1.
San Francisco
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San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. It is the birthplace of the United Nations, the California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time. San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856, after three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, San Francisco was a port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. Politically, the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines, San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. Dolby, Airbnb, Weebly, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Yelp, Pinterest, Twitter, Uber, Lyft, Mozilla, Wikimedia Foundation, as of 2016, San Francisco is ranked high on world liveability rankings. The earliest archaeological evidence of habitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Upon independence from Spain in 1821, the became part of Mexico. Under Mexican rule, the system gradually ended, and its lands became privatized. In 1835, Englishman William Richardson erected the first independent homestead, together with Alcalde Francisco de Haro, he laid out a street plan for the expanded settlement, and the town, named Yerba Buena, began to attract American settlers. Commodore John D. Sloat claimed California for the United States on July 7,1846, during the Mexican–American War, montgomery arrived to claim Yerba Buena two days later. Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco on January 30 of the next year, despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. The California Gold Rush brought a flood of treasure seekers, with their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. The promise of fabulous riches was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. Some of these approximately 500 abandoned ships were used at times as storeships, saloons and hotels, many were left to rot, by 1851 the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships. By 1870 Yerba Buena Cove had been filled to create new land, buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings. California was quickly granted statehood in 1850 and the U. S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate, silver discoveries, including the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further drove rapid population growth. With hordes of fortune seekers streaming through the city, lawlessness was common, and the Barbary Coast section of town gained notoriety as a haven for criminals, prostitution, entrepreneurs sought to capitalize on the wealth generated by the Gold Rush
San Francisco
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San Francisco and the
Golden Gate Bridge from
Marin Headlands
San Francisco
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Mission San Francisco de Asís (Mission Dolores)
San Francisco
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1853
United States Coast Survey Map
San Francisco
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Francis Samuel Marryat, Hilltop of San Francisco, California, Looking toward the Bay, 1849. M.& N. Hanhart Chromolithograph
2.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
California
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A forest of redwood trees in
Redwood National Park
California
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Flag
California
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Mount Shasta
California
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Aerial view of the
California Central Valley
3.
Arena rock
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Arena rock is a style of rock music that originated in the mid 1970s. In the mid-1970s, increased power of amplification and sound systems allowed the use of larger and larger venues, smoke, fireworks and sophisticated lighting shows became staples of arena rock performances. The use of commercial sponsorship for the tours and concerts of this era began to lead to the music being branded, usually pejoratively. The popularity of stadium rock resulted in a number of reactions, including the pub rock and punk rock movements in the 1970s. In the 1980s, arena rock became dominated by metal bands, following the lead of Aerosmith and including Mötley Crüe, Quiet Riot, W. A. S. P. Their popularity was challenged by the rock bands who began to breakthrough to the mainstream, particularly after the success of Nirvana. Boston Foreigner Peter Frampton Kiss Journey Queen REO Speedwagon Styx Cock rock Glam metal Sources Joyner, continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World. This Aint the Summer of Love, Conflict and Crossover in Heavy Metal and Punk
Arena rock
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A
Queen concert in Drammen, Norway in 1982, showing the scale and lighting of an arena rock concert.
4.
Hard rock
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Hard rock is a loosely defined subgenre of rock music that began in the mid-1960s, with the garage, psychedelic and blues rock movements. It is typified by a use of aggressive vocals, distorted electric guitars, bass guitar, drums. Hard rock developed into a form of popular music in the 1970s, with bands such as The Who, Led Zeppelin, Queen, Black Sabbath, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC. During the 1980s, some rock bands moved away from their hard rock roots and more towards pop rock. Hard rock began losing popularity with the success of R&B, hip-hop, urban pop, grunge. Out of this movement came garage rock bands like The White Stripes, The Strokes, Interpol and, later on, in the 2000s, only a few hard rock bands from the 1970s and 1980s managed to sustain highly successful recording careers. Hard rock is a form of loud, aggressive rock music, the electric guitar is often emphasised, used with distortion and other effects, both as a rhythm instrument using repetitive riffs with a varying degree of complexity, and as a solo lead instrument. Drumming characteristically focuses on driving rhythms, strong drum and a backbeat on snare. The bass guitar works in conjunction with the drums, occasionally playing riffs, vocals are often growling, raspy, or involve screaming or wailing, sometimes in a high range, or even falsetto voice. In the late 1960s, the heavy metal was used interchangeably with hard rock. Heavy metal took on darker characteristics after Black Sabbaths breakthrough at the beginning of the 1970s, in the 1980s it developed a number of subgenres, often termed extreme metal, some of which were influenced by hardcore punk, and which further differentiated the two styles. Despite this differentiation, hard rock and heavy metal have existed side by side, with bands frequently standing on the boundary of, other antecedents include Link Wrays instrumental Rumble in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as Lets Go Trippin and Misirlou. In the 1960s, American and British blues and rock bands began to rock and roll by adding harder sounds, heavier guitar riffs, bombastic drumming. From the late 1960s, it common to divide mainstream rock music that emerged from psychedelia into soft. Soft rock was often derived from rock, using acoustic instruments and putting more emphasis on melody. In contrast, hard rock was most often derived from rock and was played louder. Blues rock acts that pioneered the sound included Cream, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, Cream, in songs like I Feel Free combined blues rock with pop and psychedelia, particularly in the riffs and guitar solos of Eric Clapton. Jimi Hendrix produced a form of blues-influenced psychedelic rock, which combined elements of jazz, blues and rock, from 1967 Jeff Beck brought lead guitar to new heights of technical virtuosity and moved blues rock in the direction of heavy rock with his band, The Jeff Beck Group
Hard rock
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Cream, whose blues rock improvisation was a major factor in the development of the genre.
Hard rock
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Led Zeppelin live at
Chicago Stadium, January 1975.
Hard rock
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The Who on stage in 1975.
Hard rock
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Kiss onstage in Boston in 2004.
5.
Progressive rock
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Progressive rock is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s. Prog is based on fusions of styles, approaches and genres, Prog saw a high level of popularity in the early-to-mid 1970s, but faded soon after. Conventional wisdom holds that the rise of rock caused this. Music critics, who labelled the concepts as pretentious and the sounds as pompous and overblown. Early groups who exhibited progressive features are described as proto-prog. In 1967, progressive rock constituted a diversity of loosely associated style codes, the Canterbury scene, originating in the late 1960s, denoted a subset of prog bands who emphasised the use of wind instruments, complex chord changes and long improvisations. Rock in Opposition, from the late 1970s, was more avant-garde, in the 1980s, a new subgenre, neo-progressive rock, enjoyed some commercial success, although it was also accused of being derivative and lacking in innovation. Post-progressive draws upon newer developments in music and the avant-garde since the mid 1970s. The term progressive rock is synonymous with art rock, classical rock, historically, art rock has been used to describe at least two related, but distinct, types of rock music. Similarities between the two terms are that they describe a mostly British attempt to elevate rock music to new levels of artistic credibility. However, art rock is likely to have experimental or avant-garde influences. Prog was devised in the 1990s as a term, but later became a transferable adjective. Although a unidirectional English progressive style emerged in the late 1960s, by 1967, critics of the genre often limit its scope to a stereotype of long solos, overlong albums, fantasy lyrics, grandiose stage sets and costumes, and an obsessive dedication to technical skill. Author Kevin Holm-Hudson believes that rock is a style far more diverse than what is heard from its mainstream groups. They each do so largely unconsciously, academic John S. Cotner contests Macans view that progressive rock cannot exist without the continuous and overt assimilation of classical music into rock. Debate about the criteria and scope of the genre continues in the 2010s. In early references to the music, progressive was partly related to progressive politics, Cotner also says that progressive rock incorporates both formal and eclectic elements, It consists of a combination of factors – some of them intramusical, others extramusical or social. One way of conceptualising rock and roll in relation to music is that progressive music pushed the genre into greater complexity while retracing the roots of romantic
Progressive rock
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King Crimson, one of the most important and influential progressive rock bands
Progressive rock
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The synthesizer became a viable instrument when modular synthesizers, such as this one played by Keith Emerson, were replaced by smaller, simpler versions
Progressive rock
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Modern synthesizer technology has reduced the need for huge setups of bulky equipment. Here
Rick Wakeman plays a digital synthesizer with one hand and programs a Minimoog with the other
Progressive rock
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Canadian band Rush perform in 2004. (left to right
Alex Lifeson,
Geddy Lee and
Neil Peart)
6.
Jazz-rock
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Jazz fusion is a musical genre that developed in the late 1960s when musicians combined aspects of jazz harmony and improvisation with styles such as funk, rock, rhythm and blues, and Latin jazz. During this time many jazz musicians began experimenting with electric instruments and amplified sound for the first time, as well as electronic effects, many of the developments during the late 1960s and early 1970s have since become established elements of jazz fusion musical practice. Fusion arrangements vary in complexity—some employ groove-based vamps fixed to a key, or even a single chord. Others can feature odd or shifting time signatures with elaborate chord progressions, melodies, typically, these arrangements, whether simple or complex, will feature extended improvised sections that can vary in length. As with jazz, fusion often employs brass and woodwind instruments such as trumpet and saxophone as melody and soloing instruments, the rhythm section typically consists of electric bass, electric guitar, electric piano/synthesizer and drums. As with traditional jazz improvisation, fusion instrumentalists generally require a level of technical proficiency. The term jazz-rock is often used as a synonym for jazz fusion as well as for music performed by late 1960s, experimentation continued in the 1990s and 2000s. Fusion albums, even those that are made by the group or artist. Rather than being a musical style, fusion can be viewed as a musical tradition or approach. Afro-Cuban jazz, one the earliest form of Latin jazz, is a fusion of Afro-Cuban clave-based rhythms with jazz harmonies and techniques of improvisation. Afro-Cuban jazz first emerged in the early 1940s with the Cuban musicians Mario Bauza and Frank Grillo Machito in the band Machito and his Afro-Cubans, based in New York City. Early combinations of jazz with Cuban music, such as Dizzys and Pozos Manteca and Charlie Parkers and Machitos Mangó Mangüé, were referred to as Cubop. During its first decades, the Afro-Cuban jazz movement was stronger in the United States than in Cuba itself, allmusic Guide states that until around 1967, the worlds of jazz and rock were nearly completely separate. One of the earliest releases from Pink Floyd, London 66–67 incorporated jazz-influenced improvisation to their psychedelic compositions, nevertheless, these developments made little impact in the United States. Jazz vibraphonist Gary Burton was an innovator in the 1960s, in 1967, Burton worked with electric guitarist Larry Coryell and recorded Duster, which is considered one of the first fusion records. Texas-born guitarist Coryell was also a pioneer of jazz in the same era. Trumpeter and composer Miles Davis had a influence on the development of jazz fusion with his 1968 album Miles in the Sky. It is the first of Davis albums to incorporate electric instruments, with Herbie Hancock and Ron Carter playing electric piano and bass guitar, respectively
Jazz-rock
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Trumpeter
Miles Davis in 1989: One of the first innovators of jazz fusion
Jazz-rock
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Weather Report began as an experimental group, but eventually garnered a huge following.
Jazz-rock
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Fusion band
Return to Forever in 1976
Jazz-rock
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French jazz violinist
Jean-Luc Ponty performed on acoustic violin and on amplified, electronic effect-modified electric violins.
7.
Columbia Records
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Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an enterprise named the American Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the sound business. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of singers, instrumentalists. It is one of Sony Musics three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records, rather, as above, it was connected to CBS, a broadcasting media company which had purchased the company in 1938, and had been co-founded in 1927 by Columbia Records itself. Though Arista Records was sold to Bertelsmann Music Group, it would become a sister label of Columbia Records through its mutual connection to Sony Music. The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded in 1887 by stenographer, lawyer and New Jersey native Edward Easton and it derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a monopoly on sales and service of Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington. As was the custom of some of the regional companies, Columbia produced many commercial cylinder recordings of its own. Columbias ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company were severed in 1894 with the North American Phonograph Companys breakup, thereafter it sold only records and phonographs of its own manufacture. In 1902, Columbia introduced the XP record, a brown wax record. According to Gracyk, the molded brown waxes may have sold to Sears for distribution. Columbia began selling records and phonographs in addition to the cylinder system in 1901, preceded only by their Toy Graphophone of 1899. For a decade, Columbia competed with both the Edison Phonograph Company cylinders and the Victor Talking Machine Company disc records as one of the top three names in American recorded sound. In order to add prestige to its catalog of artists. The firm also introduced the internal-horn Grafonola to compete with the extremely popular Victrola sold by the rival Victor Talking Machine Company, during this era, Columbia used the famous Magic Notes logo—a pair of sixteenth notes in a circle—both in the United States and overseas. Columbia was split into two companies, one to make records and one to make players, Columbia Phonograph was moved to Connecticut, and Ed Easton went with it. Eventually it was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, in late 1923, Columbia went into receivership
Columbia Records
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Original home of Columbia in Washington, D.C., in 1889
Columbia Records
Columbia Records
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A Columbia type AT cylinder
graphophone, first released in 1898
Columbia Records
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This article is about the American record label active worldwide except in Japan. For the Columbia label which was a unit of EMI, see
Columbia Graphophone Company. For the Columbia label in Japan, see
Nippon Columbia.
8.
Frontiers Records
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Frontiers Records is an Italian record label, predominantly producing classic rock. It was founded in 1996 by Serafino Perugino and is based in Naples,1998 saw the birth of Frontiers Records. The label was launched with the goal of producing quality products in the field of melodic rock offering. The first release of the new label was the live album Never Say Goodbye by the British hard rock group Ten. S. and Canada distribution. After Universal Music Group s purchase of EMI, Caroline, a UMG company, has undertaken US distribution. From January 2017, Sony Music or its independent labels distributor RED Music has started to distribute Frontiers Records releases in some key markets such as US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Caroline Distribution has been continuing the distribution in UK while in the parts of the world. List of record labels Frontiers Records home page
Frontiers Records
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Frontiers Records
9.
Bad English
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The members decided on a name for the band while playing pool. John Waite missed a shot and Jonathan Cain made a comment on how bad his english was, the name is also thought to be a reference to The Babys, since the name was misspelled and an example of bad English. Jonathan Cain and guitarist Neal Schon, who had enjoyed success in Journey. The bands second album, Backlash, came and went without any fanfare, the only single, Straight To Your Heart, just missed the Top 40, peaking at No.42. Ricky Phillips writes on his website that the group had parted company before the album had been mixed. Both Phillips and guitarist Neal Schon expressed frustration with the pop side of the bands songs, in the end, it proved to be the bands undoing as everyone left to pursue other projects. In the mid-1990s, Schon rejoined Cain in a reformed Journey, castronovo later joined Journey as well. Meanwhile, Phillips returned to work, recording with artists such as Coverdale/Page, Bobby Kimball. John Waite returned to his solo career
Bad English
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Bad English, clockwise L-to-R: Neal Schon, Deen Castronovo, Ricky Phillips, Jonathan Cain, and John Waite
10.
Santana (band)
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Santana is an American Latin rock band formed in San Francisco, California in 1966 by Mexican-American guitarist Carlos Santana. The band first came to public attention when their performance of Soul Sacrifice at Woodstock in 1969 provided a contrast to other acts on the bill. This exposure helped propel their first album, also named Santana, into a hit, in the years that followed, lineup changes were common. Carlos Santanas increasing involvement with guru Sri Chinmoy took the band into more esoteric music, though never quite losing its initial Latin influence. In 1998, Santana was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, with Carlos Santana, Jose Chepito Areas, David Brown, Gregg Rolie, Mike Carabello, the band has earned nine Grammy Awards and three Latin Grammy Awards, the latter all in 2000. Carlos also won a Grammy Award as a solo artist in 1988, Santana has sold more than 90 million records worldwide, making them one of the worlds best-selling groups of all time. In 2013, Santana announced a reunion of the classic line-up for a new record, Santana IV and they are tied for having the most won Grammys in one night. The band was formed in 1966 in San Francisco as the Santana Blues Band with the help of Tom Fraser, the first established members were Carlos Santana, Marcus Malone, Rod Harper, Gus Rodriguez and Gregg Rolie. The groups first audition with this line up was at the Avalon Ballroom in the summer of 1967. Ahead of Woodstock, Bill Graham was asked to help with logistics, Bill agreed to lend his help only if a new band he was championing, an unknown band called Santana was added to the bill. Santana was announced as one of the performers at the Woodstock Festival, the band started recording their 1969 debut album Santana in May 1969 and finished it in a month. Later that month, they released their album, which peaked at number 4 on the US Billboard 200 pop chart with the single Evil Ways being a top 10 single in the US. Santana went on tour to promote their debut LP and started work on their next, work began in mid-April 1970 at Wally Heider Studios in San Francisco and was completed in early May 1970. From January to July 1971 Santana worked on Santana III, released in September 1971, the album also reached number 1 on the US Billboard 200. At the peak of the popularity, the album was the last to feature its classic Woodstock era line-up. Before recording their fourth album Caravanserai, there had been multiple line-up changes, bassist David Brown left in 1971 before recording started and was replaced by Doug Rauch and Tom Rutley. Percussionist Michael Carabello left Santana and was replaced with two percussionists, Armando Peraza and Mingo Lewis, keyboardist/vocalist Gregg Rolie was replaced by Tom Coster on a few songs. Caravanserai debuted at number 8 on the pop charts, despite not spawning a hit single,13 months after Caravanserai, Santana released Welcome
Santana (band)
–
The band in 1971
11.
Vital Information
–
Steve Smith and Vital Information is an American jazz-fusion group led by drummer Steve Smith. By 1977 Smith was touring with Jean-Luc Ponty, Landers with Al Di Meola and they met in Boston once a year for a “reunion” gig using various guitarists such as Dean Brown, Daryl Stuermer or Barry Finnerty to complete the band. From 1977–1982 the three band members wrote many compositions, played a number of gigs and developed the sound. After Smith was in Journey for a few years he was able to secure a Columbia record deal for his first solo album, the group recorded Vital Information, which featured Landers, Wilczewski and Smith along with guitarists Dean Brown and Mike Stern. The album was recorded in Warren, Rhode Island in January 1983, in September 1983 the band toured the USA with the Dutch guitarist Eef Albers replacing Mike Stern, who was on the road with both Miles Davis and Jaco Pastorius. At the end of the tour the group returned to RI and recorded Orion, after leaving Journey in 1985 Steve Smith continued on as the bandleader of Vital Information with Tim Landers and Dave Wilczewski eventually leaving the group to pursue their own careers. Landers is a studio musician in Los Angeles and Wilczewski moved to Stockholm, Sweden. Tom Coster, formerly of Santana, joined Vital Information in 1986 and first appeared on Global Beat, a more straight-ahead jazz version of the group, with Larry Grenadier, Larry Schneider, Tom Coster, Frank Gambale, Steve Smith, recorded Vitalive. The album has recently been re-mastered and rereleased, jeff Andrews joined the band in the early 1990s recording Easier Done Than Said and Ray of Hope. Vital Information re-invented themselves as a more organic groove-oriented band with the direction of Where We Come from, baron Browne joined the band in 1998, which further solidified their more funk-oriented approach. With the line-up of Smith Tom Coster, Frank Gambale and Browne they recorded Live Around the World, with the recording Come on in Smith started introducing Indian rhythms into the music. On Vitalization Vinny Valentino joined Vital Information on guitar and Smith featured himself on his recently developed konnakol chops along with integrating more Indian rhythms into the music, one Great Night is Vital Information’s latest release and is the first of a number of releases to commemorate their 30th Anniversary. Fusco and Soskin are two musicians from Smith’s other bands Buddy’s Buddies and Jazz Legacy, with VI NYC Edition the band plays the classic Vital Information songs along with the music of Jazz Legacy and Buddy’s Buddies. In November 2012 VI NYC Edition recorded an album and new studio album. The Vital Information NYC Edition recordings will be released in 2013 as part of the groups 30th Anniversary Celebration, Steve Smith – drums Tom Coster – keyboards Frank Gambale – guitar, voice Larry Schneider – saxophone Larry Grenadier – acoustic bass Tom Coster Jr
Vital Information
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Steve Smith and Vital Information (2009)
12.
Neal Schon
–
Neal Joseph Schon is an American rock guitarist, songwriter, and vocalist, best known for his work with the bands Journey and Bad English. He is Journeys last original constant member, having participated in every album and he was a member of the rock band Santana before forming Journey, and was also an original member of Hardline. Schon was inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame on August 23,2013, Schon will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey in 2017. Neal Joseph Schon was born at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, Schon first picked up the guitar at around the age of five. A quick learner, he joined Santana as a teenager at 15, Schon has said he was asked by Eric Clapton to join Derek and the Dominos, but that he joined Santana instead, performing on the albums Santana III and Caravanserai. Schon also played in Azteca before moving on in 1973 to form Journey, Schons guitar style has been described as soulful, taking inspiration from 1960s-era soul singers such as Aretha Franklin and Gladys Knight, and blending it with blues runs similar to B. B. He was influenced by such as Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix, Carlos Santana. Schon can be heard on albums including three tracks on Michael Boltons The Hunger, with the Schon sound most recognizable on The Dock of the Bay. He also joined Larry Graham to play in a band for cult funk artist and ex-wife of Miles Davis. In addition, Schon also contributed to Lenny Whites 1977 album Big City, Schons first guitar was an acoustic Stella, followed two years later by a Gibson ES-335. When the 335 was stolen, he replaced it with a 56 Les Paul Goldtop reissue that he used for many years and he has previously employed Godin guitars on his 1995 solo album Beyond the Thunder, and more recently uses Paul Reed Smith guitars. In the late 1980s, Schon manufactured and played his own line of guitars, simply named Schon, about 200 of the Jackson-produced models were made. A Gibson Les Paul Super Custom can be seen in the video for the Journey song Anyway You Want It. Recently he has been using a Seven String Ibanez Universe. On the song Lights, he uses a Fender Stratocaster later equipped with a Floyd Rose tremolo, as of 2008, Schon currently prefers guitar pedals from Xotic, a Vox Satriani model and occasionally uses a Buddy Guy wah pedal. In a 2007 interview, Neal confirmed that he has had tinnitus for years stemming from excessive loud playing, Schons father, Matthew Schon, was a jazz musician and composer who provided the arrangements on the Journey song Mother, Father. Currently, Neal uses Paul Reed Smith guitars, and has two models with the NS prefix. The two said they had dated years previously in the 1990s and were very happy together
Neal Schon
–
Schon in Las Vegas, December 2012
Neal Schon
–
On December 15, 2013, Neal Schon married Michaele Salahi at the
Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco. For this occasion, a white tent (photo) had been erected in the rotunda of the Palace.
13.
Ross Valory
–
Ross Lamont Valory is an American musician, and the bass player for the rock band Journey. He and Neal Schon are the remaining original members of the band. Valory will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey in 2017, aside from his termination from the group during the Raised on Radio album sessions and subsequent tour in 1986, Valory has played on all of Journeys albums. Valory grew up in Lafayette, California and attended Acalanes High School, one of the innovations that Valory uses is to string a four-string bass with the bottom four strings of a 5-string set. Thus, instead of the usual E-A-D-G arrangement, his bass is strung as B-E-A-D and this adds the five string depth to the songs, while allowing the quick fingering of a four-string neck. Valory also plays keyboards and guitar, Valory also played for The Vu, The Storm, Frumious Bandersnatch and the Steve Miller Band. Ross Valory official MySpace site Official Journey website Ross Valory fan site Ross Valory Mouthman site
Ross Valory
–
Ross Valory with Journey on September 16, 2008
14.
Steve Smith (musician)
–
Steve Elliott Smith is an American drummer known for being the drummer of the rock band Journey, rejoining the band for the third time in 2015. Modern Drummer magazine readers voted him the #1 All-Around Drummer five years in a row, in 2001, the publication named Smith as one of the Top 25 Drummers of All Time, and in 2002 he was voted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame. He will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey in 2017. Having received his first drum kit at age two, Smith began taking lessons at age nine, in 1963, with local Boston area drum teacher Bill Flanagan. Smith got his first “real” drum set when he was 12 years old, on many nights, Steve could be heard practicing in a small shed in the backyard of his Harvard street home. His first “paid gig” was with a garage band and he graduated from high school in 1972, and joined the Lin Biviano Big Band at 19, playing with them for two years. After high school, Smith attended the Berklee College of Music in Boston and he occupied the drum chair from late 1978 through mid-1985. Smith left the band in 1985, but he returned in 1995 for the bands 1996 comeback album, in the interim, he played with Journey offshoot The Storm. Smith also has led his own group, Vital Information since 1977. In the early 1990s, Smith studied with Freddie Gruber and as a result, his playing style completely changed. Smith performed Nutville, and was invited to return for the tribute album, Burning for Buddy, A Tribute to the Music of Buddy Rich, Vol.2. 2001 was the year Modern Drummer magazine named Smith as one of the Top 25 Drummers of All Time, the following year, he was voted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame. In 2003, his Hudson Music DVD Steve Smith Drumset Technique - History of the U. S, both were recorded live at the famous London jazz club Ronnie Scotts. They are Very Live at Ronnie Scotts Set One & Set Two, in 2007, Steve Smith and Buddys Buddies were renamed Steve Smiths Jazz Legacy. The band now pays tribute to many great jazz drummers in addition to Buddy Rich, in 1989, Smith headlined the Buddy Rich Memorial Scholarship Concert held in New York City, performing a duet with fellow drummer Marvin Smitty Smith. On November 24,2015, Journey announced that Smith has rejoined the band, One Great Night Steve Smith & Vital Information Web Sites 2012 Audio Interview with Steve Smith from the Podcast Id Hit That
Steve Smith (musician)
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Steve Elliott Smith
15.
Jonathan Cain
–
Jonathan Cain is an American musician, singer and songwriter best known for his work with The Babys, Journey and Bad English. Cain will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey in 2017, Cain was born in Chicago, Illinois. At the age of eight Cain began accordion lessons, and by the time he was in his teens he was playing accordion and piano at parties and he also plays guitar, bass and harmonica. Cain attended East Leyden High School in Franklin Park, Illinois and he was a survivor of the Our Lady of the Angels School Fire of 1958, in which 92 students and 3 nuns died. He later attended the Chicago Conservatory of Music before moving to Nashville, Tennessee for a time and then eventually to Los Angeles, in 1976, Cain released his first record as the Jonathan Cain Band, Windy City Breakdown, on Bearsville Records. In 1979, he joined The Babys, appearing on their albums Union Jacks, in 1980 Cain left The Babys to join the rock band Journey, taking Gregg Rolies place on keyboards. Perhaps his most notable contribution was as sole author of the classic Journey ballad Faithfully, Cain would go on to appear on at least 13 other Journey albums and compilations. The song Working Class Man sung by Jimmy Barnes is one of Cains compositions and is considered to be Barnes signature song. Cain reunited with former Babys bandmates John Waite and Ricky Phillips, fellow Journey bandmate Neal Schon, the band released two albums before disbanding in the early 1990s. In 1996, the Journey lineup from the album Escape was reunited and they reformed and recorded the album Trial by Fire. Steve Perry then left the again in 1998, after suffering a hip injury, while hiking in Hawaii. Journey has continued on three subsequent lead singers, Steve Augeri from 1998 to 2006, Jeff Scott Soto from 2006 to 2007. Cain is known to perform a solo at every Journey concert. He started this tradition when Steve Augeri joined the band in 1998 and he usually plays exactly the same solo at every concert on a tour, and has changed the solo he performs only four times, in 1998,2003,2009, and 2011. In addition to his work with Journey, Cain has released eight solo albums, Cain has been married three times. His first wife was singer Tané McClure, in 1989 he married his second wife, Elizabeth Yvette Fullerton, with whom he has three children, Madison, Liza and Weston. Cain moved from Novato, California to a suburb of Nashville and he is now married to minister Paula White. He has built a studio called Addiction Sound in Nashville
Jonathan Cain
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Cain in 2007
16.
Arnel Pineda
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Arnel Campaner Pineda is a Filipino singer and songwriter. He came to prominence in the Philippines during the 1980s and internationally in 2007 as the singer of the American rock band Journey. Arnel Pineda was born on September 5,1967 at St. Jude Thaddeus Diagnostic Clinic in Tondo, Manila, Philippines to Restituto Lising Pineda and Josefina Manansala Campaner. His mother instilled his love for singing at an age, encouraging him to sing along to songs from his favorite singers like Karen Carpenter. Growing up, his parents entered him in singing contests. His mother, who had been suffering heart disease, died when he was 13 years old. Her illness had left their family deep in debt, being more than six months behind on their apartment rent and unable to sufficiently provide for the family, his father decided to move out and ask relatives to take in Pinedas siblings. To ease his fathers burden, Pineda quit school and started working and he spent about two years on the streets, sleeping wherever he could, in public parks, or on a narrow bench outside a friends crowded house. He earned meager money by collecting glass bottles, newspapers, and scrap metal and he would also go to the pier with his friends and take on odd jobs like cleaning scrap metal and docked ships. He didnt have much to eat, sometimes rationing a small package of Marie biscuit as food for two days, in 1982, when Pineda was 15 years old, he became the lead singer of the Filipino group Ijos. He used to sing in a Shakeys Pizza Parlor on Taft Street in Manila, in 1986, some members of Ijos formed a group called Amo. Amo entered and won the Rock Wars contest in the Philippines, in 1988, Amo entered and won the Philippines leg of the Yamaha World Band Explosion. They went on to the finals in Hong Kong, but were not qualified to win due to a technicality, the rules stated the winning song had to be an original composition. However, they stated that the song entry in the finals had to be the same song with which the band won their countrys leg of the competition. Amos winning song in the Philippines was Queens Bohemian Rhapsody, after the contest, the band continued as Amo, performing live. They opened for Robert Palmer in Manila in 1989, Amo played in clubs in Quezon City, Olongapo City and Makati City, which are located in Luzon, the biggest island in the Philippines. Amo was very popular in the Chinese-owned California Jam club in Olongapo City, in 1990, Pineda and other members of Amo formed another band called Intensity Five and once again entered the Yamaha World Band Explosion. Pineda won the Best Vocalist award and the came in as first runner up
Arnel Pineda
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Arnel Pineda of Journey performing in Macau, March 20, 2009
Arnel Pineda
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Arnel Pineda at the
PNC Bank Arts Center,
New Jersey, on August 11, 2008.
17.
George Tickner
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George Tyndall Tickner is an American rock musician who played rhythm guitar and co-wrote songs as a founding member of Journey. Prior to joining Journey, Tickner was a member of the San Francisco psychedelic rock band Frumious Bandersnatch, after the release of the bands debut album, he left Journey to attend Stanford Medical School on a full scholarship. Upon Tickners departure, Journey lead guitarist Neal Schon took over all of the guitar duties. Since leaving Journey, Tickner has maintained an active interest in music and he and Ross Valory created The Hive, a recording studio where he continued to write and compose music. In January 2005, Tickner appeared with past and present members of the band to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, a Young Mans Song Faun Journey Look into the Future Next VTR - Cinema George Tickners website George Tickners MySpace page
George Tickner
–
George Tickner
18.
Aynsley Dunbar
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Aynsley Thomas Dunbar is an English drummer. Dunbar will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey in 2017, Aynsley Thomas Dunbar was born in Liverpool, England. He started his career in Derry Wilkie and the Pressmen in 1963. In December 1964 he joined Merseybeat group the Mojos, who were renamed Stu James & the Mojos, with original members vocalist Stu James and guitarist Nick Crouch and bass player Lewis Collins. Dunbar then auditioned for the Jimi Hendrix Experience and Hendrix had difficulty deciding between Dunbar and Mitch Mitchell – the latter won Hendrixs coin flip, Dunbar then joined John Mayalls Bluesbreakers replacing Hughie Flint in the summer of 1966. He stayed with Mayall until the spring of 1967, being replaced by Mick Fleetwood, after a short stint in the Jeff Beck Group Dunbar founded the Aynsley Dunbar Retaliation, so named to chide Mayall who fired him. They issued four albums during their existence, the Dunbar single version was recorded in 1967 for the Blue Horizon label, prior to his bands first album release The Aynsley Dunbar Retaliation. Subsequently, Dunbar founded a progressive rock band called Blue Whale. Following the recent collapse of the lineup of King Crimson. Fripp, in turn, unsuccessfully tried to recruit Dunbar as King Crimsons new drummer, Blue Whale recorded one album, which featured Paul Williams, Ivan Zagni, Roger Sutton, Tommy Eyre and Peter Friedberg. Dunbar was later the drummer for Frank Zappas Mothers of Invention, featuring on albums such as Waka/Jawaka, in 1974 he played on the soundtrack of Dirty Duck, an adult animated film directed by Charles Swenson. In the mid-1970s Dunbar played drums for former Grin leader, Nils Lofgren and he joined Jefferson Starship for three albums. On 28 December 1978, he played at Winterland in San Francisco with the Tubes, Dunbar joined Whitesnake in 1985 and drummed on their 1987 album, Whitesnake. He also spent some time working with Eric Burdon, Michael Schenker, more recently, in 2005, he drummed on Jake E. Lees solo Retraced album. He has been the drummer for the World Classic Rockers since 2003, in 2008 Dunbar recorded an album of material for Direct Music with Mickey Thomas of Starship, and musicians such as Jake E. Lee, former guitarist for Ozzy Osbourne. The complete recordings of Dunbars drumming with Frank Zappa at Carnegie Hall in October 1971 were released exactly 40 years after the event in a four-CD set. The Aynsley Dunbar Retaliation Doctor Dunbars Prescription To Mum, From Aynsley & The Boys Remains To Be Heard Mutiny Blue Whale Tracks,1, willing to Fight –6,482. Willie the Pimp –14,553
Aynsley Dunbar
–
Aynsley Dunbar
19.
Gregg Rolie
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Gregg Alan Rolie is an American singer and keyboardist. Rolie served as singer of the bands Santana, Journey. He also helmed rock group The Storm, and currently performs with his Gregg Rolie Band, Rolie is a two-time inductee of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, having been inducted both as a member of Santana in 1998 and as a member of Journey in 2017. Prior to Santana, Rolie played with a group called William Penn and his Pals while attending Cubberley High School in Palo Alto, California, circa 1965. A year after graduating high school in 1965, Rolie joined Carlos Santana and others to form the Santana Blues Band. As a co-founding member of Santana, Rolie was part of the bands first wave of success, including an appearance at the Woodstock Music and Art Festival in 1969 and central roles in several hit albums. He is perhaps best known for being their lead vocalist, with his voice appearing on well-known Santana songs such as Black Magic Woman, Oye Como Va, No One To Depend On. He also became known for his skill on the Hammond B3 organ. However, persistent differences with Carlos Santana regarding the direction of the band led Rolie to leave at the end of 1971. In 1973 Rolie joined a new band with ex-Santana guitarist Neal Schon, starring in a lineup that featured Schon, Aynsley Dunbar, George Tickner, and Ross Valory, he was keyboardist for the bands first six albums. On Journey and Look into the Future, he was lead vocalist, after Steve Perry joined the band in 1977, Rolie sang co-lead vocals on several songs on the albums Infinity, Evolution, and Departure. After leaving Journey in 1980, Rolie released several solo albums and this album featured the song I Wanna Go Back, which later became a hit for Eddie Money, and included contributions from Carlos Santana, Peter Wolf, Neal Schon, and Craig Chaquico. A second solo effort, Gringo, was released in 1987, Rolie formed The Storm in 1991 with Steve Smith and Ross Valory of Journey. Despite this success, their album, recorded in 1993, was shelved, due to the industrys shifting focus to favor rap. It finally saw limited release in 1996, and in 1998, Rolie and other members of Santana, including Neal Schon, briefly reunited as Abraxas Pool. Besides Rolie and Wikso, Roots featured appearances by Neal Schon, Alphonso Johnson, Dave Amato, Adrian Areas, the Gregg Rolie Band saw Kurt Griffey taking over guitar duties and the addition of Wally Minko as a second keyboardist. They recorded a live CD at Sturgis called Rain Dance, which was released in 2009, in 2012–2014 he toured as a member of Ringo Starr and his All Starr Band performing Santana hits Black Magic Woman, Evil Ways and Everybodys Everything. The band also included Toto guitarist Steve Lukather, Todd Rundgren, Richard Page, Mark Rivera, on February 2,2013 Carlos Santana confirmed that he would reunite his classic lineup, most of whom played Woodstock with him in 1969
Gregg Rolie
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Rolie performing with Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band in June 2014
20.
Steve Perry
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Stephen Ray Steve Perry is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He is best known as the singer of the rock band Journey during their most commercially successful periods from 1977 to 1987. Perry had a solo career between the mid-1980s and mid-1990s. Perrys singing has garnered acclaim from prominent musical peers and publications, he has described as The Voice. He ranks No.76 on Rolling Stone Magazines 100 Greatest Singers Of All Time and was inducted into the Rock, Perry resides in Del Mar, California. Stephen Ray Perry was born in Hanford, California to Portuguese parents, Perry grew up interested in music, as his father, Raymond Perry, was a vocalist and co-owner of radio station KNGS. On his 12th birthday, his mother, Mary Quaresma, presented her son with an eighth note necklace. When Perry was 12 years old, he heard Sam Cookes song Cupid on his mothers car radio and it inspired Perry to become a singer. His family moved to Lemoore, California during Perrys teen years and he attended high school there, drumming in the marching band as well as in extracurricular bands. He attended College of the Sequoias, in Visalia, California, for a time after graduation. Perrys mother encouraged his musical growth during this time, in his early 20s, Perry moved to Sacramento to start a band with a 16-year-old future music producer Scott Mathews, who co-wrote, played drums, guitar and sang. Upon returning to Sacramento, Ice disbanded as the band had no management, Mathews was stuck in school. In 1975, Perry moved to Thousand Oaks, California, where he formed a rock band called Pieces with Tim Bogert, Denver Cross. After a year and a half, the group was unable to secure a record deal, Perry then ended up in Banta, California outside of Tracy, California, where he fronted the band Alien Project in his mid-20s. He nearly gave up music when the bassist of that band, fleischman had never signed with Herberts company, preferring his previous manager and he had not fully coalesced with the bands then progressive rock style. Perry brought a new, more pop-influenced style sense to the bands music, despite some grumblings from his new bandmates. He made his debut on October 28,1977 in San Francisco to a mixed reception. Perry eventually won over new fans on his first album with the group, Infinity, the bands style had changed dramatically, but as Journey began to garner radio airplay and media buzz over Infinity, Perrys arrival was fully accepted
Steve Perry
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Perry in 2006
21.
Randy Jackson
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Randall Darius Randy Jackson is an American bassist, singer, record producer, entrepreneur and television personality. He is best known from his work as a judge on American Idol. Jackson has won a Grammy Award as a producer, Jackson was born on June 23,1956, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, the son of Julia, a homemaker, and Herman Jackson, a plant foreman. His first marriage, to Elizabeth Jackson, was dissolved in 1990, in 1995, Jackson married Erika Riker, with whom he has two children, a 14-year-old daughter named Zoe and a 12-year-old son named Jordan. In 2003, Jackson lost 114 pounds following gastric bypass surgery and he stated in a February 2008 television commercial that he has type 2 diabetes. In the early 1980s he played on three albums for Jean-Luc Ponty and with the rock band Taxxi, from 1986 to 1987 he was a session musician for the rock group Journey. Jackson played on Journeys 1986 album Raised on Radio and he moved to Italy in the late 1980s and played on a record by Italian pop star Zucchero. The record, Zucchero and the Randy Jackson Band, was produced by Corrado Rustici who played guitar with Jackson on many albums in the early 1980s and he also played with Billy Cobham. In 1985, Keith Richards was asked to provide music for the Whoopi Goldberg comedy vehicle Jumpin Jack Flash, Richards assembled an all-star band which included Aretha Franklin on piano and lead vocals and Jackson on bass guitar. This song was the track on Arethas 1986 album titled Aretha. Jackson can be seen in the songs video, in the late 1980s, Jackson was still doing sessions. He was notably on the first solo album by famed session guitarist Steve Lukather, Jackson was a featured bass guitarist on five songs on Mazes 1989 Silky Soul album. He also performed on several of Kenny Gs albums, Jackson was the bass guitarist on the 1991 self-titled Divinyls album as well as featured bassist on several tracks of Tracy Chapmans 1992 release, Matters of the Heart. He performed on the singles Bang Bang Bang, Open Arms and that same year, Jackson also played bass on Bruce Springsteens song Human Touch. Jackson has recorded, produced, or toured with many artists and bands, ranging from Mariah Carey to N Sync, Whitney Houston, Dionne Farris, Céline Dion, Fergie, Stryper. Jackson played numerous times in Jean-Luc Pontys backing band and his production/songwriting work in the San Francisco Bay Area with Narada Michael Walden and Walter Afanasieff led Jackson to be in demand as a producer as well. On March 11,2008, Jackson released an album produced entirely by himself, titled Randy Jacksons Music Club, the albums release was preceded by the single Dance Like Theres No Tomorrow sung by Paula Abdul. In 2009, Randy began working with former Idol finalist Kimberley Locke, the lead single, Strobe Light, was released March 16,2010
Randy Jackson
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Jackson in 2009
22.
Steve Augeri
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Steve Augeri is an American rock singer best known for his work with Tall Stories, Tyketto, and Journey. Steve Augeri, the son of Joseph and Emma Augeri, was born on January 30,1959, and raised in the Bensonhurst neighborhood of Brooklyn. He attributes his love and inspiration of music to his father, Joseph, and their years of listening to Sinatra, R&B, Soul. Initially studying woodwinds at New York City’s High School of Music and Art, Augeri switched to bassoon and soon discovered his love for classical music. ”When Augeri’s tuition check for college bounced, he returned home to start a rock and roll band. Tall Stories was nominated for “Best Debut Album”, and Augeri for “Best Debut Male Vocalist”, the album Shine was released in 1995, with a subsequent tour of Europe resulting in the album Take Out & Served Up Live in 1996. Augeri decided to stay closer to home and return to his father’s profession of carpentry by accepting a position with the GAP as a manager for their network of stores in New York City. In 1998, Augeri was officially named the fourth lead vocalist. For the next eight years Augeri and the band toured almost constantly to reclaim their standing as one of America’s premier rock bands. The album Generations, released in 2005, would be his last studio album with the group, before the departure there had for years been rumours about the singer lip syncing during live performances. A final testament to his and the success is attained when the live DVD of their Las Vegas concert, recorded in December 2000, titled Journey 2001. In 2010, Steve released the single Riverside and he released another single entitled Photograph in September 2011. A third single Hours In The Day was released in September 2012, two more singles - For The Rest Of My Life and Behind The Sun - were released in August 2013. Home Again was released January 2014, in March 2014, it was announced Augeri had formed the supergroup Ünderwörld, alongside guitarist Kee Marcello, bassist Svante Henryson and drummer Virgil Donati
Steve Augeri
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Augeri performing in Mt Airy, NC in July 2013
23.
Jeff Scott Soto
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Jeff Scott Soto is an American rock singer of Puerto Rican descent. Soto came to prominence in the early 1980s via his involvement with several Yngwie Malmsteen records. The bands Soto has been involved in included Panther, Axel Rudi Pell, Eyes, Talisman, Takara, Humanimal, Human Clay, Kryst The Conqueror, Redlist, The Boogie Knights and Soul SirkUS. Soto has sung vocals on several albums by artists such as Lita Ford, Steelheart, Fergie Frederiksen, Glass Tiger, House of Lords, Stryper, Saigon Kick. He has released solo albums as well. He has also sung vocals on an album inspired by the TV series Biker Mice From Mars. Soto performed at the 2000 annual OIQFC Freddie Mercury Birthday Party at Reading in the UK, since that first meeting, Soto and May have become friends, and Soto has appeared with the SAS Band, Queen sideman Spike Edney’s band. Jeff also appeared with Brian May and Roger Taylor at the Hollywood Walk of Fame bash for the Official International Queen Fan Club, in 2006, Soto replaced Steve Augeri in Journey after Augeri left the tour due to an acute throat infection. On December 19, Soto was confirmed as the lead singer for Journey. On June 12,2007 it was announced on the website that Journey had dismissed Soto as their lead singer. Soto addressed the issue by saying I was looking forward to a long, prosperous future with these guys, no love lost though, they know whats best for the preservation of their legacy. I wish them all the best but now its time to working on my own path again. He toured with Trans-Siberian Orchestra on their Winter Tours of 2008,2009,2010,2011 &2012 and he was featured on the 2013 Winter Tour, on the 2014 European Tour and on the 2015 Wacken show as well. Soto has also come together with musicians of Work Of Art, Soto being of Talisman, hence the first initials of each band spells, W. E. T. The new band has released a debut album, out November 2009. Videos have been made for the tracks One Love, Comes Down Like Rain, on March 11,2011 was released the single Last Time from the Italian band Evolution, duetting with Jeff Scott Soto. This duet is getting a great success in Italy and abroad, in just a few hours after the release, the day after the release, the single also ranked 172 on the Italian Best-Selling Singles on iTunes. Sotos next solo Damage Control was released on Frontiers Records in March 2012, Soto also re-joined W. E. T. for the new album Rise Up which was released Feb 2013 worldwide on Frontiers Records
Jeff Scott Soto
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Jeff Scott Soto
Jeff Scott Soto
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Yngwie, JSS and Rising Force circa 1984
Jeff Scott Soto
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JSS, Brian May & Roger Taylor - 2002
Jeff Scott Soto
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Journey w/ JSS - 2006
24.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
Rock music
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Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2006, showing a quartet lineup for a rock band (from left to right: bassist, lead vocalist, drummer, and guitarist).
Rock music
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Elvis Presley in a promotion shot for
Jailhouse Rock in 1957
Rock music
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Chubby Checker in 2005
Rock music
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The Beach Boys performing in 1964
25.
ITunes Store
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ITunes Store is a software-based online digital media store operated by Apple Inc. It opened on April 28,2003, and has been the largest music vendor in the United States since April 2008, and the largest music vendor in the world since February 2010. It offers over 35 -40 million songs,2.2 million apps,25,000 TV shows, iTunes Stores revenues in the first quarter of 2011 totaled nearly US$1.4 billion, by May 28,2014, the store had sold 35 billion songs worldwide. On January 6,2009, Apple announced that DRM had been removed from 80% of its catalog in the US. As of June 2013, iTunes Store possesses 575 million active user accounts, before iTunes Store, most of the online music was download through websites like Napster. Steve Jobs expressed concern that people were illegally obtaining music because it was the option they had. In 2002, Steve Jobs made an agreement with the five major record labels to offer their content through iTunes, iTunes Store was introduced by Steve Jobs at a Worldwide Developers Conference to give music listeners a legal alternative to peer-to-peer file sharing networks. When it opened, it was the only legal digital catalog of music to songs from all five major record labels. At first, it was available on Mac OS X. Following the introduction of iTunes Store, individual songs were all sold for the same price, Music in the store is in the Advanced Audio Coding format, which is the MPEG-4-specified successor to MP3. Originally, songs were available with DRM and were encoded at 128 kbit/s. At the January 2009 Macworld Expo, Apple announced that all music would be made available without DRM. Previously, this model, known as iTunes Plus, had available only for music from EMI. Users can sample songs by listening to previews, ninety seconds in length, some Apps cost money and some are free. Developers can decide which prices they want to charge for apps, from a pre-set list of pricing tiers, when someone downloads an App,70 percent of the purchase goes to the developer, and 30 percent goes to Apple. At the Macworld 2008 keynote, Steve Jobs, who was Apples CEO at the time, movies are available for rent in iTunes Store on the same day they are released on DVD, though iTunes Store also offers for rental some movies that are still in theaters. Movie rentals are only viewable for 24 hours or 48 hours after users begin viewing them, iTunes Store also offers one low-priced movie rental a week, in the United States, this rental costs 99 cents. Movie rentals are not yet available in all countries but it is available in the United States, Mexico, there is a weekly promotion in which one to three songs are available to download for free to logged-in users
ITunes Store
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Sales of iTunes songs, 2003—2010.
ITunes Store
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The iTunes Store, as seen in iTunes 12.2
ITunes Store
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iTunes Store availability. Green: full functionality (music, apps, videos, etc.) Red: available, but with limitations (only apps, iTunes U, etc.)
ITunes Store
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A fifth-generation
iPod with
earphones. The only portable devices licensed to play protected music from the iTunes Store are
iPods, the
iPhone, the
iPod Touch, the
iPad and selected
Motorola mobile phones, such as the
ROKR.
26.
Escape (Journey album)
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Escape is the seventh studio album by American rock band Journey, released in 1981. It topped the American Billboard 200 chart and features four hit Billboard Hot 100 singles – Dont Stop Believin, Whos Crying Now, Still They Ride and Open Arms – plus rock radio staple Stone in Love. It was certified 9x platinum by the RIAA and sold over million copies worldwide, making it the bands most successful studio album. Escape was the bands first album with keyboardist Jonathan Cain who replaced founding keyboardist Gregg Rolie after he left the band at the end of 1980, the album was co-produced by former Lynyrd Skynyrd sound technician Kevin Elson and one-time Queen engineer Mike Stone, who also engineered the album. Colin Larkin awarded the four out of five stars in the 2002 edition of the Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music. Contemporary Rolling Stone reviews were less favourable, the first review of 1981 by Deborah Frost marked Journey as heavy metal posers and the music in the album as easily playable by any session musician. Readers voted Escape the greatest AOR album of all time, the following year, the magazine ranked Escape #32 in The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Albums of All Time. A2000 Virgin poll saw the album voted the 24th greatest heavy rock album of all time. In 2001, Classic Rock ranked the album #22 in The 100 Greatest Rock Albums of All Time, Q magazine ranked Escape 15th in its Records its OK to Love in 2006. An Atari 2600 game based on the album, Journey Escape, was released in 1982
Escape (Journey album)
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Cover art by
Stanley Mouse
27.
Billboard 200
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The Billboard 200 is a record chart ranking the 200 most popular music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard magazine. It is frequently used to convey the popularity of an artist or groups of artists, often, a recording act will be remembered by its number ones, those of their albums that outperformed all others during at least one week. The chart is based mostly on sales of albums in the United States, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but since July 2015, tracking week begins on Friday and ends on Thursday. A new chart is published the following Tuesday with an issue post-dated to the Saturday of the following week, the charts streaming schedule is also tracked from Friday to Thursday. Example, Friday January 1 – sales tracking week begins Thursday January 7 – sales tracking week ends Tuesday January 12 – new chart published, New product is released to the American market on Fridays. Digital downloads of albums are included in Billboard 200 tabulation. Albums that are not licensed for sale in the United States are not eligible to chart. As of the issue dated April 15,2017, the album on the Billboard 200 is More Life by Drake. Billboard began an album chart in 1945, initially only five positions long, the album chart was not published on a weekly basis, sometimes three to seven weeks passing before it was updated. A biweekly, 15-position Best-Selling Popular Albums chart appeared in 1955, the position count varied anywhere from 10 to 30 albums. The first number-one album on the new weekly list was Belafonte by Harry Belafonte, the chart was renamed to Best-Selling Pop Albums later in 1956, and then to Best-Selling Pop LPs in 1957. Beginning on May 25,1959, Billboard split the ranking into two charts Best-Selling Stereophonic LPs for stereo albums and Best-Selling Monophonic LPs for mono albums and these were renamed to Stereo Action Charts and Mono Action Charts in 1960. In January 1961, they became Action Albums—Stereophonic and Action Albums—Monophonic, three months later, they became Top LPs—Stereo and Top LPs—Monaural. On August 17,1963 the stereo and mono charts were combined into a 150-position chart called Top LPs, on April 1,1967, the chart was expanded to 175 positions, then finally to 200 positions on May 13,1967. In 1960, Billboard began concurrently publishing album charts which ranked sales of older or mid-priced titles and these Essential Inventory charts were divided by stereo and mono albums, and featured titles that had already appeared on the main stereo and mono album charts. In January 1961, the Action Charts became Action Albums—Monophonic, Albums appeared on either chart for up to nine weeks, then were moved to an Essential Inventory list of approximately 200 titles, with no numerical ranking. This list continued to be published until the consolidated Top LPs chart debuted in 1963, in 1982, Billboard began publishing a Midline Albums chart which ranked older or mid-priced titles. The chart held 50 positions and was published on a bi-weekly basis, on May 25,1991, Billboard premiered the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart
Billboard 200
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Contents
28.
Open Arms (Journey song)
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Open Arms is a song by American rock band Journey. It was released as a single from their 1981 album, Escape, co-written by band members Steve Perry and Jonathan Cain, the song is a power ballad whose lyrics are an empowering plea to a lover to forgive past wrongdoings and agree to start anew. It is one of the bands most recognizable hits and their biggest US Billboard Hot 100 hit. Open Arms has been covered by recording artists. The song has also covered by such artists as American singer and songwriter Barry Manilow, R&B group Boyz II Men, K-pop boy group EXO. It is a favorite on reality singing competitions as well, being performed by contestants on US shows The Voice and American Idol. Journeys recording of Open Arms has been described as one of the greatest love songs ever written, Mike DeGagne of AllMusic has described it as One of rocks most beautiful ballads, which gleams with an honesty and feel only Steve Perry could muster. Journey recorded Open Arms for their studio album, Escape. Jonathan Cain had begun writing the song while he was still a member of The Babys, drummer Steve Smith recalls that Schon noted that it sounds kinda Mary Poppins, added to which the other members of the band were against the idea of performing ballads. There is one line in the song that I always wanted to be a certain way, I have ideals about certain things. The line wanting you near — I just wanted that line to go up, I wanted it to be heartfelt. Every time it would come by I would just have to keep my head down, I felt so proud of the song. In the Journey episode of VH1s Behind the Music, Perry recalls the sessions for the song becoming an ordeal, Schon taunted Perry. But when the band performed it in concert for the first time during their Escape Tour in the fall of 1981, after two encores, the band left the stage and Schon suddenly said, Man, that song really kicked ass. Perry recalled being incensed at Schons hypocrisy, I looked at him, and I wanted to kill him, he later said. Everybody else disagreed and they used the track Cain recorded while under the weather, Open Arms was used on the soundtrack to the animated Canadian film Heavy Metal, and it was released as the third single from Escape in January 1982 in the United States. It was also featured on two occasions during scenes of the 1982 film The Last American Virgin and it became one of Journeys biggest singles there, and the most successful of the five singles released from Escape. The single was successful on the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks
Open Arms (Journey song)
–
"Open Arms"
29.
Frontiers (Journey album)
–
Frontiers is the eighth studio album by the American Rock band Journey, released in February 1983 on the Columbia Records label. This is the last album to feature bassist Ross Valory until 1996s Trial by Fire. The album reached No.2 on the Billboard 200 chart and would garner four top 40 singles, After the Fall, Send Her My Love, Faithfully, and Separate Ways, the album would later achieve the RIAA certification of six times platinum. These two tracks were replaced with Back Talk and Troubled Child, ask the Lonely was utilized in the soundtrack for the film Two of a Kind. Only the Young would find its way into the Top Ten two years later, joining the soundtrack of the movie Vision Quest, Frontiers was the bands highest-charting album in the United Kingdom, reaching No.6 on the UK Albums Chart in 1983. From an exclusive interview via E-Mail with Jim Welch by Scott Sullivan of the Journey WWW Page, mouse and Kelley were not involved with that cover. My vision for Frontiers was based on tunnels and the relativity of time, light stays the same, but time bends. It was Einstein theories for artist interpretation, the alien in Frontiers wasnt really an alien at all, he was a connection to a higher level of listening to Journey. In 2005, Frontiers was ranked number 363 in Rock Hard magazines book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time
Frontiers (Journey album)
–
Frontiers
30.
UK Albums Chart
–
The UK Albums Chart is a list of albums ranked by physical and digital sales and audio streaming in the United Kingdom. It was published for the first time on 22 July 1956 and is compiled every week by the Official Charts Company on Fridays and it is broadcast on BBC Radio 1 and published in Music Week magazine, and on the OCC website. To qualify for the Official Albums Chart the album must be the correct length and it must be more than three tracks or 20 minutes long and not be classed as a budget album. A budget album costs between £0.50 and £3.75, additionally, various artist compilations – which until January 1989 were included in the main album listing – are now listed separately in a compilations chart. Full details of the rules can be found on the OCC website. In the 1970s the new chart was revealed at 12,45 pm on Thursdays on BBC Radio 1. Since October 1993 it has included in The Official Chart show from 4,00 –5,45 pm on Fridays. A weekly Album Chart show was licensed out to BBC Radio 2 and presented by Simon Mayo,2005 saw a record number of artist album sales with 126.2 million sold in the UK. In February 2015, it was announced that, due to the sales of albums and rise in popularity of audio streaming. Under the revised methodology, the Official Charts Company takes the 12 most streamed tracks from one album, the total of these streams is divided by 1000 and added to the pure sales of the album. This calculation was designed to ensure that the chart continues to reflect the popularity of the albums themselves. The final number one album on the UK Albums Chart to be based purely on sales alone was Smoke + Mirrors by Imagine Dragons, on 1 March 2015, In the Lonely Hour by Sam Smith became the first album to top the new streaming-incorporated Official Albums Chart. The most successful artists in the charts depends on the criteria used, as of February 2016, Queen albums have spent more time on the British album charts than any other musical act, followed by The Beatles, Elvis Presley, U2 and ABBA. By most weeks at one, however, The Beatles lead with a total of 174 weeks. The male solo artist with the most weeks at one is Presley with a total of 66 weeks. Presley also holds the record for the most number one albums by a solo artist and most top ten albums by any artist. Madonna has the most number one albums by a female artist in the UK, though this includes the Evita film soundtrack which was a cast recording, Adele is the female solo artist with the most weeks at number one, with a total of 37 weeks. Queens Greatest Hits is the album in UK chart history with 6 million copies sold as of February 2014
UK Albums Chart
–
The Official Albums Chart logo, as introduced by the Official Charts Company in October 2011
UK Albums Chart
31.
Gold record
–
Music recording sales certification is a system of certifying that a music recording has shipped or sold a certain number of copies. The threshold quantity varies by type and by nation or territory, almost all countries follow variations of the RIAA certification categories, which are named after precious materials. The number of sales or shipments required for these awards depends upon the population of the territory in which the recording is released, typically, they are awarded only to international releases and are awarded individually for each country in which the album is sold. Different sales levels, some perhaps 10 times lower than others, the original gold record awards were presented to artists by their own record companies to publicize their sales achievements. The first of these was awarded by RCA Victor to Glenn Miller and His Orchestra in February 1942, another example of a company award is the gold record awarded to Elvis Presley in 1956 for one million units sold of his single Dont Be Cruel. The first gold record for an LP was awarded by RCA Victor to Harry Belafonte in 1957 for the album Calypso and these sales were restricted to U. S. -based record companies and did not include exports to other countries. For albums in 1968, this would mean shipping approximately 250,000 units, the platinum certification was introduced in 1976 for the sale of one million units, album or single, with the gold certification redefined to mean sales of 500,000 units, album or single. No album was certified platinum prior to this year, for instance, the recording by Van Cliburn of the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto from 1958 would eventually be awarded a platinum citation, but this would not happen until two decades after its release. In 1999, the certification was introduced for sales of ten million units. On 14 March 1958, the RIAA certified its first gold record, soundtrack was certified as the first gold album four months later. In 1976, RIAA introduced the platinum certification, first awarded to Johnnie Taylors single, Disco Lady, as music sales increased with the introduction of compact discs, the RIAA created the Multi-Platinum award in 1984. Diamond awards, honoring those artists whose sales of singles or albums reached 10,000,000 copies, were introduced in 1999 and this became much less common once the majority of retail sales became paid digital downloads and digital streaming. In most countries certifications no longer apply solely to physical media, in June 2006, the RIAA also certified the ringtone downloads of songs. Streaming from on-demand services such as Rhapsody and Spotify has been included into existing digital certification in the U. S since 2013, in the U. S. and Germany video streaming services like YouTube, VEVO, and Yahoo. Music also began to be counted towards the certification, in both cases using the formula of 100 streams being equivalent to one download, other countries, such as Denmark and Spain, maintain separate awards for digital download singles and streaming. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry was founded in 1996, and grants the IFPI Platinum Europe Award for album sales over one million within Europe, multi-platinum Europe Awards are presented for sales in subsequent multiples of one million. Eligibility is unaffected by time, and is not restricted to European-based artists, IMPALA sales awards were launched in 2005 as the first sales awards recognising that success on a pan-European basis begins well before sales reach one million. The award levels are Silver, Double Silver, Gold, Double Gold, Diamond, Platinum, below are certification thresholds for the United States and United Kingdom
Gold record
–
A gold record for
The Beatles '
Hey Jude
Gold record
–
Gold record presented to
Artie Schroeck for his arrangement on "
Can't Take My Eyes Off You ", 1967
Gold record
–
Boy band
Plus One displaying their gold records.
Gold record
–
Somali singer
Saado Ali Warsame receiving a gold record Lifetime Achievement Award.
32.
Diamond record
–
Music recording sales certification is a system of certifying that a music recording has shipped or sold a certain number of copies. The threshold quantity varies by type and by nation or territory, almost all countries follow variations of the RIAA certification categories, which are named after precious materials. The number of sales or shipments required for these awards depends upon the population of the territory in which the recording is released, typically, they are awarded only to international releases and are awarded individually for each country in which the album is sold. Different sales levels, some perhaps 10 times lower than others, the original gold record awards were presented to artists by their own record companies to publicize their sales achievements. The first of these was awarded by RCA Victor to Glenn Miller and His Orchestra in February 1942, another example of a company award is the gold record awarded to Elvis Presley in 1956 for one million units sold of his single Dont Be Cruel. The first gold record for an LP was awarded by RCA Victor to Harry Belafonte in 1957 for the album Calypso and these sales were restricted to U. S. -based record companies and did not include exports to other countries. For albums in 1968, this would mean shipping approximately 250,000 units, the platinum certification was introduced in 1976 for the sale of one million units, album or single, with the gold certification redefined to mean sales of 500,000 units, album or single. No album was certified platinum prior to this year, for instance, the recording by Van Cliburn of the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto from 1958 would eventually be awarded a platinum citation, but this would not happen until two decades after its release. In 1999, the certification was introduced for sales of ten million units. On 14 March 1958, the RIAA certified its first gold record, soundtrack was certified as the first gold album four months later. In 1976, RIAA introduced the platinum certification, first awarded to Johnnie Taylors single, Disco Lady, as music sales increased with the introduction of compact discs, the RIAA created the Multi-Platinum award in 1984. Diamond awards, honoring those artists whose sales of singles or albums reached 10,000,000 copies, were introduced in 1999 and this became much less common once the majority of retail sales became paid digital downloads and digital streaming. In most countries certifications no longer apply solely to physical media, in June 2006, the RIAA also certified the ringtone downloads of songs. Streaming from on-demand services such as Rhapsody and Spotify has been included into existing digital certification in the U. S since 2013, in the U. S. and Germany video streaming services like YouTube, VEVO, and Yahoo. Music also began to be counted towards the certification, in both cases using the formula of 100 streams being equivalent to one download, other countries, such as Denmark and Spain, maintain separate awards for digital download singles and streaming. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry was founded in 1996, and grants the IFPI Platinum Europe Award for album sales over one million within Europe, multi-platinum Europe Awards are presented for sales in subsequent multiples of one million. Eligibility is unaffected by time, and is not restricted to European-based artists, IMPALA sales awards were launched in 2005 as the first sales awards recognising that success on a pan-European basis begins well before sales reach one million. The award levels are Silver, Double Silver, Gold, Double Gold, Diamond, Platinum, below are certification thresholds for the United States and United Kingdom
Diamond record
–
A gold record for
The Beatles '
Hey Jude
Diamond record
–
Gold record presented to
Artie Schroeck for his arrangement on "
Can't Take My Eyes Off You ", 1967
Diamond record
–
Boy band
Plus One displaying their gold records.
Diamond record
–
Somali singer
Saado Ali Warsame receiving a gold record Lifetime Achievement Award.
33.
Single (music)
–
In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
Single (music)
–
45
rpm single record
34.
Billboard Hot 100
–
The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales, radio play and online streaming, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday, when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming data, is available on a real-time basis. A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays, as of the issue for the week ending on April 15,2017, the Hot 100 has had 1,061 different number one hits. The current number one song is Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, prior to 1955, Billboard did not have a unified, all-encompassing popularity chart, instead measuring songs by individual metrics. At the start of the era in 1955, three such charts existed, Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1936. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country, Most Played by Jockeys was Billboards original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys, Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States. On the week ending November 12,1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time, the Top 100 combined all aspects of a singles performance, based on a point system that typically gave sales more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers In Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart. The week ending July 28,1958 was the publication of the Most Played By Jockeys and Top 100 charts. On August 4,1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart, the Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13,1958. The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a songs popularity is measured in the United States, the Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and streaming activity provided by online music sources. There are several component charts that contribute to the calculation of the Hot 100. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data. Hot Singles Sales, the top selling singles compiled from a sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled. The chart is released weekly and measures sales of commercial singles. With the decline in sales of singles in the US
Billboard Hot 100
–
The Billboard logo
35.
Electric Light Orchestra
–
The Electric Light Orchestra are an English rock band formed in Birmingham in 1970, by songwriters/multi-instrumentalists Jeff Lynne and Roy Wood with drummer Bev Bevan. Their music is characterised by a fusion of Beatlesque pop, classical arrangements, after Woods departure in 1972, Lynne became the bands leader, arranging and producing every album while writing virtually all of their original material. ELO were most active during the 1970s and 1980s, recording a string of albums that include the conceptual works Eldorado. For their initial tenure, Lynne, Bevan, and keyboard player Richard Tandy were the only consistent members. In 1986, Lynne lost interest in the band and ceased its operation, Bevan responded by forming his own band, ELO Part II, which later became The Orchestra. With the exception of a reformation in 2000–01, ELO remained largely inactive for the next three decades. In 2014, Lynne reformed the band again with Tandy as Jeff Lynnes ELO. From 1972 to 1986, ELO accumulated twenty Top 20 songs on the UK Singles Chart, the band also holds the record for having the most Billboard Hot 100 Top 40 hits,20, of any band in the US chart history without having a number one single. On April 7,2017, ELO will be inducted into the Rock, the bands name is an intended pun based not only on electric light but also using electric rock instruments combined with a light orchestra. Jeff Lynne, frontman of fellow Birmingham group the Idle Race, was excited by the concept, in January 1970, when Carl Wayne left the Move, Lynne accepted Woods second invitation to join the band on the condition that they focus their energy on the new project. To help finance the band, one further Move album Message from the Country was also recorded during the lengthy ELO recordings. The resulting debut album The Electric Light Orchestra was released in 1971,10538 Overture became a UK top-ten hit. Lynne, Wood and Bev Bevan were the members of Electric Light Orchestra. However, this line-up did not last for long, first Craig departed, and then Wood, during the recordings for the bands second LP and taking Hunt and McDowell with him, left the band to form Wizzard. Both cited problems with their manager, Don Arden, and a tour of Italy. The new line-up performed at the 1972 Reading Festival, the band released their second album, ELO2 in 1973, which produced their second UK top 10 and their first US chart single, an elaborate version of the Chuck Berry classic Roll Over Beethoven. ELO also made their first appearance on American Bandstand show, the resulting album, On the Third Day, was released in late 1973, with the American version featuring the popular single Showdown. For the bands album, Eldorado, A Symphony, a concept album about a daydreamer, Lynne stopped overdubbing strings and hired an orchestra
Electric Light Orchestra
–
ELO performing live during their
Time Tour in 1981.
Electric Light Orchestra
–
ELO performing live in
Oslo, Norway in 1978.
Electric Light Orchestra
–
ELO Part II in concert
Electric Light Orchestra
–
Earlier logo
36.
AllMusic
–
AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
AllMusic
–
AllMusic's
logotype and logo (since July 2013)
37.
Infinity (Journey album)
–
Infinity is Journeys fourth album, released in January 1978 on Columbia Records. It was the bands first album with vocalist Steve Perry and the last to feature drummer Aynsley Dunbar, Fleischman was soon replaced by Steve Perry, due to musical and management differences. Fleischman would later resurface as the first singer of the metal band Vinnie Vincent Invasion. In Feeling That Way, Perry dueted with keyboardist Gregg Rolie, patiently was the first song Perry and Neal Schon wrote together. Perry wrote the lyrics, in which he expresses the sadness of being on the road and away from home, while expressing admiration for the bands fans. Other popular singles included Lights and Wheel in the Sky, the latter was co-written with temporary frontman Fleischman. Journeys manager, Herbie Herbert, enlisted English producer Roy Thomas Baker to engineer Infinity, Baker produced a layered sound approach, similar to his work with Queen, as demonstrated on tracks such as Winds of March. In addition, Bakers method of stacked harmonies, notable on several other albums he produced and he achieved this by having each vocalist sing each harmony part in unison. The addition of Perry gave the band a mainstream sound
Infinity (Journey album)
–
Cover art by
Alton Kelley and
Stanley Mouse
38.
Recording Industry Association of America
–
The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
Recording Industry Association of America
–
Recording Industry Association of America
39.
List of best-selling music artists
–
This list includes music artists with claims of 75 million or more record sales. If two or more artists have the same claimed sales, they are ranked by certified units. Sales figures, such as those from Soundscan, which are published by Billboard magazine, have not been included in the certified units column. As of 2017, based on sales claims and certified units, The Beatles are considered the highest-selling band. Elvis Presley is considered the individual artist based on sales claims. All artists included on this list, which have begun charting on official albums or singles charts have their available claimed figures supported by at least 20% in certified units, the certified units are sourced from available online databases of local music industry associations. All certified units are converted from Gold/Platinum/Diamond certification awards based on criteria provided by certifying bodies, the certified sales percentage varies according to the first year that an artist appeared in the charts. The requirements of certified sales are designed to avoid inflated sales figures, the claimed figures are referenced from online articles created by highly reliable sources. For clarity, the used, say the term records. However, if all sources for an artist or band say albums. The claimed figures are upgraded only when there is a significant progress in artists certified sales, in other words, the available certified sales for each artist should get relatively closer to already listed claimed figure in order for higher figures to replace the listed ones. The certified sales of the artists may sometimes be higher than their listed claimed figures. This is because Recording Industry Association of America and almost all other certifying bodies count streaming towards Gold, for this reason, some singles and even albums get over certified by hundreds of thousands of units.4 million downloads. The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles, markets order within the table is based on Retail Value, each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and smallest at the bottom. The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000, the figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles and videos. Markets order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top, the column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more. The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles, markets order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom. The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000, the figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles and videos
List of best-selling music artists
–
The Beatles
List of best-selling music artists
–
Elvis Presley
List of best-selling music artists
–
Michael Jackson
List of best-selling music artists
–
Madonna
40.
USA Today
–
USA Today is an internationally distributed American daily middle-market newspaper that serves as the flagship publication of its owner, the Gannett Company. Founded by Al Neuharth on September 15,1982, it operates from Gannetts corporate headquarters on Jones Branch Drive in McLean, Virginia and it is printed at 37 sites across the United States and at five additional sites internationally. USA Today is distributed in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, with an international edition distributed in Canada, Asia and the Pacific Islands, Gannett formally announced the launch of the paper on April 20,1982. USA Today began publishing on September 15,1982, initially launching in the Baltimore and Washington, on July 2,1984, the newspaper switched from a largely black-and-white to a color publication, featuring full color photography and graphics in all four sections. On April 8,1985, the paper published its first special bonus section, a 12-page section called Baseball 85, on May 6,1986, USA Today began printing production of its international edition in Switzerland. On April 15, USA Today launched an international printing site. On August 28,1995, an international publishing site was launched in Frankfurt, Germany, to print. On October 4,1999, USA Today began running advertisements on its front page for the first time. The paper launched a sixth printing site for its international edition on May 15,2000, in Milan, Italy, followed on July 10 by the launch of a printing facility in Charleroi. That November, USA Today migrated its operations from Gannetts previous corporate headquarters in Arlington, in 2010, USA Today launched the USA Today API for sharing data with partners of all types. On August 27,2010, USA Today announced that it would undergo a reorganization of its newsroom and it also announced that the paper would shift its focus away from print and place more emphasis on its digital platforms and launch of a new publication called USA Today Sports. On September 14,2012, USA Today underwent the first major redesign in its history, to accomplish this goal, Gannett migrated its newspaper and television station websites to the Presto platform and the USA Today site design throughout 2013 and 2014. On January 4,2014, USA Today acquired the book and film review website, on September 3,2014, USA Today announced that it would lay off roughly 70 employees in a restructuring of its newsroom and business operations. In October 2014, USA Today and OpenWager Inc. entered into a partnership to release a Bingo app called USA TODAY Bingo Cruise, USA Today is known for synthesizing news down to easy-to-read-and-comprehend stories. In the main edition circulated in the United States and some Canadian cities, each consists of four sections, News, Money, Sports. The international edition of the paper features two sections, News and Money in one, with Sports and Life in the other, atypical of most daily newspapers, the paper does not print on Saturdays and Sundays, the Friday edition serves as the weekend edition. USA Today prints each complete story on the front page of the section with the exception of the cover story. The cover story is a story that requires a jump
USA Today
–
The April 14, 2015 front page of USA Today. The blue circle of the logo has been turned into a dotted ring with a hat being tossed into it to signify
Marco Rubio's announcement that he is running for
President of the United States.
USA Today
–
USA Today
USA Today
–
This February 5, 2009 issue of USA Today shows the old layout and logo of the paper prior to it being redesigned in 2012.
USA Today
–
USA Today is headquartered in
Tysons Corner, Virginia.
41.
VH1
–
VH1 is an American cable television network based in New York City that is owned by the Viacom Global Entertainment Group, a unit of Viacom Media Networks. The channel was first launched on January 1,1985 in the old space of Turner Broadcasting Systems short-lived Cable Music Channel and it was originally created by Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, at the time a division of Warner Communications and the original owner of MTV. As of February 2015, approximately 92.6 million US households receive VH1, also frequently featured in the networks early years were videos for Motown and other 60s oldies consisting of newsreel and concert footage. It was introduced on January 1,1985 with the performance of The Star-Spangled Banner by Marvin Gaye. From the start, Video Hits One was branded as a version of its sister/parent channel. It played more jazz and R&B artists than MTV and had a rotation of urban-contemporary performers. Its early on-camera personalities were New York radio veterans Don Imus, Frankie Crocker, Scott Shannon, Jon Bauman, Bobby Rivers, later VJs included Tim Byrd of WPIX-FM, a station whose eclectic ballad-and-R&B oriented format mirrored that of VH-1, and Alison Steele. Rosie ODonnell later joined the outlets veejay lineup, ODonnell would also host a comedy show featuring various comedians each episode. The format left room for occasional ad-libs by the VJ, a godsend for emcees such as Imus, in true Imus style, he used a 1985 segment of his VH-1 show to jokingly call smooth-jazz icon Sade Adu a grape for her oval-shaped head. At first many different musicians guest-hosted the program, but eventually musician/songwriter Ben Sidran became the permanent host, new-Age music videos continued to play on the channel into the 1990s. They would be seen on the Sunday morning 2-hour music video block titled Sunday Brunch, once VH1 established itself a few years later, they catered to Top 40, adult contemporary, classic rock, and 1980s mainstream pop. For a time, even music videos aired in a one-hour block during the afternoons. They started out using MTVs famous Kabel typeface font for their music video credit tags and it was later replaced in 1991 by a larger font, with the year the video was made added to the lower column that identified the label on which the album was released. In 1993, the name of the director was included at the bottom of the credits. Every week, the Top 21 Video Countdown usually had a different guest host, occasionally, they had themed countdowns as well, such as Elvira hosting scary videos for Halloween in 1991. Long blocks of videos by a particular artist or band, theme. One popular weekend program was called Video Rewind, in blocks of 1980s videos from one particular year would play for an hour. There was also a short-lived hour-long program called By Request in which viewers could call a 1–900 hotline number to request their videos, also in 1991, a popular morning program was introduced called Hits News & Weather that ran from 7 AM to 9 AM ET
VH1
42.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is a hall of fame and museum located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States. In 1986, Cleveland was chosen as the hall of fames permanent home.8 billion, the Foundation began inducting artists in 1986, but the Hall of Fame still had no home. The search committee considered several cities, including Philadelphia, Memphis, Detroit, Cincinnati, New York City, Cleveland was also one of the premier tour stops for most rock bands. Civic leaders in Cleveland pledged $65 million in money to fund the construction. A petition drive was signed by 600,000 fans favoring Cleveland over Memphis, on May 5,1986, the Hall of Fame Foundation chose Cleveland as the permanent home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. Sam Phillips of Sun Studios fame and many others were stunned and disappointed that it ended up in Cleveland, the hall of fame shouldve been in Memphis, certainly, wrote Peter Guralnick, author of an acclaimed two-volume Elvis Presley biography. Cleveland may also have chosen as the organizations site because the city offered the best financial package. As The Plain Dealer music critic Michael Norman noted, It was $65 million, Cleveland wanted it here and put up the money. During early discussions on where to build the Hall of Fame and Museum, ultimately, the chosen location was along East Ninth Street in downtown Cleveland by Lake Erie, east of Cleveland Stadium. Initial CEO Dr. Larry R. Thompson facilitated I. M. Pei in designs for the site, Pei came up with the idea of a tower with a glass pyramid protruding from it. The museum tower was planned to stand 200 ft high. The buildings base is approximately 150,000 square feet, the groundbreaking ceremony took place on June 7,1993. Pete Townshend, Chuck Berry, Billy Joel, Sam Phillips, Ruth Brown, Sam Moore of Sam and Dave, Carl Gardner of the Coasters and Dave Pirner of Soul Asylum all appeared at the groundbreaking. The museum was dedicated on September 1,1995, with the ribbon being cut by an ensemble that included Yoko Ono and Little Richard, among others, the following night an all-star concert was held at the stadium. It featured Chuck Berry, Bob Dylan, Al Green, Jerry Lee Lewis, Aretha Franklin, Bruce Springsteen, Iggy Pop, John Fogerty, John Mellencamp, and many others. In addition to the Hall of Fame inductees, the documents the entire history of rock and roll. Hall of Fame inductees are honored in an exhibit located in a wing that juts out over Lake Erie. Since 1986, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has selected new inductees, the formal induction ceremony has been held in New York City 25 times, twice in Los Angeles, and four times in the Hall of Fames home in Cleveland
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The former Annex in Soho in New York City (now closed)
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (left) sits on the
Lake Erie shore next to the
Great Lakes Science Center (right) in Cleveland's
North Coast Harbor.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
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The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, showing
Lake Erie in the foreground
43.
List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
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Originally, there were four categories of induction, performers, non-performers, early influences, and lifetime achievement. In 2000, sidemen was introduced as a category, the only category that has seen new inductees every single year is the performers category. Artists become eligible for induction in that category 25 years after the release of their first record, in order to be inducted, an artist must be nominated by a committee that selects anywhere from nine to a dozen candidates. Ballots are then sent to 600 rock experts who evaluate the candidates, the performers that receive the highest number of votes and more than 50 percent of the vote are inducted. In 2010, the number inducted was five, the rest of the categories are voted on by special committees. The surviving members of the Sex Pistols, who were inducted in 2006, refused to attend the ceremony, the performers category is meant for recording artists and bands that have influence and significance to the development and perpetuation of rock and roll. Artists become eligible for induction in that category 25 years after the release of their first record, in order to be inducted, an artist must be nominated by a committee that selects anywhere from nine to a dozen candidates. Ballots are sent to 600 rock experts who evaluate the candidates. The performers who receive the highest number of votes and more than 50 percent of the vote are inducted, in 2011, the number inducted was five. The rest of the categories are voted on by special committees, in 2012, six additional bands and groups were inducted as performers by a special committee, due to the controversial nature of their band being excluded when their lead singer was inducted. There was a lot of discussion about this, said Terry Stewart, there had always been conversations about why the groups werent included when the lead singers were inducted. Very honestly, nobody could really answer that question – it was so long ago and we decided wed sit down as an organization and look at that. These backing bands were inducted by a committee, and not by the ballot voting used for all other performer inductees. Artists inducted into the early influences category are those whose music predated rock and roll but had an impact on the evolution of rock and roll, unlike the performers category, these inductees are selected by a committee. The full process is not transparent and it is unclear who comprises this selection committee, Inducted members, Bill Kenny, Charlie Fuqua, Deek Watson, and Orville Hoppy Jones. ^ B. Inducted members, Roy Crain Sr. R. H. Harris, Jesse Farley, Inducted members, Sonny Til, Tommy Gaither, George Nelson, Johnny Reed, and Alexander Sharp. ^ D. Inducted members, Bob Wills, Tommy Duncan, Leon McAuliffe, Johnny Gimble, Joe Jody Holley, Tiny Moore, Herb Remington, Eldon Shamblin, Inducted members, John L. Tanner, Eugene Tanner, James E. Moore, Obadiah H. Several of the inductees in this category were in fact prominent performers as well, the inductees in this category are selected by the same committee that chooses the early influences
List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
–
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
44.
Bay Area
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The San Francisco Bay Area is a populous region surrounding the San Francisco and San Pablo estuaries in Northern California. The region encompasses the cities and metropolitan areas of San Jose, San Francisco. The Bay Areas nine counties are Alameda, Contra Costa, Marin, Napa, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Solano, and Sonoma. The combined statistical area of the region is the second-largest in California, the fifth-largest in the United States, the Bay Area has the second-most Fortune 500 Companies in the United States, and is known for its natural beauty, liberal politics, entrepreneurship, and diversity. The eastern side of the bay, consisting of Alameda and Contra Costa counties, is known locally as the East Bay, the inner East Bay is more densely populated, with generally older buildings, and a more ethnically diverse population. The word Lamorinda was coined by combining the names of the cities it includes, Lafayette, Moraga, walnut Creek is situated east of Lamorinda and north of the San Ramon Valley and, together with Concord, Martinez, and Pleasant Hill comprises Central Contra Costa County. The cities of Antioch, Pittsburg, Brentwood, Oakley and the areas surrounding them comprise East Contra Costa County. The Tri-Valley consists of the Amador, the Livermore, and the San Ramon Valleys, dublin and Pleasanton comprise the Amador Valley, Livermore lies in the Livermore Valley, and the San Ramon Valley consists of Alamo, Danville, Diablo and its namesake, San Ramon. The outer East Bay is connected to the inner East Bay by BART, Interstate 580 to the south, and State Routes State Route 4 to the north, the outer East Bays infrastructure was mostly built up after World War II. This area remains largely white demographically, although the Hispanic and Filipino populations have grown significantly over the past 2–3 decades, the region north of the Golden Gate Bridge is known locally as the North Bay. This area encompasses Marin County, Sonoma County, Napa County, the city of Fairfield, being part of Solano County, is often considered the easternmost city of the North Bay. With few exceptions, this region is affluent, Marin County is ranked as the wealthiest in the state. The North Bay is relatively rural compared to the remainder of the Bay Area, with areas of undeveloped open space, farmland. Santa Rosa in Sonoma County is the North Bays largest city, with a population of 167,815 and a Metropolitan Statistical Area population of 466,891, making it the fifth-largest city in the Bay Area. The North Bay is the section of the Bay Area that is not currently served by a commuter rail service. The area from San Francisco to the Silicon Valley, geographically part of the San Francisco Peninsula, is known locally as The Peninsula, many of these families are of foreign background and have significantly contributed to the diversity of the area. Whereas the term peninsula technically refers to the entire geographical San Franciscan Peninsula, in local terms, San Francisco is surrounded by water on three sides, the north, east, and west. The city squeezes roughly 870,000 people in under 47 square miles, on any given day, there can be as many as 1 million people in the city because of the commuting population and tourism
Bay Area
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San Francisco
Bay Area
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San Jose
Bay Area
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Oakland
Bay Area
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A view of the
San Francisco skyline from the bay.
45.
Prairie Prince
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Charles Lempriere Prairie Prince is an American rock drummer and an accomplished painter, muralist and a graphic artist. He is a member of The Tubes and a member of Journey. Blair, and former Tubes and Grateful Dead keyboardist Vince Welnick, as an artist he designed the album cover artwork for many artists including The Tubes, Todd Rundgren, Journey, Lyle Workman and Vince Welnicks 1998 album Missing Man Formation, among many others. He also continues to play with The Tubes and Todd Rundgren and he was a founding member of Jefferson Starship – The Next Generation in 1992 and appears on both their studio albums, plus numerous live albums. Due to Princes commitments with The Tubes and Todd Rundgren, he was replaced by other drummers during Jefferson Starships tours. Most notable replacements included Trey Sabatelli, former Jefferson Starship drummer Donny Baldwin, Prince announced in early 2008 that he was leaving the band on amicable terms and remains available for international performances. He is a sought after session artist and recently played drums, official website Prairie Prince on Facebook The Tubes official website Prairie Prince audio interview on RundgrenRadio. com 2007 Prairie Prince audio interview on RundgrenRadio. com 2009
Prairie Prince
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Prairie Prince performing with the New Cars in 2006
46.
The Tubes
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The Tubes are a San Francisco-based rock band whose 1975 debut album included the hit single White Punks on Dope. During its first fifteen years or so, the live performances combined quasi-pornography with wild satires of media, consumerism. The Tubes formed in 1972 in San Francisco from two Phoenix bands after both relocated to San Francisco in 1969. The Beans featured Bill Spooner, Rick Anderson, Vince Welnick and Bob Macintosh, while The Red White and Blues Band featured Prairie Prince, Roger Steen and David Killingsworth. After playing Expo 70 in Japan, Killingsworth left the Red, White and Blues Band leaving Steen and Prince to audition bass players unsuccessfully. The Beans had been a favorite in Phoenix selling out shows with a tongue in cheek concept rock show called The Mother of Ascension featuring costumes. After moving, Bill Spooner worked at the Fillmore West sweeping floors in between Beans gigs at the Longshoremans Halls and other depressing venues, the bands loud, heavy jamming style didnt attract attention and the band would go back to Phoenix and sell out shows to make rent. Beans manager and former Alice Cooper Group drummer John Speer suggested they add Prince, waybills nickname among the band was Fee short for Fiji thanks to his insane head of hippie hair. The group would stick together and play shows at biker bars such as The Inn of The Beginning, the vocals at this time were shared by Spooner, Steen and Waybill as different characters. Cotten was asked by Spooner to buy an ARP synthesizer instead of a camera and began to perform with the band as well as create props. One of the first Tubes shows was at the Art Institute cafeteria as part of an art show for classmate, while experimenting with their stage show and art, Prince and Michael met model Re Styles while painting the Cliff House Mural. Styles has appeared in both Alejandro Jodorowskys The Holy Mountain and Sun Ras Space Is the Place and posed for Playboy, Prince and Styles began dating and she started performing with the band playing Patty Hearst and dressing in wild leather outfits during the Mondo Bondage dance with Waybill. After several years of playing biker bars the band needed help, the band had a temporary agreement with producer David Rubinson and played on bills with The Pointer Sisters and Sylvester but were still trying to find an audience. Prince had been hired by newly formed rock band Journey to record demos and approached their manager Herbie Herbert. Herbert made a deal with Graham that if the Tubes could sell out three local shows, Graham would give him a slot on the show of his choice. Herbert booked shows at a club called the Village which sold out thanks to themes inspired by the San Francisco post-hippie underground culture such as The Streakers Ball. Much to Grahams dismay Herbert chose an opening slot for the upcoming Led Zeppelin show at Kezar Stadium, the band pulled out the stops including Waybill dressed as an early version of Quay Lewd throwing Cocaine and Pills at the crowd who threw it back. After the 1973 Led Zeppelin show, Herbert wanted to manage the band but Spooner, Moriarty was interested in the use of video in rock music and saw the Tubes stage show as the future of music video
The Tubes
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The Tubes in
Oslo,
Norway, in 1977
47.
Jazz fusion
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Jazz fusion is a musical genre that developed in the late 1960s when musicians combined aspects of jazz harmony and improvisation with styles such as funk, rock, rhythm and blues, and Latin jazz. During this time many jazz musicians began experimenting with electric instruments and amplified sound for the first time, as well as electronic effects, many of the developments during the late 1960s and early 1970s have since become established elements of jazz fusion musical practice. Fusion arrangements vary in complexity—some employ groove-based vamps fixed to a key, or even a single chord. Others can feature odd or shifting time signatures with elaborate chord progressions, melodies, typically, these arrangements, whether simple or complex, will feature extended improvised sections that can vary in length. As with jazz, fusion often employs brass and woodwind instruments such as trumpet and saxophone as melody and soloing instruments, the rhythm section typically consists of electric bass, electric guitar, electric piano/synthesizer and drums. As with traditional jazz improvisation, fusion instrumentalists generally require a level of technical proficiency. The term jazz-rock is often used as a synonym for jazz fusion as well as for music performed by late 1960s, experimentation continued in the 1990s and 2000s. Fusion albums, even those that are made by the group or artist. Rather than being a musical style, fusion can be viewed as a musical tradition or approach. Afro-Cuban jazz, one the earliest form of Latin jazz, is a fusion of Afro-Cuban clave-based rhythms with jazz harmonies and techniques of improvisation. Afro-Cuban jazz first emerged in the early 1940s with the Cuban musicians Mario Bauza and Frank Grillo Machito in the band Machito and his Afro-Cubans, based in New York City. Early combinations of jazz with Cuban music, such as Dizzys and Pozos Manteca and Charlie Parkers and Machitos Mangó Mangüé, were referred to as Cubop. During its first decades, the Afro-Cuban jazz movement was stronger in the United States than in Cuba itself, allmusic Guide states that until around 1967, the worlds of jazz and rock were nearly completely separate. One of the earliest releases from Pink Floyd, London 66–67 incorporated jazz-influenced improvisation to their psychedelic compositions, nevertheless, these developments made little impact in the United States. Jazz vibraphonist Gary Burton was an innovator in the 1960s, in 1967, Burton worked with electric guitarist Larry Coryell and recorded Duster, which is considered one of the first fusion records. Texas-born guitarist Coryell was also a pioneer of jazz in the same era. Trumpeter and composer Miles Davis had a influence on the development of jazz fusion with his 1968 album Miles in the Sky. It is the first of Davis albums to incorporate electric instruments, with Herbie Hancock and Ron Carter playing electric piano and bass guitar, respectively
Jazz fusion
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Trumpeter
Miles Davis in 1989: One of the first innovators of jazz fusion
Jazz fusion
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Weather Report began as an experimental group, but eventually garnered a huge following.
Jazz fusion
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Fusion band
Return to Forever in 1976
Jazz fusion
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French jazz violinist
Jean-Luc Ponty performed on acoustic violin and on amplified, electronic effect-modified electric violins.
48.
Winterland Ballroom
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Winterland Ballroom was an ice skating rink and music venue in San Francisco, California. Graham later formed a company called Winterland which sold concert shirts, memorabilia. Winterland was built in 1928 for the astronomical cost of $1 million. Opened on June 29,1928, it was known as the New Dreamland Auditorium. Sometime in the late 1930s, the name was changed to Winterland and it served as an ice skating rink which was convertible into a seated entertainment venue. Early acts/shows at Winterland included Shipstads and Johnson Ice Follies, in November 1944 it played host to an authorized production of the Folies Bergère. It also was host to opera, and boxing and tennis matches, after closing the Fillmore West in 1971, he began to hold regular weekend shows at Winterland. Various popular rock acts played there, including bands and musicians as Bruce Springsteen, The Rolling Stones. Cale, Spirit, Chambers Brothers, Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention, Foghat, Mountain, B. B. King, led Zeppelin first performed their song Whole Lotta Love there. Many of the rock acts from the 1960s and 1970s played at Winterland or played two blocks away across Geary Boulevard at the original Fillmore Auditorium. Peter Frampton recorded parts of the fourth best-selling live album ever, the Grateful Dead made Winterland their home base and The Band played their famous last show there on Thanksgiving Day 1976. Winterland was also host to the Sex Pistols final show on January 14,1978, a concert at the music venue in 1973 hosted by the Grateful Dead was mentioned in the film The Presidio by Jay Austin as being his first show and being a Deadhead since. During Winterlands final month of existence, shows were booked nearly every night, acts included The Tubes, Ramones, Smokey Robinson, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, and on December 15–16,1978, Bruce Springsteen & the E Street Band. Springsteens December 15 show was simulcast on radio station KSAN-FM. Winterland closed on New Years 1978/1979 with a concert by the Grateful Dead, New Riders of the Purple Sage, the show lasted for over eight hours, with the Grateful Deads performance — documented on DVD and CD as The Closing of Winterland — lasting nearly six hours itself. The final show was simulcast on radio station KSAN-FM and also broadcast live on the local PBS TV station KQED
Winterland Ballroom
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The Band playing at Winterland Ballroom on 25 November 1976
49.
John Lennon
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John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE was an English singer and songwriter who co-founded the Beatles, the most commercially successful and musically influential band in the history of popular music. He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a songwriting partnership. Born and raised in Liverpool, Lennon became involved in the craze as a teenager, his first band, the Quarrymen, first became the Silver Beatles. After his marriage to Yoko Ono in 1969, he added Ono as one of his middle names, Lennon disengaged himself from the music business in 1975 to raise his infant son Sean, but re-emerged with Ono in 1980 with the new album Double Fantasy. He was murdered three weeks after its release, Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music, writing, drawings, on film and in interviews. By 2012, Lennons solo album sales in the United States exceeded 14 million and, as writer, co-writer, or performer, he is responsible for 25 number-one singles on the US Hot 100 chart. In 2002, a BBC poll on the 100 Greatest Britons voted him eighth and, in 2008, Rolling Stone ranked him the fifth-greatest singer of all time. He was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1987, and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame twice, in 1988 as a member of the Beatles and in 1994 as a solo artist. Lennon was born in war-time England, on 9 October 1940 at Liverpool Maternity Hospital, to Julia and Alfred Lennon, a merchant seaman of Irish descent and his parents named him John Winston Lennon after his paternal grandfather, John Jack Lennon, and then-Prime Minister Winston Churchill. When he eventually came home six months later, he offered to look after the family, after her sister, Mimi Smith, twice complained to Liverpools Social Services, Julia handed the care of Lennon over to her. In July 1946 Lennons father visited Smith and took his son to Blackpool, Julia followed them—with her partner at the time, Bobby Dykins—and after a heated argument his father forced the five-year-old to choose between them. Lennon twice chose his father, but as his mother walked away, he began to cry and followed her, according to author Mark Lewisohn, Lennons parents agreed that Julia should take him and give him a home as Alf left again. A witness who was there that day, Billy Hall, has said the scene often portrayed with a young John Lennon having to make a decision between his parents never happened. It would be 20 years before he had contact with his father again, Throughout the rest of his childhood and adolescence he lived at Mendips,251 Menlove Avenue, Woolton with his aunt and uncle, Mimi and George Smith, who had no children of their own. His aunt purchased volumes of stories for him, and his uncle. In September 1980, Lennon commented about his family and his rebellious nature, Part of me would like to be accepted by all facets of society, but I cannot be what I am not. I was the one who all the other boys parents—including Pauls father—would say, the parents instinctively recognised I was a troublemaker, meaning I did not conform and I would influence their children, which I did. I did my best to disrupt every friends home, partly out of envy that I didnt have this so-called home
John Lennon
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John Lennon, 1969
John Lennon
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251 Menlove Avenue, where Lennon lived for most of his childhood
John Lennon
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Lennon (right) performing with
the Beatles in 1964 at the height of
Beatlemania
John Lennon
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Lennon (right) performing "
All You Need Is Love " with
The Beatles in 1967 to 400 million viewers of
Our World.
