Jaunpur district
Jaunpur district is a district in the Varanasi Division of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The district headquarters is Jaunpur, situated on the banks of the Gomti River, it is located 228 km southeast of the state capital Lucknow. The district has two Lok sabha seats and nine Vidhan Sabha seats. According to the 2011 census, Jaunpur has a gender ratio of 1024 females to 1000 males, the highest in Uttar Pradesh; the main languages are Hindi, Urdu and Bhojpuri. Firoz Shah III began the construction of the Atala Masjid in 1393. Atala Masjid is model of Indo-Iran architecture; the Atala became a model for other Masjids in the Jaunpur district. Architecturally, it advanced the element of monumentalism; the height of the Atala Masjid is over 100 feet. The perimeter is 248 feet; the entrance has three massive stone pylons. The central one consists of a high arch between two sloping towers; these are decorated with arched niches and stone screened windows. The Jhanjhari Masjid, on the north bank of the Gomti river, was built by Ibrahim in the Sipah locality of Jaunpur township.
It was a residence of Ibrahim himself, as well as a place for saints and the army. After human destruction and flood damage, only the facade remains; this consists of an arch, 32 feet wide. Some of the stones from this Masjid were used in the construction of the Shahi bridge; the Jama Masjid is another of the Sharqi dynasty period, started by Ibrahim Shah Sharqi and after a number of construction phases, completed by Hussain Shah. It is located on the Shahganj road near the Purani bazaar in Jaunpur City; the size of the Masjid interior is 219 feet x 217 feet. 27 steps climb to the top. There are one at each cardinal point; the eastern gateway was destroyed by Sikander Lodhi. The Masjid is decorated with Egyptian style engravings and lotus and rose motifs. Lal Darwaza Masjid, Jaunpur|This Masjid was built in 1447 at Begumganj, 1 mile north of Jaunpur, during the reign of Sultan Mahmud Sharqi, by Queen Bibi Rajyi, dedicated to Maulana Sayyid Ali Dawood Kutubbudin, a celebrated saint of Jaunpur, whose descendent still live in the mohalla bazaar bhua Pandariba Jaunpur and mohalla Namaz Gah laldarwaza.
The Masjid occupies 212 square feet has three entrances and a courtyard. It is known as the "Red Portal Masjid"; the Shahi Pul is a bridge over the Gomti river at Jaunpur township. It was built by Khankhana in 1564 for Akbar; the bridge is 26 feet wide. At each end were pillboxes to house stalls. On a square platform in the middle of the bridge, there is a large sculpture of a lion with an elephant underneath its forepaws; the statue originated in a Buddhist monastery. There is an associated mosque at Idgah on the Allahabad road. In 1162, Firoz Shah III built the Shahi Qila; the Kerar Kot fort once stood on the same site in Jaunpur township on the left bank of the Gomti river. It contained a spacious and stylish set of baths installed by Ibrahim, Firoz's brother; the layout of the fort is an irregular quadrangle enclosed in stone walls. The walls surround raised earthworks. Most of the remains of the original structures in ruin; the main gates face east. The largest inner gate is 14 metres in height, its external surface is set with ashlar stone.
A further, gate was installed during the reign of the Mughal king, under the patronage of the governor of Jaunpur, Min'im Khan in the 16th century. It is designed in the shape of a flanking bastion; the spandrels or spaces between the arches of the outer gate were decorated with blue and yellow tiles. Ornamental niches are built into the walls of the outer gate; the two story residential and administrative building or "palace" was built in a square layout. An interior pillared verandah or aiwan overlooked the ground floor from the first; the mosque or masjid is the oldest building in Jaunpur township. It was a simple arcade of about 39.40 metres x 6.65 metres. It was supported by pillars in the Bengali style. There are three low central domes and no minars.. The district of Jaunpur is situated in the North-West part of Varanasi Division, its attitude varies from 261 ft to 290 ft. above Sea Level. Gomti and Sai are its main parental rivers. Besides these, Basuhi, Pili. Mamur and Gangi are the smaller rivers here.
The rivers Gomti and Basuhi divide the district into nearly four equal landmasses. Jaunpur district is affected by the disaster of floods. Jaunpur district has a climate consistent with that of the Northern Plain and Central Highlands including the Aravalli range, hot semi-arid eco-region 4.3 and hot dry ecoregion 9.2. The temperature varies between about 4 °C and 44 °C; the annual normal rainfall is 1,098 millimetres. The monsoon season occurs from the third week of June to the first week of October. There are 46 rain days per year of which 31 occur in the monsoon season; the district suffers drought and pestilence. The topography of the district is a flat plain undulating with shallow river valleys; the main permanently flowing rivers are the Sai. The rivers of Jaunpur flow from northwest to the land slopes in the same direction. Thus, there is a more elevated area in the northwest and a less elevated area of land in the south east. Beneath the surface of the district of Jaunpur, is a thick mantle consisting of the quaternary sediments of the Ganga river system.
Below is vindhya range bedrock. Mineral deposits
Lamhi
Lamhi or Lamahi is a village, gram panchayat, just north of the holy city of Varanasi in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The renowned Hindu and Urdu writer Munshi Premchand was born here in 1880. There are two villages in the Lamahi Gram Panchayat: Lamahi with a population of 1,841 and Banwaripur with a population of 764. In 2016, Banaras Hindu University established its "Munshi Prem Chandra Memorial Research Institute and Study Centre" in Lamhi. Lamahi is connected to Azamgarh by National Highway 28, a two-lane highway. There is a proposed ring road for Varanasi; the nearest airport, Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport, is 20 km away from Lamhi. The nearest railway station is Varanasi Junction, situated on the Howrah–Delhi main line; the station is 9 km away from Lamhi. Munshi Premchand Monument and Memorial Park Munshi Premchand Smriti Dwar Munshi Premchand Sarovar Lamahi Ram-Reela Har Har Mahadev Temple Lamahi Post office Kashi Temple Munshi PremChand https://ravikumarswarnkar.wordpress.com/tag/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80/ http://kkyadav.blogspot.in/2014/04/blog-post.html http://hindi.firstpost.com/culture/special-story-on-munshi-premchand-village-lamahi-on-his-birthday-pr-44233.html
Varanasi Tehsil
Varanasi Tehsil is one of three tehsils in the district of Varanasi. The other two being Pindra and Raja Talab tehsils. Varanasi tehsil consists of Varanasi city rural areas, it has 835 villages. Varanasi Tehsil comprises 38 census towns; the biggest census town is Varanasi Municipal Corporation and smallest is Gaura Kala. Following is the list of all the towns along with the population as per 2011 census. Varanasi Tehsil has 835 villages. Following is the list of all villages in Varanasi tehsil. Pindra Varanasi Varanasi district
Babatpur
Babatpur is a village in Pindra Tehsil of Varanasi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The village falls under gram panchayat by the same name as the village; the village houses Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport which serves Varanasi district. The village is about 26 kilometers North-West of Varanasi city, 260 kilometers South-East of state capital Lucknow and 797 kilometers South-East of the national capital Delhi. Babatpur has a total population of 2,293 people amongst 339 families. Sex ratio of the village is 897 and child sex ratio is 811. Uttar Pradesh state average for both ratios is 902 respectively. Babatpur can be accessed by road. Nearest operational airports are Allahabad Airports. Pindra Tehsil Pindra Varanasi district ^ All demographic data is based on 2011 Census of India
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populous state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world, it was created on 1 April 1937 as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh during British rule, was renamed Uttar Pradesh in 1950. The state is divided into 75 districts with the capital being Lucknow; the main ethnic group is the Hindavi people. On 9 November 2000, a new state, was carved out from the state's Himalayan hill region; the two major rivers of the state, the Ganga and Yamuna, join at Allahabad and flow as the Ganga further east. Hindi is the most spoken language and is the official language of the state; the state is bordered by Rajasthan to the west, Himachal Pradesh and Delhi to the northwest and Nepal to the north, Bihar to the east, Madhya Pradesh to the south, touches the states of Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh to the southeast. It covers 243,290 square kilometres, equal to 7.33% of the total area of India, is the fourth-largest Indian state by area.
The economy of Uttar Pradesh is the fourth-largest state economy in India with ₹15.79 lakh crore in gross domestic product and a per capita GDP of ₹57,480. Agriculture and service industries are the largest parts of the state's economy; the service sector comprises travel and tourism, hotel industry, real estate and financial consultancies. President's rule has been imposed in Uttar Pradesh ten times since 1968, for different reasons and for a total of 1,700 days; the natives of the state are called Uttar Bhartiya, or more either Awadhi, Bhojpuri, Bundeli, Kannauji, or Rohilkhandi depending upon their region of origin. Hinduism is practised by more than three-fourths of the population, with Islam being the next largest religious group. Uttar Pradesh was home to powerful empires of medieval India; the state has several historical and religious tourist destinations, such as Agra, Vrindavan and Allahabad. Modern human hunter-gatherers have been in Uttar Pradesh since between around 85,000 and 72,000 years ago.
There have been prehistorical finds in Uttar Pradesh from the Middle and Upper Paleolithic dated to 21,000–31,000 years old and Mesolithic/Microlithic hunter-gatherer settlement, near Pratapgarh, from around 10550–9550 BC. Villages with domesticated cattle and goats and evidence of agriculture began as early as 6000 BC, developed between c. 4000 and 1500 BC beginning with the Indus Valley Civilisation and Harappa Culture to the Vedic period and extending into the Iron Age. The kingdom of Kosala, in the Mahajanapada era, was located within the regional boundaries of modern-day Uttar Pradesh. According to Hindu legend, the divine king Rama of the Ramayana epic reigned in Ayodhya, the capital of Kosala. Krishna, another divine king of Hindu legend, who plays a key role in the Mahabharata epic and is revered as the eighth reincarnation of the Hindu god Vishnu, is said to have been born in the city of Mathura, in Uttar Pradesh; the aftermath of the Mahabharata yuddh is believed to have taken place in the area between the Upper Doab and Delhi, during the reign of the Pandava king Yudhishthira.
The kingdom of the Kurus corresponds to the Black and Red Ware and Painted Gray Ware culture and the beginning of the Iron Age in northwest India, around 1000 BC. Control over Gangetic plains region was of vital importance to the power and stability of all of India's major empires, including the Maurya, Kushan and Gurjara-Pratihara empires. Following the Huns' invasions that broke the Gupta empire, the Ganges-Yamuna Doab saw the rise of Kannauj. During the reign of Harshavardhana, the Kannauj empire reached its zenith, it spanned from Punjab in the north and Gujarat in the west to Bengal in the east and Odisha in the south. It included parts of central India, north of the Narmada River and it encompassed the entire Indo-Gangetic plain. Many communities in various parts of India claim descent from the migrants of Kannauj. Soon after Harshavardhana's death, his empire disintegrated into many kingdoms, which were invaded and ruled by the Gurjara-Pratihara empire, which challenged Bengal's Pala Empire for control of the region.
Kannauj was several times invaded by the south Indian Rashtrakuta Dynasty, from the 8th century to the 10th century. After fall of Pala empire, the Chero dynasty ruled from 12th century to 18th century. Parts or all of Uttar Pradesh were ruled by the Delhi Sultanate for 320 years. Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty, the Khalji dynasty, the Tughlaq dynasty, the Sayyid dynasty, the Lodi dynasty. In the 16th century, Babur, a Timurid descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan from Fergana Valley, swept across the Khyber Pass and founded the Mughal Empire, covering India, along with modern-day Afghanistan and Bangladesh; the Mughals were descended from Persianised Central Asian Turks. In the Mughal era, Uttar Pradesh became the heartland of the empire. Mughal emperors Humayun ruled from Delhi. In 1540 an Afghan, Sher Shah Suri, took over the reins of Uttar Pradesh after defeating the Mughal king Humanyun. Sher Shah and his son Islam Shah ruled Uttar Pradesh from their capital at Gwalior.
After the death of Islam Shah Suri, his prime minister Hemu became the de facto ruler of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, th
Indian independence movement
The Indian independence movement was a series of activities whose ultimate aim was to end the British Raj and encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule and the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent. The movement spanned a total of 90 years considering movement against British Indian Empire; the Indian Independence movement includes both protest and militant mechanisms to root out British Administration from India. The first organised militant movements were in Bengal, but they took root in the newly formed Indian National Congress with prominent moderate leaders seeking only their basic right to appear for Indian Civil Service examinations, as well as more rights, economic in nature, for the people of the soil; the early part of the 20th century saw a more radical approach towards political self-rule proposed by leaders such as the Lal, Bal and Aurobindo Ghosh, V. O. Chidambaram Pillai; the last stages of the self-rule struggle from the 1920s onwards saw Congress adopt Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's policy of non-violence and civil disobedience, several other campaigns.
Nationalists like Subhash Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, Bagha Jatin,preached armed revolution to achieve self-rule. Poets and writers such as Subramania Bharati, Rabindranath Tagore, Muhammad Iqbal, Josh Malihabadi, Mohammad Ali Jouhar, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and Kazi Nazrul Islam used literature and speech as a tool for political awareness. Feminists such as Sarojini Naidu and Begum Rokeya promoted the emancipation of Indian women and their participation in national politics. B. R. Ambedkar championed the cause of the disadvantaged sections of Indian society within the larger self-rule movement; the period of the Second World War saw the peak of the campaigns by the Quit India Movement led by Congress, the Indian National Army movement led by Subhas Chandra Bose. The Indian self-rule movement was a mass-based movement that encompassed various sections of society, it underwent a process of constant ideological evolution. Although the basic ideology of the movement was anti-colonial, it was supported by a vision of independent capitalist economic development coupled with a secular, democratic and civil-libertarian political structure.
After the 1930s, the movement took on a strong socialist orientation, owing to the influence of Bhagat Singh's demand of Purna Swaraj. The work of these various movements led to the Indian Independence Act 1947, which ended the suzerainty in India and the creation of Pakistan. India remained a Dominion of the Crown until 26 January 1950, when the Constitution of India came into force, establishing the Republic of India. In 1971, East Pakistan declared independence as the People's Republic of Bangladesh. European traders first reached Indian shores with the arrival of the Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama in 1498 at the port of Calicut, in search of the lucrative spice trade. Just over a century the Dutch and English established trading outposts on the subcontinent, with the first English trading post set up at Surat in 1613. Over the course of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, the British defeated the Portuguese and Dutch militarily, but remained in conflict with the French, who had by sought to establish themselves in the subcontinent.
The decline of the Mughal Empire in the first half of the eighteenth century provided the British with the opportunity to establish a firm foothold in Indian politics. After the Battle of Plassey in 1757, during which the East India Company's Indian Army under Robert Clive defeated Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, the Company established itself as a major player in Indian affairs, soon afterwards gained administrative rights over the regions of Bengal and Midnapur part of Odisha, following the Battle of Buxar in 1764. After the defeat of Tipu Sultan, most of South India came either under the Company's direct rule, or under its indirect political control as part a princely state in a subsidiary alliance; the Company subsequently gained control of regions ruled by the Maratha Empire, after defeating them in a series of wars. The Punjab was annexed in 1849, after the defeat of the Sikh armies in the First and Second Anglo-Sikh Wars. English was made the medium of instruction in India's schools in 1835, many Indians disliked British rule.
The English tried to impose the Western standards of education and culture on Indian masses, believing in the 18th century superiority of Western culture and enlightenment. Puli Thevar was one of the opponents of the British rule in India, he was in conflict with the Nawab of Arcot, supported by the British. His prominent exploits were his confrontations with Marudhanayagam, who rebelled against the British in the late 1750s and early 1760s. Nelkatumseval the present Tirunelveli Dist of Tamil Nadu state of India was the headquarters of Puli Thevan Syed Mir Nisar Ali Titumir. Along with his followers, he built a bamboo fort in Narkelberia Village, which passed into Bengali folk legend. After the storming of the fort by British soldiers, Titumir died of his wounds on 19 November 1831; the toughest resistance the Company experienced was offered by Mysore. The Anglo–Mysore Wars were a series of wars fought in over the last three decades of the 18th century between the Kingdom of Mysore on the one hand, the British East India Company (represented chiefly by the Madras Presiden
Baliakheri
Baliakheri is a village in Saharanpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is about 509 kilometers from the state capital Lucknow and 173 kilometers from the national capital Delhi. Baliakheri can be accessed by Indian railways. Closest airports are Chandigarh Airport and Delhi airport. In this village a railway station is situated; the distance of the village from saharanpur district is 9 km far. People are farmers and the sugarcane is a most famous crop here. Most of guys of this village are settled in private sectors. Saharanpur district
