John Stewart, Earl of Buchan
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John Stewart, Earl of Buchan was a Scottish nobleman and soldier who fought alongside the Kingdom of France during the Hundred Years War. In 1419, he was sent to France by his father the Duke of Albany, Regent of Scotland, with a Scottish army of 6,000 men. Stewart led the combined Franco-Scottish army at the Battle of Baugé on 21 March 1421, where he comprehensively routed an English force under Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence.
19th-century painting of Stewart
Battle of Bauge, 21 March 1421, where Stewart won a great victory over the English.
The Battle of Cravant in 1423, where Buchan was defeated and captured.
The Battle of Verneuil, where Buchan was killed in 1424.
Battle of Baugé
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The Battle of Baugé, fought between the English and a Franco-Scots army on 22 March 1421 at Baugé, France, east of Angers, was a major defeat for the English in the Hundred Years' War. The English army was led by the king's brother Thomas, Duke of Clarence, while the Franco-Scots were led by both John Stewart, Earl of Buchan, and Gilbert Motier de La Fayette, the Marshal of France. English strength was 4,000 men, although only 1,500 deployed, against 5,000 French and Scots.
The Battle of Baugé, illustration from the manuscript of Martial d'Auvergne, Les Vigiles de Charles VII, c. 1484.
John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan, leader of the Scottish forces at Baugé.