School, 825 W. 60th Street John Muir Middle School, 5929 South Vermont Avenue Nativity Elementary School, 943 West 57th Street Budlong Avenue Elementary, 5940 South Budlong Avenue Sixty-First Street Elementary School, 6020 South Figueroa Street Sixty-Eighth Street Elementary School, 612 West 68th Street Saint Raphael Elementary School, 924 West 70th Street Comments about living in Vermont-Slauson Vermont-Slauson crime map and statistics
Miles Grant "Alex" Main was a professional baseball pitcher who played from 1914 to 1915 and in 1918 for the Detroit Tigers, Kansas City Packers and Philadelphia Phillies. A 30-year-old rookie, Main began his big league career on April 1914, for the Tigers. With them, he appeared in 32 games, he went 6 -- 6 with a 2.67 ERA, saving three. His three saves ranked sixth in the league; the following season, he became the second Tiger pitcher to jump to the short-lived Federal League, the first being Ed Willett. He played for the Packers that season. Although his ERA of 2.54 was third best on the team and he gave up only 181 hits in 230 innings, his record was only 13–14. He had the worst record on the team among all pitchers with at least 25 games started. Despite that, his 1.113 WHIP was fifth best in the league, his 7.08 hits per nine innings ratio ranked second. His three saves were eighth best in the league that season. On August 16 of that season, he threw the first no-hitter in Federal League Park history.
Main did not play in the Major Leagues in either 1916 or 1917, but in 1918 he appeared in eight games for the Phillies. Making four starts, he went 2–2 with a 4.63 ERA. He played his final big league game on June 29. Overall, Main went 21–22 with a 2.77 ERA in 75 career games. He allowed only 342 hits in 4031⁄3 innings; as a hitter, he hit.157 in 127 at-bats. Following his death, he was buried at Crestwood Memorial Cemetery in Michigan. List of Major League Baseball no-hitters Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Baseball-Reference