Deoxyribose, or more 2-deoxyribose, is a monosaccharide with idealized formula H−−−3−H. Its name indicates that it is a deoxy sugar, meaning that it is derived from the sugar ribose by loss of an oxygen atom. Since the pentose sugars arabinose and ribose only differ by the stereochemistry at C2′, 2-deoxyribose and 2-deoxyarabinose are equivalent, although the latter term is used because ribose, not arabinose, is the precursor to deoxyribose. Deoxyribose was discovered in 1929 by Phoebus Levene. Several isomers exist with the formula H−−−3−H, but in deoxyribose all the hydroxyl groups are on the same side in the Fischer projection; the term "2-deoxyribose" may refer to either of two enantiomers: the biologically important d-2-deoxyribose and to the encountered mirror image l-2-deoxyribose. D-2-deoxyribose is a precursor to the nucleic acid DNA. 2-deoxyribose is an aldopentose, that is, a monosaccharide with five carbon atoms and having an aldehyde functional group. In aqueous solution, deoxyribose exists as a mixture of three structures: the linear form H−−−3−H and two ring forms, deoxyribofuranose, with a five-membered ring, deoxyribopyranose, with a six-membered ring.
The latter form is predominant. As a component of DNA, 2-deoxyribose derivatives have an important role in biology; the DNA molecule, the main repository of genetic information in life, consists of a long chain of deoxyribose-containing units called nucleotides, linked via phosphate groups. In the standard nucleic acid nomenclature, a DNA nucleotide consists of a deoxyribose molecule with an organic base attached to the 1′ ribose carbon; the 5′ hydroxyl of each deoxyribose unit is replaced by a phosphate, attached to the 3′ carbon of the deoxyribose in the preceding unit. The absence of the 2′ hydroxyl group in deoxyribose is responsible for the increased mechanical flexibility of DNA compared to RNA, which allows it to assume the double-helix conformation, to be compactly coiled within the small cell nucleus; the double-stranded DNA molecules are typically much longer than RNA molecules. The backbone of RNA and DNA are structurally similar, but RNA is single stranded, made from ribose as opposed to deoxyribose.
Other biologically important derivatives of deoxyribose include mono-, di-, triphosphates, as well as 3′-5′ cyclic monophosphates. Deoxyribose is generated from ribose 5-phosphate by enzymes called ribonucleotide reductases; these enzymes catalyse the deoxygenation process
The Gaelic surname Mac Somhairle means "son of Somhairle". The personal name Somhairle is a Gaelicised form of the Old Norse Sumarliði; the Old Norse Sumarliðr is composed of the elements liðr. As such, Sumarliðr and Sumarliði can be taken to mean "summer warrior", "summer seafarer". Anglicised forms of Mac Somhairle include: MacSorley, McSorley and Sorlie. Forms of the surname have been borne by several families of note. For example, one such family was Clann Somhairle, descended from Somhairle mac Giolla Brighde. Mac Somhairle, Norse-Gaelic warlord active in Ireland identical to Ruaidhrí mac Raghnaill Aonghus mac Somhairle, representative of Clann Somhairle Dubhghall mac Ruaidhrí, King of Argyll and the Isles known as Dubhgall Mac Somhairle and Mac Sumarlaide Dubhghall mac Somhairle, King of the Isles Raghnall mac Somhairle, King of the Isles
Protected areas of Slovenia include one national park, three regional parks, several natural parks, hundreds of natural monuments and monuments of designed nature. They cover about 12.5% of the Slovenian territory. Under the Wild Birds Directive, 26 sites totalling 25% of the nation's land are "Special Protected Areas". Triglav National Park Inner Carniola Regional Park Kozje Park Škocjan Caves Regional Park On 1 January 2012, there were 1276 natural monuments in Slovenia. Environmental Atlas of the Environment of Slovenia. Contains detailed maps of the Natura 2000 sites in Slovenia. Environmental Agency of Slovenia. Natura 2000 in Slovenia. Ministry of the Agriculture and Environment of the Republic of Slovenia
Bangladesh–Kuwait relations refer to the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Kuwait. The Emir of Kuwait Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah visited Bangladesh in 1974. Bangladesh has a resident embassy in Kuwait. In 1991 after Iraq had invaded Kuwait, Bangladesh sent soldiers for the United Nation led Operation Desert Shield to protect Saudi Arabia. Bangladesh fought in the First Gulf War as part of the International coalition. Bangladesh army lost 59 soldiers in mine clearing operations after the war. By 2016 728 Bangladeshi soldiers have died and 152 others were injured clearing land mines left behind by Iraq forces in the Gulf war under “Operation Reconstruction Kuwait”. On March 2016 both nations signed a treaty to allow diplomatic passport holders of each country to travel without entry visas; the Kuwaiti NGO Revival of Islamic Heritage Society was banned in Bangladesh for financing terrorism. In 2000 there were an estimated two million migrant Bangladeshi workers in Kuwait. Kuwait placed a ban on the import of Bangladeshi workers in 2006 over alleged malpractices in recruitment by Bangladeshi private recruitment agencies.
On July 2008, 2000 Bangladeshi workers protested over living conditions and low wages which were 18 Kuwaiti dinar per month in Kawait. Some of the workers were arrested for the protests but the Kuwait's labour ministry agreed to raise wages to 40 Kuwaiti dinar. In February 2015 Kuwait again allowed the entry of Bangladeshi workers after a ban of 7 years; the total number of Bangladeshi migrant workers had been reduced to 190 thousand by 2014. By 2016 number has come to 200 thousand migrant workers. On May 2016 the Government Kuwait agreed to help the Government of Bangladesh establish an oil refinery in Bangladesh
Suzanne Carrell was a retired American educator and recipient of the awards of the Order of Academic Palms, the Legion of Honor, the National Order of Merit in honor for her service to France. She is the co-founder of the Jacksonville, Florida chapter of the Alliance Française and was a key member of the Congress of French Culture in Florida, based in Orlando. Carrell was born in Albi, France in 1923. After the Second World War, she studied at the University of Algiers, where she graduated with a Master's degree in foreign language and the humanities. In 1954, she became an instructor at Jacksonville University after moving to the city with her husband, an American Army captain. In 1961, Carrell co-founded a local chapter of the Alliance Française in Jacksonville. By the following year, she facilitated the relocation of the existing Congress of French Culture in Florida to the Jacksonville University campus, where it would remain for several years. Carrell continued her work as the university expanded until, in 1974, she was granted the opportunity to head a new department devoted to the study of the French language.
For its duration between 1980 and 1986, Carrell was an active promoter of the sister city program between Jacksonville and Nantes. As part of this promotion, a scholarship was made available by the French government through the Congress of French Culture, la Bourse Suzanne Carrell, that made it possible for meritorious students of French to spend a summer studying in France. After her retirement in 1989, Carrell continued to be an active member in all of her organizations and was praised for her work in strengthening the cultural ties between the United States and France. In 1967, Carrell was decreed a Knight of the Order of Academic Palms. In 1980, a scholarship open to participants of Congress of French Culture in Florida was established in her name and continues to this day. In 2002, Carrell was awarded the French Legion of Honor by then-President Jacques Chirac. In 2012, Carrell was awarded the National Order of Merit by the Consul General of France Gaël de Maisonneuve
Edwin Ross Adair was a U. S. Representative from Indiana. Born in Albion, Adair attended grade and high schools in that city, he graduated from Hillsdale College in Michigan, A. B. 1928, from George Washington University Law School, Washington, D. C. LL. B. 1933. He commenced the practice of law in Fort Wayne, Indiana, he served as probate commissioner of Allen County, Indiana from 1940 to 1950. During World War II, he was called to active duty as a second lieutenant in the Quartermaster Corps Reserve in September 1941 and served until October 1945. Adair was elected as a Republican from Indiana's 4th congressional district to the Eighty-second and to the nine succeeding Congresses. Adair voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, 1964, 1968, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, he was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1970 to the Ninety-second Congress. He served as the United States Ambassador to Ethiopia from 1971 to 1974, he resumed the practice of law in Fort Wayne, where he resided until his death there, May 5, 1983.
He was interred at Mausoleum in Fort Wayne. E. Ross Adair Federal Building and United States Courthouse This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress website http://bioguide.congress.gov. United States Congress. "E. Ross Adair". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. E. Ross Adair at Find a Grave