An indictment is a criminal accusation that a person has committed a crime. In jurisdictions that use the concept of felonies, the most serious criminal offence is a felony; the criminal law in India is derived from the colonial-era British system, does not use a jury system and is codified in the Criminal Procedure Code. Criminal offences are divided into two broad categories: cognisable offences and non-cognisable offences; the police are empowered to start investigating a cognisable offence. The complaint is considered an accusation. However, in both cognisable and non-cognisable offences, the trial starts only with the "Framing of Charges" similar to the concept of indictment; the trial court does not proceed with the trial if the evidence is insufficient to make out a charge. In England and Wales an indictment is issued by the public prosecutor on behalf of the Crown, the nominal plaintiff in all public prosecutions under English law; this is why a public prosecution of a person whose surname is Smith would be referred to in writing as "R v Smith" and when cited orally in court would be pronounced "the Crown against Smith".
All proceedings on indictment must be brought before the Crown Court. By virtue of practice directions issued under section 75 of the Senior Courts Act 1981, an indictment must be tried by a High Court judge, a circuit judge or a recorder; as to the form of an indictment, see the Indictments Act 1915 and the Indictment Rules 1971 made thereunder. The Indictment Rules 1971 were revoked by the Criminal Procedure Rules 2007 incorporated into the Criminal Procedure Rules 2010; the form and content and the service of an indictment are governed by Rule 14 of the CPR 2012. Additional guidance is contained in the Consolidated Criminal Practice Direction Part IV.34. As to the preferring of a bill of indictment and the signing of an indictment, see section 2 of the Administration of Justice Act 1933 and the Indictments Rules 1971 made thereunder, as amended and modified by the Indictments Rules 1983, the Indictments Rules 1988, the Indictments Rules 1992, the Indictments Rules 1997, the Indictments Rules 1998 and the Indictments Rules 2000.
See the Indictments Act 1945. In Scotland, all of these cases brought in the High Court of Justiciary are brought in the name of the Lord Advocate and will be tried on indictment. In a sheriff court where trials proceed using the solemn proceedings they will be tried on indictment and are brought in the name of the Lord Advocate. All solemn indictments are designed in the manner Her Majesty’s Advocate v Smith, or, more HMA v Smith; the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution states in part: "No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia when in actual service in time of War or public danger". The requirement of an indictment has not been incorporated against the states. S. states do. In many—if not all—U. S. Jurisdictions that use grand juries, prosecutors have a choice between seeking an indictment from a grand jury and filing a charging document directly with the court.
Such a document is called an information, accusation, or complaint, to distinguish it from a grand-jury indictment. To protect the suspect's due-process rights in felony cases, there is a preliminary hearing, at which a judge determines whether there was probable cause to arrest the suspect, in custody. If the judge finds such probable cause, he or she holds over, the suspect for trial; the substance of an indictment or other charging instrument is the same, regardless of the jurisdiction: it consists of a short and plain statement of where and how the defendant committed the offense. Each offense is set out in a separate count. Indictments for complex crimes those involving conspiracy or numerous counts, may run to hundreds of pages. In other cases, however, an indictment for a crime as serious as murder, may consist of a single sheet of paper. Indictable offenses are tried by jury, unless the accused waives the right to a jury trial. Though the Sixth Amendment of the US Constitution mandates the right to a jury trial in any criminal prosecution, the vast majority of criminal cases in the US are resolved by the plea-bargaining process.
A direct indictment is one in which the case is sent directly to trial before a preliminary inquiry is completed or when the accused has been discharged by a preliminary inquiry. It is meant to be an extraordinary used power to ensure that those who should be brought to trial are in a timely manner or where an error of judgment is seen to have been made in the preliminary inquiry. Sealed indictment – An indictment can be sealed so that it stays non-
Heterophrynus is a genus of whip spiders known as tailless whip scorpions, of the family Phrynidae. It is distributed in South America. There are 16 species: Heterophrynus alces Pocock, 1902 Heterophrynus armiger Pocock, 1902 Heterophrynus batesii Butler, 1873 Heterophrynus boterorum Giupponi & Kury, 2013 Heterophrynus caribensis Armas, Torres-Contreras & Alvarez Garcia, 2015 Heterophrynus cervinus Pocock, 1894 Heterophrynus cheiracanthus Gervais, 1842 Heterophrynus elaphus Pocock, 1903 Heterophrynus gorgo Wood, 1869 Heterophrynus guacharo de Armas, 2015 Heterophrynus longicornis Butler, 1873 Heterophrynus pumilio C. L. Koch, 1840 Heterophrynus seriatus Mello-Leitão, 1940 Heterophrynus silviae Giupponi & Kury, 2013 Heterophrynus vesanicus Mello-Leitão, 1931 Heterophrynus yarigui Alvarez Garcia, de Armas & Diaz Perez, 2015
The University of Nicosia is the largest university in Cyprus. It was established in 1980 and its main campus is located in Nicosia, the capital city of Cyprus, it runs study centres in Athens and New York City. The University comprises the School of Business, School of Education, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Law, Medical School and the School of Sciences and Engineering, it offers more than 100 conventional on-campus and online/distance learning programmes of study at the Bachelor and Doctorate level and counts more than 12,000 students from over 70 countries across the globe. In offering some of its programmes, the University holds partnerships with the St George's, University of London, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Peloponnese, University of Patras, Hellenic Open University, University of Padova, University of Zagreb, Western Sydney University, MGIMO University. In 2014, UNIC became the first university in the world to offer a Master of Science in Digital Currency and the first educational institution to accept Bitcoin for tuition payment.
As of the graduating class of Spring 2017, UNIC publishes all diplomas of its graduating students on the Bitcoin blockchain, offering instant online verification of degree authenticity. In 2019, the University of Nicosia was recognised by QS World University Rankings as #91 among the top 100 universities in the Emerging Europe and Central Asia Region. UNIC is the first university in the European Union to receive a 5-star rating for Online/Distance Learning; this distinction was awarded following an assessment by the QS Intelligence Unit, a leading, global university-rating agency. UNIC's campus is made up of 20 buildings across the suburb of Nicosia. Over €100 million has been invested into the campus infrastructure in the past few years. In line with its strategy for internationalization, the University has established regional offices around the world, including New York, Tel Aviv and Athens. UNIC is composed of 6 schools, namely the School of Business, School of Education, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Law, the Medical School and the School of Sciences and Engineering.
The School of Business organisationally consists of the following departments: Department of Management and MIS Department of Marketing Department of Hospitality and Sports Management Department of Economics and Finance Department of Accounting MBA ProgrammeThe School of Education consists of the following departments: Department of Education Department of Music and DanceThe School of Humanities and Social Sciences has six departments, offering graduate and undergraduate programmes: Department of Languages and Literature Department of Social Sciences Department of Design and Multimedia Department of Communication Department of Architecture Department of TheologyThe School of Law consists of two principal departments, namely: Department of Law Department of European Studies and International RelationsUNIC started the first medical programme in Cyprus in 2011. The School of Sciences and Engineering consists of three departments, namely: Department of Computer Science Department of Engineering Department of Life and Health Sciences UNIC is an entrepreneurial digital university and both its core educational services and its administrative support operations employ advanced Information Communication Technology.
The university's international teaching and research faculty are involved in European and locally funded research projects, collaborate with local and international industries. UNIC offers distance learning programmes at Master level; the University's approach to e-learning draws on the detailed recommendations made in the Higher Education Funding Council for England's revised approach to e-learning strategy for enhancing learning and teaching through the use of technology and the UK Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education 2010 Amplified Version Strategy for flexible and distributed learning. The University of Nicosia has been awarded the following accolades for e-learning and distance learning education excellence. QS Stars Label The University of Nicosia is the first university in Europe to receive a 5-star rating for Online/Distance Learning; this distinction was awarded following an assessment by the QS Intelligence Unit, a leading, global university-rating agency. EADTU E-xcellence Award The University was awarded the “E-xcellence Label”, by the European Association of Distance Teaching Universities, Europe's leading institutional association in Online and Flexible Higher Education, is at the heart of the modernisation agenda of European universities.
EFQUEL Certification The University has been awarded the “UNIQUe Certification for Quality in e-learning and Excellence in use of ICT in Higher Education”, by the European Foundation for Quality in e-Learning. The award was based on the quality standards, as well as the strategy, infrastructure and human resources required for the excellent delivery of distance learning/e-learning programmes; the University of Nicosia is the largest private university in Cyprus. Intercollege was founded in 1980 by a team of academics and senior executives under the direction of Mr Stelios Zarafopoulos, in order to prepare students for the examinations of recognized British professional bodies, such as the Chartered Institute of Marketing and the Communication and Marketing Foundation. In 1981 the college began expanding its programs towards academic degrees. In its first decade of operation, Intercollege developed an
Hardinsburg is a town in Posey Township, Washington County, in the U. S. state of Indiana. The population was 248 at the 2010 census. Hardinsburg was laid out in 1838 by Aaron Hardin, named for him. Aaron Hardin operated the first store in Hardinsburg and had kept store for several years before the town was started. Hardinsburg was incorporated as a town in 1849; the Hardinsburg post office has been in operation since 1838. Hardinsburg is located at 38°27′38″N 86°16′41″W. According to the 2010 census, Hardinsburg has a total area of all land; as of the census of 2010, there were 248 people, 96 households, 61 families living in the town. The population density was 121.6 inhabitants per square mile. There were 111 housing units at an average density of 54.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 100.0% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.4% of the population. There were 96 households of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, 36.5% were non-families.
30.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.26. The median age in the town was 37 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18. The gender makeup of the town was 50.0 % female. As of the census of 2000, there were 244 people, 99 households, 66 families living in the town; the population density was 119.7 people per square mile. There were 105 housing units at an average density of 51.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 99.18 % 0.82 % from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.10% of the population. There were 99 households out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.3% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.2% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older.
The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.09. In the town, the population was spread out with 33.2% under the age of 18, 4.1% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males. The median income for a household in the town was $23,125, the median income for a family was $32,917. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $22,813 for females; the per capita income for the town was $14,112. About 5.6% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.7% of those under the age of eighteen and 20.0% of those sixty five or over
Uberto Zanolli, the son of Amelia Pìa Balugani Vecchi and Luigi Zanolli Marcolini, was an Italo-Mexican composer and writer. An engineer official for the Italian army during World War II, he was a prisoner in Nazi concentration camps for two years. Uberto Zanolli, in his childhood, studied violin, viola and composition in the Conservatories of Verona and Milan. At the age of 17, he made his professional debut as an orchestra director. After the war, Zanolli returned to artistic activities, working in some of the most important theatres in Italy, France, Portugal and the United States. In 1944 his first son, was born from his marriage with Elsa Angelini, from whom he was widowed shortly after. From 1953, Zanolli lived in Mexico and in 1959 he married Mexican soprano Betty Fabila, becoming the father of the pianist Betty Luisa Zanolli Fabila, he was the docent of the Conservatorio Nacional de Música. A naturalized Mexican since 1957, Zanolli dedicated himself to magistery in diverse institutions.
He was a professor in the Science faculty and, from 1957 until his death, he taught at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria, becoming the founder of the corrs La Viga and a General of the ENP. From 1972 to 1987, he was the director of the Department of Music, from 1987 to 1994, the General Coordinator of aesthetic activities of that institution. Uberto Zanolli was the founder and director of the Orquesta de Cámara de la ENP-UNAM. Within the labor of the cultural diffusion that he created with the OCENP, he made the Didactic Concerts the principal mission, he presented an endless series of performances of composers from diverse times and nationalities, contributing to the divulgation of the contemporary Mexican composers. His name is connected to the rediscovery of Giacomo Facco; the President of Italy, Antonio Segni, gave Zanolli the title of the Man of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic, in Mexico, the Unión de Cronistas de Música y Teatro named him Musician of the Year. He was a member of the Liga de Compositores Mexicanos de Música de Concierto, recorded dozens of albums and media in the choral and chamber genres with the companies CBS, Musart and Mexico's Voz Viva.
Because of his important contribution in the play El Arte de la Fuga, by Johann Sebastian Bach, of which he contributed in the transcription and instrumentation for the chamber orchestra, the Dirección General of the ENP granted him the Medalla de Oro al Mérito Académico. He was given the Águila de Tlatelolco de la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores and, in 1986, the Sindicato Unico de Trabajadores de la Música granted him the Lira de Oro, he imparted televised courses and radio programs in which they show the cultural programs that he released for the Instituto Politécnico Nacional in collaboration with his wife, Betty Fabila, like hundreds of radio broadcasts through XEN 690, a radio station for which he funded and lead the magazine Sele Música for many years. A Music critic since the age of 17, he collaborated in newspapers like Il Gazzetino di Venezia, L'Arena di Verona, Diario de la Nación, Zócalo and El Universal, he participated in seminaries of academic actualization, offered countless conferences and ponencies within the university mark.
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The steam locomotive class BBÖ 12 was an express train tank locomotive class with the Federal Railway of Austria. Convinced by the performance of the kkStB-Class 112 the BBÖ decided in 1934 to procure tank engines for regional express services as well. For reasons of cost, they achieved this by converting 0-6-0 tank locomotives built in 1898 by Krauss/Linz). One unit was converted by the Lokomotivfabrik Floridsdorf in 1934 and another in 1937. Locomotives 97.153 and 97.152 were used for the conversion. The boiler and the valve gear were used unchanged. Oil-firing was provided, the tank for, installed on the rear section of the boiler barrel, enabled one-man operation; the engines were given a special livery with the water tanks and driver's cab being painted light green. The little locomotives proved themselves well, but no more were converted, because from 1935 the BBÖ DT 1 was available for short express trains. In 1938 the Deutsche Reichsbahn took the engines over as 69 001 and 69 002. Only the latter was still around after the Second World War.
It was used on a bridge inspection train. This engines is still preserved today. Deutsche Reichsbahn List of DRG railbuses Schröpfer, Heribert. Triebfahrzeuge österreichischer Eisenbahnen - Dampflokomotiven BBÖ und ÖBB. Düsseldorf: alba. ISBN 3-87094-110-3