Dyslexia known as reading disorder, is characterized by trouble with reading despite normal intelligence. Different people are affected to varying degrees. Problems may include difficulties in spelling words, reading writing words, "sounding out" words in the head, pronouncing words when reading aloud and understanding what one reads; these difficulties are first noticed at school. When someone who could read loses their ability, it is known as "alexia"; the difficulties are involuntary and people with this disorder have a normal desire to learn. People with dyslexia have higher rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental language disorders, difficulties with numbers. Dyslexia is believed to be caused by the interaction of environmental factors; some cases run in families. Dyslexia that develops due to a traumatic brain injury, stroke, or dementia is called "acquired dyslexia"; the underlying mechanisms of dyslexia are problems within the brain's language processing. Dyslexia is diagnosed through a series of tests of memory, vision and reading skills.

Dyslexia is separate from reading difficulties caused by hearing or vision problems or by insufficient teaching or opportunity to learn. Treatment involves adjusting teaching methods to meet the person's needs. While not curing the underlying problem, it may decrease the impact of symptoms. Treatments targeting vision are not effective. Dyslexia occurs in all areas of the world, it affects 3–7% of the population, however, up to 20% of the general population may have some degree of symptoms. While dyslexia is more diagnosed in men, it has been suggested that it affects men and women equally; some believe that dyslexia should be best considered as a different way of learning, with both benefits and downsides. Dyslexia is divided into acquired forms; this article is about developmental dyslexia, i.e. dyslexia that begins in early childhood. Acquired dyslexia occurs subsequent to neurological insult, such as traumatic brain injury or stroke. People with acquired dyslexia exhibit some of the signs or symptoms of the developmental disorder, but requiring different assessment strategies and treatment approaches.

In early childhood, symptoms that correlate with a diagnosis of dyslexia include delayed onset of speech and a lack of phonological awareness. A common myth associates dyslexia with mirror writing and reading letters or words backwards; these behaviors are seen in many children as they learn to read and write, are not considered to be defining characteristics of dyslexia. School-age children with dyslexia may exhibit signs of difficulty in identifying or generating rhyming words, or counting the number of syllables in words–both of which depend on phonological awareness, they may show difficulty in segmenting words into individual sounds or may blend sounds when producing words, indicating reduced phonemic awareness. Difficulties with word retrieval or naming things is associated with dyslexia. People with dyslexia are poor spellers, a feature sometimes called dysorthographia or dysgraphia, which depends on orthographic coding. Problems persist into adolescence and adulthood and may include difficulties with summarizing stories, reading aloud, or learning foreign languages.

Adults with dyslexia can read with good comprehension, though they tend to read more than others without a learning difficulty and perform worse in spelling tests or when reading nonsense words–a measure of phonological awareness. Dyslexia co-occurs with other learning disorders, but the reasons for this comorbidity have not been identified; these associated disabilities include: Dysgraphia: A disorder involving difficulties with writing or typing, sometimes due to problems with eye–hand coordination. In dyslexia, dysgraphia is multifactorial, due to impaired letter-writing automaticity and elaborative difficulties, impaired visual word forming, which makes it more difficult to retrieve the visual picture of words required for spelling. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A disorder characterized by problems sustaining attention, hyperactivity, or acting impulsively. Dyslexia and ADHD occur together. 15% or 12–24% of people with dyslexia have ADHD. Auditory processing disorder: A listening disorder that affects the ability to process auditory information.

This can lead to problems with auditory auditory sequencing. Many people with dyslexia have auditory processing problems, may develop their own logographic cues to compensate for this type of deficit; some research suggests. Developmental coordination disorder: A neurological condition characterized by difficulty in carrying out routine tasks involving balance, fine-motor control, kinesthetic coordination, difficulty in the use of speech sounds, problems with short-term memory, organization. Researchers have been trying to find the neurobiological basis of dyslexia since the condition was first identified in 1881. For example, some have tried to associate the common problem among people with dyslexia of not being able to see letters to abnormal development of their visual nerve cells. Neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, have shown a correlation between both functional and structural differences in the brains of children with reading difficulties.

Some people with dyslexi

Charles Zadok was an American businessman, art collector and patron. Zadok was born on August 1896 in Thessaloniki, Greece. In 1922, Portuguese and 25 years old, arrived in Ellis Island, after having lived in Paris, where he was a merchant, the son of Mr Zadok of 38 N. D. de Lorette, Paris. Zadok joined Gimbels in 1929, was vice president of expansion from 1956 until his retirement in the 1970s, his art collection included work by André Derain, Joan Miró, Pierre Bonnard, Fernand Léger, Rufino Tamayo, Raoul Dufy, Wassily Kandinsky, Marc Chagall, Robert Delaunay, Pablo Picasso, Marcel Gromaire, Gérard Schneider, Jean Bazaine, Massimo Campigli, Ottone Rosai, Giorgio Morandi, Mario Sironi. In 1956, there was an exhibition, The collection of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Zadok at the Milwaukee Art Museum, a book was published of the works shown, he was married to Eugenia Balkin "Genia" Zadok, born in Vilno, Poland. In 1935, they were living in New York City, but by 1940, had moved to Shorewood Village, Wisconsin.

Zadok died at his home in Manhattan on April 7, 1984, aged 87

Expecting a Miracle is a Hallmark Channel original movie that premiered Saturday, January 10, 2009. The movie stars Jason Priestley, Teri Polo, Cheech Marin, it is directed by Steve Gomer, is based on the short story "The Miracle of Dommatina" by Ira Avery. Pete and Donna Stanhope are a young married couple living in L. A. who are trying to conceive a child. When they discover they are unable to have children due to medical issues, their marriage begins to crumble, they decide to go on wind up stranded in a small village in Mexico due to car troubles. They meet the charming young boy Pepillo, crippled in an accident years before that killed his parents. Juan tries to fix the car. In the meantime, Pete helps Father Arturo prepare for the annual fiesta, to occur in just a few days' time; the main event of the fiesta involves a rickety old lever and pulley system wherein one lucky village child can "fly" around the plaza square. The source of the tradition dates to the village's local saint, said to have come to Dommatina many years ago and have been befriended by a young crippled boy when no one else would speak to him.

As thanks for his kindness, the saint turned the boy into a dove, who flew around the plaza square three times, turned him back into a boy. Upon resuming human form the boy was miraculously cured, it is Pepillo's turn this year to fly, he confides in Pete his belief that the saint will cure him after his flight. Trouble ensues. Pete builds a new safer machine, he sacrifices the car part that had arrived so that a crucial central axis part will work. Pepillo gets his chance to fly. Pete and Donna worry about how disappointed Pepillo will be when he is not cured after his flight, they agree to use their fertility treatment money to pay for a doctor and surgery for Pepillo instead. However, during the flight Pepillo urges Father Arturo and a local villager to make the flying machine go faster and higher, straining it beyond its capabilities. Pepillo hits his hip on the statue of the saint; when he comes to, his leg is miraculously cured. Pete and Donna vow that they have just witnessed a miracle—and promise to still bring Pepillo to the U.

S. to "make sure his miracle stays a miracle." Upon returning home and Donna have decided to adopt a child and are filling out paperwork. Although Pete did not think that he could love another child as his own, knowing Pepillo has changed him. However, Donna experiences heartburn and takes one last pregnancy test and finds out that against all odds she is pregnant. Jason Priestley as Pete Stanhope Teri Polo as Donna Stanhope Shalim Ortiz as Juan Rebeka Montoya as Magdalena Cheech Marin as Father Arturo Kevin Hernandez as Pepillo Expecting a Miracle ranked as the #1 cable program of the night, #1 cable movie of the week, boosted Hallmark Channel to rank #1 in Prime Time for the day; the movie scored a 2.8 household rating with 2.4 million homes, over 3 million total viewers and more than 4.2 million unduplicated viewers. Star magazine gave the film one and a half stars, calling it "a goopy feel-good movie," and saying "it's enough to take your mind off how terrible an actor Priestley is." Expecting a Miracle on Hallmark Channel Expecting a Miracle on IMDb

Hi-5 House is an Australian children's television series, a spin-off of the original Hi-5 series, which aired on the Nine Network in Australia from 1999 to 2011, created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans. The series stars the children’s musical group Hi-5, with the spin-off being created to continue the concept with a refreshed appeal, after the brand was sold by the Nine Network in 2012; the program is known for educational content. Hi-5 House premiered on 4 November 2013 on Nick Jr. Australia; the series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music and play. Music is an integral part of the series with the band's pop appeal resonating in the program; the segments of the show are based on an educational model. Julie Greene served as the executive producer for the program, having worked as a series producer on the original show; the cast is composed of Lauren Brant, Mary Lascaris, Ainsley Melham, Stevie Nicholson and Dayen Zheng.

Brant was replaced by Tanika Anderson for the two series. Hi-5 House received an Asian Television Award for Best Preschool Program in 2015; the third and final series was made available worldwide on Netflix on 25 March 2016. Hi-5 House concluded as a result of the Nine Network renewing its partnership with the Hi-5 franchise in October 2016 with plans to revive the original program with a new cast in 2017. Hi-5 House is a variety-style series for pre-schoolers which incorporates educational trends with a pop music appeal; the premise remains similar to its predecessor series Hi-5, employing central themes of exploration and discovery of the world. The show's five cast members are collectively known as Hi-5, present individual segments as well as performing songs as a group; the set of Hi-5 House is designed as a house, presented as a place where the cast all live together and present the show, while being an environment which children can relate to. Each presenter’s segment is adapted to take place in a room of the house, to replicate a child’s immediate learning surroundings.

Each episode features each cast member present their own individual segment, modelled towards a particular learning style based on Howard Gardner's Theory of multiple intelligences, which recognises that each child learns in a different way. Puzzles and Patterns has a focus on logical thinking and mathematics, with a puppet named Jup Jup used as a tool for the presenter to complete puzzles or solve problems. Musicality is explored through the Making Music segment, with an emphasis on pitch, beat and using a variety of real and pretend instruments; the presenter of Body Move encourages children to participate in movement and dance, developing physical coordination and motor development. Linguistics and aural skills are at the centre of the Word Play segment, featuring a puppet named Chatterbox who assists in the discovery of language through stories and rhymes. Shapes in Space focuses on visual and spatial awareness, with the presenter exploring shapes and everyday materials such as boxes and playdough.

The final segment in which the cast comes together is entitled Sharing Stories, where a story is told to explore interpersonal relationships and emotions. The episodes are bookended with a Song of the Week. An additional new segment, The Chatterbox, focuses on learning of the English language through simple words and phrases, featuring the puppet of the same name teaching a toy robot named Tinka how to speak. Lauren Brant Mary Lascaris Ainsley Melham Stevie Nicholson Dayen Zheng Tanika Anderson The original Hi-5 premiered on the Nine Network in 1999, created by television producer Helena Harris and co-producer Posie Graeme-Evans, who developed the preschool entertainment series; the program was a success, running for thirteen series, receiving a total of three Logie Television Awards, two for Most Outstanding Children's Program in 2000 and 2001 and one for Most Outstanding Children's Preschool Program in 2004. The series concluded its run on the Nine Network in 2011 as a result of the Hi-5 brand being acquired by Asian equity group Asiasons in 2012, following Nine's ongoing financial difficulties.

In June 2013, executive producer Julie Greene announced that the franchise would be producing a revamped series, a spin-off to be titled Hi-5 House. Greene explained that the new series would be set in a house, stating that it would depict “a group of friends living together under one space and having some fun, close-by and all under one roof.” She described the change as a “new energy” for the television show. Greene had worked on the original program as a series producer, before becoming the brand's executive creative director in 2012; the first series of Hi-5 House was filmed at Infinite Studios in Singapore from August to October 2013, premiered on pay-TV channel Nick Jr. in Australia on 4 November 2013. Greene described the production of the series as “building a show from scratch”. Live action segments featuring children were filmed on location at Singapore Zoo and Sentosa, to add the essence of Singapore to the series; the second series was filmed at KRU Studios in Malaysia from April to June 2014 and premiered on 6 October on Nick Jr, celebrating fifteen years of Hi-5 on Australian television.

The series won an Asian Television Award for Best Preschool Program in 2015. The third series was filmed in Malaysia from March to May 2015; this series premiered on 25 March 2016 on online television streaming service Netf

James Paul Smagula is an American actor. He is best known for his work in television series such as The Sopranos, Grey's Anatomy and Recreation, Rizzoli & Isles as well as films, including The Island and The Producers. Smagula grew up in Lyndhurst, New Jersey and graduated from Lyndhurst High School in 1993; as a child, he was active in music, playing piano and clarinet and taking private voice lessons. He auditioned for, was accepted into, the acclaimed City Kids Repertory company in New York City at age 15 where he shared the stage with such artists as Whitney Houston, Gloria Estefan, Demi Moore, he went on to earn a BFA at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts in 1997 where he studied at both CAP 21 and The Classical Studio. Smagula made is professional acting debut at age 20 in the Papermill Playhouse production of Man of La Mancha, he appeared in the American premiere of Children of Eden at Papermill Playhouse. Smagula sings on that production's cast album. Smagula appeared in the ensemble and performed the role of The Beadle in Sweeney Todd at the Ahamanson Theater with Kelsey Grammer and Christine Baranski and played The Beadle at the Signature Theater in Arlington, VA, starring Norm Lewis.

Smagula made his Broadway debut at age 24 in the ensemble of The Full Monty. He performed the principal role of Dave Bukatinsky over 3 dozen times, opposite both Patrick Wilson and Will Chase. In 2002, he appeared in the Broadway revival of Man of La Mancha starring Brian Stokes Mitchell. Smagula played Ubaldo Piangi on the National Tour of The Phantom of the Opera and would play the role on Broadway for one year. In 2005, Smagula appeared as Sal Iacuzzo on HBO's The Sopranos, he appeared in the film The Island, directed by Michael Bay and The Producers movie musical. In 2008, Smagula starred as Rocky in the Encores production of Damn Yankees! starring Sean Hayes and Jane Krakowski at New York City's City Center. Ben Brantley of the New York Times said Smagula "harmonizes sweetly" on the iconic song "Heart."Smagula appeared in Manhattan Theatre Club's production of To Be or Not To Be at the Friedman Theater on Broadway, directed by Casey Nicholaw. He played a 10-week stint as Chef Louis in Disney's The Little Mermaid on Broadway and, in 2010, joined the Broadway company of Billy Elliot, where he performed the principal role of George over 50 times.

He appeared in the film Step Up 3D in 2010. From 2011 to 2016, Smagula appeared in television shows including Hot in Cleveland, Grey's Anatomy, Betty White's Off Their Rockers and Recreation, Sam and Cat, Brooklyn Nine-Nine and Isles, Bones. In 2017, Smagula will play John Woodburn in the film Rebel in the Rye and directed by Danny Strong and starring Kevin Spacey and Nicholas Hoult

Lalmohan Ganguly, alias Jatayu, is a fictional character in the Feluda stories written by Satyajit Ray. He is quite weak and nervous in real life, he is wealthy due to the immense sales of his books. His crime fiction stories have interesting names characterised by alliterations like'Sahara-ey Shiharan','Vancouver-er Vampire','Honduras-e Hahakar','Durdharsh Dushman','Himalaye Hritkampo','Atlantic-er Atanka','Anobik Danob','Naroker Naam Karakoram','Bidghute Bodmash','Arokto Arab' etc; the names of several Feluda stories exhibit this feature, for example'Joto Kando Kathmandute','Royal Bengal Rahasya','Robertson-er Ruby','Gosaipur Sargaram','Bombay-er Bombetey' etc. The detective of Jatayu's novel, Prakhar Rudra, is a character with incredible power. Lalmohan's grandfather gave his name "Sarbogya Gongopadhyay" but Lalmohan does not use that name, he first meets Feluda in the story Sonar Kella and from on he accompanies Feluda and Topshe on all their major adventures. He collects weapons but is reluctant to use them.

Weapons collected by him during different adventures include boomerang, smoke bomb and a pestle etc. His whole demeanour is of hilarity and he provides the comic relief in the stories, he has a history with the villain Maganlal Meghraj who had a circus performer throw knives at him in Joi Baba Felunath and fed him the drug LSD in Jato Kando Kathmandutey. The last time Jatayu met. In the Feluda adventures he is a great source of comic relief. However, his qualities improve with time and with his association with Feluda makes him more knowledgeable and intelligent. In the movie version of the first story, Sonar Kella, the criminal Mandar Bose escapes due to the folly of Jatayu, but in the stories we find Jatayu being of great help to Feluda in his work. Jatayu is a fan of Baikuntha Mallick, a teacher in Athenaeum Institution, a poet. Jatayu recites his poems, which are a source of comedy due to their peculiarity. Jatayu walks two miles daily to keep fit, refers to encyclopaedia for writing novels.

He owns three houses. He loves travelling. In the first two movies on Feluda, the character of Jatayu was played by eminent actor cum advocate Santosh Dutta, due to his performance, Satyajit Ray's stories on Feluda had Jatayu adapting himself to the looks and mannerisms of Santosh Dutta. Bombaiyer Bombete, Kailashey Kelenkari & Tintorettor Jishu saw Jatayu being played by Bibhu Bhattacharya. Rabi Ghosh played the role in the telefilm Baksho Rohoshyo. Jatayu has had been filmed at different times, with the character been played by Late Santosh Dutta, Late Rabi Ghosh, Late Anup Kumar and Late Bibhu Bhattacharya. A published book on Jatayu, provides a comprehensive and elaborate analysis of this lovable character and brings him to life