Customer relationship management is an approach to manage a company's interaction with current and potential customers. It uses data analysis about customers' history with a company to improve business relationships with customers focusing on customer retention and driving sales growth. One important aspect of the CRM approach is the systems of CRM that compile data from a range of different communication channels, including a company's website, email, live chat, marketing materials and more social media. Through the CRM approach and the systems used to facilitate it, businesses learn more about their target audiences and how to best cater to their needs; the concept of customer relationship management started in the early 1970s, when customer satisfaction was evaluated using annual surveys or by front-line asking. At that time, businesses had to rely on standalone mainframe systems to automate sales, but the extent of technology allowed them to categorize customers in spreadsheets and lists.

In 1982, Kate and Robert D. Kestnbaum introduced the concept of Database marketing, namely applying statistical methods to analyze and gather customer data. By 1986, Pat Sullivan and Mike Muhney released a customer evaluation system called ACT! based on the principle of digital rolodex, which offered a contact management service for the first time. The trend was followed by numerous companies and independent developers trying to maximize leads' potential, including Tom Siebel, who designed the first CRM product Siebel Systems in 1993. In order to compete with these new and growing stand-alone CRM solutions the established enterprise resource planning software companies like Oracle, SAP, Peoplesoft and Navision started extending their sales and customer service capabilities with embedded CRM modules; this included embedding sales force automation or extended customer service as CRM features in their ERP. Customer relationship management was popularized in 1997, due to the work of Siebel, IBM.

Between 1997 and 2000, leading CRM products were enriched with marketing capabilities. Siebel introduced the first mobile CRM app called Siebel Sales Handheld in 1999; the idea of a stand-alone, cloud-hosted and moveable customer bases was soon adopted by other leading providers at the time, including PeopleSoft, Oracle, SAP and Salesforce.com. The first open-source CRM system was developed by SugarCRM in 2004. During this period, CRM was migrating to cloud, as a result of which it became accessible to sole entrepreneurs and small teams; this increase in accessibility generated a huge wave of price reduction. Around 2009, developers began considering the options to profit from social media's momentum, designed tools to help companies become accessible on all users' favorite networks. Many startups at the time benefited from this trend to provide social CRM solutions, including Base and Nutshell; the same year, Gartner organized and held the first Customer Relationship Management Summit, summarized the features systems should offer to be classified as CRM solutions.

In 2013 and 2014, most of the popular CRM products were linked to business intelligence systems and communication software to improve corporate communication and end-users' experience. The leading trend is to replace standardized CRM solutions with industry-specific ones, or to make them customizable enough to meet the needs of every business. In November 2016, Forrester released a report where it "identified the nine most significant CRM suites from eight prominent vendors". Strategic CRM is concentrated upon the development of a customer-centric business culture; the primary goal of customer relationship management systems is to integrate and automate sales and customer support. Therefore, these systems have a dashboard that gives an overall view of the three functions on a single customer view, a single page for each customer that a company may have; the dashboard may provide client information, past sales, previous marketing efforts, more, summarizing all of the relationships between the customer and the firm.

Operational CRM is made up of 3 main components: sales force automation, marketing automation, service automation. Sales force automation works with all stages in the sales cycle, from entering contact information to converting a prospective client into an actual client, it implements sales promotion analysis, automates the tracking of a client's account history for repeated sales or future sales and coordinates sales, call centers, retail outlets. It prevents duplicate efforts between a salesperson and a customer and automatically tracks all contacts and follow-ups between both parties. Marketing automation focuses on easing the overall marketing process to make it more effective and efficient. CRM tools with marketing automation capabilities can automate repeated tasks, for example, sending out automated marketing emails at certain times to customers, or posting marketing information on social media; the goal with marketing automation is to turn a sales lead into a full customer. CRM systems today work on customer engagement through social media.

Service automation is the part of the CRM system. Through service automation, customers are supported through multiple channels such as phone, knowledge bases, ticketing portals, FAQs, more; the role of analytical CRM systems is to analyze customer data collected through multiple sources and present it so that business managers can make more informed decisions. Analytical CRM systems use techniques such as data mining and pattern recognition to analyze the customer data; these analytics help im

Blessed Art Thou by Gertrude Kasabier. Platinum Print. Collection Metropolitan Museum of Art. Accession Number 33.43.132. The photograph is an example of the many images Kasabier created of the bond between Mother and Child; the work exemplifies the chiaroscuro and atmospheric quality of light in Kasabier's photographs. Kasabier was so unhappy with her own marriage. Kasabier's objections to the institution of marriage seem inconsistent with the gendered view of woman as caretaker reflected in "Blessed Art Thou". Kasabier believed. Among women photographers inspired by her work were Consuelo Kanaga. In 1899 Alfred Stieglitz published five of Kasabier's photographs in Camera Notes and wrote that she was "beyond dispute, the leading artistic portrait photographer of the Day." In 1899 her print of "The Manger" an image of a Mother and Child sold for $100 - the most paid for a photograph at that time. Kasabier's financial need for commercial success to support her family created a rift with Stieglitz. Kasabier's gendered images like "Blessed Art Thou" and "The Manger" seem inconsistent with her personal quest for professional and financial independence

The Wombles is a stop motion animated British television series made in 1973–1975. The Wombles are creatures that live underground and recycling human rubbish. After the first Wombles book, published in 1968, was featured on the BBC1 children's television programme Jackanory, the BBC commissioned producer FilmFair to create a television series of the books; the series was directed by Ivor Wood using stop-motion. The characters were all voiced by actor Bernard Cribbins. Sets and model making were by Barry Leith. Two series of 30 five-minute episodes were produced, with the first series airing in 1973, animated by Ivor Wood, the second in 1975, animated by Barry Leith; the original television series was screened for many years. After FilmFair was acquired by the Canadian company Cinar Films in 1996, a new series of episodes was created, with three new Womble characters. In the UK, the series was screened on their CITV brand; the Wombles in USA was aired on ABC Orinoco & The Big Black Umbrella: Orinoco goes for a spin on a windy day.

The Rocking Chair: Great Uncle Bulgaria's rocking chair breaks and Orinoco gets stuck in a tyre. A Sticky Ending Great Uncle Bulgaria's Keep Fit Lesson: Great Uncle Bulgaria relives his younger years with a football. A Safe Place: Great Uncle Bulgaria needs somewhere to store an old history book. Peep-Peep-Peep: Wellington invents a telephone using cans and string; the Purple Paw Mystery: Tomsk makes a mess of making ink. Bungo's Birthday Party: Bungo thinks the others have forgotten his birthday; the Invisible Womble: Orinoco becomes convinced he's become invisible. Orinoco Sees The Light: Orinoco's joke that Wellington should try planting a lightbulb has an unexpected outcome; the Conkering Hero: Wellington finds a new use for conkers. One Pair Of Feet: Wellington nearly gets spotted by a Human Being and is saved via a cardboard box. Tobermory On Television: Tobermory puts on his own TV show. Crossed Lines: Great Uncle Bulgaria demands that Tobermory improves the Burrow telephone system. Blow The Womble Down: Orinoco finds a vacuum cleaner.

Madame Cholet Returns madame cholets first appearance Weighing In Time: Orinoco is shamed into exercising by a new weighing machine. Musical Wombles Wombles And Ladders Orinoco And The Ghost: Orinoco is reluctant to go out at night after hearing a scary story. A Game Of Golf: Tomsk teaches Great Uncle Bulgaria to play golf. North, East, West The Picnic: Tomsk and Bungo foolishly trust Orinoco to carry their picnic basket. Games In The Snow: The Wombles get snowed in after a night of heavy snow fall; the Snow Wombles: The Wombles hold a snowman making competition. What's Cooking?: The Burrow chimney is blocked Spring Cleaning Time Marrow Pie: Orinoco grows a marrow. The Cement Mixer The Circus Comes To Wimbledon: The young Wombles put on circus acts. Bungo Up A Tree: Bungo gets stuck up a tree. Time And Slow Motion: Tobermory organises the young Wombles' tidying-up methods. Tomsk In Trouble: Tomsk can not make his bed; the Largest Womble In The World: Orinoco uses a pair of boots to trick Bungo and Tomsk.

Running Out Of Steam: Wellington and Bungo make their own train. Orinoco's Midnight Feast: Orinoco's greed ruins a midnight feast. Speak Up: Tomsk accidentally joins the water pipe to the telephone pipe The Vanishing Pancake: Orinoco goes fishing for pancakes after being shooed out of the kitchen. Madame Cholet & the Blackberries: Nobody will pick any blackberries, that makes Madame Cholet angry; the Fruit Machine: Orinoco and Wellington make a'mid-morning snack machine'. Portrait Of Great Uncle Bulgaria: Great Uncle Bulgaria's portrait is ruined. Behind The Times: An enormous road to be built causes panic. Burrow Hot Line: Papers and wet laundry get muddled on the washing line. Trunk Call: Tomsk gets stuck in a hollow tree trunk. MacWomble The Terrible: A Scottish relative comes to stay. A Single Piper: MacWomble's constant bagpipe playing drives everyone crazy. Porridge For Breakfast: MacWomble sends the young Wombles out to gather bracken to make porridge. Highland Games: The Wombles do their version of the Highland Games.

Home Sickness: Seeing that it is Burns Night, MacWomble is feeling homesick. So the other wombles decide to cheer him up. Goodbye MacWomble: MacWomble decides to head back home after the Loch Ness Monster has been sighted. Hiccups: Tomsk and Bungo get hiccups after eating hot buttercup crumpets. Wellington's Film Show: Wellington makes a film about the Wimbledon Burrow. Pirate Gold: Tomsk and Wellington hunt for pirate treasure. Warm & Cosy: The Wimbledon Burrow needs insulating. Autumn Leaves: Wellington and Tomsk invent a new way to collect fallen leaves; the Wombles Times: The young Wombles make their own newspaper. Operation W. R. A. P.: The young W

Velours du Kasaï is a kind of textile fabric made in Kasai, a province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Traditionally, the weaving is done by men of the Shoowa from the Kuba ethnic group, while the embroidery is reserved to women. Ideally, the embroiderers should be pregnant; the technique is still practised. The cloth was made using beaten wood bark but, since the introduction of raffia, only vestiges of this remain; some belts are still made in bark. Bark is still used for certain loincloths for women; the center of these loincloths is formed of many triangles of bark, alternately white. These are cut out of the raw bark either dyed black and sewn together; the choice of this method rather than that of drawing is significant - for the Kuba, value is measured by a work's difficulty. The fabric is made of fine fibre from the inside of the leaves of young palm trees; the leaves are dried in the sun split along their length and connected to form a basic warp of raffia, from 2m to 4m in length.

Fine leaf fibres are interweaved in a woof to create the velvet effect. This is wrapped around the waist to create a loincloth known as Mapel or Ntshak; the designs are varied and are created spontaneously but follow the body scarification patterns of the Kuba. The cloth is heavy and expensive and is not intended to be worn, but is used as a bed covering or on the royal throne. Individual items take from several months to a year to produce. Cloths were given as gifts; the Kuba Kingdom Cloths of Zaire Traditional Arts of the Congo

Curran Lawrance Singh Ferns is a Malaysian–Australian mixed-heritage footballer who plays for Melaka United in the Malaysia Super League. Ferns is a central midfielder but can play as a centre-back. Ferns is a composed technical player with advanced passing skills, but is known for his competitive and defensive attributes on the field. Ferns grew up in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne. At the age of 15, Ferns was selected for an elite sports scholarship with the Victorian Institute of Sport Men's Football Program, shortly after represented Melbourne Victory FC Youth which competes in the National Youth League. At Melbourne Victory FC Youth and the Football Federation Victoria National Training Centre he was coached and mentored by Mehmet Durakovic. Ferns began playing senior professional football in Australia in the National Premier Leagues competition with Brisbane City, and played for half a season at Port Melbourne. During 2015, Ferns left Australia to trial with Johor Darul Ta'zim F. C. based in Johor Bahru, Johor and was signed for Johor Darul Ta'zim II F.

C. for the beginning of the 2016 season. After spending 6 months with Johor Darul Ta'zim II F. C. he signed with Negeri Sembilan FA making his debut against Felda United F. C. in the Malaysia Cup tournament. After a successful 12-month period with Negeri Sembilan FA, Ferns received an offer to join Felda United F. C. at the beginning of the 2017 mid-season transfer window. He left the Negeri Sembilan FA team while they were in first position of the Malaysia Premier League, having gone undefeated during their first 13 successive league games, after reaching the semi-final stage of the Malaysia FA Cup. Ferns made his debut for Felda United F. C. in the Malaysia Super League with a 2-1 win against Pahang FA in July 2017. Under the guidance of head coach B. Sathianathan, Ferns made a successful contribution, helping the team reach 3rd place in the Malaysia Super League and semi-final of the Malaysia Cup. In the off-season of 2017 the club was notified it was being relegated to the Malaysia Premier League for the 2018 season after failing the Football Association of Malaysia club licence financial audit.

Despite this setback and the majority of the squad stayed at the club to help Felda United F. C win the title and secure promotion back to the Malaysia Super League for 2019. In late 2019, FOX Sports Asia reported. Ferns confirmed a move to Thailand's Thai League 1 to join Sukhothai FC to FOX Sports Asia in an article in June 2018. Ferns left Felda United F. C. with a commanding eleven point lead at the top of the Malaysia Premier League with only six games remaining for the 2018 season. Ferns played his first game for Sukhothai FC in the 2018 Thai League Cup on 13 June 2018 against Port FC.. Ferns subsequently re-signed a new contract with Sukhothai FC to represent the club for the 2019 season. Felda United FC 2018 Malaysia Premier League Championship As of 25 February 2019. Ferns is a naturalised Malaysia citizen, his mother grew up in Penang. His father was born in Australia and grew up in Liverpool, UK, he is the grand-nephew of the late Malaysian lawyer and politician Karpal Singh. Ferns has publicly expressed his desire to represent the Harimau Malaya.

A starting XI of Malaysians with foreign heritage- FourFourTwo 30 June 2015

John Derek Twigg is a British Labour Party politician who has served as the Member of Parliament for Halton in Cheshire since the 1997 general election. Twigg attended Bankfield High School in Widnes, afterwards Halton College of Further Education. At the age of 16, he joined the Civil Service and worked for the Department for Employment for the following 19 years. At 18, Twigg became Branch Secretary of the Civil and Public Services Association before joining the Labour Party in 1979, he was elected to Cheshire County Council at the age of 21, serving as a county councillor until 1985. In 1983 he was elected to Halton Borough Council. Between 1996 and 1997, he worked as a political consultant. At the general election in 1997, Twigg succeeded Gordon Oakes as Member of Parliament for the constituency of Halton, he made his maiden speech in the House of Commons on 10 June 1997. He was appointed Parliamentary Private Secretary to Helen Liddell, to Stephen Byers, before serving as a Government Whip from June 2002 until 2004.

In December 2004, Twigg was appointed Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department for Education and Skills. On 1 May 2005, he was booed and jeered while defending school league tables at the annual National Association of Head Teachers conference. After the general election of May 2005, he became Under-Secretary of State in the Department for Transport. In September 2006, Twigg was appointed Under-Secretary of State and Minister for Veterans at the Ministry of Defence. In October 2008, he was replaced in this position and, declining the offer of another ministerial post, returned to the back benches. In 2013, he was among the few Labour MPs to vote against the Marriage Bill, which passed with cross-party support. Twigg married Mary Cassidy in January 1988 in Widnes, they have a daughter. His interests outside politics include military history and Rugby league. A lifelong Liverpool FC supporter, Twigg attended the 1989 FA Cup semi-final tie between Liverpool and Nottingham Forest at the Hillsborough stadium, watched the unfolding Hillsborough disaster from the north stand.

Twigg's wife died on 26 November 2019. Derek Twigg, MP official constituency website Debrett's People of Today Profile at Parliament of the United Kingdom Contributions in Parliament at Hansard Contributions in Parliament at Hansard 1803–2005 Voting record at Public Whip Record in Parliament at TheyWorkForYou Profile at Westminster Parliamentary Record Derek Twigg booed at the Headmasters conference in May 2005 Video clip: Presenting veterans' badges on board HMS Belfast, 5 September 2007 on YouTube, video