The Frontier League is a professional independent baseball league with teams in the Northeast and Midwestern United States and Eastern Canada. It operates in cities not served by Major League Baseball or Minor League Baseball teams and is not affiliated with either; the league was formed in 1993, is the oldest running independent league in the United States. It is headquartered in Illinois. Teams in the Frontier League must recruit and sign their own players, who are undrafted college players or one-time prospects who have been released by their teams. Frontier League rules limit teams to three "veterans", two two-year players and seven one-year players; the other half of the 24-man roster is confined to rookies. Players cannot be older than 27 as of January 1. Pay in the Frontier League is minimal; as of the 2013 season, each team has a salary cap of $75,000, the player salaries range from a minimum of $600 up to $1600 a month. Due to the low pay, players live with host families and receive meal money during the season.
The first league champions were the Zanesville Greys. Only seven teams have won more than one championship: Springfield in 1996 and 1998; the Florence Y'alls, the Rockford RiverHawks, Schaumburg Boomers, the River City Rascals are tied for the most league championships with each franchise winning three. On June 20, 2000, Brian Tollberg debuted with the San Diego Padres, becoming the first player from the Frontier League to make it to the Majors. A week Morgan Burkhart made his debut with the Boston Red Sox. Although the league does not have any teams located in the same city as Major League teams, it does nonetheless have teams located within the markets of Major League teams; the Chicago area had three teams and St. Louis, Cleveland and Pittsburgh each have one; the Wild Things, in particular, have been able to market themselves as a successful alternative to the Pittsburgh Pirates due to the latter franchise's long stretch of losing seasons, which lasted from the Frontier League's founding in 1993 until 2013 when the Pirates finished with a record of 94–68.
On October 16, 2019, it was announced that the Frontier League would be merging with the Canadian American Association of Professional Baseball, absorbing five of its teams to form the largest independent professional baseball league. The league will continue to with different names; the Can-Am Division will feature the five former Can-Am League teams along with the two Frontier League teams that were geographically closest to them. The remaining teams will comprise the Midwestern Division. Canton Coyotes Canton Crocodiles Chillicothe Paints Dubois County Dragons Erie Sailors Florence Freedom Frontier Greys Johnstown Johnnies Johnstown Steal Kalamazoo Kings Kalamazoo Kodiaks Kenosha Mammoths Kentucky Rifles Lancaster Scouts London Rippers London Werewolves Mid-Missouri Mavericks Midwest Sliders Normal CornBelters Newark Bison Ohio Valley Redcoats Portsmouth Explorers Richmond Roosters River City Rascals Rockford Aviators Rockford RiverHawks Slippery Rock Sliders Springfield Capitals Springfield-Ozark Ducks Traverse City Beach Bums Tri-State Tomahawks West Virginia Coal Sox Zanesville Greys 1993 Zanesville Greys 1994 Erie Sailors 1995 Johnstown Steal 1996 Springfield Capitals 1997 Canton Crocodiles 1998 Springfield Capitals 1999 London Werewolves 2000 Johnstown Johnnies 2001 Richmond Roosters 2002 Richmond Roosters 2003 Gateway Grizzlies 2004 Rockford Riverhawks 2005 Kalamazoo Kings 2006 Evansville Otters 2007 Windy City ThunderBolts 2008 Windy City ThunderBolts 2009 Lake Erie Crushers 2010 River City Rascals 2011 Joliet Slammers 2012 Southern Illinois Miners 2013 Schaumburg Boomers 2014 Schaumburg Boomers 2015 Traverse City Beach Bums 2016 Evansville Otters 2017 Schaumburg Boomers 2018 Joliet Slammers 2019 River City Rascals Baseball awards#U.
S. independent professional leagues Official website Frontier League History Frontier League Encyclop
Jamalpur-5 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad of Bangladesh since 2019 by Mozaffar Hossain of the Awami League. The constituency encompasses Jamalpur Sadar Upazila; the constituency was created in 1978 a Mymensingh constituency when the former Mymensingh District was split into two districts: Jamalpur and Mymensingh. Ahead of the 2008 general election, the Election Commission redrew constituency boundaries to reflect population changes revealed by the 2001 Bangladesh census; the 2008 redistricting altered the boundaries of the constituency. Ahead of the 2018 general election, the Election Commission expanded the boundaries of the constituency by adding two union parishads of Jamalpur Sadar Upazila: Meshta and Titpalla. "People's Republic of Bangladesh". Psephos
José Felipe Mariano Gálvez was a jurist and Liberal politician in Guatemala. For two consecutive terms from August 28, 1831 to March 3, 1838 he was chief of state of the State of Guatemala, within the Federal Republic of Central America. Born in the 1790s, Gálvez was a foundling left in a basket at the house of Fray Toribio Carvajal. Carvajal gave the child in adoption to the family of Gertrudis Gálvez, one of the wealthiest families of the time, he received their name, he dedicated himself to study, first at the convent school in Guatemala City and in the law school at the Royal and Pontifical University of San Carlos Borromeo. He received a doctorate on December 16, 1819. In the city council of Guatemala City he introduced the motion to end the war between Guatemala and El Salvador, he served as a private counselor to Gabino Gaínza during his administration of the State of Guatemala, it is due to his influence that the latter did not strenuously oppose the popular movement for liberty. After independence, Gálvez favored annexation of Guatemala to Mexico.
When the first federal Congress of Central America met in Guatemala in 1825, he was one of the deputies, he became president of the Congress. In the civil war of 1826, Gálvez took part with the Federalists and headed a revolutionary movement against the Unitarian government, though promptly suppressed, hastened the invasion of Guatemala by federalist Francisco Morazán. Gálvez joined Morazán's forces in Ahuachapán. Member of the liberal party, Mariano Gálvez was appointed chief of state in 1831, during a period of turmoil that made governing difficult. Liberal historians such as Ramón Rosa and Lorenzo Montúfar y Rivera, refer that he promoted major innovations in all aspects of the administration, to make if less dependent on the Catholic Church influence, it is reported that he made public instruction independent of the Church, fostered science and the arts, eliminated religious festivals as holidays, founded the National Library and the National Museum, promoted respect for the laws and the rights of citizens, guaranteed freedom of the press and freedom of thought, established civil marriage and divorce, respected freedom of association and promulgating the Livingston Code, against much opposition from the population, not used to the fast pace the changes were taking place.
However, this were all changes that the liberals wanted to implement to eliminate the political and economic power of the aristocrats and of the Catholic Church -whose regular orders were expelled in 1829 and the secular clergy was weakened by means of abolishing mandatory tithing. Among his major errors was a contract made with Michael Bennett -commercial partner of Francisco Morazán in the fine wood business- on 6 August 1834. In February 1835 Galvez was reelected far a second term, during which the Asiatic cholera afflicted the country; the secular clergy, still in the country, persuaded the uneducated people of the interior that the disease was caused by the poisoning of the springs by order of the government and turned the complaints against Galvez into a religious war. Peasant revolts began in 1837, under chants of "Hurray for the true religion!" and "Down with the heretics!" started growing and spreading. Gálvez asked the National Assembly to transfer the capital of the Federation from Guatemala City to San Salvador.
His major opponents were Juan de Dios Mayorga. José Francisco Barrundia and Pedro Molina, his friends, came to oppose him in the years of his government after he violently tried to repress the peasant revolt using a scorched earth approach against rural communities. In 1838, Antigua Guatemala and Salamá withdrew recognition of his government, in February of that year Rafael Carrera's revolutionary forces entered Guatemala City asking for the Cathedral to be opened to restore order in the catholic communities, obliging Gálvez to relinquish power. Galvez remained in the city. Gálvez was buried in the Cemetery of San Fernando. In 1925 his remains were repatriated and today they rest in the old School of Law in Guatemala City. Universidad Mariano Gálvez de Guatemala, founded in 1966 in Guatemala City, is named after him. Short biography Short biography Since that time, the Mariano Galvez University of Guatemala
Maria Gustava Gyllenstierna was a Swedish countess and translator. She was the daughter of count Christoffer Gyllenstierna and Gustava Juliana Oxenstierna and married in 1693 to count Karl Bonde of Björnö. After she became a widow in 1699, she lived on Tyresö Palace, which she had inherited from her grandmother Maria Sofia De la Gardie, she translated foreign works, wrote a work of the life of Jesus, published in 1730-36, wrote 600 sonnets. She gathered a circle of professors on Tyresö and corresponded with among others Sophia Elisabet Brenner, she was described as one of the most learned women of her epoch, it was said that this made her unpopular among the male aristocracy, because she was to superior to them. During the Russian Pillage of 1719-1721, when the Russians where sacking the territory, she made saved Tyresö Palace from being burnt, she tore down the towers of the palace, upon a distance, gave the Russians the impression that the palace had been sacked: therefore, they turned back, the palace was saved.
Her documentation of the sacking is a valuable document over the contemporary historical infrastructure of the area. Norrhem, Svante. Kvinnor vid maktens sida: 1632-1772. Lund: Nordic Academic Press. Libris 10428618. ISBN 978-91-89116-91-7 Skärgårdsöar och fiskekobbar, del 2, av Bertil Hedenstierna 1990,Rabén & Sjögren, ISBN 91 29 59262 3 Nordiska museets och Skansens årsbok 1933, red. Andreas Lindblom, Gösta Berg, Sigfrid Svensson Rysshärjningarna i ornö socken 1719, av Britt-Marie Utter Wahlström 2002 Rysshärjningarna på Ostkusten sommaren 1719, av Magnus Ullman 2006 Svenska Adelns Ättartavlor, utgiven 1927 av Gustaf Elgenstierna http://nordicwomensliterature.net/sv/article/grevinnan-p%C3%A5-tyres%C3%B6-slott#1.2. Sonetter_ver_Jesu_liv_lidande_och_dd
Ann Bilansky was an American housewife convicted in 1859 of poisoning her husband with arsenic. She is the only woman in Minnesota to receive the death penalty and the first white person in the state to be executed by hanging. Mary Ann Evards Wright was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina, where she resided for several years with her first husband who died in a railroad incident, she moved to Pleasant Hill and finally to St. Paul, Minnesota in April 1858 at the request of her nephew, John Walker, ill with typhoid fever. Shortly after, Ann married Stanislaus Bilansky, one of the first Polish immigrants to settle in St. Paul, he had he moved to St. Paul from Wisconsin in 1848. Stanislaus was a poor man who drank a lot, but he owned a small cabin that doubled as a bar and grocery store, he had custody of his three young children left in his care after his second wife divorced him, Ann took care of the children when Stanislaus was ill or working. In 1859, Stanislaus was sick between March 6 and March 11 with what was thought to be indigestion, but his condition worsened with the consumption of alcohol and Graffenburg pills.
Ann was seen crying at his bedside asking. Stanislaus died on March 11; as the funeral procession was leaving the Bilansky residence to bury Stanislaus at the cemetery, officials from the Ramsey County coroner's office arrived to conduct an inquest. A doctor examined the body and a coroner's jury was assembled to hear testimony from John Walker, a visiting neighbor named Lucinda Kilpatrick, a housekeeper hired during Stanislaus’ illness named Roasa Scharf; the coroner's jury found that Stanislaus died of natural causes, but questioned why Ann had not called a doctor toward the end of his illness. Stanislaus was buried on March 12, but that evening Kilpatrick changed her testimony to claim she saw Ann buying arsenic from a drugstore on February 28. Ann claimed the purchase was at Stanislaus’ urging, so they might kill rats in the cellar. After taking Kilpatrick's new testimony, Stanislaus’ body was exhumed for an examination and on March 13, Ann was arrested for the murder of her husband. A second coroner's jury convened to hear testimonies from Scharf and Kilpatrick, as well as from druggist W.
H. Wolff and Dr. J. D. Goodrich. Wolff testified that a single crystal was found under a microscope that “resembled arsenic,” but Goodrich was skeptical that Stanislaus was poisoned; the jury concluded that Stanislaus died of arsenic poisoning, a grand jury indicted Ann for the murder of her husband and a trial date was set for May 23. The trial was conducted at the Ramsey County courthouse, the prosecution, led by Isaac Heard, included three main arguments in their case against Ann: she had purchased arsenic and had the means to kill, she had inappropriate relations with Walker and therefore an affair gave her the motive for murder, she had made comments that suggested she was contemplating murder. Kilpatrick was the state's principal witness, Heard relied on Scharf's testimony, which stated that Ann made all of Stanislaus’ meals separately and did not treat him as a husband ought to be treated. Both Kilpatrick and Scharf claimed Ann was having an affair with Walker in an attempt to provide a murder motive.
After all of the witnesses had spoken, an all-male jury began deliberations on June 3, they took less than six hours to return with a “guilty” verdict. Upon hearing the verdict, Ann showed no visible signs of emotion or distress. Ann's defense asked for a new trial, but did not receive one as the judge considered her found guilty in the court; the case went to the Minnesota Supreme Court to try and dispute the death penalty, but that court did not see the need for a new trial and sent Ann for sentencing. Ann escaped prison on July 25, she hid in the Lake Como area and made contact with Walker, but was found on August 1. On December 2, Ann appeared in court for her sentencing where she proclaimed herself an innocent woman: “If I die in this case, I die an innocent woman. I don't think, she was sentenced to one month in solitary confinement followed by death by hanging. Governor Henry Sibley had the legal responsibility of setting the execution date, but he refused to set a date or commute the sentence, he let his term expire at the end of 1859.
The Minnesota House of Representatives made efforts to end capital punishment, but it was rejected shortly after. On January 18, 1860 another bill was tabled. On January 25, 1860 newly elected Governor Alexander Ramsey set Ann’s execution date as March 23, 1860. Another bill was passed by the state legislature on March 5 to try and help Ann, which stated that the first execution by Minnesota should not be that of a woman and that Ann had an unfair trial, but this was vetoed by Governor Ramsey on March 8. Ann requested a private execution, but at this point in the 19th century public executions were typical as they served civil and religious purposes to deter crime and demonstrate the danger of sin. On March 23, 1860, gallows were set up in an enclosure in Court House Square at the corner of Fifth and Cedar streets, just before her execution Ann spoke her last words: “I die without having had any mercy shown me, or justice. I die for the good of my soul, not for murder.... Your courts of justice are not courts of justice—but I will yet get justice in Heaven.”
Around 100 onlookers watched from inside the enclosure, while thousands more watched from outside the enclosure. Ann's body was left hanging for twenty minutes before she was buried in an unmarked grave in Cal
"Poetry Man" is a song by the American singer-songwriter Phoebe Snow. The song was written by Snow, produced by Dino Airali, first appeared on her 1974 self-titled debut album. Released as a single in late 1974, "Poetry Man" became Snow's first charting hit, rising to number five on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in April 1975 and number four in the Canadian RPM Magazine charts; the previous month, the song reached number one on the Billboard easy listening chart, where it remained for one week. The success of "Poetry Man" helped Snow achieve a Grammy nomination for Best New Artist in 1975, an award, won that year by composer Marvin Hamlisch. Retrospectively, Snow stated that the production of the song's record was more jazz-oriented than the eclectic, acoustic guitar-based music she performed throughout her career, saying that she "never intended to be a jazz artist; that takes a heavy amount of background." The saxophone part on the recording is played by Zoot Sims. On American Top 40 in September 1980, Casey Kasem claimed that Phoebe Snow said that the song is about Jackson Browne.
This was dispelled by Snow as a rumor that had arisen only because Browne was the first musician she had toured with after release of the song. In 1997, Zap Mama, an African-Belgium based group, delivered a version on their album, Seven which included a dialog of sorts with Spearhead's Michael Franti playing the Poetry Man himself. In 1999, "Poetry Man" returned to the Adult Contemporary chart in a cover by Hawaiian female vocal trio Na Leo Pilimehana, which peaked at number 24. In 2007, Queen Latifah recorded a cover version of "Poetry Man", included on her Grammy-nominated album Trav'lin' Light. In 2008, saxophonist Jessy J recorded an instrumental version of "Poetry Man" on her album Tequila Moon. In 2014, Canadian vocalist Jaclyn Guillou recorded "Poetry Man" on her contemporary jazz album, "Winter for Beginners". List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 1975 Single release info from discogs.comLyrics to "Poetry Man"