1.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
–
Tulsa /ˈtʌlsə/ is the second-largest city in the state of Oklahoma and 47th-most populous city in the United States. As of July 2015, the population was 403,505 and it is the principal municipality of the Tulsa Metropolitan Area, a region with 981,005 residents in the MSA and 1,151,172 in the CSA. The city serves as the county seat of Tulsa County, the most densely populated county in Oklahoma, with urban development extending into Osage, Rogers, Tulsa was settled between 1828 and 1836 by the Lochapoka Band of Creek Native American tribe. For most of the 20th century, the city held the nickname Oil Capital of the World, once heavily dependent on the oil industry, Tulsa experienced economic downturn. Subsequent diversification efforts created a base in the energy, finance, aviation, telecommunications. The Tulsa Port of Catoosa, at the head of the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System, is the most inland port in the U. S. with access to international waterways. Two institutions of education within the city have sports teams at the NCAA Division I level, Oral Roberts University. It is situated on the Arkansas River at the foothills of the Ozark Mountains in northeast Oklahoma, the city has been called one of Americas most livable large cities by Partners for Livable Communities, Forbes, and Relocate America. FDi Magazine in 2009 ranked the city no.8 in the U. S. for cities of the future, in 2012, Tulsa was ranked among the top 50 best cities in the United States by BusinessWeek. People from Tulsa are called Tulsans, the area where Tulsa now exists was considered Indian Territory when it was first formally settled by the Lochapoka and Creek tribes in 1836. They established a settlement under the Creek Council Oak Tree at the present day intersection of Cheyenne Avenue. This area and this tree reminded Chief Tukabahchi and his group of trail of tear survivors of the bend in the river and their previous Creek Council Oak Tree back in the Talisi. They named their new settlement Tallasi, meaning old town in the Creek language, the area around Tulsa was also settled by members of the other so-called Five Civilized Tribes who had relocated to Oklahoma from the Southern United States. Most of modern Tulsa is located in the Creek Nation, with parts located in the Cherokee Nation, although Oklahoma was not yet a state during the Civil War, the Tulsa area did see its share of fighting. The Battle of Chusto-Talasah took place on the side of Tulsa. After the War, the tribes signed Reconstruction treaties with the government that in some cases required substantial land concessions. On January 18,1898, Tulsa was officially incorporated and elected its first mayor, Tulsa was a small town near the banks of the Arkansas River in 1901 when its first oil well, named Sue Bland No. Much of the oil was discovered on land whose mineral rights were owned by members of the Osage Nation under a system of headrights
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Downtown Tulsa's skyline in May 2008.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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The Meadow Gold sign has greeted Route 66 travelers in Tulsa for decades.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Cain's Ballroom came to be known as the "Carnegie Hall of Western Swing" in the early 20th century.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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A 1909 panoramic view of Tulsa
2.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
Pop music
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The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that the term "pop" refers to music performed by such artists as
the Rolling Stones (pictured here in a 2006 performance)
Pop music
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According to several sources,
MTV helped give rise to
pop stars such as
Michael Jackson and
Madonna; and Jackson and Madonna helped make MTV.
Pop music
3.
Universal Music Group
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Universal Music Group is an American-French global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris-based French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMGs global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California and it is considered one of the Big Three record labels, along with Sony Music and Warner Music Group. Universal Music was once the music attached to film studio Universal Pictures and its origins go back to the formation of the American branch of Decca Records in September 1934. The Decca Record Co. Ltd. of England spun American Decca off in 1939, MCA Inc. merged with American Decca in 1962. The present organization was formed when its parent company Seagram purchased PolyGram in May 1998, however, the name had first appeared in 1996 when MCA Music Entertainment Group was renamed Universal Music Group. The PolyGram acquisition included Deutsche Grammophon which traces its ancestry to Berliner Gramophone making Deutsche Grammophon UMGs oldest unit, UMGs Canadian unit traces its ancestry to a Berliner Gramophone breakaway firm the Compo Company. With the 2004 acquisition of Universal Studios by General Electric and merging with GEs NBC and this is the second time a music company has done so, the first being the separation of Time Warner and Warner Music Group. On June 25,2007, Vivendi completed its €1.63 billion purchase of BMG Music Publishing, after receiving European Union regulatory approval, doug Morris stepped down from his position as CEO on January 1,2011. Former chairman/CEO of Universal Music International Lucian Grainge was promoted to CEO of the company, Grainge later replaced him as chairman on March 9,2011. Morris became the chairman of Sony Music Entertainment on July 1,2011. With Grainges appointment as CEO at UMG, Max Hole was promoted to COO of UMGI, starting in 2011 UMGs Interscope Geffen A&M Records will be signing contestants from American Idol/Idol series. On January 2011, UMG announced it was donating 200,000 master recordings from the 1920s to 1940s to the Library of Congress for preservation, in March 2011, Barry Weiss became chairman & CEO of The Island Def Jam Music Group & Universal Republic Records. Both companies are restructuring under Weiss, in December 2011, David Foster was named Chairman of Verve Music Group. Among the other companies that had competed for the music business was Warner Music Group which was reported to have made a $2 billion bid. However, IMPALA has said it would fight the merger, coincidentally, UMG sister company StudioCanal has owned the EMI Films library for several years. On September 21,2012, the sale of EMI to UMG was approved in Europe, UMG divested Mute Records, Parlophone, Roxy Recordings, MPS Records, Cooperative Music, Now Thats What I Call Music. Jazzland, Universal Greece, Sanctuary Records, Chrysalis Records, EMI Classics, Virgin Classics, the Beatles recorded music library was allowed to remain with UMG despite being considered part of Parlophone and is now managed by UMGs reorganized Capitol Music Group worldwide. Robbie Williams, who had recorded for Chrysalis, had his transferred to Universals Island Records
Universal Music Group
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UMG headquarters in
Santa Monica,
California
Universal Music Group
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Universal Music Publishing Headquarters in Santa Monica, California.
Universal Music Group
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Capitol Music Group headquarters at the Capitol records Building in Hollywood.
4.
Mercury Records
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Mercury Records is an American-based record label owned by Universal Music Group. In the United States, it operates through Island Records, in the UK, Mercury Record Corporation was formed in the American city of Chicago in 1945 by Irving Green, Berle Adams, Ray Greenberg and Arthur Talmadge. They were a force in jazz and blues, classical music, rock and roll. Early in the history, Mercury opened two pressing plants, one in Chicago and the other in St. Louis, Missouri. With the use of presses and providing 24-hour turnaround, they went into direct competition with major recording labels such as Columbia, Decca, Capitol. By hiring two promoters, Tiny Hill and Jimmy Hilliard, they penetrated the pop market with such as Frankie Laine, Vic Damone, Tony Fontane. Rather than rely on radio airplay, Mercury initially relied on jukeboxes to promote their music, some early Mercury recordings featured a caricature of him as its logo. In 1947 Jack Rael, a musician and publicist/manager, persuaded Mercury to let Patti Page record a song that had planned to be done by Vic Damone. The budget was too small for them to hire a second singer to provide the parts to Page. The company released a number of recordings under the Mercury label as well as its subsidiaries. In addition, they leased and purchased material by independent labels, under their own label, Mercury released a variety of recording styles from classical music to psychedelic rock. However, its subsidiaries focused on their own specialized categories of music, Mercurys jazz division had two distinct and important fathers. John Hammond brought his expertise and connections when Mercury bought Keynote Records in the late 1940s, and Mercury was the issuing company and distributor for Norman Granzs pre-Norgran/Verve recordings. Although both Hammond and Granz had departed Mercury by the mid-1950s, they established the company in the jazz world, by the early 1960s, Mercury was releasing jazz under the flagship label and was an early leader in the new stereo sound releases. Highlights of the early and mid-1960s included albums by Quincy Jones, Buddy Rich, Cannonball Adderley, Charles Mingus, Dinah Washington, Sarah Vaughan, Max Roach, in the early 1950s, Norman Granz started his own record company, Norgran, which later became Verve. In an ironic twist, both Mercury and Verve are now owned by Universal Music Group and Mercurys jazz library falls under the Verve division. Since the early 1990s, Verve has reissued many Mercury jazz titles on CD, often taking care to use original master tapes, in 1962, Mercury began marketing a line of phonographs made by Philips bearing the Mercury brand name. In July 1967, Mercury Records became the first U. S. record company to release cassette music tapes, in 1969, Mercury changed its corporate name to Mercury Record Productions Inc. while its parent Conelco became North American Philips Corp after Philips brought control of the company
Mercury Records
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Divisions and subsidiaries
Mercury Records
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Mercury Records
5.
Island Records
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Island Records is a major record label that operates as a division of UMG Recordings, Inc. It was founded by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959, Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989. Three Island labels exist in the world, Island UK, Island US, and Island Australia, current key people of Island Records include Island president Darcus Beese, OBE and MD Jon Turner. Partially due to the labels significant legacy, Island remains one of UMGs pre-eminent record labels, Island Records was founded in Jamaica on 4 July 1959 by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong, and partially financed by Stanley Borden from RKO. Its name was inspired by the Harry Belafonte song Island in the Sun. Blackwell explained in 2009, “I loved music so much, I just wanted to get into it, or be as close to it as I could. ”Tom Hayes, the labels sales manager between 1965 and 1967, referred to the early period of the label in the UK as “organized chaos”. “My Boy Lollipop”, sung by Millie Small, was the labels first success in the UK, Blackwell explained in a 50-year-anniversary documentary that he was only interested in building long-term careers at that stage in time, rather than short-term projects. Suzette Newman has been a colleague of Chris Blackwells since working together in the early days of Island Records. Suzette Newman and Chris Salewicz were the editors for the book “The Story of Island Records, Blackwell relocated to England in May 1962 to garner greater levels of attention after the local Jamaican sound systems proved to be overwhelmingly successful. The vast majority of the artists who had signed to Blackwells fledgling label while he was in Jamaica agreed to allow the entrepreneur to release their music in the UK. While in England, Blackwell travelled throughout the city carrying his stock with him and he did not provide any copies to radio stations, as they would not play any of the Island music, the music was also not reviewed by the press. Meanwhile, Goodall left to start the Doctor Bird record label in 1965, Blackwell signed the Spencer Davis Group to the label. The group became popular and Island started their own independent series to spotlight UK rock talent. They signed artists like John Martyn, Fairport Convention, Free, by the late 1960s and early 1970s, they were a major label in England with artists like Roxy Music, King Crimson, Traffic, The Wailers, and many others. Blackwell had signed Bob Marley, and now Toots and the Maytals, in November 2016, Jackie Jackson described the formation of the group in a radio interview for Kool 97 FM Jamaica. Accompanied by Paul Douglas and Radcliffe Dougie Bryan in studio, Jackson explained, Were all original members of Toots, first it was Toots and the Maytals, three guys, Toots, Raleigh, and Jerry. …And then they were signed to Island Records, Chris Blackwell, and we were their recording band. One day we were summoned to Chris house, and he says, Alright gentleman, I think its time
Island Records
–
Island Records
6.
Cooking Vinyl
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Cooking Vinyl is a UK-based independent record company, founded in 1986 by former manager and booking agent Martin Goldschmidt and business partner Pete Lawrence. Goldschmidt remains the current owner and managing director, the company is based in Acton, London. Established in 1986, Cooking Vinyl has developed a reputation as one of Europes most innovative independent labels, key to the companys longevity is its emphasis on artist-driven deals with its pioneering introduction of bespoke services-only contracts that claim no stake in artists copyrights. The first such deal drawn up in 1993 with Billy Bragg who has since re-signed to the label a total of seven times, as for recent years,2015 and 2016 were remarkable for the label, described by Uncut magazine “a template for modern independent record companies”. After topping the charts in 2015 with The Prodigy’s “The Day is My Enemy”, both records qualified for a silver disc in the UK. This same year, Richard Ashcroft reached the UK top 3 with “These People”, in these years, Cooking Vinyl Australia notched up a number 1 album with Parkway Drive, and top 5 entries with City and Colour and Kate Miller-Heidke. In 1986 Cooking Vinyl famously recorded a live performance around a campfire at a folk festival by the singer Michelle Shocked. One of its first releases, Cooking Vinyl released the recording as The Campfire Tapes, as well as its more traditional royalty agreements, Cooking Vinyl is widely regarded as a pioneer of ‘artist services’ deals where the artist retains ownership of the copyrights. The company’s first such deal came in 1993 with a reissue of Billy Braggs Back To Basics compilation, since then, Bragg has re-signed to Cooking Vinyl a total of six times, most recently in 2013 for the release of studio album Tooth And Nail. Cooking Vinyl has consistently been in the forefront of the digital revolution and it was the first European label to do a deal with the MP3 download site eMusic and the first to enter negotiations with the peer to peer file-sharing company Kazaa. In 2005 Cooking Vinyl set up its own distribution company, Uploader. Who were in turn bought by The Orchard, Cooking Vinyl has had international success from the start with Michelle Shocked The Texas Campfire Tapes selling 250,000 worldwide. Other notable releases include the Cowboy Junkies Trinity Sessions and Ryan Adams debut solo studio album Heartbreaker in 2000, the album was funded through a high-profile Kickstarter campaign that raised over $1.2 million in 30 days. Another notable campaign from that year was the release of Marilyn Manson’s Born Villain under a partnership between Mansons own label Hell, etc. and Cooking Vinyl. The album was a success charting at #5 in Germany, #10 in the US. Across the rest of Europe the album peaked at #4 in Austria, #6 in France, in the UK Manson reached #14 in the Official Albums Chart and #1 in the UK Rock Albums Chart. Cooking Vinyl is noted for its long relationships with many of its artists, the Pixies Charles Thompson was signed in 2000 and has had 17 releases to date with the label as Frank Black and Black Francis. Since 1994, former Doll By Doll man Jackie Leven has had 23 releases, RED, the Sony Music UK artist and label services division, announced the acquisition of Essential Music and Marketing in March 2016
Cooking Vinyl
–
Cooking Vinyl
7.
Taylor Hanson
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Jordan Taylor Hanson is an American musician best known as a member of the pop rock band Hanson. He was born in Jenks Oklahoma and he sings both lead and back-up vocals, and plays keyboard, percussion, guitar, harmonica, and piano. He is also the singer of supergroup Tinted Windows. Taylor was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the second of seven born to Clarke Walker Hanson. His siblings are Isaac, Zac, Jessica, Avery, Mackenzie and Zoé. Taylor sings and plays keyboard and he and his older brother, Isaac, started the band with younger brother Zac in 1992, and were initially known as The Hanson Brothers. At the time, Isaac was eleven, Taylor was nine and they performed as an a cappella group outside clubs in their hometown of Tulsa. On May 6,1997, the released their first major studio album, Middle of Nowhere. The first single, MMMBop, made it to one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. May 6 has been declared Hanson Day in Tulsa in honor of the release of Middle of Nowhere, Taylor Hanson is a co-founder and co-CEO of 3CG Records, along with brothers Isaac and Zac Hanson. The band played their first publicized gig at SXSW in Austin and their first album was released on April 21,2009. On November 20,2016, Hanson performed A Song For You at the service for fellow Tulsa native Leon Russell. In June 2002, Hanson married Natalie Anne Bryant, whom he had met in 1999, the couple has five children, sons Jordan Ezra Hanson, River Samuel Hanson, and Viggo Moriah Hanson and daughters Penelope Anne Penny Hanson and Wilhelmina Jane Willa Hanson. Official website Tinted Windows Official Web Site Taylor Hanson at the Internet Movie Database
Taylor Hanson
–
Taylor Hanson
Taylor Hanson
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Taylor in concert in Madrid, 2000
8.
MMMBop
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MMMBop is a song written and performed by the American pop rock band Hanson and released as the lead single from their debut full length studio album, Middle of Nowhere, in 1997. The song was nominated for two Grammys at the 40th Annual Grammy Awards in February 1998 and is the bands most successful single to date. MMMBop was phenomenally successful, especially for a single, reaching number one in 27 countries including the United States. In the United Kingdom, the song sold 710,000 copies, the album version of the song was featured on the 1998 compilation album Now Thats What I Call Music. The song originally appeared on the 1996 independent album MMMBop as a ballad, all songs written by Isaac Hanson, Taylor Hanson and Zac Hanson. MMMBop –4,28 MMMBop –4,28 MMMBop –3,26 MMMBop –4,01 MMMBop Khris ONeil Remix at SoundCloud. com MMMBop remixes at chonnie. com Craig & The Craigettes perform MMMBop 10/7/09 on YouTube
MMMBop
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"MMMBop"
9.
Polygram
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PolyGram was a Dutch entertainment company, a division of Seagram. It started as a record label recording company founded by Philips. The name was chosen to reflect the Siemens interest Polydor Records, the company traced its origins through Deutsche Grammophon back to the inventor of the flat disk gramophone, Emil Berliner. Later on, PolyGram expanded into the largest global entertainment company, creating film, in May 1998, it was sold to Seagram which owned MCA Inc. PolyGram Music Group was merged into Universal Music Group, and PolyGram Filmed Entertainment was merged into Universal Pictures. When the new company faced difficulties, its parent Seagram was sold in large part to Vivendi. Vivendi is the current owner of UMG, in February 2017, Polygram Entertainment was re-launched as the film & television division of Universal Music Group. In 1929, Decca Records licensed record shop owner H. W. Van Zoelen as a distributor in the Netherlands, by 1931, his company Hollandsche Decca Distributie had become exclusive Decca distributor for all of the Netherlands and its colonies. Over the course of the 1930s, HDD put together its own facilities for A&R, recording, HDD was commercially successful during World War II because of the absence of American and British competition. Van Zoelen wanted to sell to Philips so that HDD would have sufficient financial backing when their major competitors returned after the war and this led Philips to purchase HDD in 1942. Philips labs were developing magnetic tape and LPs, and they could support eventual new formats, after the war, Philips built a large factory in Doetinchem to produce 78 rpm records. During the late 1940s, Philips combined its various businesses into Philips Phonografische Industrie. PPIs early growth was based on alliances, a merger was first proposed with Decca of London in late 1945, but was rejected by Edward Lewis, Deccas owner. In the early 1950s, Philips set itself the goal of making PPI the largest record company in Europe, PPIs second attempt at a merger was with Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft. DGG, owned by Siemens AG, and well known for its repertoire, had been the German licensee for Decca from 1935. PPI and DGG finally merged in 1962, the alliance with DGG still left PPI without repertoire in Britain or the United States. But in 1951, after Columbia had failed to renew its international distribution agreement with EMI, Columbia became PPIs distributor within the US. This agreement ran until 1961 when Columbia set up its own European network, PPI signed a worldwide distribution deal with Mercury Records in 1961
Polygram
–
Divisions and subsidiaries
10.
Middle of Nowhere (Hanson album)
–
Middle of Nowhere is the debut studio album by American pop rock group Hanson, and the first to be released on a major label, which was Polygram Records and Mercury Records. Released in 1997, it features slicker studio production compared to their previous indie efforts Boomerang, the band members were between the ages of 11 and 16 when it was released. Yearbook, one of the more dramatic songs, was not performed live until the recording of Middle of Nowhere Acoustic on May 5,2007. The album was received well by critics. David Browne of Entertainment Weekly said of the trio, lack of guile is Hansons most endearing quality. Middle of Nowhere yielded five singles, MMMBop, Wheres the Love, I Will Come to You, Weird, total sales worldwide are 10 million copies. The album sold just under 4 million in the US and sold 4 million copies in UK, all songs written by Isaac Hanson, Taylor Hanson and Zachary Hanson, except where noted. In Japan the song is track 14 because a live version of MMMBop serves as song 13, Man from Milwaukee was omitted from all cassettes and vinyl pressings of Middle of Nowhere. Some later reissues of the album omitted the tracks of silence, – drums David Campbell – conductor, string arrangements Abraham Laboriel – bass Neil Stubenhaus – bass B. J
Middle of Nowhere (Hanson album)
–
Middle of Nowhere
11.
Grammy
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
Grammy
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Grammy Awards
12.
Island Def Jam Music Group
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The Island Def Jam Music Group was an American record label group formed in 1998 by combining the operations of 14+ record labels including Island Records, Def Jam Recordings, and Mercury Records. In 2011, Motown Records was split from The Universal/Motown Records Group, on April 1,2014, Universal Music announced that Island Def Jams operations would be split between three entities, Island Records, Motown Records, and Def Jam Recordings. Despite being a new organization, Island Def Jam quickly made a name for itself in the music industry, the label gained notoriety for its untraditional and innovative approach when it came to breaking new artists, creating joint ventures, acquisitions, internet marketing, etc. IDJ had a great A&R team that oversaw chart-topping talent such as Jay-Z, Bon Jovi, DMX, Elton John and these savvy business moves are the reason IDJ prospered. In 2000, IDJMG announced that they would be launching Def Jam Germany and this move expanded urban music into a global phenomenon. In 2001, Island Def Jam created a label, Lost Highway Records. The label operated as an imprint of IDJs Mercury Records division, in Summer 2001, Island Def Jam acquired a controlling interest in the legendary rock label, Roadrunner Records. In December 2004, Island Def Jam acquired the remaining 50% interest in Roc-A-Fella Records, in 2011, Motown Records became an imprint of The Island Def Jam Music Group. In April 2014, UMG announced that Island Def Jam would cease to exist, IDJs operations were split up/separated between its flagship labels, Island Records, Def Jam Recordings, and Motown Records. Today, The Island Def Jam Music Group continues to one of the most impressive music catalogues in history. Chocolate City Records Artium Recordings Desert Storm Records Disturbing Tha Peace GOOD Music Radio Killa Records The Inc
Island Def Jam Music Group
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The Island Def Jam Music Group
13.
A cappella
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A cappella music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is usually accompanied singing, the term a cappella was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style. The term is used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. A cappella music was used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed. Gregorian chant is an example of a singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into a form, is also usually in a cappella form. Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella, and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam, the polyphony of Christian a cappella music began to develop in Europe around the late 15th century AD, with compositions by Josquin des Prez. The early a cappella polyphonies may have had an accompanying instrument, by the 16th century, a cappella polyphony had further developed, but gradually, the cantata began to take the place of a cappella forms. 16th century a cappella polyphony, nonetheless, continued to influence church composers throughout this period and to the present day. Recent evidence has shown some of the early pieces by Palestrina. Such is seen in the life of Palestrina becoming an influence on Bach. In the Byzantine Rite of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, bishop Kallistos Ware says, The service is sung, even though there may be no choir. In the Orthodox Church today, as in the early Church, singing is unaccompanied and this a cappella behavior arises from strict interpretation of Psalms 150, which states, Let every thing that hath breath praise the Lord. Divine Liturgies and Western Rite masses composed by composers such as Peter Tchaikovsky, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Alexander Arkhangelsky. Certain high church services and other events in liturgical churches may be a cappella. Many Mennonites also conduct some or all of their services without instruments, sacred Harp, a type of folk music, is an a cappella style of religious singing with shape notes, usually sung at singing conventions. Opponents of musical instruments in the Christian worship believe that opposition is supported by the Christian scriptures. There is no reference to music in early church worship in the New Testament
A cappella
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The Hullabahoos, a popular a cappella group at the
University of Virginia, were featured in the movie
Pitch Perfect
A cappella
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The Oxford Alternotives, the oldest a cappella group at the University of Oxford in the UK
A cappella
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The Sweet Nothings are one of the University of Exeter's eight A Capella groups. They are one of the oldest and most successful girl groups in the UK
A cappella
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The MadHatters are a collegiate a cappella group from the University of Wisconsin-Madison
14.
Johnny B. Goode
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Johnny B. Goode is a 1958 rock-and-roll song written and first recorded by Chuck Berry. The song was a hit among both black and white audiences, peaking at number 2 on Billboard magazines Hot R&B Sides chart. Johnny B. Goode is considered one of the most recognizable songs in the history of popular music, credited as the first rock & roll hit about rock & roll stardom, it has been recorded by many other artists and has received several honors and accolades. The song is ranked seventh on Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. Written by Berry in 1955, the song is about a country boy from the New Orleans area, who plays a guitar just like ringing a bell. Berry acknowledged that the song is partly autobiographical and that the lyrics referred to Johnny as a colored boy. As well as suggesting that the player is good, the title hints at autobiographic elements, because Berry was born at 2520 Goode Avenue. The song was inspired by Johnnie Johnson, the regular piano player in Berrys band. Johnson played on other recordings by Berry, but Lafayette Leake played the piano on this song. The opening guitar riff of Johnny B. Goode is essentially a copy of the opening single-note solo on Louis Jordans Aint That Just Like a Woman. Neither the guitar intro nor the solo are played at once, Berry played the introductory parts together with the rhythm guitar and later overdubbed the solo runs. Berry wrote three more songs involving the character Johnny B, Goode, Bye Bye Johnny, Go Go Go, and Johnny B. Blues, and titled an album, and the nearly 19-minute instrumental title track from it, Chuck Berry - vocals, guitars Lafayette Leake - piano Willie Dixon - bass Fred Below - drums In The Guardian, Joe Queenan wrote that Johnny B. In Billboard, Jason Upshutz stated that the song was the first rock-star origin story, the use of Johnny B. Goode in the 1973 coming-of-age comedy-drama American Graffiti resurrected the songs popularity, as it was used in one of the main scenes of the film. When Chuck Berry was inducted into the first Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on January 23,1986, he performed Johnny B. Goode and Rock and Roll Music, backed by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band. The Hall of Fame included these songs and Maybellene in their list of the 500 songs that shaped Rock and it was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999, for its influence as a rock and roll single. In the 1984 film Threads, the song is three times. The first time is when core characters Ruth Beckett and Jimmy Kemp discuss the future of their relationship before the outbreak of nuclear war, the second time is when Jimmy is at a pub, drinking with his mate
Johnny B. Goode
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"Johnny B. Goode"
Johnny B. Goode
–
"Johnny Be Good"
15.
Carman (singer)
–
Carmelo Domenic Licciardello known by his stage name, Carman, is a contemporary Christian music artist and evangelist. Carman was born in Trenton, New Jersey, as a child, he played drums in his mothers band, then as a teen, he formed his own group. Around the age of 20, he moved to California, while attending an Andraé Crouch concert, Carman became a born again Christian, and embraced evangelicalism. In 1980, he made an album titled Gods Not Finished with Me. The following year, he was invited by Bill Gaither to tour with The Bill Gaither Trio, after relocating to Tulsa, Oklahoma, he released a moderately successful eponymous debut album in 1982—which contained mostly novelty songs. Then, with the release of the live album Sundays On The Way in 1983, as he continued his music career, Carman established the nonprofit organization Carman Ministries. With the 1985 release of The Champion came his first number-one song, another live album, Radically Saved, came in 1988. Then 1989 brought Carman his first number one album, Revival in the Land, between 1987 and 1989, he was named Charisma magazines readers choice for favorite male vocalist. In 2000, the album Heart of a Champion came out with 30 of his best songs, in 2007, he updated his catalog with Instrument Of Praise. Carman has received 15 gold and platinum albums and videos and has sold over 10 million records and he holds the world record for the largest single Christian concert in history. He was the act in August 1993 in Johannesburg, South Africa with more than 50,000 in attendance. Beyond music, he participates in various productions and interview duties as a host for both the Trinity Broadcasting Network in general and its flagship program Praise the Lord. In 2001, Carman starred in the film Carman, The Champion, in November 2011, Carman was involved in an auto accident. He was in the seat when the driver made a left into the church parking lot in front of a crowd of fans waiting to get into the concert. A truck from oncoming traffic struck Carmans side at 50 mph, Carman was able to walk into the church, attempting to continue with the scheduled concert, but collapsed soon after. He was taken to a hospital just outside Houston, where he was examined and x-rayed, No broken bones or spinal injuries were found. However, internal injuries were found that required surgery, in late March 2013, Carman announced a Kickstarter campaign for a new album and music video. A short time later, he announced an upcoming 60-city tour, as well, as of December 2013, Carman had been in the hospital receiving chemotherapy treatments
Carman (singer)
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Carman
16.
David
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David was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the second king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah, reigning in c. He is described as a man after Gods own heart in 1 Samuel 13,14 and Acts 13,22. The Hebrew prophets regarded him as the ancestor of the future messiah, the New Testament says he was an ancestor of Jesus. God is angered when Saul, Israels king, unlawfully offers a sacrifice and later disobeys a divine instruction to not only all of the Amalekites. Consequently, he sends the prophet Samuel to anoint David, the youngest son of Jesse of Bethlehem, God sends an evil spirit to torment Saul. Sauls courtiers recommend that he send for David, a man skillful on the lyre, wise in speech, and brave in battle. So David enters Sauls service as one of the royal armour-bearers, and plays the lyre to soothe the king, war comes between Israel and the Philistines, and the giant Goliath challenges the Israelites to send out a champion to face him in single combat. David, sent by his father to bring provisions to his brothers serving in Sauls army, refusing the kings offer of the royal armour, he kills Goliath with his sling. Saul inquires the name of the heros father. Saul sets David over his army, all Israel loves David, but his popularity causes Saul to fear him. Saul plots his death, but Sauls son Jonathan, one of those who loves David, warns him of his fathers schemes and David flees. He becomes a vassal of the Philistine king Achish of Gath, but Achishs nobles question his loyalty, Jonathan and Saul are killed, and David is anointed king over Judah. In the north, Sauls son Ish-Bosheth is anointed king of Israel, with the death of Sauls son, the elders of Israel come to Hebron and David is anointed king over all Israel. He conquers Jerusalem, previously a Jebusite stronghold, and makes it his capital. He brings the Ark of the Covenant to the city, intending to build a temple for God, Nathan also prophesies that God has made a covenant with the house of David, Your throne shall be established forever. David wins more victories over the Philistines, while the Moabites, Edomites, Amalekites, Ammonites, during a battle to conquer the Ammonite capital of Rabbah, David seduces Bathsheba and causes the death of her husband Uriah the Hittite. In response, Nathan prophesies the punishment that shall fall upon him, in fulfillment of these words Davids son Absalom rebels. The rebellion ends at the battle of the Wood of Ephraim, Absaloms forces are routed, and Absalom is caught by his long hair in the branches of a tree, and killed by Joab, contrary to Davids order. Joab was the commander of Davids army, David laments the death of his favourite son, O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom
David
–
Statue of King David by
Nicolas Cordier in the Borghese Chapel of the
Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
David
–
Samuel anoints David,
Dura Europos,
Syria, 3rd century CE
David
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"David Giving Thanks to God After the Death of Goliath", 18th century painting attributed to
Charles Errard the Younger
David
–
David holds the impaled head of Goliath and marches before a general on a white horse, as envisioned by Poussin, ca. 1632
17.
Goliath
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Post-Classical Jewish traditions stressed Goliaths status as the representative of paganism, in contrast to David, the champion of the God of Israel. Saul and the Israelites are facing the Philistines in the Valley of Elah, David, bringing food for his elder brothers, hears that Goliath had defied the armies of God and of the reward from Saul to the one that defeats him, and accepts the challenge. Saul reluctantly agrees and offers his armor, which David declines, taking only his staff, sling, David and Goliath confront each other, Goliath with his armor and javelin, David with his staff and sling. David hurls a stone from his sling with all his might and hits Goliath in the center of his forehead, Goliath falls on his face to the ground, the Philistines flee and are pursued by the Israelites as far as Gath and the gates of Ekron. David puts the armor of Goliath in his own tent and takes the head to Jerusalem, the king asks whose son he is, and David answers, I am the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite. The first edition of the history was written at the court of Judahs King Josiah. These signs indicate that the Goliath story is made up of base-narrative with numerous additions made probably after the exile, the biblical account describes Goliath as falling on his face after he is struck by a stone that sank into his forehead. British rabbi Jonathan Magonet has discussed some of the difficulties this raises. In the first place, he notes that archaeological information suggests that Philistine helmets generally had a forehead covering, why should David aim at such an impenetrable spot. And why should Goliath fall forward when struck by something heavy enough to stop him, an answer to both questions, Magonet suggests, lies in the Hebrew word meitzach, normally translated forehead. A word almost identical with it appears earlier in the passage—the word mitzchat, then David removed the head of Goliath to show all that the giant was killed. A Goliath makes another appearance in 2 Samuel 21,19, which tells how Goliath the Gittite was killed by Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim, the Bethlehemite. The King James Bible translators adopted this into their translation of 2 Samuel 21, 18–19, most likely, storytellers displaced the deed from the otherwise obscure Elhanan onto the more famous character, David. Tell es-Safi, the biblical Gath and traditional home of Goliath, has been the subject of excavations by Israels Bar-Ilan University. The archaeologists have established that this was one of the largest of the Philistine cities until destroyed in the ninth century BC, a potsherd discovered at the site, and reliably dated to the tenth to mid-ninth centuries BC, is inscribed with the two names alwt and wlt. The name Goliath itself is non-Semitic and has linked with the Lydian king Alyattes. The underlying purpose of the story of Goliath is to show that Saul is not fit to be king. Saul was chosen to lead the Israelites against their enemies, but when faced with Goliath he refuses to do so, Goliath is a giant, and Saul is a very tall man
Goliath
–
David and Goliath, a colour lithograph by Osmar Schindler (c. 1888)
Goliath
–
David hoists the severed head of Goliath as illustrated by
Gustave Doré (1866).
Goliath
–
Goliath laughs at David, 1915, by
Ilya Repin
Goliath
–
David with the Head of Goliath, circa 1635, by
Andrea Vaccaro
18.
Boomerang (Hanson album)
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Boomerang is a demo album by American pop rock group Hanson. Released in 1995, it was an independent release, funded by the groups father and it is very uncommon to find this CD for sale anywhere, for only a large handful were produced. This album contains the version of the song More Than Anything. The song Lonely Boy includes a sample of Ill Be There by The Jackson 5. All songs written by Isaac Hanson, Taylor Hanson and Zachary Hanson except where noted. Boomerang –3,06 Poison Ivy –3,00 Lonely Boy –4,02 Dont Accuse –2,48 Rain –2,40 More Than Anything –6,07 The Love You Save –2,32 Back to the Island –4,07 More Than Anything –4,38
Boomerang (Hanson album)
–
Boomerang
19.
South By Southwest
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South by Southwest is an annual conglomerate of film, interactive media, and music festivals and conferences that take place in mid-March in Austin, Texas, United States. It began in 1987, and has continued to grow in scope and size every year. In 2011, the conference lasted for 10 days with SXSW Interactive lasting for 5 days, Music for 6 days, SXSW is run by the company SXSW, LLC which organizes conferences, trade shows, festivals, and other events. SXSW Music is the largest music festival of its kind in the world, SXSW Music offers artist-provided music and video samples of featured artists at each festival via their official YouTube channel. The music event has grown from 700 registrants in 1987 to over 28,000 registrants, SXSW Film and SXSW Interactive events have grown every year, most recently bringing over 51,000 registrants to Austin every March. Bands must cover their own expenses for travel and lodging at the event, All performers are offered a cash payment or a wristband package that allows access to all music events. SXSW Film Conference spans five days of conference panels and sessions, programming consists of keynote speakers, panels, workshops, mentor sessions and more, with expert filmmakers and industry leaders. In 2015, the SXSW Film Conference programmed over 250 sessions with 735 speakers, the SXSW Film Festival runs nine days, simultaneously with the SXSW Film Conference, and celebrates raw innovation and emerging talent both behind and in front of the camera. The SXSW Film Awards, which occur on the last day of the Film Conference, honor films selected by the Feature, in 2015, the SXSW Film Festival programmed 150 feature films and 106 short films, selected from 7,361 submissions. Past notable world premieres include Furious 7, Neighbors, Chef,21 Jump Street, The Cabin in the Woods, Bridesmaids and Insidious, and the TV series Girls, Silicon Valley and Penny Dreadful. SXSW Interactive is focused on emerging technology, a focus which has earned the festival a reputation as a ground for new ideas. The festival includes a show, speakers, parties. According to a festival organizer Louis Black, SXSW Interactive has probably been the biggest of its kind in the world since 2007, Louis Meyers, a booking agent and musician, was also brought on board. Black came up with the name, as a play on the name of the Alfred Hitchcock film North by Northwest, the event was first held in March 1987. The organizers considered it an event and expected around 150 attendees to show up, but over 700 came. Meyers left Austin and the festival in the early 1990s, but Black, Barbaro, singer-songwriter Michelle Shocked was the keynote speaker at the 1992 South by Southwest. In 1993, SXSW moved into the Austin Convention Center, where it is still held, in 1994, SXSW added a component for film and other media, named the SXSW Film and Multimedia Conference. Johnny Cash was the keynote speaker and that year, the three brothers of the band Hanson were brought to SXSW by their father in order to perform impromptu auditions for music executives, in the hopes of getting industry attention
South By Southwest
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A view of
6th Street in downtown Austin, Texas, during SXSW 2013
South By Southwest
–
The official logo for SXSW 2013
South By Southwest
–
Conan O'Brien promoting
Conan O'Brien Can't Stop at SXSW 2011
20.
Austin, Texas
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Austin is the capital of the U. S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. It is the 11th-most populous city in the U. S. and it is the fastest growing large city in the United States and the second most populous capital city after Phoenix, Arizona. As of the U. S. Census Bureaus July 1,2015 estimate and it is the cultural and economic center of the Austin–Round Rock metropolitan area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1,2016. In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River, in 1839, the site was officially chosen to replace Houston as the new capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo. Shortly thereafter, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the Father of Texas and the republics first secretary of state. The city subsequently grew throughout the 19th century and became a center for government and education with the construction of the Texas State Capitol and the University of Texas at Austin. After a lull in growth from the Great Depression, Austin resumed its development into a city and, by the 1980s, it emerged as a center for technology. A number of Fortune 500 companies have headquarters or regional offices in Austin, including Amazon. com, cisco, eBay, Google, IBM, Intel, Oracle Corporation, Texas Instruments, 3M, and Whole Foods Market. Dells worldwide headquarters is located in nearby Round Rock, a suburb of Austin, residents of Austin are known as Austinites. They include a mix of government employees, college students, musicians, high-tech workers, blue-collar workers. The city also adopted Silicon Hills as a nickname in the 1990s due to an influx of technology. In the late 1800s, Austin was known as the City of the Violet Crown because of the glow of light across the hills just after sunset. Even today, many Austin businesses use the term Violet Crown in their name, Austin is known as a clean-air city for its stringent no-smoking ordinances that apply to all public places and buildings, including restaurants and bars. The FBI ranked Austin as the second-safest major city in the U. S. for the year 2012, U. S. News & World Report named Austin the best place to live in the U. S. in 2017. Austin, Travis County and Williamson County have been the site of habitation since at least 9200 BC. When settlers arrived from Europe, the Tonkawa tribe inhabited the area, the Comanches and Lipan Apaches were also known to travel through the area. Spanish colonists, including the Espinosa-Olivares-Aguirre expedition, traveled through the area for centuries, in 1730, three missions from East Texas were combined and reestablished as one mission on the south side of the Colorado River, in what is now Zilker Park, in Austin. The mission was in area for only about seven months
Austin, Texas
–
Downtown skyline as seen from
Lady Bird Lake
Austin, Texas
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An 1873 illustration of Edwin Waller's layout for Austin
Austin, Texas
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Statue of the Goddess of Liberty on the
Texas State Capitol Grounds prior to installation on top of the rotunda
Austin, Texas
–
Bob Bullock Texas History Museum in Austin. Its mission is to "tell The Story of Texas".
21.
Steve Greenberg (record producer)
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Steve Greenberg is an American record producer currently heading the S-Curve Records label. He also manages the pop band AJR and he is noted for discovering popular musical acts such as Hanson, Baha Men, Jonas Brothers, Joss Stone and AJR. He received a 2000 Grammy Award in the Best Dance Recording category as a producer of Who Let the Dogs Out. by Baha Men, in 2005-2006 he was President of Columbia Records, where he produced the debut album by Jonas Brothers. Together with Betty Wright and Michael Mangini, he produced Joss Stones The Soul Sessions and Mind Body & Soul albums and this same production troika produced the 2009 debut album by Diane Birch, Bible Belt. Greenberg also co-produced with Wright and Mangini two tracks on Tom Joness 2008 album 24 Hours and he was co-Executive Producer of Betty Wright, The Movie by Betty Wright and The Roots, which was nominated for a 2011 Grammy in the Best Traditional R&B Performance category. In 2012, he co-produced and executive produced Joss Stones The Soul Sessions, Vol. II, the Soul Sessions, Vol. II reached the Top 10 on both the U. S. and U. K album charts. He co-produced Care Bears On Fires single Everybody Else with S*A*M, in 2013, he produced several tracks on Diane Birchs Speak a Little Louder album. He also traveled to Jerusalem to co-produce, with Steve Earle and he appears in the documentary film on the making of East Jerusalem/West Jerusalem. That year, he began managing the band AJR whose debut single Im Ready, was certified Platinum in the U. S. He has co-written songs for Joss Stone, Jonas Brothers, Boyzone, Baha Men, in 2014, he published his first book, called How the Beatles Went Viral In 64, about the Beatles rise to U. S stardom. The book was excerpted as a story in Billboard magazine in January,2014. In the early 1980s, he was a DJ on the Voice of Peace radio station off the coast of Israel and was a correspondent for Israel Radio. He holds an M. A. in Applied Communication Research from Stanford University, mendelsohn, Jennifer Young, Rich and Hanson, USA Weekend, August 22-24,1997 retrieved December 4
Steve Greenberg (record producer)
–
Steve Greenberg (center) speaks at
Kinnernet on May 9, 2009.
AOL founder
Steve Case (foreground) observes.
22.
Wisconsin State Fair
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The Wisconsin State Fair is an annual event held at the Wisconsin State Fair Park in West Allis, Wisconsin, a suburb of Milwaukee. The modern fair takes place in August and lasts 11 days, the first Wisconsin State Fair was held in 1851 in Janesville, with approximately 13,000 to 18,000 people in attendance. Sponsored by the state’s Agricultural Society, it was held on a plot along the banks of the Rock River. It featured a 200-pound squash and a quarter-acre plowing competition with teams of horses and it was reportedly the largest gathering in Wisconsin history. When the second fair was held in Milwaukee in 1852, fairgoers took their carriages for rides around the Cold Spring Race Course, abraham Lincoln was invited to give the annual oration at the fair in 1859. He advised farmers to new methods of agriculture, with the goal of raising the standard of living. The fair added new attractions each year, and in 1869, there was an engine demonstration where boxes, barrels. The Milwaukee Mile is a paved oval racing circuit on the grounds of the State Fair. It is the oldest continuously-operated motor racing circuit in the world, racing or exhibition events are often held on the circuit in conjunction with the state fair. In 2010, the Wisconsin State Fair introduced Comet 2, a roller coaster. The Main Stage features headline performance every evening of the fair, many local bands can also be seen on smaller stages and pavilions located throughout the grounds. Agricultural exhibits of horses, cattle, sheep, chickens and other animals are featured every year at the fair, the Wisconsin State Fair is also home of the Wisconsin Wine Garden. Established in 1996 by the then ten member-wineries of the Wisconsin Winery Association, baits Trap with Cheese, State Products Sell Fair, The Billboard, November 29,1947, p.30. Economic Impact of the Wisconsin State Fair and Non-Fair Events,1979, West Allis, WI, Wisconsin State Fair Park,1980. Madison, WI, Wisconsin Legislative Audit Bureau,2003, preserving the Big Picture for Wisconsin, The 1948 Centennial Fair Murals. Lathrop, John H. Address Delivered at the First Annual Fair of the State Agricultural Society, Held at Janesville, Wisconsin, Lincoln on Agriculture, Address, Wisconsin State Agricultural Society, State Fair, Milwaukee, September 30,1859. Madison, Lincoln Fellowship of Wisconsin,1943, the Wisconsin State Fair, Its Modern Role and Objectives. A Report to Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, State Fair Commemorative Cookbook, Featuring 150 Award-Winning Recipes
Wisconsin State Fair
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Grandstand Avenue, Wisconsin State Fair
Wisconsin State Fair
–
The State Fair's "snowflake" logo, in use since 1972 to advertise the year-round use of Wisconsin State Fair Park
23.
Madrid
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Madrid is the capital city of the Kingdom of Spain and the largest municipality in both the Community of Madrid and Spain as a whole. The city has a population of almost 3.2 million with an area population of approximately 6.5 million. It is the third-largest city in the European Union after London and Berlin, the municipality itself covers an area of 604.3 km2. Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid, this community is bordered by the communities of Castile and León. As the capital city of Spain, seat of government, and residence of the Spanish monarch, Madrid is also the political, economic, the current mayor is Manuela Carmena from Ahora Madrid. Madrid is home to two football clubs, Real Madrid and Atlético de Madrid. Madrid is the 17th most liveable city in the according to Monocle magazine. Madrid organises fairs such as FITUR, ARCO, SIMO TCI, while Madrid possesses modern infrastructure, it has preserved the look and feel of many of its historic neighbourhoods and streets. Cibeles Palace and Fountain have become one of the monument symbols of the city, the first documented reference of the city originates in Andalusan times as the Arabic مجريط Majrīṭ, which was retained in Medieval Spanish as Magerit. A wider number of theories have been formulated on possible earlier origins, according to legend, Madrid was founded by Ocno Bianor and was named Metragirta or Mantua Carpetana. The most ancient recorded name of the city Magerit comes from the name of a built on the Manzanares River in the 9th century AD. Nevertheless, it is speculated that the origin of the current name of the city comes from the 2nd century BC. The Roman Empire established a settlement on the banks of the Manzanares river, the name of this first village was Matrice. In the 8th century, the Islamic conquest of the Iberian Peninsula saw the changed to Mayrit, from the Arabic term ميرا Mayra. The modern Madrid evolved from the Mozarabic Matrit, which is still in the Madrilenian gentilic, after the disintegration of the Caliphate of Córdoba, Madrid was integrated in the Taifa of Toledo. With the surrender of Toledo to Alfonso VI of León and Castile, the city was conquered by Christians in 1085, Christians replaced Muslims in the occupation of the centre of the city, while Muslims and Jews settled in the suburbs. The city was thriving and was given the title of Villa, since 1188, Madrid won the right to be a city with representation in the courts of Castile. In 1202, King Alfonso VIII of Castile gave Madrid its first charter to regulate the municipal council, which was expanded in 1222 by Ferdinand III of Castile
Madrid
–
From upper left: view of business districts of
AZCA and
CTBA,
Gran Vía street and
Metropolis Building, the
Palace of Communication, view of
Royal Palace and
Almudena Cathedral.
Madrid
Madrid
–
Plaza Mayor
Madrid
–
Puerta de Alcalá
24.
Frank Keating
–
Francis Anthony Frank Keating II is an American politician from Oklahoma. He served as the 25th governor of Oklahoma from 1995 to 2003, as governor, he oversaw the states response to the Oklahoma City bombing. His term was marked by the enactment of welfare reform. Frank Keating was born on February 10,1944 in St. Louis, Missouri and he was born David Rowland Keating, but his name was changed to Francis Anthony Keating II when he was two. Before he was six months old, his family moved to Oklahoma, a practicing Roman Catholic, Keating attended Cascia Hall Preparatory School in Tulsa, graduating in 1962. Keating attended Georgetown University in Washington, D. C. where he was president of the student body. He obtained a J. D. from the University of Oklahoma College of Law, in 1969, upon receiving his law degree, Keating began his career in law enforcement. The same year he finished law school, Keating was made a Special agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation, relocated to the West Coast, Keating was charged with investigating terrorism incidents in the area and other various duties. After years on the coast, Keating returned to Tulsa to become an assistant district attorney, in 1973, Keating, was elected to the Oklahoma House of Representatives. He would serve a term in the House, until 1975. He would serve in the Senate from 1975 until 1981, while in the Senate, Keating became the minority leader. Keating served from 1981 until 1983, serving for part of time as chairman of all U. S. Attorneys. S. These appointments made Keating the highest ranking Oklahoman during the Reagan administration, in his positions as assistant secretary of the Treasury and associate attorney general, Keating oversaw both the Justice and Treasurys law enforcement agencies. Late in the Reagan Administration, Keating continued to serve in the Justice Department in his role as attorney general. In 1990, President Bush elevated Keating to general counsel and acting deputy secretary of Housing and Urban Development and he would serve as deputy secretary until 1993. As was the case in the Reagan administration, Keating became the highest ranking Oklahoman in the federal government, President Bill Clinton chose not to renominate Keating, instead nominating former Oklahoma Attorney General Robert Harlan Henry, who was subsequently confirmed. After two years of life, in 1994, Keating received the Republican nomination for Governor of Oklahoma. In a three way race against Democratic nominee Jack Mildren and independent Wes Watkins, Keating was elected with just under 47 percent of the vote, Keating was sworn in as the 25th Governor of Oklahoma on January 9,1995
Frank Keating
–
Frank Keating
25.
Snowed In
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Snowed In is a Christmas album by American pop rock group Hanson. A Christmas album, it was released following the success of their previous album, Middle of Nowhere. Snowed In was also the holiday album for 1997 in the United States. It has since sold a total of 1,081,000 copies in the US, the album features a mix of traditional Christmas carols, covers of Christmas themed songs and Hansons own compositions. Total sales were around 2 million, though 1.2 million of these were sold in the United States, the album also had a quick run on the Swedish albums chart and peaked at number 14
Snowed In
–
Snowed In
26.
Grammy Award
–
A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
Grammy Award
–
Grammy Awards
Grammy Award
27.
Grammy Award for Best New Artist
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The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959. Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out, the award was not presented in 1967. The official guidelines are as follows, For a new artist who releases, during the Eligibility Year, note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist. It is sometimes asserted, with varying degrees of sincerity, that winning the award is a curse, as several award winners were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year. This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1s 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders, so that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone whos gotten it since. The category is also notable for being the one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated. This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album, the award was revoked, but was not handed out to another artist. Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception, the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists,18 duos or groups, between 1997 and 2003, all the winners were solo female artists. Also, from 1993 to 2005, no winner was a male artist. In 2006, John Legend broke this trend, which started with Marc Cohn in 1992. Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the year, Bob Newhart in 1961, Christopher Cross in 1981, Lauryn Hill in 1999. Of all the winners, only three have been country artists, in 1997, LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award. She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010, additionally,2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year. 1984 marked the first time all of the nominees were from outside of the United States. Over the years, the eligibility rules for this category have changed several times, in 2010, Lady Gagas exclusion from the Best New Artist category caused the Recording Academy to change eligibility requirements for the next ceremony. She was ineligible for the nomination because her hit Just Dance had been nominated in 2008, the new rule stated that an artist can be nominated as long as that artist has not previously released an entire album and has subsequently not won a Grammy. To be eligible in the category of Best New Artist, the artist, duo, or group, Must have released a minimum of five singles/tracks or one album, but no more than 30 singles/tracks or three albums. May not have entered into this more than three times, including as a performing member of an established group
Grammy Award for Best New Artist
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The Beatles members
John Lennon,
Paul McCartney,
Ringo Starr, and
George Harrison (clockwise from top left)
Grammy Award for Best New Artist
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Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young
Grammy Award for Best New Artist
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Cyndi Lauper
Grammy Award for Best New Artist
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Sade
28.
Live From Albertane
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Live from Albertane is a live album by American pop rock group Hanson. As the name suggests, it is an album, recorded during the groups Albertane Tour. Albertane is a place referred to in their song Man from Milwaukee. With the lead vocalist Taylor Hanson in his mid-teens at the time this album was recorded, the song selection mostly focuses on the Middle of Nowhere album, but also contains some older material, a new track and a couple of covers of classic songs. It is estimated the album has sold around 500,000 copies in the U. S. and around 1 million worldwide
Live From Albertane
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Live from Albertane
