1.
Hennepin County
–
Hennepin County /ˈhɛnəpɪn kaʊnti/ is a county in the U. S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2010 census the population was 1,152,425 and it is the most populous county in Minnesota and the 34th-most populous county in the United States, more than one in five Minnesotans live in Hennepin County. Its county seat is Minneapolis, the states most populous city, the county is named in honor of the 17th-century explorer Father Louis Hennepin. Hennepin County is included in the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area, the center of population of Minnesota is in Hennepin County, in the city of Minneapolis. Hennepin County was created in 1852 by the Minnesota Territorial Legislature, Father Louis Hennepins name was chosen because he originally named St. Anthony Falls and recorded some of the earliest accounts of the area for the Western world. Hennepin Countys early history is linked to the establishment of the cities of Minneapolis. The history of Hennepin County is cataloged at the Hennepin History Museum, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 607 square miles, of which 554 square miles is land and 53 square miles is water. Hennepin is one of 17 Minnesota counties with more savanna soils than prairie or forest soils. The highest waterfall on the Mississippi River, the Saint Anthony Falls is in Hennepin County next to downtown Minneapolis, but in the 19th century, barges and boats now pass through locks to move between the parts of the river above and below the dams. There were 468,824 housing units at a density of 325/km². The racial makeup of the county was 80. 53% White,8. 95% Black or African American,1. 00% Native American,4. 80% Asian,0. 05% Pacific Islander,2. 06% from other races, and 2. 60% from two or more races. 4. 07% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,22. 8% were of German,12. 0% Norwegian,7. 6% Irish and 7. 2% Swedish ancestry. 31. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.07. In the county 24. 00% of the population was under the age of 18,9. 70% was between 18 and 24,33. 70% from 25 to 44,21. 70% from 45 to 64, the median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 97.00 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.70 males. Males had an income of $42,466 versus $32,400 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,789, about 5. 00% of families and 8. 30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10. 50% of those under age 18 and 5. 90% of those age 65 or over. Hennepin County is the wealthiest county in Minnesota and one of the 100 highest-income counties in the United States, besides English, languages with significant numbers of speakers in Hennepin County include Arabic, Hmong, Khmer, Lao, Russian, Somali, Spanish, and Vietnamese
Hennepin County
–
The Hennepin County Government Center, located in the
county seat of
Minneapolis. Its stylized letter "H" shape serves as the logo for Hennepin County.
Hennepin County
–
Native vegetation based on NRCS soils information
Hennepin County
–
Located across the street from the Government Center, the Hennepin County Public Safety Facility serves as the county
jail
2.
Minnesota
–
Minnesota is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U. S. state on May 11,1858, the state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan Land of 10,000 Lakes. Its official motto is LÉtoile du Nord, Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 21st most populous of the U. S. Minnesota is known for its progressive political orientation and its high rate of civic participation and voter turnout. Until European settlement, Minnesota was inhabited by the Dakota and Ojibwe/Anishinaabe, in recent decades, immigration from Asia, the Horn of Africa, and Latin America has broadened its historic demographic and cultural composition. Minnesotas standard of living index is among the highest in the United States, Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers by dropping milk into water and calling it mnisota. Many places in the state have similar names, such as Minnehaha Falls, Minneiska, Minneota, Minnetonka, Minnetrista, and Minneapolis, a combination of mni and polis, Minnesota is the second northernmost U. S. state. Its isolated Northwest Angle in Lake of the Woods county is the part of the 48 contiguous states lying north of the 49th parallel. The state is part of the U. S. region known as the Upper Midwest and it shares a Lake Superior water border with Michigan and a land and water border with Wisconsin to the east. Iowa is to the south, North Dakota and South Dakota are to the west, with 86,943 square miles, or approximately 2.25 percent of the United States, Minnesota is the 12th-largest state. Minnesota has some of the Earths oldest rocks, gneisses that are about 3.6 billion years old. About 2.7 billion years ago, basaltic lava poured out of cracks in the floor of the primordial ocean, the roots of these volcanic mountains and the action of Precambrian seas formed the Iron Range of northern Minnesota. Following a period of volcanism 1, in more recent times, massive ice sheets at least one kilometer thick ravaged the landscape of the state and sculpted its terrain. The Wisconsin glaciation left 12,000 years ago and these glaciers covered all of Minnesota except the far southeast, an area characterized by steep hills and streams that cut into the bedrock. This area is known as the Driftless Zone for its absence of glacial drift, much of the remainder of the state outside the northeast has 50 feet or more of glacial till left behind as the last glaciers retreated. Gigantic Lake Agassiz formed in the northwest 13,000 years ago and its bed created the fertile Red River valley, and its outflow, glacial River Warren, carved the valley of the Minnesota River and the Upper Mississippi downstream from Fort Snelling. Minnesota is geologically quiet today, it experiences earthquakes infrequently, the states high point is Eagle Mountain at 2,301 feet, which is only 13 miles away from the low of 601 feet at the shore of Lake Superior. Notwithstanding dramatic local differences in elevation, much of the state is a rolling peneplain. Two major drainage divides meet in Minnesotas northeast in rural Hibbing, forming a triple watershed, precipitation can follow the Mississippi River south to the Gulf of Mexico, the Saint Lawrence Seaway east to the Atlantic Ocean, or the Hudson Bay watershed to the Arctic Ocean
Minnesota
Minnesota
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Flag
Minnesota
Minnesota
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Eagle Mountain, the highest natural point in Minnesota at 2,301 feet (701 m) is located in northeastern part of the state.
3.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
United States
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Native Americans meeting with Europeans, 1764
United States
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Flag
United States
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The signing of the
Mayflower Compact, 1620.
United States
–
The
Declaration of Independence: the
Committee of Five presenting their draft to the
Second Continental Congress in 1776
4.
Minneapolis Central Library
–
Minneapolis Central Library, located at 300 Nicollet Mall in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, is the largest library of the Hennepin County Library public library system. The 353,000 square foot building with two levels of parking was designed by César Pelli and opened on May 20,2006. The predecessor of Minneapoliss public library was a library called the Minneapolis Athenæum founded in 1859. The Minneapolis Public Library was founded in 1885 and its first task was to build a main library, the first central library of the Minneapolis Public Library was built in 1889 along Tenth Street and Hennepin Avenue about six blocks south of the current building. The library contained an art gallery primarily of work from the collection of library benefactor T. B, after many decades the library was considered overcrowded and out of date and plans began for a new library at a different location. The Minneapolis Public Library and Information Center, opened on January 28,1961 at 4th St. the new four-story glass-and-steel building replaced the old stone castle-like one, which was torn down. The building included a library, as well as a planetarium, auditorium, the new location in the then run-down lower loop district made the library a cornerstone of the 1960 redevelopment of downtown Minneapolis. Thirty years later library and community leaders began to build support for a new. Construction on the third and current library began after Minneapolis voters approved a $140 million in funding to improve services on November 7,2000. The new building was designed by César Pelli, along with the Minneapolis firm Architectural Alliance, at a cost of $250 per square foot, the library features a roof garden and substantial daylight. Its storage area was designed to be available to the public without staff assistance so that all of the collection is accessible to the public. Between the closing of the library and the opening of the new building, most services were provided at the interim Central Library Marquette location. The cost of providing the site while the old library was demolished. The Minneapolis Public Library system joined the 26-library Hennepin County Library system on January 1,2008, the administration for the unified library system remained at Ridgedale Library in Minnetonka. The Minneapolis Planetarium Society was located at the second MPLIC building using a projector machine literally older than the age itself. In 2005, the Minnesota Legislature apportioned funding for the inclusion of a planetarium in the new Central Library building. The 37, 000-square-foot Minnesota Planetarium was originally planned for the roof of the new building but it will now be part of a new Bell Museum at the University of Minnesota
Minneapolis Central Library
–
The exterior of the library on the
Nicollet Mall side
Minneapolis Central Library
–
A photograph from around 1900 of the first central Minneapolis Public Library, which cost $324,894.
Minneapolis Central Library
–
The second central Minneapolis Public Library building opened in 1961 as part of urban renewal for downtown Minneapolis
Minneapolis Central Library
–
The new Central Library under construction in 2004
5.
Public library
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A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes. It is operated by librarians and library paraprofessionals, who are civil servants. There are five fundamental characteristics shared by public libraries, Public libraries exist in many countries across the world and are often considered an essential part of having an educated and literate population. Public access to books is not new, romans made scrolls in dry rooms available to patrons of the baths, and tried with some success to establish libraries within the empire. In the middle of the 19th century, the push for public libraries, paid for by taxes. Public libraries were started with a donation, or were bequeathed to parishes, churches. These social and institutional libraries formed the base of many academic and public collections of today. The establishment of circulating libraries in the 18th century, by booksellers and publishers provided a means of gaining profit, the circulating libraries not only provided a place to sell books, but also a place to lend books for a price. These circulating libraries provided a variety of including the increasingly popular novels. Circulating libraries were not exclusively lending institutions and often provided a place for other forms of commercial activity and this was necessary because the circulating libraries did not generate enough funds through subscription fees collected from its borrowers. As a commerce venture, it was important to consider the factors such as other goods or services available to the subscribers. The Malatestiana Library, also known as the Malatesta Novello Library, is a public library dating from 1452 in Cesena, Emilia-Romagna and it was the first European civic library, i. e. belonging to the Commune and open to everybody. It was commissioned by the Lord of Cesena, Malatesta Novello, the works were directed by Matteo Nuti of Fano and lasted from 1447 to 1452. In the early years of the 17th century, many famous collegiate, norwich City library was established in 1608 and Chethams Library in Manchester, which claims to be the oldest public library in the English-speaking world, opened in 1653. Claude Sallier, the French philologist and churchman, operated an early form of library in the town of Saulieu from 1737 to 1750. He wished to make culture and learning accessible to all people, the Załuski Library was built in Warsaw 1747–1795 by Józef Andrzej Załuski and his brother, Andrzej Stanisław Załuski, both Roman Catholic bishops. The library was open to the public and indeed was the first Polish public library, at the start of the 18th century, libraries were becoming increasingly public and were more frequently lending libraries. The 18th century saw the switch from closed parochial libraries to lending libraries, before this time, public libraries were parochial in nature and libraries frequently chained their books to desks
Public library
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Patrons studying and reading at the New York City Public Library.
Public library
–
A public library in
Maadi,
Egypt
Public library
–
Entrance to the National Library in
Tehran,
Iran
Public library
–
Thomas Bodley founded the
Bodleian Library in 1602 as an early public library.
6.
Hennepin County, Minnesota
–
Hennepin County /ˈhɛnəpɪn kaʊnti/ is a county in the U. S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2010 census the population was 1,152,425 and it is the most populous county in Minnesota and the 34th-most populous county in the United States, more than one in five Minnesotans live in Hennepin County. Its county seat is Minneapolis, the states most populous city, the county is named in honor of the 17th-century explorer Father Louis Hennepin. Hennepin County is included in the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area, the center of population of Minnesota is in Hennepin County, in the city of Minneapolis. Hennepin County was created in 1852 by the Minnesota Territorial Legislature, Father Louis Hennepins name was chosen because he originally named St. Anthony Falls and recorded some of the earliest accounts of the area for the Western world. Hennepin Countys early history is linked to the establishment of the cities of Minneapolis. The history of Hennepin County is cataloged at the Hennepin History Museum, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 607 square miles, of which 554 square miles is land and 53 square miles is water. Hennepin is one of 17 Minnesota counties with more savanna soils than prairie or forest soils. The highest waterfall on the Mississippi River, the Saint Anthony Falls is in Hennepin County next to downtown Minneapolis, but in the 19th century, barges and boats now pass through locks to move between the parts of the river above and below the dams. There were 468,824 housing units at a density of 325/km². The racial makeup of the county was 80. 53% White,8. 95% Black or African American,1. 00% Native American,4. 80% Asian,0. 05% Pacific Islander,2. 06% from other races, and 2. 60% from two or more races. 4. 07% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,22. 8% were of German,12. 0% Norwegian,7. 6% Irish and 7. 2% Swedish ancestry. 31. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.07. In the county 24. 00% of the population was under the age of 18,9. 70% was between 18 and 24,33. 70% from 25 to 44,21. 70% from 45 to 64, the median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 97.00 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.70 males. Males had an income of $42,466 versus $32,400 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,789, about 5. 00% of families and 8. 30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10. 50% of those under age 18 and 5. 90% of those age 65 or over. Hennepin County is the wealthiest county in Minnesota and one of the 100 highest-income counties in the United States, besides English, languages with significant numbers of speakers in Hennepin County include Arabic, Hmong, Khmer, Lao, Russian, Somali, Spanish, and Vietnamese
Hennepin County, Minnesota
–
The Hennepin County Government Center, located in the
county seat of
Minneapolis. Its stylized letter "H" shape serves as the logo for Hennepin County.
Hennepin County, Minnesota
–
Native vegetation based on NRCS soils information
Hennepin County, Minnesota
–
Located across the street from the Government Center, the Hennepin County Public Safety Facility serves as the county
jail
7.
Minneapolis Public Library
–
The Minneapolis Public Library was a library system that served the residents of Minneapolis, Minnesota in the United States. It was founded in 1885 with the establishment of the Minneapolis Library Board by an amendment to the Minneapolis City Charter, lumber baron and philanthropist T. B. Walker and other city leaders such as Thomas Lowry were members of the first library board. In 2008, after financial difficulties, the library was merged into the Hennepin County Library system. At the time of its merger, the library included Central Library in downtown Minneapolis and its collection numbered about 3.1 million items with about 2.2 million of these housed in the central library. The predecessor of Minneapoliss public library was a library called the Minneapolis Athenæum. It was organized by Minneapolis businessmen in 1859 as a subscription library, after T. B. Walker moved to Minneapolis he bought shares in the Athenæum and gave away memberships to it, promoting the idea of a free public library for the city. Other stock holders raised objections, but the technique worked and soon the city financed a free library for the public with a one mill property tax. When the Minneapolis Public Library was established in 1885 the Athenæum became a partner of it, three central libraries have been built in Minneapolis, each replacing the last with a bigger and more up-to-date building. The first opened in 1889, the second in 1961 and the third, on November 7,2000, Minneapolis voters approved a $140 million package to improve library services, including funding a new Central Library building. The building was designed by Cesar Pelli, along with the Minneapolis firm Architectural Alliance, at a cost of $250 per square foot, the library features a host of energy-efficient measures, including a roof garden and substantial daylight. While the building was construction, most services were provided at the interim Central Library Marquette location. Cost of providing a site while the old library was demolished. Until the 2002 closure and demolition of the old central library, in 2005, the Minnesota Legislature apportioned funding for a new planetarium, then planned to be on the roof of the new Central Library building. Instead, the planetarium is now planned to be part of a new Bell Museum of Natural History building, the first two branches of the Minneapolis Public Library opened in 1890, one each on the north and south sides of Minneapolis. A branch in the basement of North High School opened on February 27,1890, by 2002 there were fourteen branches or community libraries. Each library had a member who was assigned to local schools to discuss the services available at the library. The 2002 referendum also included funds to renovate community libraries, supplementing an existing program, in some cases, the libraries have been demolished and moved to new, more modern buildings. East Lake Community Library, original building at 2916 East Lake Street, the building now houses a liberal political products store
Minneapolis Public Library
–
The new Central Library, designed by
César Pelli, completed in 2006
Minneapolis Public Library
–
The atrium of the Central Library
Minneapolis Public Library
–
Interior of Central Library in 2006
Minneapolis Public Library
–
Periodical stacks at the Central Library
8.
Minnetonka, Minnesota
–
Minnetonka /ˌmɪnᵻˈtɒŋkə/ MIN-i-TONG-kə is a suburban city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States, eight miles west of Minneapolis. The population was 49,734 at the 2010 census, the name comes from the Dakota Indian mni tanka, meaning great water. The city is the home of Cargill, the countrys largest privately owned company, and United Healthcare, the states largest publicly owned company. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 28.22 square miles. Part of the city includes the tip of Lake Minnetonka. The outlet of Lake Minnetonka is Minnehaha Creek, which winds through south Minneapolis and flows over Minnehaha Falls, Minnetonka is located 8 miles west of Minneapolis, in Hennepin County. The headquarters of Carlson Companies are in Minnetonka, the headquarters of Cargill are located in Minnetonka and are in the Wayzata Post Office area. Founded in 1865, it is now the largest privately held corporation in the U. S. in terms of revenue, other companies based in Minnetonka include the uniform companies AmeriPride Services and G&K Services. The Dakota and Ojibwe Indians were the first people to settle in the area and they believed the land around Lake Minnetonka was the legendary home of an extinct race. The first recorded exploration of the area by European settlers was in 1822, in 1851, the Dakota sold the area including Minnetonka to the United States with the Treaty of Traverse des Sioux. The first census, the Territorial Census of 1857, lists 41 households, twenty-nine of the heads of households are listed as farmers. The occupations of the twelve are associated with the operations of Minnetonka Mill. In 1852, a claim was staked on Minnehaha Creek near McGinty Road, the sawmill that was constructed in the thick woods of maple, oak, elm, red cedar and basswood was the first privately operated mill in Minnesota west of the Mississippi River. Oak timbers from this mill were used to build the first suspension bridge across the Mississippi River at Saint Anthony Falls in 1853, the settlement of Minnetonka Mills that grew up around the mill was the first permanent European–American settlement west of Minneapolis in Hennepin County. In 1855, a sawmill was constructed with a furniture factory on the second floor. A building for varnishing furniture was built on the side of the creek. Production consisted mainly of chairs and bedsteads, the Minnetonka Republican at St. Anthony published a short article describing the area. The February 12,1857, issue said, In 1860, after only 8 years of operation, in 1869, a flour and grist mill were constructed and operated until the late 1880s
Minnetonka, Minnesota
–
Minnetonka Community Center
Minnetonka, Minnesota
–
The
Charles H. Burwell House
Minnetonka, Minnesota
–
The Cargill Lake Office, occupying a former mansion, houses the company's top executives.
Minnetonka, Minnesota
–
Minnetonka Police Department and City Hall
9.
Twin Cities
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Twin cities are a special case of two cities or urban centres that are founded in close geographic proximity and then grow into each other over time, losing most of their mutual buffer zone. For example, South San Francisco is not considered a city with San Francisco. However, cities considered twinned by proximity do not necessarily match demographically, economically, in many historical cases, cities that grew into each others space lost their individual identities, and the border or barrier originally separating them became almost irrelevant. In China, the three ancient cities of Hankou, Hanyang, and Wuchang, separated by the junction of the Yangtze, twin cities may share an airport into whose airport codes are integrated the component initials e. g. DFW, LBA, MSP and CAK. In other cases twin cities can be divided by an international border and it also includes a fifth member, East Moline, Illinois. The Florence-Muscle Shoals Metropolitan Area in Alabama is locally referred to as the Quad Cities, with Florence, Muscle Shoals, Sheffield, formerly, when Muscle Shoals was a mere village, this region was known a Tri-Cities, Alabama. Actually, they are all incorporated as towns except for Florence, the Quad Cities of Minnesota consist of Virginia, Eveleth, Gilbert, and Mountain Iron. The cities of Pullman, Washington, Moscow, Idaho, Clarkston, Washington, and Lewiston, Idaho have marketed themselves as Quad Cities. Lahore, the second largest city of Pakistan, has, as of 2013, grown out so much that small towns by this giant city, Wuhan in China consists of the towns of Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang in Hubei Province. Islamabad, the city of Pakistan, has been expanded to include smaller towns including Rawat in its territory. Bangkok, the capital and largest city of Thailand, was created in 1971, Fukuoka in Japan, a city of 1.4 million people, formerly the twin cities of Hakata and Fukuoka until the late 19th century. Saitama in Japan, a city of 1.2 million people, created in 2001 by the merger of the cities of Urawa, Omiya, Yono, Urawa and Omiya could formerly have been considered twin cities. Kitakyushu in Japan, a city of 900,000 people, created in 1963 by the merger of Yahata, Kokura, Moji, Wakamatsu, Yahata and Kokura had formerly been major cities in their own right. The cities of Saigon and Cholon merged in 1931 to form a city named Saigon-Cholon, in 1956, the name Cholon was dropped. London grew from its cores in the City of London and the City of Westminster to encompass many other towns and villages within neighbouring counties, budapest is the amalgamation of Buda, Pest and Óbuda. Stoke-on-Trent was created in 1910 from the towns of Burslem, Hanley, Tunstall, Longton, Fenton and Stoke, neighbouring Newcastle-under-Lyme remains a separate town. Eindhoven merged with five neighbouring municipalities into the new Groot-Eindhoven in 1920, the prefix Groot- was later dropped. Madrid evolved by absorption of other towns Richmond in central Virginia Cleveland in Ohio Minneapolis, St. Anthony was a twin city to Minneapolis in the two cities youth
Twin Cities
–
Cross-border example of twin cities: Plaza Internacional of the Frontera de la Paz. On the left, Santana do Livramento (Brazil); on the right, Rivera (Uruguay).
10.
Bookmobile
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A bookmobile or mobile library is a vehicle designed for use as a library. It is designed to hold books on shelves in such a way that when the vehicle is parked they can be accessed by readers. Mobile libraries are used to provide library services to villages. They can also service groups or individuals who have difficulty accessing libraries, for example, as well as regular books, a bookmobile might also carry large print books, audiobooks, other media, IT equipment, and Internet access. The British Workman reported in 1857 about a library operating in a circle of eight villages. A Victorian merchant and philanthropist, George Moore, had created the project to diffuse good literature among the rural population, the Warrington Perambulating Library, set up in 1858, was another early British mobile library. This horse-drawn van was operated by the Warrington Mechanics Institute, which aimed to increase the lending of its books to enthusiastic local patrons, fairfax County, Virginia had a bookmobile operating in the northwestern part of the county in 1890. County-wide bookmobile service was begun in 1940, in a truck loaned by the Works Progress Administration, the WPA support of the bookmobile ended in 1942, but the service did not. Another early American bookmobile was developed by Mary Lemist Titcomb, as a librarian at the Washington County, Maryland Free Library, Titcomb was concerned that the library was not reaching all the people it could. The annual report for 1902 lists 23 branches, i. e. collections of 50 books in a case placed in stores, the Hennepin County Public Library started operating a bookmobile in 1923. Sometimes they relied on a contact to help them distribute the materials. The Library in Action was a late-1960s Bronx, NY, program aiming to bring books to teenagers of color in under-served neighborhoods, bookmobiles reached their height of popularity in the mid-twentieth century. Bookmobiles are still in use, operated by libraries, schools, activists, the Internet Archive runs its own bookmobile to print out-of-copyright books on demand. The project has spun off similar efforts elsewhere in the developing world, in the U. S. the American Library Association sponsors an annual National Bookmobile Day annually, on the Wednesday of National Library Week, in April. Bookmobiles and similar services are used in countries, in some locations without a vehicle. Some examples include, A Camel Library Service in Kenya is funded by the Kenyan government and as a charity in Garissa and Wajir, near the border with Somalia. The service started with three camels in October 1996 and had 12 in 2006, delivering 7000 books, daily, in English, Somali, masha Hamilton used this service as a background for her novel The Camel Bookmobile. A donkey-drawn mobile library in Zimbabwe not only books but access to the Internet and multimedia
Bookmobile
–
The bookmobile of the
Ottawa Public Library. Note the backwards branding (in both English and French, owing to Ottawa's large anglophone and francophone populations). This particular model is based on a
Saf-T-Liner HDX chassis.
Bookmobile
–
The Perambulating Library of 1859 in
Warrington, England
Bookmobile
–
Lincolnshire mobile library covering small villages in this English county.
Bookmobile
–
Mobile
Idea Store, London, 2008
11.
East Lake Library
–
Three different buildings have housed the library since 1924. The first East Lake Community Library opened in February 1924, between the Hosmer Community Library and Roosevelt Community Library, which is modeled closely after East Lake, situated on Lake Street, it featured simple architecture and a skylight. Because of its appearance, seemingly like a storefront, the library was called a Reading Factory, East Lake was one of the last libraries built in a library building boom that Minneapolis experienced starting in 1905 and ending in 1937. The first East Lake remained until the mid-1970s when the need for a new, by 1974 East Lake was circulating 121,459 items and fielding tens of thousands of reference questions. In 1976 the library closed and was reopened as a Montessori day care, in 1987 Northern Sun Merchandising purchased the building and runs it there to this day. In 2000 the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places, in 2004–5,80 solar panels were installed on the roof. The original library shelves still circle the walls of the building, the second East Lake was built two blocks west of the original library. It had 15,116 square feet of space and 30,000 volumes and it also had a 2,390 square feet meeting room. The building was built by the Minnehaha Mall which included a Target and SuperValu store and it served patrons of the Longfellow and Phillips neighborhoods well, although by around the start of the 20th century, the building was beginning to show wear. In 1999, a plan called Outlook Twenty Ten outlined some options for the renewal of the library, Option A called for a 6,000 square feet expansion to the building, Option B outlined a 7,000 square feet expansion and the acquisition of neighboring properties. This was to allow greater flexibility in the designation of a new library building. It was to cost almost $3 million, Option C simply had the library repaired and slightly renovated. None of Outlook Twenty Tens original suggestions were followed, and on 30 Apr,2005, the second East Lake was closed to make way for the third building. The newest East Lake was modeled after Minneapoliss Central Library which at the time was also under construction and it featured a glass and metal exterior and was designed by KKE Architects. It was the first green library in the MPL system. The library opened on March 10,2007 and it includes a teen area, a small business/entrepreneurial knoll and fully automated checkout systems. It is located in the place as the 1976 building,2727 E. Alliances between East Lake Library and the community include Learning Dreams, programs include computer classes for seniors, provided through a partnership with Minnesota Board on Aging and Metropolitan Area Agency on Aging and job search assistance
East Lake Library
–
East Lake Branch Library
East Lake Library
–
East Lake Library, 1976
East Lake Library
–
The third incarnation of East Lake library
12.
Franklin Library (Minneapolis)
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Franklin Library is a public library on Franklin Avenue in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The library was one of thirteen branch libraries established under the leadership of Gratia Countryman, the library housed the largest collection of Scandinavian books, newspapers, and magazines within the system, which reflected the population living in the area. The library was funded by the Carnegie Corporation and designed by Edward Lippincott Tilton, on April 23,1890, the 2nd branch of the Minneapolis Public Library, the South Side branch opened. It was located in two rooms at a store at 17th Ave. and Franklin Ave, South Minneapolis was the core of the Scandinavian community and by 1904 all of the Scandinavian language materials were shelved at the South Side branch. The South Side branch was succeeded by the first Carnegie branch to open in Minneapolis, Franklin Library, andrew Carnegie donated money for library buildings as long as the community furnished the land to build the library upon. The McKnight family donated the land valued at $13,000, the land was donated by Harriet McKnight Crosby, Caroline McKnight Christian and Sumner T. McKnight. The two story brick building became one of the busiest branches in the 1920s. The Scandinavian books and magazines drew users from throughout the library, as it is central with the Somali community today, Franklin Library has always been an immigrant library. The Phillips neighborhood near Franklin has historically been the home of immigrants, the library has an American Indian collection and in the 1960s it started outreach to its neighbors, connecting them with social workers and resources. The library is home to the Franklin Learning Center, which was established in 1988. Franklin Learning Center serves adults who are studying English, math, science, social studies, technology and life skills, learners work one-to-one or in small groups with instructors and volunteer tutors. The library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000, in 2005, it was renovated to adapt to modern technology while maintaining its historic integrity. Franklin and 14 other libraries of Minneapolis Public Library were merged into the combined urban/suburban Hennepin County Library in 2008, Public art at the Franklin branch includes Robert DesJarlait’s Red Lake, a large mosaic above the east fireplace. DesJarlait, a member of the Anishinabe Ojibwe nation, uses pictographs to tell a story within his work, additionally, it honors the March 2005 death of ten people on the Red Lake Reservation in northwestern Minnesota. A mosaic by Minneapolis native Marilyn Lindstrom sits above the west fireplace, titled World Language, the piece celebrates the globe’s seven continents by including petroglyphs, pictographs and ancient symbols from each. Lindstrom collaborated with DesJarlait in the creation of his work, Red Lake, Franklin librarian Cassie Warholm-Wohlenhaus’s article published on November 13,2014, provides a concise and thorough history of the Franklin library’s first 100 years. Today, the collection reflects the languages spoken in the homes of the community it serves, including Arabic, Ojibwe, Oromo, Somali, and Spanish. During the 2005 renovations to the 91-year-old building, the oldest of the three remaining Carnegie libraries in Minneapolis, the City of Minneapolis Library invested $4 million to update Franklin
Franklin Library (Minneapolis)
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Franklin Branch Library
Franklin Library (Minneapolis)
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Location of South Side Branch
13.
Hosmer Library
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It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. It was built in 1916 during a period of immigration into Minneapolis. At the time it was built, the library was in a sparsely developed Scandinavian neighborhood, the library was built under the leadership of librarian Gratia Countryman and financed with support from the Carnegie Corporation. The building is in the Collegiate Gothic style, with towers on either side of the main entrance, a crenellated parapet. Hosmer Library was Minneapolis’ fourth and final Carnegie branch, following Gratia Countryman’s research-based application to secure the funds from the Carnegie Corporation, construction of 90’ by 54’ building began in May 1914. Total costs ran to $27,700 for the plans designed by Henry D. Whitefield, the tenth library built in Minneapolis, the Thirty-sixth Street Branch Library opened on March 8,1916. Honoring James Kendall Hosmer, Minneapolis’ second city librarian, the branch was renamed for him in 1926, the two granite lion-dogs outside the entrance were donated by family of Mrs. Lewis Gillette. Branch libraries were located near streetcars and Hosmer was no exception. It is one of nine Minneapolis libraries still in existence which is attributed to the important contributions of Gratia Countryman in building the library infrastructure for the city. When built, Hosmer was situated in a neighborhood without many residents, in 1969, reflecting the changing composition of the neighborhood, an African American reading room was dedicated in Hosmer to serve patrons. Today, it is one of eight Minneapolis public libraries which are listed as historic landmarks with the National Register of Historic Places, for many years, Hosmer Head Librarian Roy Woodstrom was at the vanguard of innovation in delivering services to patrons. Following significant budget cuts in 2004, the City of Minneapolis elected to reduce libraries’ hours of service, at Hosmer, open days dropped to four days a week. On behalf of Hosmer, Woodstrom explored becoming a 5013 corporation and he successfully petitioned the Kingfield Neighborhood Association in October 2004 for a Social Services Grant in the amount of $5,000 towards for cultural and community programs. Woodstrom launched the Hosmer World Music Concert Series in 2002 with weekly live music on Saturday afternoons, previously, Woodstrom developed the Hosmer Library Talent Show, a cherished annual event for the neighborhood’s performers, which made its debut in 1998. His legacy also includes the World Film Series, hosted at the Library, in 1951, an enclosure was added to the east side stairway for $900. Recognizing the limited access of the building, a level entry. By 1996 it was determined that the building required an overhaul to meet patrons’ needs. They were successful, circulation rates were triple what they were before the remodeling, in keeping with the long-standing tradition of providing relevant services to its community, Hosmer has a Tech Center on the lower level, which provides computers and classes for patrons
Hosmer Library
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Thirty-sixth Street Branch Library
Hosmer Library
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Children's Librarian Bettty Welles demonstrating a display at the library.
Hosmer Library
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Hosmer Library was built in 1916 and continues to serve as a public library today.
Hosmer Library
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Boys using the library.
14.
Linden Hills Library
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Linden Hills Library is a public library in the Linden Hills neighborhood of southwest Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. The branch library opened in 1911 on the first floor of the Lake Harriet Commercial Club building. In 1931, under the leadership of Minneapolis Public Librarys chief librarian Gratia Countryman, area resident Joseph Victor Vanderbilt designed the library in the Tudor Revival style. Head librarian Edith Frost served for thirty years. The library has hosted community groups such as childrens clubs, neighborhood groups. The library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000, the building has leaded glass windows, including a panel above the entrance that pays tribute to past generations and their legacy for the future. It also has outdoor terraces and two historic fireplaces and these features make it a favorite among neighborhood residents. In 1911 the Linden Hills Community Library opened on the floor of the Lake Harriet Commercial Club Building at 2720 43rd Street West. Previously, there had been a deposit collection housed in a neighborhood store since 1905. A three year lease was signed at $1,000 a year, in 1923 the Commercial Club raised the lease to $1,200 a year and the Library Board considered either renting or purchasing the old telephone building nearby but finally decided to stay. In March 1928 the Library Board was notified after its lease expired in the fall, circulation was brisk until 1928 when the library lost its lease on the ground floor and moved upstairs. Elderly patrons had trouble getting upstairs to the new location, “A very touching story was told of seeing an old lady looking into the old room, ” wrote one of the branch’s librarians. “She was shown the removal sign, for she was deaf, shook her head, the library board asked the Board of Estimate and Taxation for $50,000 for a new branch building. Linden Hills residents appeared at a city meeting, but the request was turned down, not until April 1930, after a $50,000 bond issue was passed, did Linden Hills get its own branch building. The original site chosen in 1928 at Lake Harriet Boulevard and 43rd Street was no longer available so a new location was purchased for $6,000 in June 1930. The city purchased three lots on what used to be an old Indian trail to Minnetonka owned by the Townsend family, located at 2900 West 43rd Street, the colonial-style brick edifice opened on February 5,1931. It had a stock of 10,000 books, Linden Hills resident Joseph V. Vanderbilt’s firm of Bard and Vanderbilt designed the building. Pike and Cook was the contractor on the project, the basement included the children’s library, staff room and kitchen
Linden Hills Library
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Linden Hills Branch Library
15.
Nokomis Library
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Nokomis Library, formerly Nokomis Community Library, is a branch library serving the Nokomis East area of Minneapolis, Minnesota. One of 41 libraries in the Hennepin County Library System, Nokomis was designed by Buetow and Associates, Inc and opened in 1968 as a replacement for the nearby Longfellow Community Library. The building reopened in 2011 and includes a restored Wind and Water Chime, a stabile that was part of the original library, the library contains over 35 computers, a public meeting room, and a Spanish-language collection of materials. Nokomis was the newest branch added to the Minneapolis Public Library system in 1967, the one was the Linden Hills Community Library. It was built to replace the former Longfellow Community Library that had served the Nokomis East area for many years. In 1967, the City of Minneapolis had Buetow and Associates, Inc design the new library building, additionally, the library was named for Nokomis in said poem, making the branch the only library in the system to be named after a fictional character. The library featured a reading loft, basement meeting room, and 13,426 square feet, construction on it began in 1967 and concluded the next year. The library opened in September 1968 and immediately doubled the circulation of the old Longfellow branch, a decreased budget led to Nokomis losing its Saturday operating hours in 2004. A merger with the Hennepin County Libraries was approved by both systems boards along with the Minneapolis City Council and Nokomis reopened at 10 am on January 2,2008 and it remained the only building in the newly expanded 41-library system to be named for a fictional character. In 1999, the Minneapolis Library Board issued a report entitled Outlook Twenty Ten identifying the needs of each of the systems libraries. Deeming Nokomis crowded and outdated, the proposed three options. Option A proposed combining Nokomis with the nearby Roosevelt Community Library in a 25, 000-square-foot space and this would have allowed the library to operate out of a state-of-the-art building at an undecided location. Option B recommended moving Nokomis to a different site without moving Roosevelt, the new library there would have been 18,000 square feet. Option C included capital improvements to Nokomis, such as replacing carpeting, signs, a 2003 update to the report identified a project start date of 2007, with full closure in 2008 and a reopening in 2009. In 2007, the Minneapolis City Council appropriated a portion of its $1.35 billion 2008 budget for improvements to Nokomis and Northeast Community Library. $5.2 million of the $7 million project came from the city, Hennepin County put forward $1.8 million for additions to the library. The new building was designed by KKE Architects with significant input from an advisory committee. Ebert, Inc. was hired as the general contractor, during the construction, patrons were encouraged to make use of nearby libraries including East Lake, Roosevelt, Washburn, and Southdale
Nokomis Library
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The renovated front of the library, along 51st Street
Nokomis Library
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The library in 2008
Nokomis Library
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The front exterior of Nokomis, from a 1968 informational brochure
Nokomis Library
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Wind and Water Chime as it hung in 2008 before the renovation (left) and in 2013 after it had been cleaned and restored (right)
16.
North Regional Library
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North Regional Library is a public library in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Hennepin County Library system, since opening in 1971, North Regional Library at 1315 Lowry Ave. N. in Minneapolis serves a diverse metropolitan community, Near North, Minneapolis. The first stand alone library branch built by Minneapolis Public Library was Minneapolis Public Library and it served the community from 1893-1977. Along with Minneapolis Public Library, North Branch, other neighborhood libraries housed in schools such as Jordan, were closed after North Regional Library opened. After selecting the block on Lowry Avenue between Fremont and Girard Avenues, Minneapolis architectural firm Miller Dunwiddie was engaged to draw up the plans. In anticipation of the opening on October 24,1971,25,000 leaflets were sent out to the residents in the neighborhood. Minneapolis Public Library director Ernest Gaines envisioned a system of regional libraries like North Regional. North Regional Library also featured the Emerson Room, the Emerson Room housed the New England literature collection given by Harold Kittleson. It was decorated like the interior of a New England home of the 19th century, the 19th Century Collection is now at Minneapolis Central, Special Collections. By size, it was the second largest public library in the city, with a pressing need to make the building fully accessible and more welcoming, update technology access and make it more economical to manage, the city put out bids for much-needed updates. Considerations included the height of the shelving and the interior lighting, additional dollars were provided by the State of Minnesota Department of Education and from the surrounding Cleveland, Jordan and McKinley neighborhoods, which contributed $32,500. The remodeled space focuses on the importance of nature and discovery, for teens, Homework Helper tutors are available after school, and the Discovery Room gives younger patrons a designated space for creative play. Children and teens are the largest users of the library, hmong-speaking staffers are available at the library three days a week, supporting users’ information needs, and teaching patrons how to navigate the library’s resources. HIRED and CPED are resident in the library regularly, helping job seekers, Public meeting rooms are located upstairs, including the Emerson Room. A photography installation by Wing Young Huie encourages children to look at their neighbors, pitz’s sculptures are meant to be sat on, slid down, and leaned against. The leaves are seven feet long, and carved from walnut, cherry, and maple
North Regional Library
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North Regional Library exterior, 1971
North Regional Library
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Interior of library shortly after opening.
North Regional Library
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Emerson Room, North Regional Library
17.
Northeast Library
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Northeast Library is a public library in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Hennepin County Library system, since opening in 1973, Northeast Library at 2200 Central Avenue Northeast in Minneapolis serves a vibrant metropolitan community, Northeast, Minneapolis. At 15,275 square feet, the space held about 30,000 books, the 1973 building was itself a replacement for a Carnegie library which was on the site from 1915 until 1972. The Carnegie building served newly arrived immigrants of German, Polish, and Scandinavian descent, hosted programming for adults, the branch held weekly storytimes for children and Americanization classes. Initially, all services were held on the main floor of the library and the basement held a meeting room and an auditorium. The Central Avenue branch was the only Carnegie library in Minneapolis to be torn down. The building was in poor condition at several points in its existence. In 1970, Minneapolis Public Library Director Ervin Gaines announced that the cost of renovating the Central Avenue branch was higher than the cost of a new building, the Central Avenue branch was razed in 1972, and in 1973 Northeast Library was dedicated on the same site. Having served its original design for 34 years, Northeast was in need of several updates, in anticipation of the funding, in 2007 the City of Minneapolis chose the Cunningham Group Architecture firm to design the renovation. Completed in the spring of 2011 at a cost of $5.2 million, the goal was to make use of ample daylight with the greater use and strategic placement of windows. In addition to the repairs and updates, environmentally sound zinc panels are used on a portion of the outside of the building, complementing the original brick facade. Funding for the remodeling came from the City of Minneapolis Library Referendum vote in 2000, accessibility was improved and better use of the space supported the needs of the updated collection and the state-of-the-art technology resources. Wood from the library’s beloved oak tree which was felled to make way for the expansion was recycled into tables made by a neighborhood artist for the updated library, the Friends of the Northeast Library launched in September 2010. The Friends of the Northeast Library sponsors library programs and holds book sales including sales at the Northeast Farmer’s Market, Library programming is offered for community members of all ages, throughout the year. Baby and Family story times are held once a week for young children, the library collaborates with local schools to provide field trip opportunities and promote library services to children and their families. Art in the Library includes a frieze representing the talents of the neighborhood, measuring 40 feet by 4 feet, it is a collection of images of art by residents of Northeast Minneapolis who are artists. In fact, the Northeast branch is a member of the Northeast Minneapolis Arts Association, andy Sturdevant has recently been a writer in residence at Northeast Library. Among the unique resources he found at the Northeast branch are a collection of Edison High School’s yearbooks dating from 1927, and The Northeaster neighborhood newspaper
Northeast Library
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The Northeast Library was built at 2200 Central Avenue N.E. in Minneapolis in 1972 to replace the 1915 Central Ave. branch of Minneapolis Public Library.
Northeast Library
Northeast Library
Northeast Library
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With community support and funds from Andrew Carnegie the Central Avenue Branch of the Minneapolis Library opened on November 15, 1915. It stood until 1972 when it was razed for Northeast Library.
18.
Pierre Bottineau Library
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Pierre Bottineau Library is a branch library located in northeast Minneapolis, Minnesota, US. It was named for Pierre Bottineau, a prominent Minnesota frontiersman and is one of 41 libraries in the Hennepin County Library System, the library moved to its current location at the historic Grain Belt campus in 2003. The 12, 355-square-foot facility combines two historic buildings, the 1893 Wagon Shed and the 1913 Millwright Shop, with a designed by RSP Architects. The Northeast Minneapolis area had been served by the Minneapolis Public Library since 1913, the first library in the neighborhood was housed at Sheridan Junior High School, later, the library moved to the field house at Logan Park where it went by the name Logan Park Library. Pierre Bottineaus next incarnation was housed in a 2, 044-square-foot rented space at 1224 Northeast 2nd Street where it resided beginning in 1957. As of 2000, not only was it the systems only rented space, as Pierre Bottineaus capacity was legally set at only 40 occupants, a sign on the door would inform potential patrons that The library is now full. The Grain Belt location is six times the size of Pierre Bottineaus previous home and was proposed in 2000 by the Minneapolis Library Board, the total project cost was estimated at $2.5 million of which the Library Board was to pay half. Work on the new facility began in 2002 and the project ended up totaling $3.1 million, emphasis in the library was placed on meeting the needs of children as the old Pierre Bottineau received heavy use from school-age youths. Budget woes caused the Minneapolis Public Library to temporarily close three different branches in part due to a loss of government aid in early 2007. Media related to Pierre Bottineau Library at Wikimedia Commons
Pierre Bottineau Library
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The library in 2015
19.
Roosevelt Library
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Roosevelt Library was originally built inside and named for Roosevelt High School in Minneapoliss Standish neighborhood in 1922. In this way, it not only served the school students. In the 1920s, Standish experienced a 50% population boom consisting mainly of Swedish immigrants and they hired Klarquist, S. M. and Son to design the new library building. The architectural firm did so, designing a brick and wood building in the Tudor Revival style, the building was modeled after the original East Lake Community Library, also a Minneapolis library, although Roosevelt had a small amount of front yard space where East Lake did not. On February 15,1927, Roosevelt opened to the community at 4026 28th Avenue South. Upon opening the library’s hours were 10 a. m. –9 p. m. Monday–Friday and 10 a. m. –1 p. m on Saturdays. ”It went on to state, “We hope we may justify this statement in this new neighborhood, and that the people will use our equipment freely for their enjoyment and education. ”The opening day staff were, Ada N. Whiting, Librarian, Eleanor Heimark, First Assistant, Volborg Sobba, Assistant, Lessley Chilson, Assistant, Wallace Petri, Page, Mina Jacobsen, Janitress. Roosevelt was open five or six days a week for most of the 20th century, depending on library funding, it was sometimes open on Saturday and other times closed then. Fluctuations in neighborhood population and the demographics of the community also contributed to library usage. During World War II, librarians at Roosevelt held special story times for the children of the area, many of whom had mothers in the workforce and this helped the children take their minds off the war, and also helped curb rising juvenile delinquency rates in the Standish neighborhood. Throughout the rest of the 20th century, Roosevelt’s hours and users remained steady, the library in 1962 decided to experiment with purchasing paperback books for teens. Roosevelt was selected as the location for the paperback project because of its proximity to a high school. In 1973 the building gained a lot and air conditioning. Roosevelt was small by 1999, as many of the other Minneapolis Public Libraries were 10,000 sq ft. or greater and it also lacked a public meeting room and failed to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act. Voters chose to support the 2000 referendum which gave money to libraries for capital improvements, in a plan drafted July,1999 called Outlook 2010, there were four options for Roosevelt. Option A had Roosevelt combining with the nearby Nokomis Community Library at an undecided location, the new building would have been 25,000 sq ft. and both Roosevelt and Nokomis would close. This plan was no longer feasible when Nokomis underwent capital improvements of its own, option B included Roosevelt moving to a larger building by itself while keeping Nokomis at its current location or moving it separately. Option D proposed expanding Roosevelt by 5,000 sq ft. along with complying it to the Americans with Disabilities Act, none of the Outlook 2010 plans were undertaken although what eventually was done by Hennepin County Library is sort of a combination of Options C and D. In 2002 a new mixed used library at 38th Street and 23rd Avenue was endorsed by the advisory team
Roosevelt Library
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Roosevelt Branch Library
Roosevelt Library
20.
Southeast Library
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Southeast Library is a public library in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Its primary service area is the University, Minneapolis community, the library was one of thirteen branch libraries established under the leadership of Gratia Countryman, the chief librarian of the Minneapolis Public Library from 1904 to 1936. The third branch of the Minneapolis Public library opened on November 1,1891 in the old Winthrop School building at 22 University Avenue Southeast and it was replaced by the Pillsbury Library in 1904. John Sargent Pillsbury, Minnesotas eighth governor, offered to build a library at the corner of University. The location was few blocks from the iconic Pillsbury A Mill, although Pillsbury died before the library opened in April,1904, the family carried out the gift. One of the most beautiful library branches in Minneapolis, the library was built out of marble, in 1960 a new Central Library opened right across the river from the Pillsbury Library so a location closer to the University Communitys core was sought. The Southeast Library replaced the Pillsbury Library in 1967, located at 100 University Avenue Southeast, after many years as the Dolly Fiterman gallery, the Pillsbury Library now houses the Phillips Foundation. A successful delivery station was replaced in 1906 by the Seven Corners Branch in a space at 231 Cedar Avenue. The Seven Corners area was teeming with new immigrants and the library was quite busy, a permanent Seven Corners branch was built at 300 15th Ave. By 1964 the librarys circulation numbers paled in comparison to its first decades of existence, the building was sold to the Minnesota Department of Transportation and was razed for highway construction. Southeast Librarys building was designed by master architect Ralph Rapson and originally functioned as a union for university. It opened as a library in 1967, the State Capital Credit Union building at 1222 Fourth Street Southeast was purchased to be converted into a library on December 29,1966. It opened as the new Southeast Library on December 26,1967, Southeast Library and 14 other libraries of Minneapolis Public Library were merged into the combined urban/suburban Hennepin County Library in 2008. A remodeled or new library for the University, Minneapolis community is being discussed with community members and a building project page has been created by Hennepin County Library
Southeast Library
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The front of the library
Southeast Library
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The Pillsbury Library replaced the East Side Branch (1891-1904) as part of the Minneapolis Public Library system from 1904-1967.
Southeast Library
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The Seven Corners Library was a branch of the Minneapolis Public Library from 1906-1964.
Southeast Library
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Southeast Library, built 1963, converted to a library in 1967. Currently part of the Hennepin County Library system.
21.
Sumner Library
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Sumner Library is a neighborhood library located in the Near-north neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Originally part of the Minneapolis Public Library, it part of the merged Hennepin County Library in 2008. The Carnegie Library was a haven for Jewish immigrants to the city in the early 20th century, the Tudor Revival building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Sumner and the 14 other libraries of Minneapolis Public Library were merged into the combined urban/suburban Hennepin County Library in 2008, the library celebrated its 100th anniversary on Oct.10,2015. Sumner Library opened on June 5,1912 in a store room at 901 6th Ave. Young people flocked to the library for reading materials, and many used the library’s collection of juvenile materials to learn English. Approximately 90% of the patrons were Jewish immigrants. From the outset, reading materials in Russian, Yiddish, and Hebrew were in demand. Gratia Countryman, Head Librarian of the Minneapolis Public Library, had worked tirelessly to secure the grant, Sumner Library was the third of four branch libraries in Minneapolis to be constructed with funds from Carnegie. Minneapolis architect Cecil Bayless Chapman designed the library in the Tudor Revival style, the brick L-shaped library featured arched ceilings and a central tower where the main entrance and librarian’s office were. Sumner Library’s new building opened on December 16,1915 at 6th Ave. After being open just one month, the new building was too small. Staff reported that one-third of the children who came to the library could not find a place to sit, throughout the entirety of its existence, Sumner Library has been a mainstay among services helping immigrants adapt to life in the United States. Almost as soon as the opened, Sumner Library hosted English. Since many adults in the neighborhood did not speak English, library staff would ask children, Sumner Library has served a wide variety of ethnic and religious groups since its establishment in North Minneapolis. Initially, the population lived near and used Sumner Library was primarily Jewish. Adelaide Rood, Branch Librarian from 1916-1953, saw the library as a place that could help people of different cultural groups understand one another, in 1931, the library held its first “Jewish Book Week, ” displaying Jewish books and items. In the 1940s, the library decorated for Christmas and Hanukkah, by as early as the 1920s, however, Jewish families began moving farther north and west, out of the vicinity of the library
Sumner Library
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Sumner Branch Library
Sumner Library
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Image of the library before it was moved in the 1930s.
Sumner Library
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The variety of patrons is evident in this 1943 photo of Sumner Library's entrance.
Sumner Library
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Sumner Library 50th Anniversary celebration.
22.
Walker Library (Minneapolis)
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Walker Library is public library in the East Isles neighborhood of Minneapolis, Minnesota. It is located on Hennepin Avenue one block north of Lake Street, Walker and the 14 other libraries of Minneapolis Public Library were merged into the combined urban/suburban Hennepin County Library in 2008. The original building was built in 1911, when the Hennepin/Lake area was sparsely populated, Walker, the president of the library board at the time, donated some land for the site of the library. Local architect Jerome Paul Jackson designed the library in a Classical Revival design, the portico, with Ionic columns, shows Beaux-Arts characteristics. Thomas Barlow Walker was involved in aspects of Minneapolis art. He was a member of the Minneapolis Athenaeum, the first lending library in Minneapolis and he led the progressive wing of Athenaeum members in advocating for a Public Library, established in 1885 with the main library opening in 1889. In the 1870s Walker began collecting paintings and other works of art for his house on 8th, in 1879 Walker built a gallery between his residence and his carriage house to display 20 paintings. This was the first public gallery in the Midwest and he collected landscapes, portraits, historical paintings and bronzes, miniatures, classical and Asian art. By 1892 Walker opened three more rooms and also was contributing art to the public librarys art gallery its location at 10th. In 1908 the Lyndale branch of the Minneapolis Public Library, was created, in 1910 Paul Jerome Jackson was selected as the projects architect. The Librarys Building Committee also determined the two lots were not a sufficient of amount of land to build a library and Mr. Walker donated an additional 30 feet along Hennepin Avenue. On June 13,1911, the Walker Branch Library celebrated its grand opening, the first librarian was Lucy C. By 1912 Walkers residence, art gallery and offices took up one-fourth of the block at 8th, Walker later moved his family and his art to the Thomas Lowry Mansion on Lowry Hill in 1916. In 1920 Walkers compound on 8th and Hennepin was torn down to make way for the State Theater, in the meantime the bulk of the collection was housed at the Minneapolis Public Library while Walker offered to donate land and his collection for a new library and art museum. The proposal was first accepted and then rejected by the city. Instead, Walker Art Center was built in the location that Walker, Minneapolis didn’t get a new main library until 35 years later when the new Minneapolis Central Library was opened at 300 Nicollet Mall in 1960. On October 1,1925 Lucy C, dinsmore resigned, she was replaced by Alta I. Hansen who had worked at the Business Branch
Walker Library (Minneapolis)
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Walker Branch Library
Walker Library (Minneapolis)
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Exterior of the 1981 building
Walker Library (Minneapolis)
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Iconic letters outside of building
Walker Library (Minneapolis)
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Walker Library, 2014
23.
Washburn Library
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Washburn Library, formerly Washburn Community Library, is a public library in the Hennepin County Library system. Opened in September 1970, Washburn Library, located at 5244 Lyndale Avenue South, began with a footprint of 14,451 square feet, designed by Brooks Cavin, an architect who studied under Walter Gropius and Eero Saarinen, Washburn reflected mid-century modernism. Set near Minnehaha Creek, Washburn meets the needs of Southwest Minneapolis in a picturesque neighborhood, patron traffic quickly rose and broke all records, to meet demand, library staff requested other branches to share their materials. Phonograph albums and childrens books were particularly popular, in the first year of service, Washburn circulated 273,000 books, higher than any other Minneapolis Public Library branch at the time. The Washburn-Crosby Milling Company is now known as General Mills, approaching its 20th anniversary in 1989, the Washburn branch needed to be expanded and updated to meet patrons needs. The community it served had expanded, including more children living in the neighborhoods, in fact, it was the busiest of Minneapoliss 14 neighborhood branch libraries. In 1990, Minneapolis Public Library leadership determined that the library was in need of significant remodeling and approved an expanded footprint of 18,965 square feet, a 28% increase. The space needed to meet the needs of the communitys patrons, deferred maintenance needed to be performed on the building. Leonard Parker and Associates were chosen to develop the plans
Washburn Library
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The facade of the library across Lyndale Ave
Washburn Library
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Washburn Library soon after opening in 1970
24.
Webber Park Library
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Webber Park Library is a public library in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Its primary service area is the Camden, Minneapolis community, the library was one of thirteen branch libraries established under the leadership of Gratia Countryman, the chief librarian of the Minneapolis Public Library from 1904 to 1936. After starting as a station in a drugstore and being housed in two buildings within Webber Park, it is now in temporary quarters until a new building can be built. The minutes of the Minneapolis Library Board from May 6,1895 noted that the residents of Camden Place had petitions for a station in their area. The Camden Place library station was approved by the Minneapolis Library Board at the July 1,1895 meeting, the 1895 Annual Report noted that Delivery Station E, Camden Place opened in September 1895 and was housed in Coffins Drug Store. William A. Coffin was a druggist and the postmaster for Camden Place and his store was located at 4169 Washington Avenue North, between 41st and 42nd Avenues N. From 1897 to 1900, store ownership was taken over by Leslie A. Hanes, after 1900, the store was owned by Nels A. Winslow. Despite a call to temporarily suspend the station in 1905, it remained active until a permanent library was created in 1910, the Webber Park field house was built in 1910 and the newly created Camden Branch of Minneapolis Public Library was housed in the second floor. The park was named Camden Park from when it was first planned in 1908 until 1939 when it was renamed after the Webbers and this library was created in the effort by library director Gratia Countryman to have libraries created throughout the city of Minneapolis. By the 1930s the population of the Camden community had grown to the point that more space was needed, in 1954 the library acquired the rest of the building from the Minneapolis Park Board and renamed it Webber Park Library. In 1979 the field house was razed to make way for a new swimming pool, Webber Park and 14 other libraries of Minneapolis Public Library were merged into the combined urban/suburban Hennepin County Library in 2008. The 1980 structure began to fail in 2013 and was closed and razed, a temporary location opened in December 2013 at Camden Center,4203 Webber Pkwy. A new library building is being planned and the project process of community engagement is underway
Webber Park Library
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Camden Branch Library was housed in the John D. Webber Memorial Fieldhouse from 1910–1954. It was renamed Webber Park Library in 1954 and razed for a new library building in 1979.
Webber Park Library
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Webber Park Library was built in 1980 and served the Camden community of Minneapolis until 2013 when it was razed due to structural failure.
25.
Augsburg Park Library
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Augsburg Park Library is a public library in Richfield, Minnesota. A Richfield branch library of Hennepin County Library has existed in various buildings in since 1951, named after an adjacent park of the same name, Augsburg Park Library at 7100 Nicollet Avenue South opened in February 1975. Following the purchase of 2.8 acres of land by Hennepin County from the City of Richfield for $99,500, InterDesign, Inc. was chosen as the architect, the new library was two and a half times larger than its predecessor. Leading up to the approval of the construction, there was one significant, soil studies indicated that the ground at Nicollet and 72nd Avenue South consisted of alluvial soil, and needed to be removed before the building began, bumping up construction costs by $35,000. The contract to build the new facility was awarded to Henry O. Mikkelson Company and this library was built on a portion of land previously purchased by the Village of Richfield from Augsburg College in 1949 for $60,000. Costs totaled $889,810 including construction, architect’s fees, the land, landscaping and equipment. In creating the 15,000 square foot building, existing oak trees, remnants of the oak savanna, were retained, before there was a library in Richfield, residents’ needs were met with bookmobile service. The first Richfield branch of the Hennepin County Library opened in February 1951 in rented quarters in a church at 6422 Lyndale Avenue South and was known as the Richfield Library. That same year, the Friends of the Richfield Library Association was established, with a plan to fund the purchase of books, furniture, by 1959, Richfield Library was circulating some 100,000 books per year, the largest in Hennepin County. From 1952 to 1959, patrons grew from 1,540 to 16,000, in September 1952, the library moved to 6700 Portland Avenue South. Richfield’s population was growing rapidly and bookmobile stops were added to accommodate patrons, in 1961, the Hennepin County Library-Augsburg opened at 70th and Nicollet. Designed by architect Ralph Shimer, a Richfield resident, construction was funded in part through Richfield’s municipal liquor store profits in the amount of $100,000, additional funding of $20,000 was provided from Community Center Funds. Demand for services continued to grow, and resulted in the move to the new purpose-built library and it is a geographic bookend to complement Hennepin County Central Library’s position at the north end of Nicollet Avenue. Recently, Minneapolis – St. Paul Magazine chose Augsburg Community Library as “Hennepin County’s Best Library to Read In. ”In August 2013, serving a vibrant neighborhood in both Richfield and nearby Minneapolis, Augsburg Park’s collection includes resources for Somali, Spanish and Vietnamese readers. Included in the library is a collection of folktales in Vietnamese cherished by patrons from Vietnam, several days each week during the school year, homework helpers are available to tutor K-12 students. Since 2007, the library has co-hosted a kite festival in June in partnership with Friends of Augsburg Park Library, librarians at Augsburg create award-winning tailored programs for the community. Tran has also delivered cultural training to the Richfield Police, virginia Morris was recognized by the Richfield Human Rights Commission in 2002, receiving the Gene and Mary Jacobsen Outstanding Citizen Award. Additionally, she was recognized with the Sandy Berman Award for Social Responsibility in Library Services
Augsburg Park Library
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This bookmobile served Richfield until its public library opened in 1951.
Augsburg Park Library
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The library at 6422 Lyndale opened in 1951.
Augsburg Park Library
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The library moved to 6700 Portland in 1952.
Augsburg Park Library
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Announcement for the 1961 library built at 70th and Nicollet.
26.
Brookdale Library
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Brookdale Library opened in its current location,6125 Shingle Creek Parkway, Brooklyn Center in 1981. Initially, the Library’s space was 31,400 square feet, twenty years later, the building was in need of several updates. In fact, the original design planned for expansion to the facility. A $29.6 million renovation started in May 2002, and was part of the 2001-2005 Hennepin County Capital Improvement Plan, the library’s tab for the 18-month long remodeling was $18 million. Upon reopening, the library’s new footprint is 53,155 square feet, the updates included 144 public access computers, a cyber café-styled teen zone, and space for an additional 50,000 books. The library is organized around “information neighborhoods” which marries collection materials with the mix of technology, worktables. Throughout, daylight filters in from large windows, dedicated spaces are available for quiet study, meeting rooms, and a conference room. Preceding the building of its first library, Brooklyn Center had service from a Hennepin County Bookmobile, the first library in the village of Brooklyn Center, at 5601 Osseo Road, opened on December 29,1965. It was the first public library built in the United States which received funds from the 1964 Library Services, the $250,000 price tag was funded in part by the Federal Library Services Act and by bonds sold by the village of Brooklyn Center. Designed by Cerny and Associates, it was 12,718 square feet, books, staff, and furniture were all provided by Hennepin County. By agreement of the city council, in January 1969, Brooklyn Center’s library was sold to Hennepin County for $185,505 and the library’s land was sold for an additional $34,745. By the summer of 1973, plans were published to replace it with a new Hennepin County Library structure, the library relocated to 6125 Shingle Creek Parkway in August 1981. The Girl Scouts purchased the building on Brooklyn Boulevard, and it became the headquarters of the Greater Minneapolis Girl Council, ray King’s Northern Cascade descends from the ceiling of the rotunda, playing with light reflecting from specially treated glass circles arrayed on a three-dimensional spiral-like structure. Depending on the perspective, time of day and quality of light. Topping it all off, children’s puppet programs are offered in the puppet theater. Supporting the cultural plurality of the neighborhood, the holdings include materials in Hmong, Laotian, Russian, Somali, Spanish. Almost 25% of Brooklyn Center’s residents are foreign-born, celebrating the vibrancy of the neighborhood, library programs range from “Día de los niños, ¡Basta. Arte y piñata/ Childrens Day, Basta, art to Piñata” to “Opera Viva
Brookdale Library
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This 1925 deposit station at the Howe Store in Brooklyn Center was a predecessor of a freestanding Brooklyn Center Library.
Brookdale Library
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Brooklyn Center Library interior, 1965.
Brookdale Library
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Teen area at Brookdale Library, 1980.
Brookdale Library
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Brookdale Library entrance, 1980.
27.
Brooklyn Park Library
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Brooklyn Park Library, located at 8500 W. Broadway Ave. opened at its new location in June 2016. It previously served patrons at 8600 Zane Avenue North in Brooklyn Park, designed by Setter, Leach and Lindstrom, at a cost of $814,651, the library is 15,100 square feet and was renovated in 1999. Bookmobile service was provided by Hennepin County Library previously, in November 2013, Hennepin County Board approved construction plans for a new library in Brooklyn Park at the northeast intersection of 85th Avenue and West Broadway. The new building, set to open in 2016, will more than double the size of the current space to meet the growing community’s needs. Feedback from the public regarding their vision of the new library was received through a survey, costs are budgeted at $23.5 million. The children’s area has been designed in collaboration with Minnesota Children’s Museum and will invite families to linger, patrons will be able to experience the library as living room for the community, it will include an open floor plan to facilitate interactions among patrons. The new library incorporates the State of Minnesota’s Sustainable Building Guidelines, a reflection of the growing population and cultural plurality of Brooklyn Park and adjacent cities, three themes will anchor the new library, STEAM, world culture, and geography. A look at the home language for residents in Brooklyn Park reflects the growth and change in the city. A total of 42 different languages are spoken in 11 elementary schools in the city, including Spanish, Hmong, Vietnamese, Creolized English, Lao, currently, the library’s holdings include materials in Hmong, Spanish and Vietnamese. Bruce E. Nygren, a Minneapolis-based painter, created the mural in children’s area at the Zane Ave. location and it depicted a reflecting pool made up of familiar objects in playful juxtaposition. Included are an elephant standing atop a stack of books, a riding a car, pears larger than trucks. Installed in 2004, it is 25 feet long and invites patrons reflect on Nygren’s clever use of the horizon line, the Hennepin County Library system commissioned two public art pieces for the Brooklyn Park Librarys new building. One project was a bike rack sculpture created by Greg Mueller of Mueller Studio, the other piece was a lenticular mural titled Sectio Aurea, which was designed by Norman Lee and Shane Allbritton of RE, site Studio, printed by PolyVision, and installed by Metalab. Homework tutors are available several days a week in the afternoons, a meeting room is also available for patrons’ use. Family and Baby Storytimes, Teen Tech Workshops, Adult Homework Help, Learn Together events for K-3 students, friends of the Brooklyn Park Library actively support the library through book sales, volunteering, and fundraising, in addition to being the voice of the library in the community
Brooklyn Park Library
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Brooklyn Park Library interior, 1976.
Brooklyn Park Library
Brooklyn Park Library
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Brooklyn Park Library
28.
Champlin Library
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Champlin Library, at 12154 Ensign Avenue North in Champlin, Minnesota has served patrons at that address since September 1994. Designed by TSP Architects and Engineers, at a cost of $1.2 million, the first public library in Champlin, sponsored by the Champlin Women’s Club, opened in 1913 in a small rented room and was open only on Saturday afternoons and evenings. In 1921, the Women’s Club purchased a cottage and converted it into a library. The new facility, known as the Champlin Reading Center, measured 1,600 square feet when it opened in and held about 8,000 books in addition to materials, music, films. An addition to the building in 1981 provided 600 more square feet to the library, during construction, library service was provided by bookmobile parked out front of the library. The 87% growth of Champlin’s population from 1980 to 1990, friends of the Champlin Library formed in May 1979, and have raised money for the library with semi-annual book sales. Mellissa Sibley, librarian at Champlin from 1986 to 1996, convened a citizens’ art committee to select additions for the new library, the first installation was “The Seasons” by Dawn Purtle, a stained glass work placed over the entryway. Ruth Stephens, a librarian at Champlin, funded part of the purchase of the work. Christopher Tully, a Minnesota artist, has two commissions in Champlin Library, suspended from the atrium is his “Herons in the Library, ” a trio of vibrant-hued birds flying through the air toward the children’s area. Joining the herons on a wall is Tully’s “Mississippi Flight, ” a three-dimensional wall mural, depicting Minnesota’s wildlife. The river is prominent in Champlin’s geography as it marks the eastern and northern boundaries of the city, “Teen Wall Collage” by Christopher Bailey Foote, was installed on September 11,2004, marking the 10th anniversary of the current library. The collage features scenes from Champlin’s history and peers into the future, reflecting the needs of its community, the Champlin Library has holdings in Hmong and Russian
Champlin Library
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Champlin Library, 1922
Champlin Library
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Champlin Library
29.
Eden Prairie Library
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The Eden Prairie Library is located in Eden Prairie, Minnesota and is one of 41 libraries of the Hennepin County Library system. At the time of its opening in 2004, the Eden Prairie Library was the first public building in Minnesota to incorporate a hydrogen fuel cell to produce electricity. The Eden Prairie Library has the highest circulation of all the Hennepin County libraries, Eden Prairie’s first community library was located in the Eden Prairie Consolidated School, which opened in 1924. The school board contracted with Hennepin County Library to use the library space. Eventually the school increased to the point that there was no space for the county collection. The Hennepin County Bookmobile then served the community until the 1970s, in 1986 a new 15,000 square foot building was completed on Prairie Center Drive at a cost of $1.58 million. This new location known as the Eden Prairie Community Library. Eden Prairie experienced rapid growth during the two decades, growing from a population of 16,000 in 1980 to a population of 54,000 in 2000. Hennepin County Library saw the need for a facility in the community. The project suffered a six-month shut down until The Keystone Group was chosen to complete the construction, water damage occurring during the shut down required remediation work, adding $1 million in cost to the county. After a delay of nearly a year the new Eden Prairie Library opened its doors to the public on August 12,2004. A hydrogen fuel cell installed in the Eden Prairie Library facility in 2004 was the first of its kind to be installed in a building in Minnesota. ”Five kilowatts of electricity could be produced by the library’s fuel cell. Hennepin County Library incorporates public artwork into many of its locations, through the One Percent for Art program, one percent of the project costs for building projects of $1 million or more is dedicated to the selection, purchase and installation of public artwork. The Eden Prairie Library installations of public artwork funded by the One Percent for Art program, include, masonry treatment of stone, tile and brick, located on the north-facing exterior wall Untitled by David Culver. Masonry treatment of tile and stone, located on interior pillars Sleeping Man, masonry treatment of stone, tile and brick, located on outdoor planters at front entrance. The planters include the following carved poem, To Make a Prairie by Emily Dickinson To make a prairie it takes a clover and one bee, One clover, the revery alone will do, If bees are few. Pigment painted industrial felt colored forms, 100% New Zealand wool knotted area, ceramic tile mosaic, custom metal hooks, children’s coat rack located in Children’s Area
Eden Prairie Library
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The Eden Prairie Library, 2011.
Eden Prairie Library
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Eden Prairie Reading Center, ca. 1972
Eden Prairie Library
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The mosaic covered planters feature the poem To Make a Prairie by Emily Dickinson.
30.
Edina Library
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Edina Library is located at 5280 Grandview Square in Edina, Minnesota. The library shares facilities with the Edina Senior Center and it enjoys 18,000 square feet of floor space, and includes a meeting room, great room with fireplace, and a children’s room. Opened in 2002, the co-location of the library with the Senior Center has fostered connections between all ages of the community, the previous library was built in 1967 at 50th and Vernon Avenue at a cost of $439,807. Approximately 25% of construction costs were paid in part by a library grant. In fact, Edina was the first library in Hennepin County to receive federal funds toward construction costs. From the earliest planning meetings, Edina Library was intended to be joined by a regional library elsewhere in Edina, edina’s library roots go back to September 1921, and predate Hennepin County Library system. Four months before Hennepin County Library began its library services. In 1926, the relocated to 50th and Wooddale, and in 1928. This move allowed Edina to have its first free-standing public library, the Morningside library was closed by the Hennepin County Board, effective December 31,1976. In 1954, a second Edina Branch Library opened at 4120 West 50th Street, the former residence of James Bull, it was given to the City by Russell Lund and George Kruse. With room for between 6,000 and 7,000 books, space was limited to children’s and young adult’s books, the space was considered quite small by the standards of the American Library Association. As a result, the League of Women Voters began campaigning in 1962 for a library for Edina. In 1967, following considerable preparation, plans were announced to build on 50th Street, the building, known as the Edina Community Library, opened in September 1968 at 4701 West 50th Street next to the Village Hall. Construction costs totaled $410,000, with 15,500 square feet of floor space, the space was designed by Arthur Dickey, an Edina resident, and included a reading room for adults, a children’s room, a drive-up service window, and a multi-purpose room. Art reproductions, displayed near the vestibule, were available for checkout by patrons. Edina was the first branch library in the Hennepin County Library system to loan art prints, when the current library opened in April 2002, Edina razed the old library to make way for a new city hall and policy department. A Chrysalis Room anchors a dedicated space for children’s and teen events program, patrons can also use the room for help with homework, story time, or learning English as a second language. In fact the library has a collection of Chinese and French materials
Edina Library
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Edina Library at 4120 West 50th Street, 1954-1968.
Edina Library
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Dorothy Dunn, Librarian, shows off Edina Library's art lending collection, 1970s.
