Dongjak District
Dongjak District is one of the 25 gu that make up the city of Seoul, South Korea. Its name was derived from the Dongjaegi Naruteo Ferry, on the Han River which borders the district to the north, it was the 17th gu created in Seoul, after being separated from Gwanak District on April 1, 1980. The main symbol of Dongjak District is the snowy heron. A cartoon character named'Roya', a baby snowy heron, can be seen on signs and light poles throughout the gu. According to the official website, use of the snowy heron is meant to symbolize the "clean and noble spirit" of Dongjak's people; the emblem, found at most official buildings, depicts the snowy heron soaring into the sky. Dongjak is home to some KOSPI200 companies, including Nongshim, Honam Petrochemical, Yuhan. Dongjak District is divided into 15 dong: Daebang-dong Heukseok-dong Noryangjin-dong 1, 2 Sadang-dong 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Sangdo-dong 1, 2, 3, 4 Sindaebang-dong 1, 2 Dongjak District is home to Chongshin University, the Seoul campus of Chung-Ang University, Soongsil University.
Noryangjin-dong near Noryangjin Station is known for private institutes or Hagwons, for college admission test and civil service examinations. There are many notable sights in Dongjak District; the most famous is the National Cemetery in Dongjak-dong. Additionally, several temples are in the ward; the Noryangjin Fish Market is notable: Almost half of the fish brought to the city comes through here. Boramae Park is a large park, used as an airfield during the Korean War, it now has several decommissioned aircraft on display. The park has a large jogging track, workout equipment, a rock climbing wall, skate park, basketball courts, badminton courts, tennis courts and Boramae Buddhist Temple. KorailSeoul Subway Line 1 ← Daebang — Noryangjin → Seoul MetroSeoul Subway Line 2 Circle Line ← Sadang → ← Sindaebang → Seoul Subway Line 4 ← Dongjak — Isu — Sadang Station → Seoul Subway Line 7 ← Isu — Namseong — Soongsil University — Sangdo — Jangseungbaegi — Sindaebangsamgeori → Seoul Metro Line 9 CorporationSeoul Subway Line 9 ← Noryangjin — Nodeul — Heukseok — Dongjak → Surrey, British Columbia, Canada Pinggu, China Dunhua, China Tahara, Japan Bayankhongor, Mongolia Dongjak-gu website
Towns of China
When referring to political divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 镇. The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China classifies towns as third-level administrative units, along with townships and ethnic minority townships. A township is smaller in population and more remote than a town. To a higher-level administrative units, the borders of a town would include an urban core, as well as rural area with some villages. Towns in China are small in size and in population compared to cities, but those with particular characteristics can enjoy great popularity among tourists. For example, the ancient town of Fenghuang attracts young backpackers every year for its minority ethnic culture and architecture. A typical provincial map would show a zhen with a circle centered at its urban area and labeled with its name, while a more detailed one would show the borders dividing the county or county-level city into town and/or township units; the town in which the county government is located is "invisible" on less-detailed maps, because its circle is labeled with the name of the county rather than the name of the actual zhen into which this urban area falls.
For example, the county government of Tongshan County, Hubei is located in Tongyang Town, but the maps would show it with a circle labeled "Tongshan County" or "Tongshan". Road signs would normally show distance to "Tongshan" rather than "Tongyang". On the other hand, more detailed maps - e.g. maps of individual prefecture-level cities in a provincial atlas - would label the county seat location with both the name of the county and, in a smaller font, with the name of the township. Intercity buses, trains, or riverboats destined to, or stopping at a county seat may designate its destination either by the name of the county or the name of the county-seat township. In contrast to the PRC, in the official translation adopted in the ROC, both xiāng and zhèn are translated as "townships", with zhèn being "urban" township,'with xiāng translated as "rural" township
Precipitation
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, sleet, snow and hail. Precipitation occurs when a portion of the atmosphere becomes saturated with water vapor, so that the water condenses and "precipitates", thus and mist are not precipitation but suspensions, because the water vapor does not condense sufficiently to precipitate. Two processes acting together, can lead to air becoming saturated: cooling the air or adding water vapor to the air. Precipitation forms as smaller droplets coalesce via collision with other rain drops or ice crystals within a cloud. Short, intense periods of rain in scattered locations are called "showers."Moisture, lifted or otherwise forced to rise over a layer of sub-freezing air at the surface may be condensed into clouds and rain. This process is active when freezing rain occurs. A stationary front is present near the area of freezing rain and serves as the foci for forcing and rising air.
Provided necessary and sufficient atmospheric moisture content, the moisture within the rising air will condense into clouds, namely stratus and cumulonimbus. The cloud droplets will grow large enough to form raindrops and descend toward the Earth where they will freeze on contact with exposed objects. Where warm water bodies are present, for example due to water evaporation from lakes, lake-effect snowfall becomes a concern downwind of the warm lakes within the cold cyclonic flow around the backside of extratropical cyclones. Lake-effect snowfall can be locally heavy. Thundersnow is possible within lake effect precipitation bands. In mountainous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized within windward sides of the terrain at elevation. On the leeward side of mountains, desert climates can exist due to the dry air caused by compressional heating. Most precipitation is caused by convection; the movement of the monsoon trough, or intertropical convergence zone, brings rainy seasons to savannah climes.
Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, is responsible for depositing the fresh water on the planet. 505,000 cubic kilometres of water falls as precipitation each year. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres, but over land it is only 715 millimetres. Climate classification systems such as the Köppen climate classification system use average annual rainfall to help differentiate between differing climate regimes. Precipitation may occur on other celestial bodies, e.g. when it gets cold, Mars has precipitation which most takes the form of frost, rather than rain or snow. Precipitation is a major component of the water cycle, is responsible for depositing most of the fresh water on the planet. 505,000 km3 of water falls as precipitation each year, 398,000 km3 of it over the oceans. Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres. Mechanisms of producing precipitation include convective and orographic rainfall.
Convective processes involve strong vertical motions that can cause the overturning of the atmosphere in that location within an hour and cause heavy precipitation, while stratiform processes involve weaker upward motions and less intense precipitation. Precipitation can be divided into three categories, based on whether it falls as liquid water, liquid water that freezes on contact with the surface, or ice. Mixtures of different types of precipitation, including types in different categories, can fall simultaneously. Liquid forms of precipitation include drizzle. Rain or drizzle that freezes on contact within a subfreezing air mass is called "freezing rain" or "freezing drizzle". Frozen forms of precipitation include snow, ice needles, ice pellets and graupel; the dew point is the temperature to which a parcel must be cooled in order to become saturated, condenses to water. Water vapor begins to condense on condensation nuclei such as dust and salt in order to form clouds. An elevated portion of a frontal zone forces broad areas of lift, which form clouds decks such as altostratus or cirrostratus.
Stratus is a stable cloud deck which tends to form when a cool, stable air mass is trapped underneath a warm air mass. It can form due to the lifting of advection fog during breezy conditions. There are four main mechanisms for cooling the air to its dew point: adiabatic cooling, conductive cooling, radiational cooling, evaporative cooling. Adiabatic cooling occurs when air expands; the air can rise due to convection, large-scale atmospheric motions, or a physical barrier such as a mountain. Conductive cooling occurs when the air comes into contact with a colder surface by being blown from one surface to another, for example from a liquid water surface to colder land. Radiational cooling occurs due to the emission of infrared radiation, either by the air or by the surface underneath. Evaporative cooling occurs when moisture is added to the air through evaporation, which forces the air temperature to cool to its wet-bulb temperature, or until it reaches saturation; the main ways water vapor is added to the air are: wind convergence into areas of upward motion, precipitation or virga falling from above, daytime heating evaporating water from the surface of oceans, water bodies or wet lan
China
China the People's Republic of China, is a country in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around 1.404 billion. Covering 9,600,000 square kilometers, it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area. Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities, the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. China emerged as one of the world's earliest civilizations, in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. For millennia, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, or dynasties, beginning with the semi-legendary Xia dynasty in 21st century BCE. Since China has expanded, re-unified numerous times. In the 3rd century BCE, the Qin established the first Chinese empire; the succeeding Han dynasty, which ruled from 206 BC until 220 AD, saw some of the most advanced technology at that time, including papermaking and the compass, along with agricultural and medical improvements.
The invention of gunpowder and movable type in the Tang dynasty and Northern Song completed the Four Great Inventions. Tang culture spread in Asia, as the new Silk Route brought traders to as far as Mesopotamia and Horn of Africa. Dynastic rule ended in 1912 with the Xinhai Revolution; the Chinese Civil War resulted in a division of territory in 1949, when the Communist Party of China established the People's Republic of China, a unitary one-party sovereign state on Mainland China, while the Kuomintang-led government retreated to the island of Taiwan. The political status of Taiwan remains disputed. Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978, China's economy has been one of the world's fastest-growing with annual growth rates above 6 percent. According to the World Bank, China's GDP grew from $150 billion in 1978 to $12.24 trillion by 2017. Since 2010, China has been the world's second-largest economy by nominal GDP and since 2014, the largest economy in the world by purchasing power parity.
China is the world's largest exporter and second-largest importer of goods. China is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world's largest standing army and second-largest defense budget; the PRC is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council as it replaced the ROC in 1971, as well as an active global partner of ASEAN Plus mechanism. China is a leading member of numerous formal and informal multilateral organizations, including the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, WTO, APEC, BRICS, the BCIM, the G20. In recent times, scholars have argued that it will soon be a world superpower, rivaling the United States; the word "China" has been used in English since the 16th century. It is not a word used by the Chinese themselves, it has been traced through Portuguese and Persian back to the Sanskrit word Cīna, used in ancient India."China" appears in Richard Eden's 1555 translation of the 1516 journal of the Portuguese explorer Duarte Barbosa. Barbosa's usage was derived from Persian Chīn, in turn derived from Sanskrit Cīna.
Cīna was first used including the Mahābhārata and the Laws of Manu. In 1655, Martino Martini suggested that the word China is derived from the name of the Qin dynasty. Although this derivation is still given in various sources, it is complicated by the fact that the Sanskrit word appears in pre-Qin literature; the word may have referred to a state such as Yelang. The meaning transferred to China as a whole; the origin of the Sanskrit word is still a matter of debate, according to the Oxford English Dictionary. The official name of the modern state is the "People's Republic of China"; the shorter form is "China" Zhōngguó, from zhōng and guó, a term which developed under the Western Zhou dynasty in reference to its royal demesne. It was applied to the area around Luoyi during the Eastern Zhou and to China's Central Plain before being used as an occasional synonym for the state under the Qing, it was used as a cultural concept to distinguish the Huaxia people from perceived "barbarians". The name Zhongguo is translated as "Middle Kingdom" in English.
Archaeological evidence suggests that early hominids inhabited China between 2.24 million and 250,000 years ago. The hominid fossils of Peking Man, a Homo erectus who used fire, were discovered in a cave at Zhoukoudian near Beijing; the fossilized teeth of Homo sapiens have been discovered in Fuyan Cave in Hunan. Chinese proto-writing existed in Jiahu around 7000 BCE, Damaidi around 6000 BCE, Dadiwan from 5800–5400 BCE, Banpo dating from the 5th millennium BCE; some scholars have suggested. According to Chinese tradition, the first dynasty was the Xia, which emerged around 2100 BCE; the dynasty was considered mythical by historians until scientific excavations found early Bronze Age sites at Erlitou, Henan in 1959. It remains unclear whether these sites are the remains of the Xia dynasty or of another culture from the same period; the succeeding Shang dynasty is the earliest to be confirmed by contemporary records. The Shang ruled the plain of the Yellow River in eastern China from the 17th to the 11th century BCE.
Their oracle bone script
Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin abbreviated to pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Chinese in mainland China and to some extent in Taiwan. It is used to teach Standard Mandarin Chinese, written using Chinese characters; the system includes four diacritics denoting tones. Pinyin without tone marks is used to spell Chinese names and words in languages written with the Latin alphabet, in certain computer input methods to enter Chinese characters; the pinyin system was developed in the 1950s by many linguists, including Zhou Youguang, based on earlier forms of romanizations of Chinese. It was published by revised several times; the International Organization for Standardization adopted pinyin as an international standard in 1982, was followed by the United Nations in 1986. The system was adopted as the official standard in Taiwan in 2009, where it is used for international events rather than for educational or computer-input purposes, but "some cities and organizations, notably in the south of Taiwan, did not accept this", so it remains one of several rival romanization systems in use.
The word Hànyǔ means'the spoken language of the Han people', while Pīnyīn means'spelled sounds'. In 1605, the Jesuit missionary Matteo Ricci published Xizi Qiji in Beijing; this was the first book to use the Roman alphabet to write the Chinese language. Twenty years another Jesuit in China, Nicolas Trigault, issued his Xi Ru Ermu Zi at Hangzhou. Neither book had much immediate impact on the way in which Chinese thought about their writing system, the romanizations they described were intended more for Westerners than for the Chinese. One of the earliest Chinese thinkers to relate Western alphabets to Chinese was late Ming to early Qing dynasty scholar-official, Fang Yizhi; the first late Qing reformer to propose that China adopt a system of spelling was Song Shu. A student of the great scholars Yu Yue and Zhang Taiyan, Song had been to Japan and observed the stunning effect of the kana syllabaries and Western learning there; this galvanized him into activity on a number of fronts, one of the most important being reform of the script.
While Song did not himself create a system for spelling Sinitic languages, his discussion proved fertile and led to a proliferation of schemes for phonetic scripts. The Wade–Giles system was produced by Thomas Wade in 1859, further improved by Herbert Giles in the Chinese–English Dictionary of 1892, it was popular and used in English-language publications outside China until 1979. In the early 1930s, Communist Party of China leaders trained in Moscow introduced a phonetic alphabet using Roman letters, developed in the Soviet Oriental Institute of Leningrad and was intended to improve literacy in the Russian Far East; this Sin Wenz or "New Writing" was much more linguistically sophisticated than earlier alphabets, but with the major exception that it did not indicate tones of Chinese. In 1940, several thousand members attended a Border Region Sin Wenz Society convention. Mao Zedong and Zhu De, head of the army, both contributed their calligraphy for the masthead of the Sin Wenz Society's new journal.
Outside the CCP, other prominent supporters included Sun Fo. Over thirty journals soon appeared written in Sin Wenz, plus large numbers of translations, some contemporary Chinese literature, a spectrum of textbooks. In 1940, the movement reached an apex when Mao's Border Region Government declared that the Sin Wenz had the same legal status as traditional characters in government and public documents. Many educators and political leaders looked forward to the day when they would be universally accepted and replace Chinese characters. Opposition arose, because the system was less well adapted to writing regional languages, therefore would require learning Mandarin. Sin Wenz fell into relative disuse during the following years. In 1943, the U. S. military engaged Yale University to develop a romanization of Mandarin Chinese for its pilots flying over China. The resulting system is close to pinyin, but does not use English letters in unfamiliar ways. Medial semivowels are written with y and w, apical vowels with r or z.
Accent marks are used to indicate tone. Pinyin was created by Chinese linguists, including Zhou Youguang, as part of a Chinese government project in the 1950s. Zhou is called "the father of pinyin," Zhou worked as a banker in New York when he decided to return to China to help rebuild the country after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, he became an economics professor in Shanghai, in 1955, when China's Ministry of Education created a Committee for the Reform of the Chinese Written Language, Premier Zhou Enlai assigned Zhou Youguang the task of developing a new romanization system, despite the fact that he was not a professional linguist. Hanyu Pinyin was based on several existing systems: Gwoyeu Romatzyh of 1928, Latinxua Sin Wenz of 1931, the diacritic markings from zhuyin. "I'm not the father of pinyin," Zhou said years later. It's a lo
Chaoyang District, Changchun
Chaoyang District is one of six districts of Changchun, the capital of Jilin province, People's Republic of China. It borders the districts of Luyuan and Kuancheng to the north, Nanguan to the east, as well as the prefecture-level city of Siping to the south and west. There are 11 subdistricts, 2 towns, 2 townships. Subdistricts: Nanhu Subdistrict, Hongqi Subdistrict, Mengjia Subdistrict, Baiju Subdistrict, Jianshe Subdistrict, Yongchang Subdistrict, Chongqing Subdistrict, Guilin Subdistrict, Kuanping Subdistrict, Huxi Subdistrict, Qinghe Subdistrict Towns: Datun, Leshan Townships: Shuangde Township, Yongchun Township
Yanbian University of Science and Technology
The Yanbian University of Science and Technology colloquially known as Yankeda, is a research university in the city of Yanji, China. YUST is the first Chinese joint-venture university in the Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture. 1990.01 A foundation for the Chinese-Korean Technology University is established and registered in the United States. 1990.03 The three-year technical college becomes a four-year technology university. 1991.03 The Jilin Province Board of Education ratifies the establishment of the university. 1991.04 The YUST Supporters’ Committee is approved by the South Korean Foreign Affairs Department. 1991.06 The Chinese National Board of Education ratifies the establishment of the university. 1992.06 The university and the Chinese National Institute of Science and Technology ratify the Yanbian Mid & Long Range Land Development Plan 1992.09 The university is renamed Yanbian University of Science and Technology. The Industrial Technology Training School, an auxiliary branch of YUST, is established.
The main buildings and the academic buildings are finished. 1993.04 A committee for development and promotion is organized. 1993.07 The first graduation ceremony of the Industrial Information Training Institute is held. 1993.09 A four-year college and a two-year college of YUST start classes. The East Asia Technology Training Institute is founded; the second opening ceremony for the Kia Training Institute is held. Construction of the cafeteria and dormitory are completed. 1993.10 An academic exchange program is established with Yonsei University. 1994.04 An academic exchange program is established with Songsil University. 1994.09 The four-year college, the two-year college, the East Asia and Kia Training Institutes enroll new students for the second year. An academic exchange program is established with Hanyang University. 1995.02 An academic exchange program is established with Postech. 1995.05 An academic exchange program is established with InJe University. 1995.07 59 students of the two-year college and 77 trainees of the training institute graduate.
1995.09 The Korean Language Department is established. Tennis and basketball courts are constructed beside the athletic field. Second dormitory construction starts. 1995.11 An academic exchange program is established with CUST. 1995.12 The Yanbian Information and Culture Public Relations, belonging to Continuing Education, is founded. The goal is to use living things directly and indirectly and to teach processes and steps that produce and process materials people need, including microorganisms and animal and plant cells; the goal is to teach chemical process and technology and to train technical experts in process design. The situation in China indicates that the information taught by the Chemical Process and Technology Department is important; the department trains students to engage in science research in the field of chemical technology, delicate chemistry, light industry and environment protection. The main goal is to educate competitive students with comprehensive knowledge of interdisciplinary subjects such as materials and mechanical processing and automatic control.
The students will build creative design capability in computers and foreign languages, will be international business minded and good traders with a pioneer spirit and venture consciousness. The department develops knowledge for manufacturing new products, it trains experts who can use software and hardware. The goal is to train advanced experts; the department teaches subjects in information management and transmission that include multimedia information and technology of electronic communication engineering. Students learn basic theory of communication engineering technology through practicing communication engineering projects in the lab, they learn the technology of designing communication networks and the operation of relaying devices as well as the technology of designing communication networks and the operation of relaying devices. The division is established for continuation and development of Korean architectural culture in China by introducing emerging trends of modern architecture.
The school started with 17 students in September 1996. In September 2000 the department got permission to confer bachelor's degrees in Architecture; the school comprises 160 students. School of Business consists of the departments of Management Information Systems and International Economics and Trade. More than 25 faculty members from South Korea, the United States. Germany, China and Taiwan are teaching business courses. Students are expected to learn practical knowledge in global business environment. Competency in computer and information technology. Fluency in English and Chinese are expected for all students. Students are expected to develop leadership characters based on openness; the Business School provides intensive learning experience based on close relationship of professors and students through high ratio of professor and students at less than 1:15. The school emphasize practical business sense and global mind through education systems; the students are mandated to have hands-on experience in business through the internship and training programs.
The students have many opportunities to be exposed to different cultures. More than 25% of the students have opportun
Dongjak-gu, Seoul of South Korea (1968)[3]
