Kibler is a city in Crawford County, United States. It is part of Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area; as of the 2010 Census the population was 961. Kibler is located in southern Crawford County at 35°25′31″N 94°14′11″W, 4 miles south of Alma and 6 miles east of Van Buren, the Crawford County seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, Kibler has a total area of all land; as of the census of 2000, there were 969 people, 343 households, 278 families residing in the city. The population density was 214.6 people per square mile. There were 368 housing units at an average density of 81.5/sq mi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.25% White, 0.10% Black or African American, 1.44% Native American, 1.86% Asian, 0.62% from other races, 0.72% from two or more races. 1.44% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 343 households out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.9% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 18.7% were non-families.

16.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.6% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.16. In the city, the population was spread out with 27.7% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males. The median income for a household in the city was $33,889, the median income for a family was $36,761. Males had a median income of $27,955 versus $19,583 for females; the per capita income for the city was $15,763. About 11.3% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.4% of those under age 18 and 21.9% of those age 65 or over

Pine Bluff is the tenth-largest city in the state of Arkansas and the county seat of Jefferson County. It is the principal city of the Pine Bluff Metropolitan Statistical Area and part of the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Pine Bluff Combined Statistical Area; the population of the city was 49,083 in the 2010 Census with 2018 estimates showing a decline to 42,271. The city is situated in the Southeast section of the Arkansas Delta and straddles the Arkansas Timberlands region to its west, its topography is flat with wide expanses of farmland, consistent with other places in the Delta Lowlands. Pine Bluff has numerous creeks and bayous.. Large bodies of water include Lake Pine Bluff, Lake Langhofer, the Arkansas River; the area along the Arkansas River had been inhabited for thousands of years by indigenous peoples of various cultures. They used the river for transportation as did European settlers after them, for fishing. By the time of encounter with Europeans, the historical Quapaw were the chief people in the area, having migrated from the Ohio River valley centuries before.

The city of Pine Bluff was founded on a high bank of the Arkansas River forested with tall pine trees. The high ground furnished settlers a safe haven from annual flooding. Joseph Bonne, a Métis fur trader and trapper of mixed Quapaw and colonial French ancestry, settled on this bluff in 1819. After the Quapaw signed a treaty with the United States in 1824 relinquishing their title to all the lands which they claimed in Arkansas, many other American settlers began to join Bonne on the bluff. In 1829 Thomas Phillips claimed a half section of land. Jefferson County was established by the Territorial Legislature on November 2, 1829, began functioning as a county April 19, 1830. At the August 13, 1832 county election, the pine bluff settlement was chosen as the county seat; the Quorum Court voted to name the village "Pine Bluff Town" on October 16, 1832. Pine Bluff was incorporated January 1839, by the order of County Judge Taylor. At the time, the village had about 50 residents. Improved transportation aided in the growth of Pine Bluff during the 1850s.

With its proximity to the Arkansas River, the small town served as a port for shipping. Steamships provided the primary mode of transport, arriving from downriver ports such as New Orleans. From 1832–1838, Pine Bluff residents would see Native American migrants on the Trail of Tears waterway who were being forcibly removed by the US Army from the American Southeast to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. From 1832–1858, Pine Bluff was a station on the passage of Seminole and Black Seminoles, who were forcibly removed from Florida to the Territory, they included the legendary Black Seminole leader John Horse, who arrived in the city via the steamboat Swan in 1842. Pine Bluff was prospering by the outbreak of the Civil War; this was cultivated on large plantations by hundreds and thousands of enslaved Africans throughout the state, but in the Delta. The city had one of the largest slave populations in the state by 1860, Jefferson County, Arkansas was second in cotton production in the state.

When Union forces occupied Little Rock, a group of Pine Bluff residents asked commanding Major General Frederick Steele to send Union forces to occupy their town to protect them from bands of Confederate bushwhackers. Union troops under Colonel Powell Clayton arrived September 17, 1863 and stayed until the war was over. Confederate General J. S. Marmaduke tried to expel the Union Army in the Battle of Pine Bluff October 25, 1863, but was repulsed by a combined effort of soldiers and freedmen. In the final year of the war, the 1st Regiment Kansas Volunteer Infantry, was the first African-American regiment in the civil war to go into combat, it was dispatched to guard Pine Bluff and was mustered out there. Because of the Union forces, Pine Bluff attracted many refugees and freedmen after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued in early 1863; the Union forces set up a contraband camp there to house the runaway slaves and refugees behind Confederate lines. After the war, freed slaves worked with the American Missionary Association to start schools for the education of blacks, prohibited from learning to read and write by southern laws.

Both adults and children eagerly started learning. By September 1872, Professor Joseph C. Corbin opened the Branch Normal School of the Arkansas Industrial University, a black college. Founded as Arkansas's first black public college, today it is the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff. Pine Bluff and the region suffered lasting effects from defeat, the aftermath of war, the trauma of slavery and exploitation. Recovery was slow at first. Construction of railroads improved access to markets, with increased production of cotton as more plantations were reactivated, the economy began to recover; the first railroad reached Pine Bluff in December 1873. This same year Pine Bluff's first utility was formed when Pine Bluff Gas Company began furnishing manufactured gas from coke fuel for lighting purposes; the state's economy remained dependent on cotton and agriculture, which suffered a decline through the 19th century. As personal fortunes increased from the 1870s onward, community leaders constructed large Victorian-style homes west of Main Street.

Meanwhile, the Reconstruction era of the 1870s brought a stark mix of progress and challenge for African Americans. Most blac

Dead mileage, dead running, light running or dead heading in public transport and empty leg in air charter is when a revenue-gaining vehicle operates without carrying or accepting passengers, such as when coming from a garage to begin its first trip of the day. In this case, the vehicle is said to be deadheading. Similar terms in the UK dead in tow; the term deadheading applies to the practice of allowing employees of a common carrier to use a vehicle as a non-revenue passenger. For example, an airline might assign a pilot living in New York to a flight from Denver to Los Angeles, the pilot would catch any flight going to Denver, either wearing their uniform or showing ID, in lieu of buying a ticket; some transport companies will allow employees to use the service when off duty, such as a city bus line allowing an off-duty driver to commute to and from work, free. Additionally, inspectors from a regulatory agency may use transport on a deadhead basis to do inspections such as a Federal Railroad Administration inspector riding a freight train to inspect for safety violations.

Dead mileage occurs when a bus route starts or finishes in a location away from a bus garage or out-station, the start or end of a shift requires driving the bus to and from the garage out of service. Dead mileage can occur in cases where shift-break parking has to be undertaken in terminals away from the service route. Dead mileage incurs costs for the operator in terms of non-revenue earning fuel use, a reduction in the use of the driver's legal hours of driving. Operators will reduce dead mileage by starting or finishing the first or last service of the day, or shift, at a garage along the route, a so-called part service or part route. Dead mileage may be reduced by the operation of routes timed and routed to facilitate bus movements rather than passenger need. Changing routes can increase the useful time to deadhead ratio for both crew and vehicles. Dead mileage has become an issue with privatised competition for bus services, most notable with the privatisation of London bus services, where competing operators have to factor on the cost of dead mileage when bidding for specific routes away from their main garages.

This is exacerbated by not being allowed to operate a service. This can be lessened to an extent by tendering routes in groups of sufficient size to justify opening/renting new garage space. Operators will come to an arrangement to share garage facilities to reduce dead mileage; some air charter companies are leasing out their planes at a lower rate for those empty leg flights to reduce the cost or profit from those non-revenue flights. Deadheading

Throughout the period before the American Civil War and memorials relating to the slavery question appeared in many records of the United States Congress. Between 1836 and 1844, the 21st rule of the U. S. House of Representatives provided that no petition relating to slavery would be entertained in any way; the rule, proposed by South Carolina Representative Henry L. Pinckney, was passed without any debate. During this period, hundreds of petitions relating to the abolition of slavery, slavery in the District of Columbia, fugitive slave laws and fugitive slaves, the admission of slave states, slavery in the territories, African colonization, repeal of the 21st rule were tabled. In the 1830s, the American Anti-Slavery Society wanted to propose to Congress that it make an attempt toward abolishing slavery; as such, abolitionists across the country organized and submitted over 130,000 petitions to the House of Representatives between 1831 and 1844. James Hammond, a representative from South Carolina, first proposed the idea of imposing a gag on all anti-slavery petitions.

Future President James Polk, at that time a representative from Tennessee, tried to resolve this problem and put it in the hands of a special committee. The committee's chairman, Henry Pinckney, dealt with the matter by refusing to consider any of them, making anything that involved slavery automatically tabled. In 1836, the 24th Congress adopted the well-known Gag Rule; this rule declared that all petitions regarding slavery must be approved before passed or “be laid on the table and that no further action whatever shall be laid thereon.” There were lots of people. The Whigs were opposed. Adams declared to everyone that he was not an abolitionist, but thought this rule violated the constitutional right to petition; the Gag Rule was going against the First Amendment, which gives everyone freedom of speech and the right to petition the government for redress of grievances. Adams wanted to pass an amendment To what? against the Gag Rule. When the Whigs took control of the house, the Underwoods of Kentucky proposed an amendment declaring that the old House rules prevailed, instead of getting rid of them after a certain number of days.

This included the 21st rule. Adams was not so fond of the idea and proposed a whole new amendment against the Underwoods to get rid of the 21st Rule, it passed by eight votes, 112-104. People who opposed Adams' ideas tried to kick him out of the House, they tried to take the chairmanship of the Congressional Committee Position from him. The first time Congress attempted to do this, they were unsuccessful. Everyone who opposed him tried again and the same result occurred. Adams kept on questioning Polk, saying that the petitions sent out to create the Gag Rule could be alleged; when Polk failed to answer, Adams stated that everyone has the freedom of action. Slavery should take a toll on one's patience, but if someone had a desire to question this act, it is covered by the law. In January 1844, Adams and his committee eliminated the Gag Rule; the House had a long discussion about it. Many still wanted the question voted; the vote ended up being 86–116 to bring the rule back. The House was still not satisfied and wanted to hold another poll, to see if the public wanted to reconsider the first vote on getting the Gag Rule back.

This proposal failed, 56–116. At last, on December 3, 1844, Congress agreed to rescind the Gag Rule. Adams' campaign had worked. Presidency of Andrew Jackson Adams, John Quincy. "John Quincy Adams on the Gag Rule." Digital History, Digital History, 2019, www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=376. Records of the U. S. House of Representatives Miller, William Lee. Arguing about Slavery: the Great Battle in the United States Congress. A. A. Knopf, 1996

The 2002 Maryland gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 2002. Democratic Governor Parris Glendening could not seek a third term. Republican Bob Ehrlich defeated Democrat Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, making him the first Republican governor of Maryland since Spiro Agnew in 1966; this was the last time. Robert Fustero, perennial candidate Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, lieutenant governor Bob Ehrlich, U. S. Representative Ross Z. Pierpont, perennial candidate James J. Sheridan Lieutenant Governor Kathleen Kennedy Townsend won the Democratic nomination, Congressman Bob Ehrlich won the Republican nomination, both over token opposition. Ehrlich chose Maryland Republican Party Chairman Michael Steele as his running mate, while Townsend chose Admiral Charles R. Larson as her running mate. Larson switched to the Democratic Party just a few weeks before the election. Kennedy's selection of Larson as her running mate proved to be an unpopular move, seeing as he was a white former Republican and had been selected without consultation with black Democratic leaders.

Ehrlich ran advertisements assailing incumbent Governor Parris Glendening for the dismal fiscal situation in Maryland, an issue that resonated with Maryland voters. Glendening's unpopularity did little to help his Lieutenant Governor's flailing campaign. Maryland gubernatorial election, 2006

So Much More is the second studio album by the American singer-songwriter Brett Dennen. It has been ranked the number one folk download on iTunes. In an issue of Rolling Stone following the release of the album, John Mayer commented, "He paints these gorgeous pictures musically." Dennen has toured with Mayer and opened for several of his concerts in 2006 and 2007. So Much More's lyrics are concerned with questioning the way things are; the album's tracks contain philosophical lyrics in which Dennen indicated that he asks questions but does not follow up by answering them. All songs were written by Brett Dennen. Ain't No Reason - 3:39 There Is So Much More - 5:07 Darlin' Do Not Fear - 5:12 Because You Are a Woman - 4:12 She's Mine - 4:33 The One Who Loves You the Most - 5:01 I Asked When - 6:19 When You Feel It - 4:49 So Long Sweet Misery - 5:58 Someday - 3:50 Can't Slow Down - 5:41 Fig Tree - 5:26 Follow Your Heart - 2:52 Made for Better Things - 3:23 Perla Batalla - vocals Mario Calire - drums Jim Christie - drums Luis Conte - percussion Mark Goldenberg - electric guitar, accordion Jennifer Grais - vocals Kevin McCormick - bass guitar Keb' Mo' - slide guitar Justin "El Niño" Porée - percussion Randy Schwartz - mandolin, background vocals Scott Thurston - organ Brett Dennen - vocals, mandolin