1.
Otaku
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Otaku is a Japanese term for people with obsessive interests, commonly the anime and manga fandom. Its contemporary usage originated with Akio Nakamoris 1983 essay in Manga Burikko, Otaku may be used as a pejorative, its negativity stems from the stereotypical view of otaku and the medias reporting on Tsutomu Miyazaki, The Otaku Murderer, in 1989. According to studies published in 2013, the term has become less negative, Otaku subculture is a central theme of various anime and manga works, documentaries and academic research. The subculture began in the 1980s as changing social mentalities and the nurturing of otaku traits by Japanese schools combined with the resignation of such individuals to become social outcasts. The subcultures birth coincided with the boom, after the release of works such as Mobile Suit Gundam before it branched into Comic Market. The definition of otaku subsequently became more complex, and numerous classifications of otaku emerged, in 2005, the Nomura Research Institute divided otaku into twelve groups and estimated the size and market impact of each of these groups. Other institutions have split it further or focus on an otaku interest. These publications classify distinct groups including anime, manga, camera, automobile, idol, the economic impact of otaku has been estimated to be as high as ¥2 trillion. Otaku is derived from a Japanese term for another persons house or family and this word is often used metaphorically, as an honorific second-person pronoun. In this usage, its literal translation is you, for example, in the anime Macross, first aired in 1982, the character Lynn Minmay uses the term this way. His 1983 series An Investigation of Otaku, printed in the lolicon magazine Manga Burikko, animators Haruhiko Mikimoto and Shōji Kawamori had used the term between themselves as an honorific second-person pronoun since the late 1970s. Supposedly, some used it past the point in their relationships where others would have moved on to a less formal style. Because this misuse indicated social awkwardness, Nakamori chose the word itself to label the fans, morikawa Kaichirō, an author and lecturer at Meiji University, identified this as the origin of its contemporary usage. However, a different claim points to a 1981 Variety magazine essay, in 1989, the case of Tsutomu Miyazaki, The Otaku Murderer, brought the fandom, very negatively, to national attention. Later that year, the contemporary knowledge magazine Bessatsu Takarajima dedicated its 104th issue to the topic of otaku and it was called Otaku no Hon and delved into the subculture of otaku with 19 articles by otaku insiders, among them Akio Nakamori. This publication has been claimed by scholar Rudyard Pesimo to have popularized the term, in modern Japanese slang, the term otaku is mostly equivalent to geek or nerd, but in a more derogatory manner than used in the West. However, it can relate to any fan of any theme, topic. When these people are referred to as otaku, they are judged for their behaviors -, the word entered English as a loanword from the Japanese language
2.
Akihabara
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Akihabara is a common name for the area around Akihabara Station in the Chiyoda ward of Tokyo, Japan. The area called Akihabara mainly belongs to Sotokanda district, Akihabara gained the nickname Akihabara Electric Town shortly after World War II for being a major shopping center for household electronic goods and the post-war black market. Nowadays, Akihabara is considered by many to be a cultural center and a shopping district for video games, anime, manga. Icons from popular anime and manga are displayed prominently on the shops in the area, the main area of Akihabara is located on a street just west of Akihabara Station, where most of the major shops are situated. Most of the shops are just west of the station, and the anime and manga shops. As mentioned above, the area called Akihabara now ranges over some districts in Chiyoda ward, Sotokanda, Kanda-Hanaokachō, the administrative district called Akihabara exists in Taitō ward and borders on Sotokanda at the middle of Akihabara and Okachimachi stations, but its half is occupied by JR tracks. The area that is now Akihabara was once near a city gate of Edo and this made the region a home to many craftsmen and tradesmen, as well as some low class samurai. The locals nicknamed the shrine Akiba after the deity that could fire. After Akihabara Station was built in 1888, the shrine was moved to the Taitō ward where it resides today. Since its opening in 1890, Akihabara Station became a freight transit point. Then, in the 1920s, the station saw a large volume of passengers after opening for public transport, and after World War II, the black market thrived in the absence of a strong government. This disconnection of Akihabara from government authority has allowed the district to grow as a market city and this new specialization brought in a new type of consumer, computer nerds or otaku. The market in Akihabara naturally latched onto their new customer base that was focused on anime, manga, on Sunday 8 June 2008 at 12,33 JST, a man drove into a crowd with a truck, then stabbed at least 17 people using a dagger. Seven died and ten were injured, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department arrested Tomohiro Katō,25, on suspicion of attempted murder, and arrested him again weeks later on suspicion of murder. Kato was eventually sentenced to death by the Tokyo District Court in 2011, the influence of otaku culture has shaped Akihabaras businesses and buildings to reflect the interests of otaku and gained the district worldwide fame for its distinctive imagery. Akihabara tries to create an atmosphere as close as possible to the game and anime worlds of customers interest, the streets of Akihabara are covered with anime and manga icons, and cosplayers line the sidewalks handing out advertisements, especially for maid cafés. The idol group AKB48, one of Japans highest selling contemporary musical acts, runs its own theater in Akihabara, the design of many of the buildings serves to create the sort of atmosphere that draws in otaku. Akihabaras role as a market has also allowed a large amount of amateur work to find a passionate audience in the otaku who frequent the area
3.
Chiptune
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Chiptune, also known as chip music or 8-bit music, is synthesized electronic music which is made for programmable sound generator sound chips used in vintage computers, consoles, and arcade machines. The term also refers to tracker format music which sounds similar to older PSG-created music and music that combines PSG sounds with modern musical styles. By the early 1980s, personal computers became less expensive and more accessible than they had previously been and this led to a proliferation of outdated personal computers and game consoles that had been abandoned by consumers as they upgraded to newer machines. They were in low demand by consumers as a whole, and not difficult to find, while it has been a mostly underground genre, chiptune has had periods of moderate popularity in the 1980s and 21st century, and has influenced the development of electronic dance music. The terms chip music and chiptune refer to music made by the sound chips found within early gaming systems, a waveform generator is a fundamental module in a sound synthesis system. A waveform generator usually produces a basic geometrical waveform with a fixed or variable timbre, common waveform generator configurations usually included two or three simple waveforms and often a single pseudo-random-noise generator. Available waveforms often included pulse wave, square wave, triangle wave, two notable examples of systems employing this technology comprise the Game Boy and the Commodore 64. The Game Boy uses two pulse channels, a channel for 4-bit PCM playback, and a pseudo-random-noise generator, the Commodore 64, however, used the MOS Technology SID chip which offered 3 channels, each switchable between pulse, saw-tooth, triangle, and noise. Unlike the Game Boy, the channels on the Commodore 64 allowed full control over wave duty cycles. The SID was a technically advanced chip, offering many other features including ring modulation. Due to limited number of voices in those primitive chips, one of the challenges is to produce rich polyphonic music with them. The usual method to emulate it is via quick arpeggios, which is one of the most relevant features of chiptune music, the earliest precursors to chip music can be found in the early history of computer music. In 1951, the computers CSIRAC and Ferranti Mark 1 were used to perform real-time synthesized digital music in public. One of the earliest commercial computer music albums came from the First Philadelphia Computer Music Festival, held August 25,1978, the First Philadelphia Computer Music Festival recordings were published by Creative Computing in 1979. The Global TV program Science International credited a PDP-11/10 for the music, Chiptune music began to appear with the video game music produced during the golden age of video arcade games. An early example was the tune in Tomohiro Nishikados arcade game Gun Fight. The first video game to feature continuous background music was Rally-X. It was also one of the earliest games to use a converter to produce sampled sounds
4.
Moe (slang)
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Moe is a Japanese slang loanword that refers to feelings of strong affection mainly towards characters in anime, manga, and video games. Moe, however, has gained usage to refer to feelings of affection towards any subject. Moe can lead to feelings and desires, however, thinking too heavily about it is considered outside the scope. The word Moe originated in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Japan and is of uncertain origin, Moe characters have expanded through Japanese media, and have contributed positively to the Japanese economy. Contests both online, and in the world exist for Moe-type things including one run by one of the Japanese game rating boards. Various notable commentators such as Tamaki Saitō, Hiroki Azuma, and Kazuya Tsurumaki have also given their take on Moe, and its meaning. Moe used in slang refers to feelings of affection, adoration, devotion, characters that elicit feelings of moe are called moe characters. The word has evolved to be used regarding all kinds of topics. Included in the meaning of the word is the idea that deep feelings felt towards a particular subject is used in cases where a simple like is not enough to express the feeling. It can be considered a kind of pseudo-romance, but it is not always seen to be the same as romance, the terms origin and etymology are unknown. Psychologist Tamaki Saitō identifies it as coming from the Japanese word for budding, along the same line of thought, Kitabayashi has identified it to be a pun with the Japanese ichidan verb for to sprout moeru and its homonym to burn moeru, which mean to burn. Galbraith states that the term came from 2channel in the 1990s, discussing female characters who were hybrids of the Lolicon and this describes exactly Hotaru Tomoe, and coincides with her height of popularity in 2channel, giving strength to the theory that the term stemmed from her name. Another reason why the term could have originated from Hotaru Tomoe is her background story, comiket organiser Ichikawa Koichi has described Lum Invader of Urusei Yatsura as being both the source of moe and the first tsundere. The character of Clarisse from Hayao Miyazakis The Castle of Cagliostro has also cited as a potential ancestral example. According to Hiroki Azuma, as Rei Ayanami became a prominent character among fans. The industry has created many characters which share her traits of pale skin, blue hair. Moe characters have expanded within the Japanese media market, in 2004, the market for moe media such as printed media, video, and games was worth 88 billion yen, roughly one-third of the estimated 290 billion yen otaku market in Japan. In 2009, Brad Rice, editor-in-chief of Japanator, said that moe has literally become an economic force saying that more products use some element of moe in order to sell better
5.
J-pop
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J-pop, natively also known simply as pops, is a musical genre that entered the musical mainstream of Japan in the 1990s. J-pop was further defined by new groups in the late 1970s, particularly electronic synthpop band Yellow Magic Orchestra. Eventually, J-pop replaced kayōkyoku in the Japanese music scene, the term was coined by the Japanese media to distinguish Japanese music from foreign music, and now refers to most Japanese popular music. The origin of modern J-pop is said to be Japanese-language rock music inspired by the likes of The Beatles, unlike the Japanese music genre called kayōkyoku, J-pop uses a special kind of pronunciation, which is similar to that of English. One notable singer to do so is Keisuke Kuwata, who pronounced the Japanese word karada as kyerada, additionally, unlike Western music, the major second was usually not used in Japanese music, except art music, before rock music became popular in Japan. At first, the term J-pop was used only for Western-style musicians in Japan, such as Pizzicato Five and Flippers Guitar, on the other hand, Mitsuhiro Hidaka of AAA from Avex Trax said that J-pop was originally derived from the Eurobeat genre. However, the became a blanket term, covering other music genres—such as the majority of Japanese rock music of the 1990s. O. A. Because the band did not want to perform J-pop music, their album featured the 1980s Pop of MTV, according to his fellow band member Toru Hidaka, the 1990s music that influenced him was not listened to by fans of other music in Japan at that time. Hide of Greeeen openly described their genre as J-pop. He said, I also love rock, hip hop and breakbeats, for example, hip hop musicians learn the culture of hip hop when they begin their career. We are not like those musicians and we love the music as very much. Those professional people may say What are you doing, but I think that our musical style is cool after all. By the Taishō period, Western musical techniques and instruments, which had introduced to Japan in the Meiji period, were widely used. Influenced by Western genres such as jazz and blues, ryūkōka incorporated Western instruments such as the violin, harmonica, however, the melodies were often written according to the traditional Japanese pentatonic scale. In the 1930s, Ichiro Fujiyama released popular songs with his tenor voice, Fujiyama sang songs with a lower volume than opera through the microphone. Jazz musician Ryoichi Hattori attempted to produce Japanese native music which had a flavor of blues and he composed Noriko Awayas hit song Wakare no Blues. Awaya became a popular singer and was called Queen of Blues in Japan. Due to pressure from the Imperial Army during the war, the performance of music was temporarily halted in Japan
6.
Comiket
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Comiket, otherwise known as the Comic Market, is the worlds largest dōjinshi fair, held twice a year in Tokyo, Japan. The first Comiket was held on December 21,1975, with only about 32 participating circles, attendance has since swelled to over a half million people. It is a grassroots, DIY effort for selling dōjinshi, self-published Japanese works, the continuing operation of Comiket is the responsibility of the Comic Market Preparatory Committee. Comiket was founded in 1975 by Yoshihiro Yonezawa and a circle of friends, including Teruo Harada and Jun Aniwa and they wished to study manga and explore its potential, as commercial offerings were unchallenging and mainstream, following the closure of COM. Comiket was also founded as a form of the SF Taikai convention. Comic Market is held twice a year, once in August and these are typically referred to as NatsuComi and FuyuComi respectively. NatsuComi is three long, and usually is held during the weekend around August 15. FuyuComi is two to three long, and usually is held between December 28 and 31. The current convention location is the Tokyo Big Sight convention center near Ariake, in Odaiba, Kōtō, the major part of the convention runs from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. though the company booths run all the way until 5 p. m. On the last day of the convention, the booths and Cosplay Square close an hour earlier. Due to the popularity of the event, the official Comic Market website advises first-time attendees to arrive in the afternoon to avoid having to wait in line. Those arriving at 10 a. m. can expect to wait in line for about an hour before being able to enter, attendees who arrive on the first train can expect to wait about five hours before entering at roughly 10 or 10,30 a. m. In 1982, there were fewer than 10,000 attendees at Comiket, however, by 1989, there were over 100,000 attendees. Approximately 35,000 sellers, known as circles, participate in each edition of Comiket, attendee numbers topped half a million for the first time during Comic Market 66, in August 2004. Since Comic Market 72 in 2007, attendee numbers have fluctuated in the region of 500,000 for the edition and 560,000 for the summer edition. Comiket 82 took place on 10–12 August 2012 and attracted an estimated 560,000 attendees, because there is no registration requirement for non-seller attendees, these attendee numbers are estimates based on how many people enter Tokyo Big Sight during the days of the convention. Because of the number of people gathering in a single place. Area hotels, trains, and bus services also make special arrangements to accommodate the large crowds, since Comikets inception, artist attendance has been predominantly female, though there have been recent changes in that in the last several Comikets
7.
Anime
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Anime is Japanese hand-drawn or computer animation. The word is the pronunciation of animation in Japanese, where this term references all animation. Arguably, the abstract approach to the words meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan. For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product, some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism. The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has continued to increase steadily. Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media and it is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences. Anime is an art form with distinctive production methods and techniques that have been adapted over time in response to emergent technologies. It consists of an ideal story-telling mechanism, combining art, characterization, cinematography. The production of anime focuses less on the animation of movement and more on the realism of settings as well as the use of effects, including panning, zooming. Being hand-drawn, anime is separated from reality by a gap of fiction that provides an ideal path for escapism that audiences can immerse themselves into with relative ease. Diverse art styles are used and character proportions and features can be quite varied, the anime industry consists of over 430 production studios, including major names like Studio Ghibli, Gainax, and Toei Animation. Despite comprising only a fraction of Japans domestic film market, anime makes up a majority of Japanese DVD sales and it has also seen international success after the rise of English-dubbed programming. This rise in popularity has resulted in non-Japanese productions using the anime art style. Anime is an art form, specifically animation, that all genres found in cinema. In Japanese, the term refers to all forms of animation from around the world. In English, anime is more used to denote a Japanese-style animated film or television entertainment or as a style of animation created in Japan. The etymology of the anime is disputed. The English term animation is written in Japanese katakana as アニメーション and is アニメ in its shortened form, in English, anime—when used as a common noun—normally functions as a mass noun
8.
Squid Girl
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Squid Girl, known in Japan as Shinryaku. An anime television adaptation by Diomedéa aired on TV Tokyo between October and December 2010, with a second season airing between September and December 2011. Three original video animation episodes were released between 2012 and 2014, Squid Girl is a girl from the ocean who possesses blue squid-like tentacles for hair. However, when she breaks a hole in their wall trying to demonstrate her power. Thus, Squid Girl begins her life on the surface, learning new things, Squid Girl Voiced by, Hisako Kanemoto, Christine Marie Cabanos The main protagonist of the series. Squid Girl is a girl from the ocean who plans to invade humanity as punishment for the pollution done to the sea, however, after causing damage to the Lemon Beach House, she is forced to work as a waitress to pay for the damages. Like a squid, she has ten fully controllable blue tentacles that protrude from the top of her head like hair that can regenerate if they are cut off, as well as spew squid ink from her mouth. According to her, she will die if she takes her hat off. She enjoys shrimp and greatly fears natural predators of squids like sharks, although generally immature and often getting herself into mischief, she is a fast learner, able to master complex things such as math and other languages in a short period of time. She almost always ends her sentences with de geso as a copula and emphasizes ika in sentences, in the English dubs, she incorporates various squid and fish puns into her dialogue. Eiko Aizawa Voiced by, Ayumi Fujimura, Heather Pennington The manager of the Lemon Beach House who lives with her siblings Chizuru and Takeru and she is a strong-minded girl and constantly has to keep Squid Girl in check. Despite her frequent irritation towards Squid Girl, Eiko does seem to care for her more than she is willing to admit, video games are one of her main hobbies, and studying is her primary weak point. A tomboy, she loathes wearing girly clothes and even skirts and she seems to be concerned about her weight and despite her near-superhuman abilities, she becomes downhearted when she is thought of as something other than a normal human. She was mistaken as a Hanya, a Japanese demon, Takeru Aizawa Voiced by, Miki Ōtani, Amanda C. Miller Eiko and Chizurus little brother. Takeru is a school student who enjoys playing with Squid Girl. Sanae Nagatsuki Voiced by, Kanae Itō, Xanthe Huynh A neighborhood friend of Eiko who has a pet dog named Alex, Eiko describes her as a typical airhead. She develops a crush on Squid Girl, often trying to get intimate with her at every opportunity. She keeps a vast collection of Squid Girl photographs and memorabilia and she develops inhuman reflexes upon taking Squid Girls photos
9.
Kill Me Baby
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Kill Me Baby is a Japanese four-panel manga series written and illustrated by Kaduho which began serialization in Houbunshas Manga Time Kirara Carat from July 2008. It follows the lives of a high school girl Yasuna Oribe, along with her friends Sonya, a female assassin, and Agiri Goshiki. An anime adaptation by J. C. Staff aired in Japan between January 5,2012 and March 29,2012, with an original video animation released on October 16,2013. Yasuna Oribe Voiced by, Chinatsu Akasaki, Hilary Haag A normal high school girl and self proclaimed friend of Sonya and she tends to take on the brunt of Sonyas attacks whenever she takes her by surprise or goes overboard with her pranks. She is quite simple minded and is not afraid of Sonya at all, Sonya Voiced by, Mutsumi Tamura, Luci Christian A foreign trained assassin attending a regular high school. As she constantly takes on assassin work she is constantly alert, despite her tough composure, she is scared of various things such as cockroaches, ghosts, wild animals and dogs. She also has shown to care a little for Yasuna, as seen in episode 13. Agiri Goshiki Voiced by, Ai Takabe, Rozie Curtis A laid back ninja from the organization as Sonya. She transferred to Sonyas school for some assignments and stays at a former ninja club room without permission and she often perplexes Sonya and Yasuna with dubious ninjutsus. She is shown to be calm and have long purplish hair and she has since vowed revenge against Yasuna and Sonya. Kill Me Baby began its serialization in the July 2008 issue of Manga Time Kirara Carat manga magazine after a prototype of the strip was published in an issue of the magazine. Houbunsha published the first compilation volume on January 27,2009, an anime adaptation by J. C. Staff aired on TBS between January 5,2012 and March 29,2012. The opening theme is Kill Me, Baby. by Mutsumi Tamura and Chinatsu Akasaki while the theme is The True Secrets of the Pairs Feelings by Tamura. These theme songs and all of music are composed by EXPO. The series has been licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks, a CD Album, Kill Me Baby Super, was released on October 16,2013 and includes an original video animation. Keep it to smaller doses, though, and it often enough to make a reliable comedy diversion. Seems to have itself a little niche in the congested four-panel market. What it lacks in a large cast, it makes up for by diligently bringing the characters it does use to life, TBS Official Site Substantially Official Site Kill Me Baby at Anime News Networks encyclopedia
10.
Mosaic.wav
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Mosaic. wav is a Japanese moe-pop band from Akihabara, widely known for doing theme songs to eroge, they eventually began to produce their own original work in 2004. In an interview with JaME, Kayamori stated their name was chosen in connection to church windows, the band is named after the digital sound file format WAV and the word of pixelization used in censoring genitals in Japanese pornograhy. Their songs have also used as opening songs for Sumomomo Momomo. MOSAIC. WAV is fronted by vocalist MI-KO, with keyboardist Susumu Kayamori and they dubbed their own music as Akiba-Pop, J-pop covered by numerous Akihabara cultural references, this including fantasy anime and video game themes. MOSAIC. WAV is currently active as a band, in 2015, MOSAIC. WAV composed the soundtrack for the anime adaptation of School-Live. Magical Hacker☆Kurukuru Risk Kimi wa Nan Terabyte, Kyun Kyun Panic Saikyou○×Keikaku Girigiri Kagaku Shoujo Falsie Setsujou. Hyakka Ryouran Katamichi Catchball Denou Kassen×Uju no Jin, amusement Pack Superluminal Ж AKIBA-POP Ginyuu Planet ☆ AKIBA-POP AKIBA-POP√RECOLLECTION Astronomical Φ AKIBA-POP. Official Website Sham Studio MOSAIC. WAV interview on Kochipan MOSAIC. WAV interview on denpanosekai. com MOSAIC. WAV interview on JaME World
11.
Kotoko (musician)
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Kotoko is a Japanese J-pop musician, singer and songwriter from Sapporo, Hokkaido. Kotoko began her career as a member of Ive Sound in 2000. Kotoko left Geneon in 2010, left Ive Sound and signed to Warner Home Video in 2011 and she composes and writes lyrics for numerous other song collections. She has contributed songs to numerous anime and video games including Please Teacher, from elementary school, Kotoko believed her career would be influenced by her voice and tried to involve herself in as many auditions as possible. In addition to regular education she attended courses at the music school Haura where she polished her musical talents, Kotoko became a professional singer in 2000. She released her first album Sora o Tobetara in 2000, many of the tracks on this album were later re-recorded for her first Ive Sound album, Hane, which is officially considered her first album. Her first Ive Sound CD appearance was on the CD Dear Feeling sold in Comiket 59 and she then appeared on the album Disintegration, a collection of various songs from Ive Sounds singers. Since then, she has performed opening and ending themes for a few anime and has gained significant recognition from her two Ive Sound-related album releases and her second album, Garasu no Kaze, released in June 2005 has been praised within multiple online communities. On October 13,2005, she released her fourth single, which featured a song from her Garasu no Kaze album,421, A Will and its B-side song Shūsō. Kotokos first official performance in North America was her highly successful American concert debut at Anime Expo 2005, in 2009, she wrote the song Screw for the Mamoru Oshii live-action movie Assault Girls. Her 17th single Light My Fire was written by Ryo of Supercell and was used as the first opening theme to the 2011 anime series Shakugan no Shana Final and she also appeared at the Animazement anime convention in 2012 and returned to the event in 2014. She collaborated with the band Altima in performing the song Plasmic Fire and she will collaborate with Luna Haruna on the song SxW, the song will be used as the theme song to the video game Accel World VS Sword Art Online, Millennium Twilight
12.
IOSYS
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IOSYS is a Japanese musical ensemble and dōjin circle from Sapporo, Japan. The group is known for producing remixes of music from the Touhou Project series of dōjin games. They are not signed to a label, instead preferring to release their music through dōjin channels such as the Comiket convention and their music frequently parodies characters or themes of games such as those of Touhou Project or Atluss Etrian Odyssey. Many of the current members reside in the Hokkaidō or Kantō areas of Japan and they also produced the 2nd ending credits for Penguin Musume Heart and composed opening and ending credits music for Yumekui Merry. The name Touhou, meaning Eastern, refers to the Touhou Project series, reference for discography taken from Videogame Music Database. ファミコンCDDX Famicom CDDX Released May 08200502, 東方風櫻宴 Phantasmagoria Mystical Expectation Released May 21,2006 The first IOSYS Touhou Project arrangement CD, mainly instrumental. Only the first and fourth tracks having lyrics, 東方乙女囃子 Touhou Maidens Orchestra Released Aug 132006 The Otome Bayashi includes one of IOSYS most famous songs, Marisa Stole the Precious Thing, but is also mainly instrumental. 東方月燈籠 Touhou Moon Lantern Released Dec 312006 In this CD, Stops at the affected area and this is the first IOSYS CD in which every track has lyrics but the fourteenth. Was re-released in 2009 as Touhou Moon Lantern, with certain tracks added/removed, 世界樹のおもちゃ箱 Yggdrasils Toy Box Released Apr 30/200706. 東方永雀峰 Touhou Eternal Sparrow Peak Released May 20,2007 This is a rearrange of nearly the entire Touhou Eiyashou soundtrack and it also features a parody of Marisa Stole the Precious Thing 07. 東方萃翠酒酔 Touhou Gathering Green Wine Drunkenness Released Aug 17200708, ごっすんとかのからおけ Released Nov 11200709. 東方河想狗蒼池 Touhou Blue Land of Rivers, Visions, and Tengu Released Dec 31200710, ねこみことかのからおけ Released Mar 03200811. 東方真華神祭 Touhou Splendid Divine Festival Released May 25,200812, ごっすんリミックス アイン Released May 25,200813. ごっすんリミックス ツバイン Released May 25,200814, 東方想幽森雛 Touhou Such a Mystery Released Aug 17200815. おさいせんとかのからおけ Released Oct 13200816, 東方氷雪歌集 Touhou Anthology Of Ice And Snow Released Nov 02200817. 東方泡沫天獄 Touhou Bubbling Underground Released Dec 29200818, 東方超都魔転 Touhou Just A Moment Released Mar 08200919. Bloom Released Mar 08200920, Released Apr 12009 Re-release of 東方月燈籠. 東方年柄年中 Touhou All Year Round Released Aug 15200922, 東方JeuXinTerdiTs Touhou JeuXinTerdiTs Released Dec 12200923
13.
Momoiro Clover Z
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Momoiro Clover Z is a Japanese idol group. It is commonly abbreviated as MCZ or Momoclo, the five members of MCZ are known for energetic performances, incorporating elements of ballet, gymnastics, and action movies. MCZ are the first female group to hold a concert at National Olympic Stadium in Japan. They are the group to provide theme music for three major Japanese anime television series with worldwide distribution, Sailor Moon, Dragon Ball Z. In 2013, MCZ grossed the fourth highest total sales revenue by a music artist in Japan, during 2016, about 636 thousand people attended their live concerts, the most ever for a Japanese female group. MCZ has been ranked as the most popular female Japanese idol group from 2013 to 2016, MCZ has collaborated with other performers, including a 2015 recording with American hard rock band KISS, marking KISS first ever collaborative recording. In 2016, their first overseas tour titled Trans America Ultra Live was held in Hawaii, Los Angeles, on stage, Momoiro Clover Z members are easily distinguished by the colors of their clothes, similar to the characters from Power Rangers. In some songs and music videos, the group loosely parodies them, before the group made its debut, other girls were in the lineup, Sumire Fujishiro, Manami Ikura, Yukina Kashiwa, Tsukina Takai, Miyū Wagawa, and Runa Yumikawa. Formed in the spring of 2008 as a unit, the group was originally named Momoiro Clover. The name was chosen to imply that the group was composed of innocent girls who wanted to bring happiness to people, later in 2011, after the departure of Akari Hayami from the group, management added the letter Z to the groups name. The groups slogan is Idols you can meet right now, Momoiro Clover began as a street act in 2008, performing for bystanders in Tokyos Yoyogi Park. As most members were attending school on weekdays, the group was active mainly on weekends. In a one-year period, Momoiro Clover had a number of line-up changes, in March 2009, they became a five-member unit composed of Reni Takagi, Kanako Momota, Akari Hayami, Shiori Tamai, and Ayaka Sasaki. To support and promote their first indie single, Momoiro Punch, Momoiro Clover took advantage of holidays from May to August. They gave a total of 104 concerts in 24 electronic stores of the Yamada Denki network, the girls slept in the minivan, and groups managers drove. In the middle of the tour, Momoka Ariyasu was added to the group as a sixth member, the single was sold only at the groups live events and those sales were enough for it to place 11th in the Oricon Daily Singles Chart and 23rd in the weekly chart. In March 2010, the girls stated their goals, to take first place on Oricon, to participate in Kōhaku Uta Gassen and they usually performed in a small club with live music or on a roof of a department store. They sometimes set a stage of National Olympic Stadium, where notable musicians are allowed to perform
14.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
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Hardcore (electronic dance music genre)
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Hardcore Techno is a subgenre of electronic dance music that originated in the Netherlands from the emergent raves/gabber in the 1990s. To understand the emergence of one has to go back to the 1970s. Groups such as Throbbing Gristle, Coil, Cabaret Voltaire, SPK, Foetus, the message diffused by industrial was then very provocative. Some of the sounds and experimentation of industrial have directly influenced hardcore since the beginning of the movement. In the mid-1980s, under the influence of the Belgian group Front 242, electronic body music, a new genre more accessible and more dancing inspired by industrial and new wave, appeared. This style is characterized by minimalism, cold sounds unlike disco, funk or house, with beats, generally combined with aggressive vocals. When EBM has met new beat, another Belgian genre, and acid house, all the elements were here for the arrival of hardcore. The term hardcore is not new in the music world, the term hardcore techno has first been used by EBM groups like à, GRUMH. Pankow, and Leæther Strip in the late 1980s, although their music had nothing to do with hardcore, à, GRUMH. s Sucking Energy, released in 1985, was the first track ever to use the term hardcore, within an EDM context. Around 1993, the style became clearly defined and was simply named hardcore, acardipane founded the label Planet Core Productions in 1989 and has produced more than 500 tracks, including 300 by himself till 1996. Another important name of the scene has started at PCP, Miroslav Pajic. Among other things, the group PCP has popularized a slow, heavy, minimal, just during the single year 1993, four compilations were released with increasing success. At the same time, another scene grew around the DJ The Producer, Traffik, Bryan Fury and they have quickly been followed by SpeedyQs, Armaguet Nad, La Peste, Sarin Assault, XMF in which works The Hacker. Manu le Malin has given a great visibility to the genre in France, micropoint, composed by Radium and Al Core, which exists since middle 1990s has had a great success with their album Neurophonie in 1998. This album is considered as the start of the subgenre frenchcore, leading to a huge attraction for the hardcore in France. In the late 1990s, hardcore progressively changed, the early hardcore progressively died, leaving the place to other more accessible styles like mákina and hardstyle. Happy hardcore continues its movement underground and has evolved bringing out other related genres such as eurobeat, UK hardcore, Freeform hardcore, Hardcore is usually composed using music sequencers, and many earlier tracks were produced on home computers with module tracker software. Some examples of the software used are FL Studio, Ableton Live, Cubase, Logic, Nuendo, the wide availability of computers, combined with the absence of financial remuneration, means that many hardcore musicians write for their own enjoyment and the pleasure of innovation
