Kabayan, Benguet

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Kabayan
Municipality
Municipality of Kabayan
Official seal of Kabayan
Seal
Map of Benguet with Kabayan highlighted
Map of Benguet with Kabayan highlighted
Kabayan is located in Philippines
Kabayan
Kabayan
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 16°37′N 120°50′E / 16.62°N 120.83°E / 16.62; 120.83Coordinates: 16°37′N 120°50′E / 16.62°N 120.83°E / 16.62; 120.83
Country Philippines
RegionCordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
ProvinceBenguet
DistrictLone District
Barangays13 (see Barangays)
Government [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorGideon Todiano
 • Electorate8,547 voters (2016)
Area [2]
 • Total242.69 km2 (93.70 sq mi)
Population (2015 census)[3]
 • Total15,260
 • Density63/km2 (160/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code2606
PSGC141107000
IDD : area code +63 (0)74
ClimateCwb
Income class4th municipal income class
Revenue (₱)75,898,617.56 (2016)
Native languagesKankanaey language
Ibaloi
Tagalog

Kabayan, officially the Municipality of Kabayan, (Ilokano: Ili ti Kabayan; Filipino: Bayan ng Kabayan), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 15,260 people.[3]

Kabayan is the site of centuries-old Ibaloi mummies buried inside caves scattered around its villages.[4]

The third highest mountain in the Philippines, Mount Pulag, is located in the territorial boundary of the vegetable farming town.

Etymology[edit]

The name Kabayan was derived from the term Kaba-ayan, from the Ibaloi word ba-ay, a root crop vine thriving in the place. Most of the early Ibaloi settlements, in the area, which include Eddet and Duacan, were named after grasses in the heavily-forested area.[5]

History[edit]

Pre-colonial period[edit]

The first Ibaloi settlers in Benguet arrived at Imbose (or Embosi), located in present-day Kabayan.[5][6]

Mummification of the dead was practiced long before Spanish colonizers reached the place.[5][7]

Spanish period[edit]

In the late 1800s, Spanish colonizers reached Kabayan via trails constructed throughout the mountain region. Organized into three rancherias, namely Adaoay, Kabayan, and Lutab (or Dutab), Kabayan was registered under the comandancia politico-militar of Benguet in 1846.[5][6] Lutab (currently barangay Poblacion or Kabayan Central[8]) was later integrated into the Kabayan rancheria.[6]

The practice of mummification of the dead would be discouraged by the Spaniards, until it would die out.[7][9]

American period[edit]

During the American rule, Kabayan and Adaoay were established as two of the 19 townships of the province of Benguet, upon the issuance of Act No. 48 by the Philippine Commission on November 22, 1900.[6][10][11]

On August 13, 1908, Benguet would be established with the enactment of Act No. 1876 as a sub-province of the newly created Mountain Province. Six townships of Benguet were later abolished, including Adaoay, which was integrated into the township of Kabayan.[6][11]

Post-war Era[edit]

On June 25, 1963, then-President Diosdado Macapagal issued Executive Order No. 42 converting eight (8) of the thirteen (13) towns (designated as municipal districts) of Benguet sub-province into regular municipalities. Kabayan was among them.[12]

On June 18, 1966, the sub-province of Benguet was separated from the old Mountain Province and would be converted into a regular province. Kabayan remained to be a component municipality of the newly established province.[11][13]

Geography[edit]

Kabayan is located at 16°37′N 120°50′E / 16.62°N 120.83°E / 16.62; 120.83, at the central-eastern section of Benguet. It is bounded by Buguias on the north, Kibungan on the north-west, Atok on the south-west, Bokod on the south, Kayapa on the southeast, and Tinoc on the north-east.

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of 242.69 square kilometres (93.70 sq mi) [2] constituting 8.76% of the 2,769.08-square-kilometre- (1,069.15 sq mi) total area of Benguet.

Barangays[edit]

Kabayan is politically subdivided into 13 barangays.[14]


PSGC Barangay Population ±% p.a.
2015[3] 2010[15]
141107001 Adaoay 4.1% 621 670 ▾ −1.44%
141107002 Anchukey 1.8% 270 296 ▾ −1.74%
141107003 Ballay 19.0% 2,904 2,623 ▴ 1.96%
141107004 Bashoy 14.5% 2,207 1,597 ▴ 6.35%
141107005 Batan 7.3% 1,110 944 ▴ 3.13%
141107009 Duacan 4.5% 684 709 ▾ −0.68%
141107010 Eddet 5.8% 883 740 ▴ 3.42%
141107012 Gusaran 9.4% 1,429 1,330 ▴ 1.38%
141107013 Kabayan Barrio 2.2% 343 337 ▴ 0.34%
141107014 Lusod 5.6% 861 794 ▴ 1.55%
141107016 Pacso 8.2% 1,254 1,247 ▴ 0.11%
141107017 Poblacion (Central) 11.9% 1,816 1,567 ▴ 2.85%
141107018 Tawangan 5.8% 878 734 ▴ 3.47%
Total 15,260 13,588 ▴ 2.23%

In the 2010 Census of Population and Housing, Barangay Anchukey would be the least populated barangay in the province of Benguet.[15]

Demographics[edit]

Population census of Kabayan
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 22—    
1918 2,841+38.27%
1939 4,190+1.87%
1948 3,805−1.07%
1960 5,869+3.68%
1970 7,116+1.94%
1975 8,363+3.29%
1980 9,072+1.64%
1990 10,306+1.28%
1995 10,510+0.37%
2000 12,344+3.51%
2007 12,657+0.35%
2010 13,588+2.62%
2015 15,260+2.23%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[3][15][16][17]

In the 2015 census, Kabayan had a population of 15,260.[3] The population density was 63 inhabitants per square kilometre (160/sq mi).


Tourism[edit]

Main article: Kabayan Mummies

Kabayan is best known for the antiquated centuries-old mummies and Mount Pulag, the third highest mountain in the Philippines. The Kabayan mummy burial caves are officially proclaimed Philippine National Cultural Treasures pursuant to Presidential Decree No. 374, and is under consideration as a World Heritage Site.[18] The mummified body of Apo Annu, a tribal leader, was stolen but recovered by an antique collector and was returned to the town. Archaeologists from various countries have visited the town to promote preservation of the mummies due to deterioration of the cadavers. The caves containing the cadavers of these mummies have been declared by Monument Watch as one of the "100 Most Endangered Sites" in the world.[19]

Mount Pulag is a destination for mountaineers, hikers, including picnickers. At its summit, the climbers can see the surroundings of the whole north Luzon.

Education[edit]

Public schools[edit]

As of 2014, Kabayan has 22 public elementary schools and 3 public secondary schools.[20][21][22]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Municipality". Quezon City, Philippines: Department of the Interior and Local Government. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  2. ^ a b "Province: Benguet". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  3. ^ a b c d e Census of Population (2015). "Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  4. ^ "Kabayan Mummies". Mummy Tombs. Archived from the original on 28 October 2000. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d "Municipality of Kabayan: History of Kabayan". Province of Benguet (official website). Archived from the original on 3 December 2014. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Municipality of Kabayan, Benguet". Department of Interior and Local Government - Cordillera Administrative Region. Archived from the original on 22 January 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  7. ^ a b Deem, James M. "Kabayan Mummies". Mummy Tombs. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  8. ^ Baucas, Biano L. (1998). A Brief History of Kabayan, Benguet. Benguet, Philippines: Hamada Publishing. p. 43. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  9. ^ "Kabayan Mummy Caves". World Monuments Fund. Archived from the original on 26 May 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  10. ^ "Facts & Figures: Benguet Province". Philippine Statistics Authority - National Statistical Coordination Board - Cordillera Administrative Region. Archived from the original on 26 February 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
  11. ^ a b c "History: Benguet Province". Province of Benguet (official website). Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 9 October 2014.
  12. ^ "Executive Order No. 42, s. 1963: Declaring Certain Municipal Districts in the Philippines as Municipalities". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  13. ^ "Republic Act No. 4695: An Act Creating the Provinces of Benguet, Mountain Province, Ifugao and Kalinga-Apayao". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. 18 June 1966. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  14. ^ "Municipal: Kabayan, Benguet". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  15. ^ a b c Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  16. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. NSO.
  17. ^ "Province of Benguet". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  18. ^ "Kabayan Mummy Burial Caves". Tentative Lists. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on 25 May 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
  19. ^ "The Kabayan Branch". National Museum of the Philippines. Archived from the original on 30 March 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
  20. ^ "Masterlist of Public Elementary Schools for the School year 2012- 2013" (XLSX). Department of Education (Philippines), July 15, 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  21. ^ a b "Masterlist of Secondary Schools (School Year 2013- 2014)". Department of Education (Philippines), 4 July 2013. Archived from the original (XLSX) on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  22. ^ a b "Masterlist of Public Schools SY 2013-2014" (XLSX). Department of Education (Philippines), 22 October 2014. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
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