Henninger Turm
Henninger Turm was a grain storage silo located in the Sachsenhausen-Süd district of Frankfurt, Germany. It had a storage capacity of 16,000 tons of barley; the 120 m, 33-storey, reinforced concrete tower was designed by Karl Lieser and was built from 1959 to 1961. It was inaugurated on 18 May 1961, it was demolished in 2013. Until 1974 it was the tallest building in Frankfurt. On top of the building was a barrel-like pod which contained a viewing platform and a revolving restaurant. On October 2002, the tower was closed to the public. From 1961 to 2008, the annual professional cycling race Rund um den Henninger-Turm was held on 1 May, the course circling the tower multiple times. In November 2012, it was announced that Henninger Turm would be demolished because it was too costly and uneconomic for renovation. Demolition was completed by the end of the year. On its site a new 140 m tall residential tower was built; the design was inspired by the old Henninger Turm. It contains 209 luxury apartments.
The cornerstone for this project was laid in June 2014 and the tower was completed in summer 2017. List of towers Schapfen Mill Tower, a 115-meter silo near Ulm
Road bicycle racing
Road bicycle racing is the cycle sport discipline of road cycling, held on paved roads. Road racing is the most popular professional form of bicycle racing, in terms of numbers of competitors and spectators; the two most common competition formats are mass start events, where riders start and race to set finish point. Stage races or "tours" take multiple days, consist of several mass-start or time-trial stages ridden consecutively. Professional racing has been most popular in Western Europe, centered on France, Spain and the Low Countries. Since the mid-1980s the sport has diversified with professional races now held on all continents of the globe. Semi-professional and amateur races are held in many countries; the sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale. As well as the UCI's annual World Championships for men and women, the biggest event is the Tour de France, a three-week race that can attract over 500,000 roadside supporters a day. Road racing in its modern form originated in the late 19th century.
It began as an organized sport in 1868. The sport was popular in the western European countries of France, Spain and Italy, some of those earliest road bicycle races remain among the sport's biggest events; these early races include Liège–Bastogne–Liège, Paris–Roubaix, the Tour de France, the Milan–San Remo and Giro di Lombardia, the Giro d'Italia, the Volta a Catalunya, the Tour of Flanders. They provided a template for other races around the world. Cycling has been part of the Summer Olympic Games since the modern sequence started in Athens in 1896; the most competitive and devoted countries since the beginning of 20th century were Belgium and Italy road cycling spread in Colombia, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal and Switzerland after World War II. However nowadays as the sport grows in popularity through globalization, countries such as Kazakhstan, Russia, South Africa, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Ireland and the United States continue to produce world-class cyclists. Single-day race distances may be as long as 180 miles.
Courses may run from place to comprise one or more laps of a circuit. Races over short circuits in town or city centres, are known as criteriums; some races, known as handicaps, ages. Individual time trial is an event in which cyclists race alone against the clock on flat or rolling terrain, or up a mountain road. A team time trial, including two-man team time trial, is a road-based bicycle race in which teams of cyclists race against the clock. In both team and individual time trials, the cyclists start the race at different times so that each start is fair and equal. Unlike individual time trials where competitors are not permitted to'draft' behind each other, in team time trials, riders in each team employ this as their main tactic, each member taking a turn at the front while teammates'sit in' behind. Race distances vary from a few km to between 20 miles and 60 miles. Stage races consist of stages, ridden consecutively; the competitor with the lowest cumulative time to complete all stages is declared the overall, or general classification, winner.
Stage races may have other classifications and awards, such as individual stage winners, the points classification winner, the "King of the Mountains" winner. A stage race can be a series of road races and individual time trials; the stage winner is the first person to cross the finish line that day or the time trial rider with the lowest time on the course. The overall winner of a stage race is the rider who takes the lowest aggregate time to complete all stages. Three-week stage races are called Grand Tours; the professional road bicycle racing calendar includes three Grand Tours - the Giro d'Italia, the Tour de France, the Vuelta a Espana. Ultra-distance cycling races are long single stage events where the race clock continuously runs from start to finish, they last several days and the riders take breaks on their own schedules, with the winner being the first one to cross the finish line. Among the best-known ultramarathons is the Race Across America, a coast-to-coast non-stop, single-stage race in which riders cover 3,000 miles in about a week.
The race is sanctioned by the UltraMarathon Cycling Association. RAAM and similar events allow racers to be supported by a team of staff. A number of tactics are employed to reach the objective of a race; this objective is being the first to cross the finish line in the case of a single-stage race, clocking the least aggr
Armand Desmet
Armand Desmet was a Belgian professional road bicycle racer. Desmet was born in Waregem, competed professionally between 1955 and 1967, he was the first winner of the E3 Prijs Rund um den Henninger-Turm. In the Vuelta a España, Desmet finished 2nd place after leading the general classification for several days. Desmet rode with the Faema team between 1961 and 1963) and Solo Superia between 1964 and 1966) and was part of the "red guard" of Rik Van Looy. Armand Desmet at Cycling Archives Official Tour de France results for Armand Desmet
Ford France (cycling team)
Ford France was a French professional cycling team that existed from 1965 to 1966. The team's main sponsor was a subsidiary of the American automaker Ford Motor Company; the team had two different co-sponsors for both seasons, bicycle manufacturer Gitane and tire manufacturer Hutchinson SA, respectively. Media related to Ford France at Wikimedia Commons
Paris–Roubaix
The Paris–Roubaix is a one-day professional men's bicycle road race in northern France, starting north of Paris and finishing in Roubaix, at the border with Belgium. It is one of cycling's oldest races, is one of the'Monuments' or classics of the European calendar, contributes points towards the UCI World Ranking; the most recent edition was held on 8 April 2018. The Paris–Roubaix is famous for rough terrain and cobblestones, or pavé, with the Tour of Flanders, E3 Harelbeke and Gent–Wevelgem, one of the cobbled classics, it has been called the Hell of the North, a Sunday in Hell, the Queen of the Classics or la Pascale: the Easter race. Since 1977, the winner of Paris–Roubaix has received a sett as part of his prize; the terrain has led to the development of specialised frames and tyres. Punctures and other mechanical problems are common and influence the result. Despite the esteem of the race, some cyclists dismiss it because of its difficult conditions; the race has seen several controversies, with winners disqualified.
From its beginning in 1896 until 1967 it ended in Roubaix. The finish is still in Roubaix; the race is organised by the media group Amaury Sport Organisation annually in mid-April. The course is maintained by Les Amis de Paris–Roubaix, a group of fans of the race formed in 1983; the forçats du pavé seek to keep the course safe for riders. Paris–Roubaix is one of the oldest races of professional road cycling, it has stopped only for the two world wars. The race was created by Théodore Vienne and Maurice Perez, they had been behind the building of a velodrome on 46,000 square metres at the corner of the rue Verte and the route d'Hempempont, which opened on 9 June 1895. Vienne and Perez held several meetings on the track, one including the first appearance in France by the American sprinter Major Taylor, looked for further ideas. In February 1896 they hit on the idea of holding a race from Paris to their track; this presented two problems. The first was that the biggest races started or ended in Paris and that Roubaix might be too provincial a destination.
The second was that they could organize the finish but not both. They spoke to the editor of Le Vélo, the only French daily sports paper. Minart was enthusiastic but said the decision of whether the paper would organize the start and provide publicity belonged to the director, Paul Rousseau. Minart may have suggested an indirect approach because the mill owners recommended their race not on its own merits, but as preparation for another, they wrote: Dear M. Rousseau, Bordeaux–Paris is approaching and this great annual event which has done so much to promote cycling has given us an idea. What would you think of a training race which preceded Bordeaux–Paris by four weeks? The distance between Paris and Roubaix is 280km, so it would be child's play for the future participants of Bordeaux–Paris; the finish would take place at the Roubaix vélodrome after several laps of the track. Everyone would be assured of an enthusiastic welcome as most of our citizens have never had the privilege of seeing the spectacle of a major road race and we count on enough friends to believe that Roubaix is a hospitable town.
As prizes we have subscribed to a first prize of 1,000 francs in the name of the Roubaix velodrome and we will be busy establishing a generous prize list which will be to the satisfaction of all. But for the moment, can we count on the patronage of Le Vélo and on your support for organising the start? The proposed first prize represented seven months' wages for a miner at the time. Rousseau sent his cycling editor, Victor Breyer, to find a route. Breyer travelled to Amiens in a Panhard driven by Paul Meyan; the following morning Breyer — deputy organiser of the Tour de France and a leading official of the Union Cycliste Internationale - continued by bike. The wind blew, the rain fell and the temperature dropped. Breyer exhausted after a day of riding on cobbles, he swore he would send a telegram to Minart urging him to drop the idea, saying it was dangerous to send a race the way he had just ridden. But that evening a meal and drinks with the team from Roubaix changed his mind. Vienne and Perez scheduled their race for Easter Sunday.
The Roman Catholic Church objected to it being held on the most sacred day of the liturgical year, suggesting that riders would not have time to attend mass and that spectators might not bother to attend either. Tracts were distributed in Roubaix decrying the venture. What happened. Legend says that Vienne and Perez promised a mass would be said for the riders in a chapel 200m from the start, in the boulevard Maillot; this story is repeated by Pascal Sergent, the historian of the race, by Pierre Chany, historian of the sport in general. Sergent goes as far as saying that Victor Breyer, who he says was there, said the service, scheduled for 4 am, was cancelled because it was too early. Neither Chany nor Sergent mentions if the date of the race was subsequently changed, however the first Paris–Roubaix was held on 19 April 1896, whereas Easter Sunday in 1896 occurred two weeks earlier, on the 5 April; the first Paris–Roubaix on Easter Sunday was the next year, 1897. News of Breyer's ride to Roubaix may have spread.
Half those who entered did not turn up at the Brassérie de l'Espérance, the race headquarters at the start. Those who dropped out befor
EuroEyes Cyclassics
The EuroEyes Cyclassics HEW Cyclassics and Vattenfall Cyclassics, is an annual one-day professional and amateur cycling race in and around Hamburg, Germany. Although the route varies, its distance is always around 250 km; the course's most significant difficulty is Waseberg hill in Blankenese, addressed three times in the race finale. Until 2016 it was Germany's only event on the UCI World Tour calendar, before the inclusion of Eschborn-Frankfurt – Rund um den Finanzplatz in 2017; the race is organized by IRONMAN Unlimited Events Germany GmbH, which organizes the annual Velothon Berlin. An important part of the Cyclassics is the Jedermannrennen, an amateur/cyclosportif event held on the same day and on the same roads as the professional race. Bike fanatics can participate in amateur tour races over 100 km and 155 km; the number of participants is limited to 22.000 amateurs and tickets must be reserved months in advance. The event was created in 1996 as the lowest classification of professional races.
The first edition was its shortest totaling just 160 km, won by Italian Rossano Brasi. HEW, Hamburg's Electricity Works, served as the race's title sponsor. In 1997 Jan Ullrich won the second edition amid hordes of fans, two weeks after winning the Tour de France, the race gained prestige fast. With cycling's fast-growing popularity in Germany in the 1990s, the race became part of the UCI Road World Cup in 1998, cycling's ten highest-classified one-day races, it replaced the Wincanton Classic, Britain's only cycling classic, as the seventh leg of the World Cup. Dutchman Leon van Bon outsprinted Michele Bartoli to win the third edition. Erik Zabel was the second German winner of the HEW Cyclassics in 2001. In 2002, Belgian classics specialist Johan Museeuw won his eleventh and last World Cup race, leading out the sprint from a group of ten. In 2002, race sponsor HEW was overtaken by Swedish electricity conglomerate Vattenfall and was renamed Vattenfall Europe Hamburg. Vattenfall, Swedish for Waterfall, became the race's new title sponsor in 2006.
In 2005, the race was included in the inaugural UCI ProTour, successor of the World Cup. After the disappearance of the Deutschland Tour in 2009, it remained the only German race at cycling's highest international level. Since 2011 it is one of 24 races of the UCI World Tour. In 2012, UCI extended the race's World Tour license until at least 2016; because of its flat course, the race is considered a sprinter's contest and has ended in a mass sprint uninterrupted since 2004. Some of the best sprinters of their generation, including Robbie McEwen, Óscar Freire, Alexander Kristoff and André Greipel, are among the winners of the race. American sprinter Tyler Farrar, winner of the 2009 and 2010 Cyclassics, is the only rider to have won the race two times; the 2013 race was met with fierce protesting unrelated to the race. Hamburg residents were upset with Vattenfall's environmental policies and its attempts to acquire ownership of the local power grid. In 2015 it was announced that Vattenfall would not extend its partnership with the Hamburg Cyclassics, forcing organizers to search for a new sponsor to provide the estimated 800.000 Euro, a third of the race's budget.
Since 2016 EuroEyes, a large German provider of laser eye treatment, Femto-LASIK, lens surgeries, refrative lens exchanges, is the new title sponsor. Australian sprinter Caleb Ewan won the race after Nacer Bouhanni, was relegated; the race starts on the Steinstraße in Hamburg-Altstadt and finishes on Mönckebergstraße, Hamburg's illustrious shopping street in the city's busy commercial district. The distance varies from 225–255 km over flat terrain in the hinterland of Hamburg; the route of the race undergoes some changes every year, but the finish location has remained the same throughout. The course's most significant difficulty is Waseberg hill in Blankenese, a suburban quarter of Altona, west of Hamburg's city centre; the race finale consists of three smaller laps west of Hamburg. It is first climbed at 69 kilometres from the finish, the second and third ascent are at 28 kilometres and 15.5 kilometres respectively. The Waseberg is a steep asphalted hill running up from the north bank of the Elbe river into the suburban centre of Blankenese.
Its length is 700 m with a maximum gradient of 16%. It is challenging as the climb follows a sharp curve, causing an abrupt change in gear and cadence; as teams try to position their captains in the front of the peloton, riders rush furiously over the narrow roads leading to the foot of the climb. The route includes the Köhlbrandbrücke, Hamburg's highest bridge. From 2005 until 2014 the first half of the course consisted of a southern loop in the direction of Lüneburg Heath in Lower Saxony, before returning to the centre of Hamburg and branching out to a western loop. In 2015 organizers changed the parcours to celebrate the twentieth edition of the race; the race started in Kiel, 90 kilometers north of Hamburg, on the western shore of the Baltic Sea, before heading southwest to Hamburg, crossing Schleswig-Holstein. The total distance was shortened to 222 kilometres, but the final approach into Hamburg, with three ascents of the Waseberg and the finish on the Mönckebergstraße, remained the same.
The route from Kiel to Hamburg was chosen to promote the cities' joint bid to host the 2024 Summer Olympics. Race director Roland Hofer said of the course: "Although the race profile may appear more suitable for sprinters, it can be won by all types of great riders, it is this kind of race, needed for a well-balanced World Tour event The World Tour came to Germany in the midst
Flandria (cycling team)
Flandria was a Belgian professional cycling team that existed from 1957 to 1979. It was sponsored by Flandria a bicycle manufacturer located in West Flanders that manufactures mopeds and motorbikes. Started with a team built around Jo Planckaert, Rik Van Looy. Youngsters Eddy Merckx, Peter Post, Herman Van Springel, Walter Godefroot all joined at early stages of their career, although some such as Merckx left soon after to become leader of his own team. After Van Looy's retirement, Belgian Freddy Maertens took over the leadership mantle, famous for his rivalry with Eddy Merckx. Irishman Sean Kelly started his professional career with Flandria, as Maertens' super-domestique. Joop Zoetemelk rode for the team from 1970-1972 finishing on the podium twice in the Tour de France during this span, he finished 5th in the 1972 Tour de France and won the King of the Mountains classification in the 1971 Vuelta a Espana. Roster in 1975: Christian Ardouin Eddy Cael Raphaël Coene Carlos Cuyle Wilfried David Ronald De Witte Régis Delépine Marc Demeyer Robert Fontaine Walter Godefroot Cyrille Guimard Eric Jacques Freddy Maertens Gerard Martens Gérard Moneyron Michel Pollentier Jean-Jacques Sanquer José Sersté Roger Vandemaele Arthur Van De Vijver Marcel Van der Slagmolen Julien Van Geebergen Herman Van Springel Daniel Verplancke Roger Verschaeve Media related to Flandria at Wikimedia Commons
Armand Desmet (BEL)
Alexander Kristoff (NOR)
Pascal Ackermann (GER)
