1.
Colorado
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Colorado is a state in the United States encompassing most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Southwestern United States, Colorado is the 8th most extensive and the 21st most populous of the 50 United States. The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Colorado was 5,540,545 on July 1,2016, the state was named for the Colorado River, which Spanish travelers named the Río Colorado for the ruddy silt the river carried from the mountains. The Territory of Colorado was organized on February 28,1861, Colorado is nicknamed the Centennial State because it became a state in the same year as the centennial of the United States Declaration of Independence. Colorado is noted for its landscape of mountains, forests, high plains, mesas, canyons, plateaus, rivers. Denver is the capital and the most populous city of Colorado, residents of the state are properly known as Coloradans, although the term Coloradoan has been used archaically and lives on in the title of Fort Collins newspaper, the Coloradoan. Colorado, Wyoming and Utah are the states which have boundaries defined solely by lines of latitude and longitude. The summit of Mount Elbert at 14,440 feet elevation in Lake County is the highest point in Colorado, Colorado is the only U. S. state that lies entirely above 1,000 meters elevation. The point where the Arikaree River flows out of Yuma County, Colorado and this point, which holds the distinction of being the highest low elevation point of any state, is higher than the high elevation points of 18 states and the District of Columbia. A little less than one half of the area of Colorado is flat, East of the Rocky Mountains are the Colorado Eastern Plains of the High Plains, the section of the Great Plains within Nebraska at elevations ranging from roughly 3,350 to 7,500 feet. The Colorado plains were mostly prairies, but they have many patches of forests, buttes. Eastern Colorado is presently covered in farmland and rangeland, along with small farming villages. Precipitation is fair, averaging from 15 to 25 inches annually, corn, wheat, hay, soybeans, and oats are all typical crops, and most of the villages and towns in this region boast both a water tower and a grain elevator. Irrigation water is available from the South Platte, the Arkansas River, and a few other streams, however, heavy use of ground water from wells for irrigation has caused underground water reserves to decline. As well as agriculture, eastern Colorado hosts considerable livestock, such as cattle ranches. Roughly 70% of Colorados population resides along the edge of the Rocky Mountains in the Front Range Urban Corridor between Cheyenne, Wyoming, and Pueblo, Colorado. This region is protected from prevailing storms that blow in from the Pacific Ocean region by the high Rockies in the middle of Colorado. The Front Range includes Denver, Boulder, Fort Collins, Loveland, Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Greeley and other townships, on the other side of the Rockies, the significant population centers in Western Colorado are the cities of Grand Junction, Durango, and Montrose
Colorado
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The
Elk Mountains near
Aspen, Colorado
Colorado
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Flag
Colorado
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Mountains and lakes near
Breckenridge, Colorado
Colorado
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A view of the arid high plains in Southeastern Colorado
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
United States
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Native Americans meeting with Europeans, 1764
United States
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Flag
United States
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The signing of the
Mayflower Compact, 1620.
United States
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The
Declaration of Independence: the
Committee of Five presenting their draft to the
Second Continental Congress in 1776
3.
Grand Lake (Colorado)
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Grand Lake is Colorados largest and deepest natural lake. It is located in the headwaters of the Colorado River in Grand County, on its north shore is located the historic and eponymous town of Grand Lake. The lake fills a valley that is dammed in part by glacial till from the Pinedale Glaciation. Grand Lake was named Spirit Lake by the Ute Tribe because they believed the lakes cold waters to be the place of departed souls. The elevation of Grand Lake is maintained between 8,367 feet and 8,366 feet, adams Tunnel to the Big Thompson River on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains. From there, the flows into the South Platte River and is used for agriculture, municipal. Diverted C-BT water provides hydroelectric power to five stations on the eastern slope of the Colorado Rockies. The C-BT is one of the first of many large-scale diversions of water from the Colorado River Basin between Colorado and the Gulf of California
Grand Lake (Colorado)
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looking east
Grand Lake (Colorado)
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Jurisdictions
Grand Lake (Colorado)
Grand Lake (Colorado)
4.
Grand River (Colorado)
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The Colorado River is one of the principal rivers of the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The 1, 450-mile-long Colorado River drains an expansive, arid watershed that encompasses parts of seven U. S. starting in the central Rocky Mountains in the U. S. After entering Mexico, the Colorado approaches the mostly dry Colorado River Delta at the tip of the Gulf of California between Baja California and Sonora. Known for its dramatic canyons, whitewater rapids, and eleven U. S. National Parks, the Colorados large flow and steep gradient are used for generating hydroelectric power, and its major dams regulate peaking power demands in much of the Intermountain West. Intensive water consumption has dried up the lower 100 miles of the river, beginning with small bands of nomadic hunter-gatherers, Native Americans have inhabited the Colorado River basin for at least 8,000 years. Most native peoples that inhabit the basin today are descended from groups that settled in the region beginning about 1,000 years ago. Europeans first entered the Colorado Basin in the 16th century, when explorers from Spain began mapping and claiming the area, early contact between Europeans and Native Americans was generally limited to the fur trade in the headwaters and sporadic trade interactions along the lower river. After most of the Colorado River basin became part of the U. S. in 1846, several expeditions charted the Colorado in the mid-19th century – one of which, led by John Wesley Powell, was the first to run the rapids of the Grand Canyon. American explorers collected valuable information that would later be used to develop the river for navigation, lesser numbers settled in the upper basin, which was the scene of major gold strikes in the 1860s and 1870s. Large engineering works began around the start of the 20th century, with guidelines established in a series of international. The U. S. federal government was the driving force behind the construction of dams and aqueducts in the river system, although many state. Most of the dams in the river basin were built between 1910 and 1970, the system keystone, Hoover Dam, was completed in 1935. The Colorado is now considered among the most controlled and litigated rivers in the world, as demands for Colorado River water continue to rise, the level of human development and control of the river continues to generate controversy. The Colorado begins at La Poudre Pass in the Southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado, after a short run south, the river turns west below Grand Lake, the largest natural lake in the state. As it flows southwest, it gains strength from many tributaries, as well as larger ones including the Blue, Eagle. In a few areas, such as the marshy Kawuneeche Valley near the headwaters, arcing northwest, the Colorado begins to cut across the eponymous Colorado Plateau, a vast area of high desert centered at the Four Corners of the southwestern United States. In Utah, the Colorado flows primarily through the slickrock country and this is one of the most inaccessible regions of the continental United States. Here, the San Juan River, carrying runoff from the slope of Colorados San Juan Mountains, joins the Colorado from the east. S
Grand River (Colorado)
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The Colorado River at
Horseshoe Bend,
Arizona, a few miles below
Glen Canyon Dam
Grand River (Colorado)
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Map of the Colorado River basin
Grand River (Colorado)
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The
Kawuneeche Valley, near the headwaters of the Colorado River in
Rocky Mountain National Park
Grand River (Colorado)
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Colorado River in the Grand Canyon seen from Pima Point, near
Hermit's Rest
5.
County seat
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A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or civil parish. The term is used in the United States, Canada, Romania, China, in the United Kingdom and Ireland, county towns have a similar function. In the United States, counties are the subdivisions of a state. Depending on the state, counties may provide services to the public, impose taxes. Some types of subdivisions, such as townships, may be incorporated or unincorporated. The city, town, or populated place that houses county government is known as the seat of its respective county, a county seat is usually, but not always, an incorporated municipality. The exceptions include the county seats of counties that have no incorporated municipalities within their borders, such as Arlington County, Virginia, likewise, some county seats may not be incorporated in their own right, but are located within incorporated municipalities. For example, Cape May Court House, New Jersey, though unincorporated, is a section of Middle Township, in some of the colonial states, county seats include or formerly included Court House as part of their name. Most counties have only one county seat, an example is Harrison County, Mississippi, which lists both Biloxi and Gulfport as county seats. The practice of multiple county seat towns dates from the days when travel was difficult, there have been few efforts to eliminate the two-seat arrangement, since a county seat is a source of pride for the towns involved. There are 36 counties with multiple county seats in 11 states, Coffee County, for example, the official county seat is Greensboro, but an additional courthouse has been located in nearby High Point since 1938. For example, Clearwater is the county seat of Pinellas County, Florida, in New England, the town, not the county, is the primary division of local government. Historically, counties in this region have served mainly as dividing lines for the judicial systems. Connecticut and Rhode Island have no county level of government and thus no county seats, in Vermont, Massachusetts, and Maine the county seats are legally designated shire towns. County government consists only of a Superior Court and Sheriff, both located in the shire town. Bennington County has two towns, but the Sheriff is located in Bennington. In Massachusetts, most government functions which would otherwise be performed by county governments in other states are performed by town governments. As such, Massachusetts has dissolved many of its county governments, two counties in South Dakota have their county seat and government services centered in a neighboring county
County seat
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Many county seats in the United States feature a historic courthouse, such as this one in
Renville County, Minnesota, pictured in May 2008.
6.
Hot Sulphur Springs, Colorado
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Hot Sulphur Springs is a statutory town and the county seat of Grand County, Colorado, United States. The town is located near Byers Canyon between Granby and Kremmling,95 miles northwest of Denver and 30 miles northwest of Winter Park, the town population was 663 at the 2010 census, and has an elevation of 7,680 feet. Hot Sulphur Springs was originally a winter campground for Native Americans who came to use the hot springs for medicinal purposes, in 1840 William Newton Byers, founder of the Rocky Mountain News, discovered the springs. The town was established in 1860, making it the oldest town in the county, originally named Saratoga West and sometimes called Warm Springs. S. Wishing to create a spa and resort, Byers changed the name and surveyed, platted. The first pool house was built ca, when Grand County was formed, Hot Sulphur Springs was the first county seat from 1874 to 1882, after which it moved to Grand Lake. The county seat returned in 1888 and has there ever since. Byers died on March 25,1903, the town was incorporated on April 1,1903. His original family cabin is located at 204 Byers Avenue along what is now Highway 40, the building is currently the countys only mortuary. The first winter carnival in Hot Sulphur Springs was held on December 31,1911, the success of this event led to a three-day carnival which took place on February 10–12,1912. The following winter, an annual winter carnival was planned in conjunction with the first Steamboat Springs Winter Sports Carnival. This series of events led to the creation of Howelsen Hill Ski Area in Steamboat Springs, and is credited with playing a large role in the birth of the Colorado ski industry. The big plans of Byers were prevented by the arrival of the railroad in 1928. The first lodging rooms opened in 1926, payday was always the last day of the month and was considered a dangerous day because of the many gunfights that occurred. Because Halloween is October 31, the last day of the month, the people of the town celebrated Halloween on the 30th to keep children safe, Hot Sulphur Springs is located in central Grand County at 40°4′24″N 106°6′5″W. It is located along the Colorado River, just east of where the river enters Byers Canyon. U. S. Route 40 passes through the center of town as Byers Avenue, it leads 10 miles east to Granby, the largest town in the county, and 17 miles west to Kremmling. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 0.77 square miles
Hot Sulphur Springs, Colorado
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Houses in Hot Sulphur Springs
Hot Sulphur Springs, Colorado
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Location in
Grand County and the state of
Colorado
7.
Granby, Colorado
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Granby is a statutory town which is the most populous municipality in Grand County, Colorado, United States. Granby is situated along U. S. Highway 40 in Middle Park about 85 miles northwest of Denver and 14 miles southwest of Rocky Mountain National Park, as of the 2010 census the town had a population of 1,864. The town was founded in 1904 along the route of the Denver, Northwestern & Pacific Railway and it was named after Granby Hillyer, a Denver lawyer who later served as the United States Attorney for that citys district. Granby sits at 7,935 feet above sea level in the valley of the Fraser River,2 miles east of its mouth at the Colorado River. It is located in eastern Grand County at 40°5′11″N 105°56′11″W, in a subject to average annual rainfall of 12 1⁄4 inches. U. S. Route 40 passes through the center of town as Agate Avenue, leading south and east over Berthoud Pass to the Denver area, west 10 miles to Hot Sulphur Springs, kremmling is 27 miles to the west on US40. According to the United States Census Bureau, Granby has an area of 12.8 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,525 people,579 households, the population density was 856.2 people per square mile. There were 628 housing units at a density of 352.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 96. 26% White,0. 46% African American,0. 26% Native American,0. 98% Asian,0. 07% Pacific Islander,1. 44% from other races, and 0. 52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3. 61% of the population,21. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the family size was 3.05. In the town, the population was out with 28. 1% under the age of 18,9. 1% from 18 to 24,33. 5% from 25 to 44,22. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 98.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 104.3 males, the median income for a household in the town was $46,667, and the median income for a family was $55,250. Males had an income of $35,455 versus $24,417 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,224. About 4. 0% of families and 5. 8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3. 9% of those under the age of 18 and 9. 0% of those ages 65 and older
Granby, Colorado
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Granby Town Hall
Granby, Colorado
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New Granby Public Library
8.
United States Census Bureau
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The United States Census Bureau is a principal agency of the U. S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureaus primary mission is conducting the U. S. Census every ten years, in addition to the decennial census, the Census Bureau continually conducts dozens of other censuses and surveys, including the American Community Survey, the U. S. Economic Census, and the Current Population Survey, furthermore, economic and foreign trade indicators released by the federal government typically contain data produced by the Census Bureau. The Bureaus various censuses and surveys help allocate over $400 billion in federal funds every year and help states, local communities, the Census Bureau is part of the U. S. Department of Commerce and its director is appointed by the President of the United States. The Census Bureau now conducts a population count every 10 years in years ending with a 0. Between censuses, the Census Bureau makes population estimates and projections, the Census Bureau is mandated with fulfilling these obligations, the collecting of statistics about the nation, its people, and economy. The Census Bureaus legal authority is codified in Title 13 of the United States Code, the Census Bureau also conducts surveys on behalf of various federal government and local government agencies on topics such as employment, crime, health, consumer expenditures, and housing. Within the bureau, these are known as surveys and are conducted perpetually between and during decennial population counts. The Census Bureau also conducts surveys of manufacturing, retail, service. Between 1790 and 1840, the census was taken by marshals of the judicial districts, the Census Act of 1840 established a central office which became known as the Census Office. Several acts followed that revised and authorized new censuses, typically at the 10-year intervals, in 1902, the temporary Census Office was moved under the Department of Interior, and in 1903 it was renamed the Census Bureau under the new Department of Commerce and Labor. The department was intended to consolidate overlapping statistical agencies, but Census Bureau officials were hindered by their role in the department. An act in 1920 changed the date and authorized manufacturing censuses every 2 years, in 1929, a bill was passed mandating the House of Representatives be reapportioned based on the results of the 1930 Census. In 1954, various acts were codified into Title 13 of the US Code, by law, the Census Bureau must count everyone and submit state population totals to the U. S. President by December 31 of any year ending in a zero. States within the Union receive the results in the spring of the following year, the United States Census Bureau defines four statistical regions, with nine divisions. The Census Bureau regions are widely used. for data collection, the Census Bureau definition is pervasive. Title 13 of the U. S. Code establishes penalties for the disclosure of this information, all Census employees must sign an affidavit of non-disclosure prior to employment. The Bureau cannot share responses, addresses or personal information with anyone including United States or foreign government, only after 72 years does the information collected become available to other agencies or the general public
United States Census Bureau
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Census headquarters in
Suitland, Maryland
United States Census Bureau
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Seal
United States Census Bureau
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A card puncher, part of the tabulation system used to compile the thousands of facts gathered by the Bureau. Holes are punched in the card according to a prearranged code transferring the facts from the census questionnaire into statistics.
9.
Time in the United States
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The time zone boundaries and DST observance are regulated by the Department of Transportation. The clocks run by these services are synchronized with each other as well as with those of other international timekeeping organizations. It is the combination of the zone and daylight saving rules, along with the timekeeping services. The use of solar time became increasingly awkward as railways. American railroads maintained many different time zones during the late 1800s, each train station set its own clock making it difficult to coordinate train schedules and confusing passengers. Time calculation became a problem for people travelling by train. Every city in the United States used a different time standard so there were more than 300 local sun times to choose from, Time zones were therefore a compromise, relaxing the complex geographic dependence while still allowing local time to be approximate with mean solar time. Railroad managers tried to address the problem by establishing 100 railroad time zones, operators of the new railroad lines needed a new time plan that would offer a uniform train schedule for departures and arrivals. Four standard time zones for the continental United States were introduced at noon on November 18,1883, the conference therefore established the Greenwich Meridian as the prime meridian and Greenwich Mean Time as the worlds time standard. The US time-zone system grew from this, in all zones referred back to GMT on the prime meridian. It is, within about 1 second, mean time at 0°. It does not observe daylight saving time and it is one of several closely related successors to Greenwich Mean Time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, standard time zones in the United States are currently defined at the federal level by law 15 USC §260. The federal law establishes the transition dates and times at which daylight saving time occurs. As of August 9,2007, the time zones are defined in terms of hourly offsets from UTC. Prior to this they were based upon the solar time at several meridians 15° apart west of Greenwich. Only the full-time zone names listed below are official, abbreviations are by common use conventions, the United States uses nine standard time zones. The Central standard time zone, which comprises roughly the Gulf Coast, Mississippi Valley, the Mountain standard time zone, which comprises roughly the states that include the Rocky Mountains
Time in the United States
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Marker showing the border of
Wayne County, Kentucky, and the Eastern Time Zone
Time in the United States
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Map of U.S. time zones between April 2, 2006, and March 11, 2007. The current situation is different only in that several
Indiana counties are now in the Eastern Time Zone instead of the Central Time Zone.
10.
Mountain Time Zone
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The clock time in this zone is based on the mean solar time at the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In the United States, the specification for the location of time zones. In the United States and Canada, this zone is generically called Mountain Time. Specifically, it is Mountain Standard Time when observing standard time, the term refers to the fact that the Rocky Mountains, which range from northwestern Canada to the US state of New Mexico, are located almost entirely in the time zone. In Mexico, this zone is known as the Pacific Zone. In the United States and Canada, the Mountain Time Zone is one ahead of the Pacific Time Zone and one hour behind the Central Time Zone. Sonora in Mexico and most of Arizona in the United States do not observe daylight saving time, and during the spring, summer, and autumn months they are on the same time as Pacific Daylight Time. The Navajo Nation, most of which lies within Arizona, does observe DST, although the Hopi Nation, as well as some Arizona state offices lying within the Navajo Nation, the largest city in the Mountain Time Zone is Phoenix, Arizona. TV broadcasting in the Mountain Time Zone is typically tape-delayed one hour, sonora – no daylight saving time, always on MST. Sinaloa Revillagigedo Islands, three of the four islands have the time as Mountain Time Zone, Isla Socorro, San Benedicto Island. The following states or areas are part of the Mountain Time Zone, Arizona – no daylight saving time, always on MST, except on the Navajo Nation. Colorado Idaho – southern half, south of the Salmon River Kansas – only the counties of Sherman, Wallace, Greeley and Hamilton, the remaining three counties that border Colorado, Cheyenne, Morton and Stanton, observe Central Time, as do all other Kansas counties. However, the state of Oklahoma is officially in the Central Time Zone. Additionally, northwestern Culberson County, Texas unofficially observes Mountain Time
Mountain Time Zone
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MST or UTC−07
11.
Coordinated Universal Time
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Coordinated Universal Time, abbreviated to UTC, is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time. It is within about 1 second of mean time at 0° longitude. It is one of closely related successors to Greenwich Mean Time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, the first Coordinated Universal Time was informally adopted on 1 January 1960. This change also adopted leap seconds to simplify future adjustments, a number of proposals have been made to replace UTC with a new system that would eliminate leap seconds, but no consensus has yet been reached. Leap seconds are inserted as necessary to keep UTC within 0.9 seconds of universal time, see the Current number of leap seconds section for the number of leap seconds inserted to date. The official abbreviation for Coordinated Universal Time is UTC and this abbreviation arose from a desire by the International Telecommunication Union and the International Astronomical Union to use the same abbreviation in all languages. English speakers originally proposed CUT, while French speakers proposed TUC, the compromise that emerged was UTC, which conforms to the pattern for the abbreviations of the variants of Universal Time. Time zones around the world are expressed using positive or negative offsets from UTC, the westernmost time zone uses UTC−12, being twelve hours behind UTC, the easternmost time zone, theoretically, uses UTC+12, being twelve hours ahead of UTC. In 1995, the nation of Kiribati moved those of its atolls in the Line Islands from UTC-10 to UTC+14 so that the country would all be on the same day. UTC is used in internet and World Wide Web standards. The Network Time Protocol, designed to synchronise the clocks of computers over the internet, computer servers, online services and other entities that rely on having a universally accepted time use UTC as it is more specific than GMT. If only limited precision is needed, clients can obtain the current UTC from a number of official internet UTC servers, for sub-microsecond precision, clients can obtain the time from satellite signals. UTC is also the standard used in aviation, e. g. for flight plans. Weather forecasts and maps all use UTC to avoid confusion about time zones, the International Space Station also uses UTC as a time standard. Amateur radio operators often schedule their radio contacts in UTC, because transmissions on some frequencies can be picked up by many time zones, UTC is also used in digital tachographs used on large goods vehicles under EU and AETR rules. UTC divides time into days, hours, minutes and seconds, days are conventionally identified using the Gregorian calendar, but Julian day numbers can also be used. Each day contains 24 hours and each hour contains 60 minutes, the number of seconds in a minute is usually 60, but with an occasional leap second, it may be 61 or 59 instead
Coordinated Universal Time
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Key concepts
Coordinated Universal Time
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World map of current time zones
12.
Daylight saving time
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Daylight saving time is the practice of advancing clocks during summer months by one hour so that evening daylight lasts an hour longer, while sacrificing normal sunrise times. Typically, regions that use Daylight Savings Time adjust clocks forward one hour close to the start of spring, American inventor and politician Benjamin Franklin proposed a form of daylight time in 1784. New Zealander George Hudson proposed the idea of saving in 1895. The German Empire and Austria-Hungary organized the first nationwide implementation, starting on April 30,1916, many countries have used it at various times since then, particularly since the energy crisis of the 1970s. The practice has both advocates and critics, DST clock shifts sometimes complicate timekeeping and can disrupt travel, billing, record keeping, medical devices, heavy equipment, and sleep patterns. Computer software often adjusts clocks automatically, but policy changes by various jurisdictions of DST dates, industrialized societies generally follow a clock-based schedule for daily activities that do not change throughout the course of the year. The time of day that individuals begin and end work or school, North and south of the tropics daylight lasts longer in summer and shorter in winter, with the effect becoming greater as one moves away from the tropics. However, they will have one hour of daylight at the start of each day. Supporters have also argued that DST decreases energy consumption by reducing the need for lighting and heating, DST is also of little use for locations near the equator, because these regions see only a small variation in daylight in the course of the year. After ancient times, equal-length civil hours eventually supplanted unequal, so civil time no longer varies by season, unequal hours are still used in a few traditional settings, such as some monasteries of Mount Athos and all Jewish ceremonies. This 1784 satire proposed taxing window shutters, rationing candles, and waking the public by ringing church bells, despite common misconception, Franklin did not actually propose DST, 18th-century Europe did not even keep precise schedules. However, this changed as rail transport and communication networks came to require a standardization of time unknown in Franklins day. Modern DST was first proposed by the New Zealand entomologist George Hudson, whose shift work job gave him time to collect insects. An avid golfer, he also disliked cutting short his round at dusk and his solution was to advance the clock during the summer months, a proposal he published two years later. The proposal was taken up by the Liberal Member of Parliament Robert Pearce, a select committee was set up to examine the issue, but Pearces bill did not become law, and several other bills failed in the following years. Willett lobbied for the proposal in the UK until his death in 1915, william Sword Frost, mayor of Orillia, Ontario, introduced daylight saving time in the municipality during his tenure from 1911 to 1912. Starting on April 30,1916, the German Empire and its World War I ally Austria-Hungary were the first to use DST as a way to conserve coal during wartime, Britain, most of its allies, and many European neutrals soon followed suit. Russia and a few other countries waited until the year
Daylight saving time
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Ancient
water clock that lets hour lengths vary with season.
Daylight saving time
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G. V. Hudson invented modern DST, proposing it first in 1895.
Daylight saving time
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Retailers generally favor DST.
United Cigar Stores hailed a 1918 DST bill.
Daylight saving time
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William Willett independently proposed DST in 1907 and advocated it tirelessly.
13.
National Register of Historic Places
–
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States federal governments official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation. The passage of the National Historic Preservation Act in 1966 established the National Register, of the more than one million properties on the National Register,80,000 are listed individually. The remainder are contributing resources within historic districts, each year approximately 30,000 properties are added to the National Register as part of districts or by individual listings. For most of its history the National Register has been administered by the National Park Service and its goals are to help property owners and interest groups, such as the National Trust for Historic Preservation, coordinate, identify, and protect historic sites in the United States. While National Register listings are mostly symbolic, their recognition of significance provides some financial incentive to owners of listed properties, protection of the property is not guaranteed. During the nomination process, the property is evaluated in terms of the four criteria for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places, the application of those criteria has been the subject of criticism by academics of history and preservation, as well as the public and politicians. Occasionally, historic sites outside the proper, but associated with the United States are also listed. Properties can be nominated in a variety of forms, including individual properties, historic districts, the Register categorizes general listings into one of five types of properties, district, site, structure, building, or object. National Register Historic Districts are defined geographical areas consisting of contributing and non-contributing properties, some properties are added automatically to the National Register when they become administered by the National Park Service. These include National Historic Landmarks, National Historic Sites, National Historical Parks, National Military Parks/Battlefields, National Memorials, on October 15,1966, the Historic Preservation Act created the National Register of Historic Places and the corresponding State Historic Preservation Offices. Initially, the National Register consisted of the National Historic Landmarks designated before the Registers creation, approval of the act, which was amended in 1980 and 1992, represented the first time the United States had a broad-based historic preservation policy. To administer the newly created National Register of Historic Places, the National Park Service of the U. S. Department of the Interior, hartzog, Jr. established an administrative division named the Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation. Hartzog charged OAHP with creating the National Register program mandated by the 1966 law, ernest Connally was the Offices first director. Within OAHP new divisions were created to deal with the National Register, the first official Keeper of the Register was William J. Murtagh, an architectural historian. During the Registers earliest years in the late 1960s and early 1970s, organization was lax and SHPOs were small, understaffed, and underfunded. A few years later in 1979, the NPS history programs affiliated with both the U. S. National Parks system and the National Register were categorized formally into two Assistant Directorates. Established were the Assistant Directorate for Archeology and Historic Preservation and the Assistant Directorate for Park Historic Preservation, from 1978 until 1981, the main agency for the National Register was the Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service of the United States Department of the Interior. In February 1983, the two assistant directorates were merged to promote efficiency and recognize the interdependency of their programs, jerry L. Rogers was selected to direct this newly merged associate directorate
National Register of Historic Places
–
Logo used for the NRHP.
National Register of Historic Places
–
Old Slater Mill, a historic district in
Pawtucket, Rhode Island, was the first property listed in the National Register on November 13, 1966.
National Register of Historic Places
–
The
Loren Andrus Octagon House in
Washington, Michigan has been on the NRHP since September 3, 1971.
National Register of Historic Places
–
Built in 1800 by
Samuel McIntire in
Salem, the
Stephen Phillips House is operated as a
historic house museum by
Historic New England and open for public tours.
14.
Colorado counties
–
The U. S. state of Colorado is divided into 64 counties. Counties are important units of government in Colorado since the state has no secondary civil subdivisions, two of these counties, the City and County of Denver and the City and County of Broomfield, have consolidated city and county governments. Colorados ISO 3166-2, US state code is CO and its ANSI INCITS38,2009 state code is 08, when the Colorado Territory first began creating counties in 1861,17 counties and a Cheyenne Reserve were formed. In February 1866, the first new county, Las Animas, was created, followed by Saguache in December of that year, Bent County was created in February 1870, followed by Greenwood the following month. On February 2,1874, Grand County and Elbert County were formed, and on February 10, La Plata, Hinsdale, Greenwood was absorbed into Bent on February 5. The last county to be created under the Colorado Territory name was San Juan County, by the time Colorado became a state on August 1,1876, it had only 26 counties. In January 1877, Routt and Ouray were formed, which was followed by Gunnison, in February 1879, Chaffee County was created. From February 8–10,1879, Lake county was renamed Carbonate County, in 1881, Dolores County and Pitkin County were created. In 1883, Montrose, Mesa, Garfield, Eagle, Delta, the number rose to 40 in 1885 with the creation of Archuleta County on April 14. Washington County and Logan County were both created in 1887, by 1900, Mineral County and Teller County had been added. On November 15,1902, Arapahoe County split into Adams in the north, by 1912, Jackson County, Moffat County, and Crowley County had been created. Alamosa was created in 1913, and in 2001, Broomfield was recognized as a city-county, costilla County was the first area within the present State of Colorado to be settled by Europeans in 1851. Taos County, created by the Territory of New Mexico in 1852, was the first organized county to extend into the area of the present State of Colorado. Arapahoe County, created by the Territory of Kansas in 1855, was the first county created exclusively within the area of the present State of Colorado, on November 28,1859, the extralegal Territory of Jefferson created 12 counties,5. On November 1,1861, the Territory of Colorado created the 17 original Colorado counties,6, of the 17 original Colorado counties created in 1861, only Gilpin County and Clear Creek County have retained their original boundaries with only minor survey changes. Guadalupe County was the first Colorado county to be renamed in 1861, Las Animas County was the first new Colorado county to be created after the original 17 counties. Greenwood County was the longest lived former Colorado county, existing four years from 1870 to 1874, in 1876, San Juan County became the last county created by the Territory of Colorado. In 1877, Ouray County became the first county created by the new State of Colorado, Carbonate County was the shortest lived former Colorado county, existing only two days in 1879 before being dissolved
Colorado counties
–
Adams
15.
U.S. state
–
A U. S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America. There are 50 states, which are together in a union with each other. Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a geographic territory. Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the government, Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons covered by certain types of court orders. States range in population from just under 600,000 to over 39 million, four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names. States are divided into counties or county-equivalents, which may be assigned some local authority but are not sovereign. County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state, State governments are allocated power by the people through their individual constitutions. All are grounded in principles, and each provides for a government. States possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, Constitution has been amended, and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed. The general tendency has been toward centralization and incorporation, with the government playing a much larger role than it once did. There is a debate over states rights, which concerns the extent and nature of the states powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government. States and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a legislature consisting of the Senate. Each state is represented in the Senate by two senators, and is guaranteed at least one Representative in the House, members of the House are elected from single-member districts. Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census, the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50, alaska and Hawaii are the most recent states admitted, both in 1959. The Constitution is silent on the question of states have the power to secede from the Union. Shortly after the Civil War, the U. S. Supreme Court, in Texas v. White, as a result, while the governments of the various states share many similar features, they often vary greatly with regard to form and substance
U.S. state
–
U.S. states
16.
2010 United States Census
–
The 2010 United States Census, is the twenty-third and currently most recent United States national census. National Census Day, the day used for the census, was April 1,2010. As part of a drive to increase the accuracy,635,000 temporary enumerators were hired. The population of the United States was counted as 308,745,538, as required by the United States Constitution, the U. S. census has been conducted every 10 years since 1790. The 2000 U. S. Census was the previous census completed, participation in the U. S. Census is required by law in Title 13 of the United States Code. On January 25,2010, Census Bureau Director Robert Groves personally inaugurated the 2010 Census enumeration by counting World War II veteran Clifton Jackson, more than 120 million census forms were delivered by the U. S. Post Office beginning March 15,2010, the number of forms mailed out or hand-delivered by the Census Bureau was approximately 134 million on April 1,2010. The 2010 Census national mail participation rate was 74%, from April through July 2010, census takers visited households that did not return a form, an operation called non-response follow-up. In December 2010, the Census Bureau delivered population information to the president for apportionment, personally identifiable information will be available in 2082. The Census Bureau did not use a form for the 2010 Census. In several previous censuses, one in six households received this long form, the 2010 Census used only a short form asking ten basic questions, How many people were living or staying in this house, apartment, or mobile home on April 1,2010. Were there any additional people staying here on April 1,2010 that you did not include in Question 1, mark all that apply, Is this house, apartment, or mobile home – What is your telephone number. What is Person 1s age and Person 1s date of birth, is Person 1 of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. Does Person 1 sometimes live or stay somewhere else, the form included space to repeat some or all of these questions for up to twelve residents total. In contrast to the 2000 census, an Internet response option was not offered, detailed socioeconomic information collected during past censuses will continue to be collected through the American Community Survey. The survey provides data about communities in the United States on a 1-year or 3-year cycle, depending on the size of the community, rather than once every 10 years. A small percentage of the population on a basis will receive the survey each year. In June 2009, the U. S. Census Bureau announced that it would count same-sex married couples, however, the final form did not contain a separate same-sex married couple option
2010 United States Census
–
President Obama completing his census form in the
Oval Office on March 29, 2010.
2010 United States Census
–
Seal of the
U.S. Census Bureau
17.
Summit County, Colorado
–
Summit County is one of the 64 counties in the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 27,994, Summit County comprises the Breckenridge, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area. Summit County was organized as one of the seventeen original Colorado counties by the First Territorial Legislature on November 1,1861 and it was named for the many mountain summits in the county. Until February 2,1874, its boundaries included the area now comprising Summit County, Grand County, Routt County, Moffat County, Garfield County, Eagle County, and Rio Blanco County. In 1874, the half of the original Summit County was split off to form Grand County, with the creation of Garfield and Eagle counties in 1883. In addition, Summit County has seen two major boom eras, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 619 square miles, of which 608 square miles is land and 11 square miles is water. The population density was 39 people per square mile, there were 24,201 housing units at an average density of 40 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 84% White,0. 68% Black or African American,0. 48% Native American,0. 87% Asian,0. 07% Pacific Islander,3. 96% from other races, and 2. 10% from two or more races. 9. 79% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,21. 60% of all households were made up of individuals and 1. 60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the family size was 2.86. In the county, the population was out with 17. 40% under the age of 18,15. 70% from 18 to 24,44. 30% from 25 to 44,19. 40% from 45 to 64. The median age was 31 years, for every 100 females there were 139.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 144.90 males, the median income for a household in the county was $56,587, and the median income for a family was $66,914. Males had an income of $33,741 versus $27,017 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,676, about 3. 10% of families and 9. 00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4. 30% of those under age 18 and 3. 40% of those age 65 or over. The 2012 average real estate prices in Summit County were $708,660 for a family home, $359,536 for a condo, townhome or duplex
Summit County, Colorado
–
Summit County court house in
Breckenridge
Summit County, Colorado
–
Snowmelt runoff fills
Lake Dillon in Summit County
Summit County, Colorado
–
Gold specimen from the Breckenridge Mining District
18.
Moffat County, Colorado
–
Moffat County is the northwesternmost of the 64 counties in the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 13,795, Moffat County comprises the Craig, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Steamboat Springs-Craig, CO Combined Statistical Area. Moffat County was created out of the portion of Routt County on February 27,1911. The county was named for David H. Moffat, a Colorado tycoon who died in 1911 and his railroad, the Denver, Northwestern & Pacific, attempted to build a route from Denver to Salt Lake City. In 1913, a railroad, the Denver & Salt Lake, reached as far as Craig, the county seat. In the late 1890s and early 1900s, all Colorado District Courts were held in Denver, Colorado, in the State courthouse there, all murder trials were held in Denver, in the District Courts. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,751 square miles. It is the second-largest county by area in Colorado. S, the population density was 3 people per square mile. There were 5,635 housing units at a density of 1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 93. 61% White,0. 21% Black or African American,0. 88% Native American,0. 33% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,3. 17% from other races, and 1. 77% from two or more races. 9. 46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,23. 60% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the family size was 3.05. In the county, the population was out with 28. 50% under the age of 18,8. 60% from 18 to 24,29. 90% from 25 to 44,23. 80% from 45 to 64. The median age was 35 years, for every 100 females there were 107.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.20 males, the median income for a household in the county was $41,528, and the median income for a family was $45,511. Males had an income of $37,288 versus $22,080 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,540, about 6. 90% of families and 8. 30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8. 30% of those under age 18 and 9. 30% of those age 65 or over
Moffat County, Colorado
–
Wolf Creek Wildlife Management Area in Moffat County, Colorado
Moffat County, Colorado
–
Entering Moffat County from the east on U.S. Route 40.
19.
Routt County, Colorado
–
Routt County is one of the 64 counties in the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 23,509, the county seat is Steamboat Springs. Routt County comprises the Steamboat Springs, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area, placer gold was found near Hahns Peak in 1864 as part of the Colorado Gold Rush. Routt County was created out of the portion of Grand County on January 29,1877. It was named in honor of John Long Routt, the last territorial, the western portion of Routt County was split off to form Moffat County on February 27,1911. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 2,368 square miles. The population density was 8 people per square mile, there were 11,217 housing units at an average density of 5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 90% White,0. 13% Black or African American,0. 49% Native American,0. 39% Asian,0. 09% Pacific Islander,0. 73% from other races, and 1. 28% from two or more races. 3. 22% of the population were Hispanic Latino of any race,24. 40% of all households were made up of individuals and 3. 70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the family size was 2.92. In the county, the population was out with 22. 60% under the age of 18,10. 10% from 18 to 24,36. 50% from 25 to 44,25. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 35 years, for every 100 females there were 116.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 119.40 males, the median income for a household in the county was $53,612, and the median income for a family was $61,927. Males had an income of $36,997 versus $26,576 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,792, about 2. 80% of families and 6. 10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5. 20% of those under age 18 and 7. 70% of those age 65 or over. Routt County used to be a Republican leaning county, but it has started to trend heavily Democratic, in 2016, Hillary Clinton won the county 54-37. The last Republican to win the county was George W. Bush in 2000, bill Clinton won pluralities in 1992 and 1996. However, from 1968 to 1988, Republicans won majorities in the county, lyndon Johnson won Routt by a healthy margin of 63-37 in 1964
Routt County, Colorado
–
Entering Routt County from the west on U.S. Route 40.
20.
North Park (Colorado basin)
–
North Park is a high, sparsely populated basin in the Rocky Mountains in north central Colorado in the United States. The valley receives its name from being the northernmost of the three mountain valleys in Colorado on the western side of the Front Range. The others are Middle Park and South Park respectively, the basin opens out northward into Wyoming, in the direction of flow of the North Platte. On the east side, it is rimmed by the Medicine Bow Mountains, the Never Summer Mountains and Rabbit Ears Range to the south, the continental divide rims the Park along the south and west. The primary economic activities in the valley are cattle ranching and timber harvesting, the largest community in the valley is Walden, the Jackson County seat, that sits near the middle of the valley near the confluence of the Michigan and Illinois rivers. Smaller communities in the include the unincorporated hamlets of Gould. The valley is crossed east-west by State Highway 14, which enters from the east over Cameron Pass, providing a link to the Poudre Canyon and Fort Collins. Highway 14 enters from the west over Muddy Pass which provides access to Steamboat Springs and it is crossed north-south by State Highway 125, which enters from the north along the course of the North Platte. It enters from the south over Willow Creek Pass, providing access to the end of Middle Park near Granby. The valley along the Illinois River is the location of the Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge, the valley floor is underlain by Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks that form a structural basin. The stratigraphy is similar to that in adjacent basins such as the Green River Basin to the west, petroleum has long been produced from anticlinal traps of the Muddy Sandstone at North McCallum and South McCallum oil fields. In 2007, North Park produced 96 thousand barrels of oil and 1.3 billion cubic feet of gas from 153 wells. In 2008 EOG Resources announced great success in drilling and completing horizontal oil wells in the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation, map from North Park-Medicine Bow Mountains Project, USGS Walden/North Park Chamber of Commerce Colorado Historical Society
North Park (Colorado basin)
–
Log structure near Rand, Colorado, at the southern end of North Park. The view is southwards towards Willow Creek Pass.
21.
Larimer County, Colorado
–
Larimer County is one of the 64 counties in the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 299,630, the county seat and most populous city is Fort Collins. The county was named for William Larimer, Jr. the founder of Denver, Larimer County comprises the Fort Collins, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is located at the end of the Front Range. Larimer County was created in 1861 as one of seventeen counties in the Colorado Territory, however. Controversy existed as to whether Larimer County ended at the Medicine Bow Range or at the Continental Divide thirty miles farther west. An 1886 Colorado Supreme Court decision set the boundary at the Continental Divide, the mining boom almost entirely passed the county by. It would take the introduction of irrigation to the region in the 1860s to bring the first widespread settlement to the area, in 1828 William H. Ashley ascended the Cache la Poudre River on his way to the Green River in present-day Utah. The river itself received its name in the middle 1830s from an incident in which French-speaking trappers hid gunpowder along its banks. In 1848 a group of Cherokee crossed through the county following the North Fork of the Poudre to the Laramie Plains on their way to California along a route that became known as the Cherokee Trail. The first U. S. settlers arrived that year in a party led by Antoine Janis from Fort Laramie. Nearly simultaneously, Mariano Medina established Fort Namaqua along the Big Thompson River just west of present-day Loveland, the first irrigation canals were established along the Poudre in the 1860s. In 1861, Laporte was designated as the first county seat after the organization of the Colorado Territory, in 1862, the United States Army established an outpost near Laporte that was designated as Camp Collins. A devastating flood in June 1864 wiped out the outpost, forcing the Army to seek a better location, at the urging of Joseph Mason, who had settled along the Poudre in 1860, the Army relocated its post downstream adjacent to Masons land along the Overland stage route. The site of the new post became the nucleus of the town of Fort Collins, by that time, Mason and others had convinced the Colorado Territorial Legislature to designate the new town as the county seat. Cameron and other members of the Greeley Colony established the Fort Collins Agricultural Colony, one of the primary goals of the early citizens of the county was the courting of railroads. County residents were disappointed when the Denver Pacific Railroad bypassed the county in 1870 in favor of Greeley, the first railroad finally arrived in the county in 1877 when the Colorado Central Railroad extended a line north from Golden via Longmont to Cheyenne. The town council of Fort Collins designated right-of-way through the center of town for the line, along the new railroad sprung up the new platted towns of Loveland and Berthoud, named respectively after the president and chief surveyor of the Colorado Central
Larimer County, Colorado
–
Wagon trail pass near
Fort Collins, Colorado, from a 7 June 1859 sketch
Larimer County, Colorado
–
Location in the state of
Colorado
Larimer County, Colorado
–
Fall colors, Poudre Canyon
Larimer County, Colorado
–
Greyrock Mountain trail
22.
U.S. Census Bureau
–
The United States Census Bureau is a principal agency of the U. S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureaus primary mission is conducting the U. S. Census every ten years, in addition to the decennial census, the Census Bureau continually conducts dozens of other censuses and surveys, including the American Community Survey, the U. S. Economic Census, and the Current Population Survey, furthermore, economic and foreign trade indicators released by the federal government typically contain data produced by the Census Bureau. The Bureaus various censuses and surveys help allocate over $400 billion in federal funds every year and help states, local communities, the Census Bureau is part of the U. S. Department of Commerce and its director is appointed by the President of the United States. The Census Bureau now conducts a population count every 10 years in years ending with a 0. Between censuses, the Census Bureau makes population estimates and projections, the Census Bureau is mandated with fulfilling these obligations, the collecting of statistics about the nation, its people, and economy. The Census Bureaus legal authority is codified in Title 13 of the United States Code, the Census Bureau also conducts surveys on behalf of various federal government and local government agencies on topics such as employment, crime, health, consumer expenditures, and housing. Within the bureau, these are known as surveys and are conducted perpetually between and during decennial population counts. The Census Bureau also conducts surveys of manufacturing, retail, service. Between 1790 and 1840, the census was taken by marshals of the judicial districts, the Census Act of 1840 established a central office which became known as the Census Office. Several acts followed that revised and authorized new censuses, typically at the 10-year intervals, in 1902, the temporary Census Office was moved under the Department of Interior, and in 1903 it was renamed the Census Bureau under the new Department of Commerce and Labor. The department was intended to consolidate overlapping statistical agencies, but Census Bureau officials were hindered by their role in the department. An act in 1920 changed the date and authorized manufacturing censuses every 2 years, in 1929, a bill was passed mandating the House of Representatives be reapportioned based on the results of the 1930 Census. In 1954, various acts were codified into Title 13 of the US Code, by law, the Census Bureau must count everyone and submit state population totals to the U. S. President by December 31 of any year ending in a zero. States within the Union receive the results in the spring of the following year, the United States Census Bureau defines four statistical regions, with nine divisions. The Census Bureau regions are widely used. for data collection, the Census Bureau definition is pervasive. Title 13 of the U. S. Code establishes penalties for the disclosure of this information, all Census employees must sign an affidavit of non-disclosure prior to employment. The Bureau cannot share responses, addresses or personal information with anyone including United States or foreign government, only after 72 years does the information collected become available to other agencies or the general public
U.S. Census Bureau
–
Census headquarters in
Suitland, Maryland
U.S. Census Bureau
–
Seal
U.S. Census Bureau
–
A card puncher, part of the tabulation system used to compile the thousands of facts gathered by the Bureau. Holes are punched in the card according to a prearranged code transferring the facts from the census questionnaire into statistics.
23.
Gilpin County, Colorado
–
Gilpin County is the second-least extensive of the 64 counties of the U. S. state of Colorado, behind only the City and County of Broomfield. As of the 2010 census, the population was 5,441, the county seat is Central City. The county was formed in 1861, while Colorado was still a Territory, and was named after Colonel William Gilpin, Gilpin County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 150 square miles. It is the second-smallest county by area in Colorado, the population density was 32 people per square mile. There were 2,929 housing units at a density of 20 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 94. 37% White,0. 53% Black or African American,0. 82% Native American,0. 69% Asian,0. 19% Pacific Islander,1. 53% from other races, and 1. 87% from two or more races. 4. 25% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,26. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 3. 70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the family size was 2.81. In the county, the population was out with 21. 10% under the age of 18,5. 80% from 18 to 24,37. 40% from 25 to 44,30. 00% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 112.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.10 males, the median income for a household in the county was $51,942, and the median income for a family was $61,859. Males had an income of $38,560 versus $30,820 for females. The per capita income for the county was $26,148, about 1. 00% of families and 4. 00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1. 40% of those under age 18 and 6. 10% of those age 65 or over
Gilpin County, Colorado
–
The Gilpin Combined Court, the county courthouse.
Gilpin County, Colorado
–
1904 broadside bird's eye view or map of Gilpin County, Colorado, issued by the Gilpin County Chamber of Commerce and the Colorado map publisher
George Samuel Clason in 1904
24.
Boulder County, Colorado
–
Boulder County is one of the 64 counties of the U. S. state of Colorado of the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 294,567, the most populous municipality in the county and the county seat is Boulder. Boulder County comprises the Boulder, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Denver-Aurora, Boulder County was one of the original 17 counties created by the Territory of Colorado on November 1,1861. The county was named for Boulder City and Boulder Creek, so named because of the abundance of boulders in the area. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 740 square miles. Longs Peak, the parks highest summit at 4,345 meters elevation, is located in Boulder County, the population density was 392 people per square mile. There were 119,900 housing units at a density of 162 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 88. 54% White,0. 88% Black or African American,0. 61% Native American,3. 06% Asian,0. 06% Pacific Islander,4. 67% from other races, and 2. 18% from two or more races. 10. 46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,26. 30% of all households were made up of individuals and 5. 50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the family size was 3.03. In the county, the population was out with 22. 90% under the age of 18,13. 40% from 18 to 24,33. 60% from 25 to 44,22. 30% from 45 to 64. The median age was 33 years, for every 100 females there were 102.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.70 males, in 2014, the median income for a household in the county was $69,407, and the median income for a family was $94,938. Males had an income of $65,489 versus $48,140 for females. About 7. 0% of families and 14. 6% of the population were below the poverty line, Boulder County is divided into three districts each represented by a commissioner elected county-wide. The three commissioners comprise the county Board of Commissioners and represent the county as a whole, each commissioner must reside in their respective district and may be elected to a maximum of two four-year terms. The Board of County Commissioners are full-time public servants and approve the budget for the entire County government. The Board also oversees the management of 10 County departments and the operations of the county
Boulder County, Colorado
–
Boulder and the mountains to the west of the city
Boulder County, Colorado
–
Location in the state of
Colorado
25.
Clear Creek County, Colorado
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Clear Creek County is one of the 64 counties of the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 9,088, Clear Creek County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. It was named after Clear Creek, which runs down from the divide through the county. Idaho Springs was originally designated the county seat, but the county government was moved to Georgetown in 1867. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 396 square miles. In the 2012 election Barack Obama won over Mitt Romney 54% to 42%, as of the census of 2000, there were 9,322 people,4,019 households, and 2,608 families residing in the county. The population density was 24 people per square mile, there were 5,128 housing units at an average density of 13 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 37% White,0. 28% Black or African American,0. 73% Native American,0. 36% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,1. 02% from other races, and 1. 20% from two or more races. 3. 87% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,27. 20% of all households were made up of individuals and 4. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the family size was 2.81. In the county, the population was out with 22. 60% under the age of 18,5. 60% from 18 to 24,32. 60% from 25 to 44,32. 20% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 108.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.20 males, the median income for a household in the county was $50,997, and the median income for a family was $61,400. Males had an income of $41,667 versus $30,757 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,160, about 3. 00% of families and 5. 40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6. 80% of those under age 18 and 5. 60% of those age 65 or over. Idaho Springs Empire Georgetown Silver Plume Downieville-Lawson-Dumont Floyd Hill St
Clear Creek County, Colorado
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Clear Creek County, Colorado
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Location in the state of
Colorado
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Eagle County, Colorado
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Eagle County is one of the 64 counties of the U. S. state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 52,197, the county seat is the Town of Eagle. The county is named for the Eagle River, Eagle County comprises the Edwards, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area. Eagle County was created by the Colorado legislature on February 11,1883 and it was named after the Eagle River, which runs through the county. The county seat was set in Red Cliff, Colorado. The Ground Hog Mine, near Red Cliff, produced gold, one vein, or chimney, contained gold in crystalline form, cemented by iron, while the other contained wire gold in the form of rams horns. One of these horns is now on display in the Harvard Mineralogical Museum. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,692 square miles. Much of the county is taken up by White River National Forest, interstate 70 crosses the county from east to west. The Eagle River rises in the part of the county. It receives Gore Creek at Dowds Junction, and joins the Colorado River in the west, fryingpan River and the Roaring Fork River intersect the southwest corner of the county. The population density was 25 people per square mile, there were 22,111 housing units at an average density of 13 per square mile. 23. 24% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,20. 90% of all households were made up of individuals and 1. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the family size was 3.17. In the county, the population was out with 23. 50% under the age of 18,11. 40% from 18 to 24,42. 10% from 25 to 44,20. 00% from 45 to 64. The median age was 31 years, for every 100 females there were 121.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 125.80 males, the median income for a household in the county was $62,682, and the median income for a family was $68,226. Males had an income of $37,603 versus $30,579 for females
Eagle County, Colorado
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Location in the state of
Colorado
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Jackson County, Colorado
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Jackson County is a county in the state of Colorado. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,394, the county seat and only incorporated municipality in the county is Walden. Most of Jackson County is a relatively broad intermontane basin known as North Park. This basin opens north into Wyoming and is rimmed on the west by the Park Range, on the south by the Rabbit Ears Range and the Never Summer Mountains, and on the east by the Medicine Bow Mountains. Elevations range from 7,800 to 12,953 feet above sea level and is home to the waters of the North Platte River. The term park is derived from parc, the French word for game preserve, at one time North Park was filled with herds of deer, antelope and buffalo. There were so many buffalo in the area the Ute Tribe gave North Park the name Bull Pen, now deer, elk, and cattle vie for the same area. In November 1861, Colorado set up 17 counties for the state and this was where Jackson County would be carved out of in 1909. Before then, both Grand and Larimer Counties claimed the North Park area, in the beginning, no one paid much attention to North Park because it was hunting grounds of the Ute and Arapaho Indians. They fiercely defended these lands and the settlers were often afraid to venture in. When valuable minerals were discovered in North Park, Grand County claimed it as part of their county because they wanted the revenue it would provide. The residents didnt care much because the county seat for Grand County was closer than the one in Larimer County, but Larimer also claimed this county and it was contested all the way to the Colorado Supreme Court. In 1886 the court decided in favor of Larimer and this did not make the North Park residents very happy and they pushed for their own county until Jackson was formed. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 1,621 square miles. Jackson County contains the 71, 000-acre Colorado State Forest, the population density was 1 people per square mile. There were 1,145 housing units at a density of 1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 20% White,0. 25% Black or African American,0. 76% Native American,0. 06% Asian,1. 46% from other races,6. 53% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 28. 40% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.91
Jackson County, Colorado
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Jackson County courthouse in Walden Colorado
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Arapaho National Forest
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Arapaho National Forest is a National Forest located in north-central Colorado, United States. The facility is managed jointly with the Roosevelt National Forest and the Pawnee National Grassland from the United States Forest Service office in Fort Collins and it has a wildlife refuge which manages a protection for all birds and mammals. The combined facility of 1,730,603 acres is denoted as ARP by the Forest Service, separately, Arapaho National Forest consists of 723,744 acres. The forest is located in the Rocky Mountains, straddling the divide in the Front Range west of Denver. It was established on July 1,1908 by President Theodore Roosevelt, the forest includes part of the high Rockies and river valleys in the upper watershed of the Colorado River and South Platte River. The forest is largely in Grand and Clear Creek counties, but spills over into neighboring Gilpin, Park, Routt, Jackson, there are local ranger district offices located in Granby and Idaho Springs. The ponds also produce many insects and other invertebrates needed by most female waterfowl for successful egg laying and these insects also serve as an essential food item for the growth of ducklings and goslings during the summer months. The first waterfowl arrive in the spring when the ice vanishes in April, the peak migration occurs in late May when 5,000 or more ducks may be present. Canada geese have been reestablished in North Park and begin nesting during April, duck nesting usually starts in early June and peaks in late June. The forest produces about 9,000 ducklings and 150 to 200 goslings each year, the Fish and Wildlife Service expects that when refuge lands are fully acquired and developed, waterfowl production should increase significantly. There have been 198 bird species recorded in the forest, primary upland nesting species include the mallard, pintail, gadwall, and American wigeon. A number of diving ducks, including the lesser scaup and redhead, nest on the larger ponds, most species may be observed during the entire summer season. Fall migration reaches its height in late September or early October when up to 8,000 waterfowl may be present, the wetlands also attract numerous marsh, shore, and water birds. Sora and Virginia rails are numerous but seldom seen, if they are present, Wilsons phalarope, American avocet, willet, sandpipers, Greater yellowlegs, and dowitchers will be easy to observe. Other less common species include great blue heron, black-crowned night heron, American bittern, the upland hills harbor sage grouse year around with a winter population of more than 200 birds. Golden eagles, several species of hawks, and a prairie falcon circle the skies above in search of food. Their prey includes Richardsons ground squirrel, white-tailed prairie dog, badger, muskrat, beaver, coyote, and pronghorn are commonly observed. It is also possible to see a raccoon, red fox, mink, long-tailed weasel, as many as 400 mule deer have wintered here and up to 200 elk are frequently seen during the winter months
Arapaho National Forest
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Arapaho National Forest
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Arapaho National Recreation Area
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ANRA is under the jurisdiction of the Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest. Grand Lake is the largest natural lake in Colorado, collectively, these six lakes are known as The Great Lakes of Colorado. The Continental Divide National Scenic Trail passes through the recreation area
Arapaho National Recreation Area
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Green Ridge Campground in Arapaho NRA
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Byers Peak Wilderness
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The Byers Peak Wilderness is a U. S. Wilderness Area located in Arapaho National Forest in north central Colorado, the 8, 913-acre wilderness was established in 1993 and named after its highest point, Byers Peak. Byers Peak was named after William N. Byers, the first mayor of Hot Sulphur Springs and the founder of Colorados first newspaper, the wilderness contains two glacial lakes, two peaks over 12,500 feet, and 23 miles of trails
Byers Peak Wilderness
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Byers Peak Wilderness
Grand County, Colorado
