1.
Australia
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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area, the neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australias capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney, for about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored, on 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states. The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard, Australia has the worlds 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income. With the second-highest human development index globally, the country highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom. The name Australia is derived from the Latin Terra Australis a name used for putative lands in the southern hemisphere since ancient times, the Dutch adjectival form Australische was used in a Dutch book in Batavia in 1638, to refer to the newly discovered lands to the south. On 12 December 1817, Macquarie recommended to the Colonial Office that it be formally adopted, in 1824, the Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. The first official published use of the term Australia came with the 1830 publication of The Australia Directory and these first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists, the northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically by fishermen from Maritime Southeast Asia. The first recorded European sighting of the Australian mainland, and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, are attributed to the Dutch. The first ship and crew to chart the Australian coast and meet with Aboriginal people was the Duyfken captained by Dutch navigator, Willem Janszoon. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines and named the island continent New Holland during the 17th century, but made no attempt at settlement. William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688, in 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration, a British settlement was established in Van Diemens Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1803, and it became a separate colony in 1825. The United Kingdom formally claimed the part of Western Australia in 1828. Separate colonies were carved from parts of New South Wales, South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, the Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia
2.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
3.
The Delltones
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The Delltones are an Australian rock n roll band, formed in 1958. They started out as a harmony group with members, Brian Perkins, Noel Widerberg, Ian Peewee Wilson. Noel Widerbergs position was filled by Col Loughnan, the Delltones have been performing for Australian audiences for over five decades, their most successful recording years were in the 1960s. Wilson is the current member from the original line-up. In the mid-1980s, he transformed the group from a quartet to a five-piece vocal band. This, along with other changes, led to the bands resurgence. The Delltones remain one of the most consistent live entertainers in Australia, in 1958, Ian Peewee Wilson and Noel Widerberg, both lifesavers at the Bronte Surf Club, began singing together at the club socials. They were both interested in four-part Doo Wop harmony music, in the latter part of 1958, they met Warren Lucas, a member of a vocal group The Sapphires, and the three experimented with harmony. Later that year, Warren Lucas recruited Brian Perkins, and the four met at a Bronte Club social and they began harmonising at talent quests and on street corners. Their first engagement was at a Kings Cross nightclub, the manager heard the boys singing outside and invited them in to perform an impromptu show consisting of four songs – their total repertoire. They were paid with spaghetti bolognese and beer, in early 1959 The Delltones found their way into the 2GB Studios of Bob Rogers, who was a top radio DJ at the time. They auditioned the Noel Widerberg composition Why for him during a commercial break, Rogers telephoned Lee Gordon, the American promoter, to announce that he had found a vocal backing group that Gordon needed for his upcoming show. It was headed by Tab Hunter, the Delltones went on to perform on many of Lee Gordons Big Shows with their own spot. The Delltones also sang backing vocals on the recording session for Johnny OKeefe. The booming bass vocals of Peewee Wilson provided the opening bars of OKeefes song Why do They Doubt Our Love, Johnny OKeefe invited The Delltones to appear as regulars on his pioneering ABC Television show Six OClock Rock, and the radio show Rockville Junction. The band was signed to appear on Brian Hendersons Bandstand. This cross generational, television show helped to make them a household name, Lee Gordon also signed them to his Leedon Records recording label and, within a week, the group had cut their first single – a remake of The Crows Gee and the Widerberg composition Why. Gee was a success, eventually peaking at number 15, with duration, on the Sydney charts
4.
Paddington, New South Wales
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Paddington is an inner-city, eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Located 3 kilometres east of the Sydney central business district, Paddington lies across two local government areas, the portion south of Oxford Street lies within the City of Sydney, while the portion north of Oxford Street lies within the Municipality of Woollahra. It is often referred to as Paddo. Paddington is bordered to the west by Darlinghurst, to the east by Centennial Park and Woollahra, to the north by Edgecliff and Rushcutters Bay, the suburb of Paddington is considered to be part of the region associated with the stories of the Cadigal people. These people belonged to the Dharug language group, which includes what is now known as the Sydney central business district and it is known that the ridge, being the most efficient route, on which Oxford Street was built was also a walking track used by Aboriginal people. Much of the Aboriginal population of Sydney died due to the outbreak of 1789. Some Anthropologists maintain that the tribe moved to areas of the shared Eora language group. At the time when Robert Cooper began to build his first house in Paddington, Paddington has never been a suburb with a dense indigenous population. In the 1930s, when parts of Sydney such as Redfern and Glebe became hubs for Aborigines entering the labour force, 1788-1800 In 1788 the First Fleet arrived in Sydney Harbour and established a settlement in Sydney Cove. Three kilometres to the east lay the land that would become Paddington, with a high sandstone ridge, eroded by streams leading to a marshy rush-filled cove too sallow for ships, the area was ignored by the newcomers, except for collecting rushes for thatch. 1801-1840 On a path used by local Aboriginal people, a road of some form was built by Governor Hunter to South Head as early as 1803, Governor Macquarie upgraded the road in 1811 for strategic purposes to accommodate wheeled vehicles. The road was improved by Major Druitt in 1820 to give access to the signal station at South Head. It was also to access to the salubrious villas built by the colonys emerging plutocracy. The road was renamed the Old South Head Road after construction of New South Head Road along the Harbour foreshore was begun in 1831, a mill was located at the end of Gordon Street and run by the Gordon family grinding wheat from the early 1830s. It remained a prominent feature of the landscape as houses were built. Cooper built his mansion, Juniper Hall, on the South Head Road ridge while Underwood built his house on Glenmore Road, the suburbs name came about when in October 1839 James Underwood subdivided 50 of his 97 acres. He called his subdivision the Paddington Estate after the London Borough of that name and it extended from Oxford Street down to present day Paddington Street. What emerged was a class distinction, the working-class located largely on or near the South Head Road
5.
Belmont, Victoria
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Belmont is a southern suburb of Geelong, Victoria, Australia. Belmont is geographically separated from the Geelong central business district by the Barwon River, the suburb is primarily residential, with some light industry along Barwon Heads Road. The suburb is part of the City of Greater Geelong local government area, at the 2011 census, Belmont had a population of 13,616. The area has been inhabited by the Wathaurong people for at least 25,000 years, early white settlement was hampered by the lack of a secure bridge over the Barwon River. The first wooden bridge opened early in 1848, and was tolled by the South Barwon Road Board, four years later, on 23 May 1852, the bridge was swept away in a flood. From December that year a government punt operated at the site, in 1859 a secure iron bridge was opened as a replacement. By the mid-to-late 1850s a township had developed, with a general store, the Post Office opened on 21 January 1860. Some of the streets in the area are named after early properties, a few significant older buildings remain, such as Royd Grange which was built by Godfrey Hirst in 1897. Kardinia House, located in Riverview Terrace, is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register, in 1850 Alexander Thomson offered 93 allotments for sale, as the township of Belmont, between Mount Pleasant and Roslyn Roads. Further land sales occurred in 1886, when 25 acres of Crown land was offered for sale in 25 allotments, the economic depression of the 1890s temporarily curbed land sales. On 21 October 1910, the chairman of the council, W. T. Manifold. However those plans had faded by August 1911, after adjoining land was subdivided and offered for sale as the Belmont Hill Estate, the Grammar School council indicated that an adjacent suburban subdivision was not conducive to their plans for a boarding school which did not cater for day boys. Consequently, the decided to buy land on the opposite side of Geelong at Corio. On 6 December 1913,86 residential sites were auctioned, forming the Belmont Heights Estate, the streets of this new estate were named after well-known Polar explorers, Scott, Shackleton, Peary and Amundsen. The years immediately after the First World War witnessed the transformation of the farmland in Belmont into a residential area. Houses erected during the years were affordable homes for textile workers, drivers, labourers, clerks, secretaries. Major housing development in Belmont stepped up in the years following World War II, with housing developments spreading westwards, later development in the 1970s saw subdivision to the south towards Grovedale. The CSIRO established a facility in Belmont in 1948 to perform research to support the wool industry
6.
Crows Nest, New South Wales
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Crows Nest is a suburb on the lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Crows Nest is located in the North Sydney precinct,5 kilometres north of the Sydney central business district, Crows Nest was originally part of a 524-acre land grant made to Edward Wollstonecraft in 1821. The grant extended from the site of the present day Crows Nest to Wollstonecraft, Edward Wollstonecraft built a cottage, the Crows Nest and, according to his business partner Alexander Berry, chose the name on account of its elevated and commanding position. Berry later built a more substantial Crows Nest House on the estate in 1850 and this site is now the site of North Sydney Demonstration School. The gates of Crows Nest House still stand at the Pacific Highway entrance to the school, Berry died at Crows Nest House on 30 November 1873. St Thomas Rest Park, located in West Street, was originally the cemetery of St Thomass Church and it was the first burial ground established on Sydneys north shore. The land for the cemetery was donated to the Anglican Parish of St Leonards in 1845 by the prominent landowner and merchant, notable people buried there include Alexander Berry and George Barney. Alexander Berry was buried there with his wife, in 1873 and they are interred in an unusual, pyramid-shaped tomb with his wifes brother, Edward Wollstonecraft, former owner of Crows Nest Farm, after which the area is named. George Barney was born in London in 1792, and arrived in Sydney in 1835 and he held a number of posts, including Commander of the Royal Engineers, and he designed Victoria Barracks. He was responsible for the completion of Fort Denison, Circular Quay, Cockatoo Dock, the park includes the original sextons cottage, which is now used as a museum of local history, and is heritage-listed. At the 2011 census, there were 4,048 residents in Crows Nest, 41% of people were in the 25-39 year age group, compared to 20. 9% nationally. The most common ancestries in Crows Nest were English 24. 2%, Australian 19. 7%, Irish 9. 1%, Scottish 6. 8%, Crows Nest is a significant commercial district which is noted for its variety of shops and restaurants. It is centred on the junction of five main roads about 1 kilometre north by northwest of the site of Crows Nest House. The Warringah Freeway runs along the border of Crows Nest. The new Sydney Metro line will include a station and major interchange at the far side of Crows Nest and is due to open in 2024
7.
Prahran, Victoria
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Prahran is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,5 km south-east of Melbournes Central Business District. Its local government area is the City of Stonnington, at the 2011 Census, Prahran had a population of 11,191. Prahran is a part of Greater Melbourne, with shops, restaurants. The area of Prahran, centred along Commercial Road was one of Melbournes gay villages, the shopping street Chapel Street is a mix of upscale fashion boutiques and cafes. Greville Street, once the centre of the Melbournes hippie community, has many cafés, bars, restaurants, bookstores, clothing shops, Prahran takes its name from Pur-ra-ran, a compound of two Aboriginal words, meaning land partially surrounded by water, in 1837 by George Langhorne. The proximity of the Yarra River and a swamp to the southwest explains that description, in 1837 George Langhorne named the area Pur-ra-ran, a compound of two Aboriginal words, meaning land partially surrounded by water. When he informed the Surveyor-General Robert Hoddle of the name, it was written as Prahran, Prahran Post Office opened on 1 April 1853. Large emporiums sprang up along Chapel Street, Prahran also became a major entertainment area. The Lyric theatre, built on the corner of Victoria Street in 1911, the Royal was the second old theatre built. The Empress, another theatre on Chapel Street, was destroyed by fire in 1971. The site was operated by the clothes and homewares chain Waltons for the next decade and was later developed into the Chapel Street Bazaar. Further complementing the high rise developments was a low density development between Bangs and Bendigo Streets, in the 1970s, the suburb began to gentrify, with much of the remaining old housing stock being renovated and restored. The area had a substantial Greek population and many took advantage of the rise in property values during the 1980s, paving the way for further development and it was during the 1990s that solidification of the areas homosexual community occurred. Many gay and gay-friendly businesses, including bars, clubs and bookstores were found along Commercial Road, in Prahran,61. 2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 4. 2%, Greece 3. 5%, New Zealand 3. 4%, China 1. 6%, Prahran is home to a large collection of architecturally significant commercial buildings, with many on the Victorian Heritage Register. Retains the original arcade, but decorative roof was removed in the 1950s, also known locally as Birdland due to pigeons which once bred in the recessed balconies of the building and the large eagles which adorn the facade, but are now screened by chicken wire. Was a Dan Murphys cellar for many years, but currently a JB HiFi store, reads Emporium - Built in 1914 on the corner of Chapel Street and Commercial Road. Its twin beacons, which sit atop large copper domes, were once visible like lighthouses for miles around
8.
Jimmy Barnes
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James Dixon Swan AO, better known as Jimmy Barnes, is a Scottish-born Australian rock singer-songwriter. His career both as a performer and as the lead vocalist with the rock band Cold Chisel has made him one of the most popular. The combination of 14 Australian Top 40 albums for Cold Chisel and 13 charting solo albums, 1s, gives Barnes the highest number of hit albums of any Australian artist. James Swan was born in Glasgow, Scotland and he arrived in Adelaide, South Australia as a 5-year-old on 21 January 1962 with his parents Jim and Dorothy Swan and siblings John, Dorothy, Linda and Alan. Another sister, Lisa, was born in 1962 and the eventually settled in Elizabeth. His father, Jim Swan, was a prizefighter and his older brother John Swan also works as a rock singer, John encouraged and taught Jim how to sing as he wasnt really interested initially. His mother Dorothy soon remarried, to a clerk named Reg Barnes, after her daughter Lisa was teased by a schoolmate about being adopted, Dorothy encouraged her children to change their surname to Barnes. All of them did except for the eldest brother, John and this would later cause confusion about Jimmy Barnes and Swan, many thought them to be half- or stepbrothers. Barnes was raised a Protestant, and considers himself a Buddhist, in September 2009 he revealed that his maternal grandmother was Jewish. Barnes took an apprenticeship in a foundry with the South Australian Railways in 1973 but the love he, Swanee was now playing drums with Fraternity, who had just parted ways with singer Bon Scott. Within a short time the group had changed its name to Cold Chisel, Barnes relationship with the band was often volatile and he left several times, leaving Moss to handle vocal duties until he returned. Progress was slow and Barnes announced he was leaving again in May 1977 to join Swanee in a band called Feather. However, his performance with Cold Chisel went so well that he changed his mind and decided to stay in the band. While in Canberra in November 1979 however, he met Jane Mahoney, Barnes wrote the song Rising Sun about this, which would appear on the album East. The pair married in Sydney on 22 May 1981 and Jane soon gave birth to their first child Mahalia, named after Mahalia Jackson, on 12 July 1982. The singer had never been careful with money and the pressure on him to provide for his young family caused even more tension between him and the rest of Cold Chisel. Despite being hugely successful in Australia, the group had not been able to crack the market internationally. While the 1982 album Circus Animals provided Cold Chisel with its second consecutive No.1 album, at a meeting in August, it was decided that Cold Chisel should split up
9.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
10.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
11.
Cold Chisel
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Cold Chisel are an Australian rock band that formed in Adelaide, Australia. They had chart success in the 70s, 80s and 90s, Cold Chisel are regarded as having a distinctly Australian popularity and musicianship, exemplifying pub rock and highlighting the working class life in Australia. The group changed its name several times before settling on Cold Chisel in 1974 after writing a song with that title, Barnes relationship with other band members was volatile, as a Scot he often came to blows with Liverpool-born Prestwich and he left the band several times. During these periods Moss would handle vocals until Barnes returned, Walker soon emerged as Cold Chisels primary songwriter. Walker spent 1974 in Armidale, completing his studies and in 1975 Kaczmarek left the band and was replaced by Phil Small, Barnes older brother John Swan was a member of Cold Chisel around this time, providing backing vocals and percussion but after several violent incidents he was fired. In May 1976, Cold Chisel relocated to Melbourne but found little success, six months later, in May 1977, Barnes announced he would quit Cold Chisel in order to join Swan in Feather, a hard-rocking blues band that had evolved from an earlier group called Blackfeather. A farewell performance in Sydney went so well that the singer changed his mind, the following month the Warner Music Group picked up Cold Chisel. In the early months of 1978, Cold Chisel recorded its debut album with producer Peter Walker. All tracks were written by Don Walker except Juliet, for which Barnes wrote the melody, khe Sanh has since become Cold Chisels signature tune and arguably its most popular among fans. The song was remixed, with re-recorded vocals, for inclusion on the international version of 1980s East. The bands next release was a live EP titled Youre Thirteen, Youre Beautiful and this had been recorded at a show at Sydneys Regent Theatre in 1977 that had featured Midnight Oil as one of the support acts. One of the EPs tracks, Merry Go Round was later recorded on the follow-up and this album was recorded between July 1978 and January 1979 with experienced producer Richard Batchens, who had previously worked with Richard Clapton, Sherbet and Blackfeather. Batchens smoothed out many of the rough edges and attempted to give their songs a sophisticated sound. This approach has made the album sit a little uncomfortably with the band ever since, once again, the majority of the songs were penned by Walker, with Barnes collaborating with Walker on the first single Goodbye and Moss contributing to Dresden. Goodbye became a favourite for the band, and even went on to be performed by U2 during Australian tours in the 1980s. By now the band stood at the verge of national success, even without significant radio airplay or support from Countdown. In spite of the subject matter, the track became a hit. Recorded over two months in early-1980, East reached #2 on the Australian album charts and was the second-highest selling album by an Australian artist for the year, Cold Chisel is the only Australian rock band to score hits with songs written by every member of the group
12.
Ian Moss
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Ian Richard Moss is an Australian rock musician from Alice Springs. He is the mainstay guitarist and occasional singer of Cold Chisel. In that groups initial eleven year phase from 1973 to 1984, Moss was recorded on all five studio albums, in August 1989 he released his debut solo album, Matchbook, which peaked at number one on the ARIA Albums Chart. It was preceded by his single, Tuckers Daughter, which reached number two on the related ARIA Singles Chart in March. The track was co-written by Moss with Don Walker, also from Cold Chisel, Moss had another top ten hit with Telephone Booth in June 1989. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1990 Moss won five categories, Album of the Year, Best Male Artist, Breakthrough Artist – Album, Single of the Year and Breakthrough Artist – Single. Since then his music career has been more low-key, his other top 50 albums are Worlds Away, Lets all Get Together. In 1993 Cold Chisel, with Moss as a member, were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame, Moss has participated with periodic Cold Chisel reunion tours or new studio albums in 1998,2003 and from 2009 to 2012. Ian Richard Moss was born on 20 March 1955 in Alice Springs, to Geoffery Moss, during World War II Geoffery survived the 1942 bombing of Darwin, he enlisted in the army and later worked for the Allied Works Council in Alice Springs. Lorna was an employee at Allied Works Council when they married in September 1945. Moss has a brother, Peter Geoffrey Moss, an older sister, Penny. When Moss was four years-old he performed for his family and friends and at nine and he later recalled I was always keen on music and singing. I used to do little vocal concerts for my parents, Moss initially took piano lessons but switched to guitar at age 11, My older sister was learning classical piano and my older brother was a good rhythm strummer and right into Bob Dylan. I started off with classical piano aged about 7 or 8, in 1969 he joined a local band, The Scene, which included drummer Rod Martin and two brothers, Robert and John Fortunaso. Moss played rhythm guitar by plugging a guitar into the bass players amplifier. The Scene played at local centres and organised their own dances, Moss sang a couple of songs with the group and a year later, he bought an electric guitar to replace his acoustic. Moss recalled, I was with them for about a year, the following year he formed Hot Ice with Roger Harris - guitar, David Michel - drums, Wayne Sanderson - Bass and Paul Wiles - keyboards. There after they played at the Youth Centre Saturday night dances
