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History
HMS Bellerophon (1786)
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HMS Bellerophon, known to sailors as the "Billy Ruffian", was a ship of the line of the Royal Navy. A third-rate of 74 guns, she was launched in 1786. Bellerophon served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, mostly on blockades or convoy escort duties. She fought in three fleet actions: the Glorious First of June (1794), the Battle of the Nile (1798) and the Battle of Trafalgar (1805). While the ship was on blockade duty in 1815, Napoleon boarded Bellerophon so he could surrender to the ship's captain, ending 22 years of almost continuous war between Britain and France.
HMS Bellerophon, detail from Scene in Plymouth Sound in August 1815, an 1816 painting by John James Chalon
HMS Bellerophon, detail from Scene in Plymouth Sound in August 1815, an 1816 painting by John James Chalon
Anonymous drawing, c. 1786, of Bellerophon on the stocks at Frindsbury, prior to being launched
Anonymous drawing, c. 1786, of Bellerophon on the stocks at Frindsbury, prior to being launched
Sir Thomas Pasley, depicted as a rear-admiral in a 1795 portrait by Lemuel Francis Abbott. Bellerophon's first commander, he is shown wearing the Nava
Sir Thomas Pasley, depicted as a rear-admiral in a 1795 portrait by Lemuel Francis Abbott. Bellerophon's first commander, he is shown wearing the Naval Gold Medal he won while commanding her.
Lord Howe engaging the French Fleet under Adm Villaret on the 29th May, a 1799 aquatint after Nicholas Pocock, showing Howe's flagship, Queen Charlott
Lord Howe engaging the French Fleet under Adm Villaret on the 29th May, a 1799 aquatint after Nicholas Pocock, showing Howe's flagship, Queen Charlotte cutting the French line. Emerging through the smoke behind her and following the commander in chief through the line is Bellerophon.
Seventy-four (ship)
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The "seventy-four" was a type of two-decked sailing ship of the line, which nominally carried 74 guns. It was developed by the French navy in the 1740s, replacing earlier classes of 60- and 62-gun ships, as a larger complement to the recently-developed 64-gun ships. Impressed with the performance of several captured French seventy-fours, the British Royal Navy quickly adopted similar designs, classing them as third rates. The type then spread to the Spanish, Dutch, Danish and Russian navies.
Scale model of Achille, a typical French seventy-four of the Téméraire class at the beginning of the 19th century.
Scale model of Achille, a typical French seventy-four of the Téméraire class at the beginning of the 19th century.
Broadside of a French 74-gun ship from 1755 (1/24th scale model)
Broadside of a French 74-gun ship from 1755 (1/24th scale model)
Inner arrangement of a Russian 74-gun ship. Elements of Sané's design are present, but with a British-style layout.
Inner arrangement of a Russian 74-gun ship. Elements of Sané's design are present, but with a British-style layout.
Geometric and scenographic projection of a Venetian 74-gun Leon Trionfante-class ship, late 18th century.
Geometric and scenographic projection of a Venetian 74-gun Leon Trionfante-class ship, late 18th century.