1.
Musical theatre
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Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance. The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement, since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals. These were followed by the numerous Edwardian musical comedies and the theatre works of American creators like George M. Cohan. Musicals are performed around the world and they may be presented in large venues, such as big-budget Broadway or West End productions in New York City or London. Alternatively, musicals may be staged in smaller fringe theatre, Off-Broadway or regional theatre productions, musicals are often presented by amateur and school groups in churches, schools and other performance spaces. In addition to the United States and Britain, there are vibrant musical theatre scenes in continental Europe, Asia, Australasia, Canada, the three main components of a book musical are its music, lyrics and book. The interpretation of a musical is the responsibility of its team, which includes a director. A musicals production is also characterized by technical aspects, such as set design, costumes, stage properties, lighting. The creative team, designs and interpretations generally change from the production to succeeding productions. Some production elements, however, may be retained from the production, for example. There is no fixed length for a musical, while it can range from a short one-act entertainment to several acts and several hours in length, most musicals range from one and a half to three hours. Musicals are usually presented in two acts, with one intermission, and the first act is frequently longer than the second. A book musical is usually built four to six main theme tunes that are reprised later in the show. Several shorter musicals on Broadway and in the West End have been presented in one act in recent decades, moments of greatest dramatic intensity in a book musical are often performed in song. Proverbially, when the emotion becomes too strong for speech, you sing, typically, many fewer words are sung in a five-minute song than are spoken in a five-minute block of dialogue. Therefore, there is time to develop drama in a musical than in a straight play of equivalent length. Within the compressed nature of a musical, the writers must develop the characters, the material presented in a musical may be original, or it may be adapted from novels, plays, classic legends, historical events or films. On the other hand, many musical theatre works have been adapted for musical films, such as West Side Story, My Fair Lady, The Sound of Music, Oliver
2.
Kids Incorporated
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Kids Incorporated, is an American childrens television program. It is largely a youth-oriented program with performances as an integral part of each. The pilot episode was shot on September 1,1983, the show aired in syndication from September 1,1984 to May 25,1986, and on the Disney Channel from November 3,1986 to February 9,1994. Reruns aired on the Disney Channel until May 30,1996, the series revolves around a group of children and teenagers who performed in their own rock group, Kids Incorporated. They struggled to deal with issues ranging from schoolyard crushes to peer pressure to child abuse and it had originally been named The Palace and had been a theater where, supposedly, the biggest names in entertainment, such as Elvis Presley and Frank Sinatra, had once performed. But the first a in the neon sign burned out and was never replaced and it was never explained how the group funded or profited from their performances, but the show did not aim for strict realism. The action took place on abstract stagey sets and the plots involved many elements, such as the group meeting a robot. In addition to their performances on stage, the group would break into song when they were off-stage, the city in which the P*lace was located was never disclosed. The school depicted on the set had signage reading P. S. and later, in one episode in the first season, The P*lace was expected to be torn down, but was saved as a National Historical Landmark. The cast was mainly children and teenagers, the only recurring adult cohost members were Moosie Drier, Sean ORiordan and Dena Burton, who played staff of The P*lace. Michael Lewis played the manager of The Malt Shop in the pilot, parents rarely appeared on the show nor figured directly into episode plots. The cast of all nine seasons is listed as follows, The group members ranged in age from eight to seventeen, from Seasons 4 to 5 there were six members, in Seasons 1 to 3 and 6 to 9, it always consisted of three girls and two boys. The characters on the show usually carried the names of the actors who played them, however, in some cases, the names were shortened, and in other cases they were completely replaced. For example, Marta Martika Marreros character was named Gloria while Jerry Sharells was named Mickey, Rahsaan Patterson was called Kid and his real name was not revealed as Rahsaan until well into the series although scripts continued to refer to him as Kid regardless. Actors left the show when they aged out of their roles on Kids Incorporated or if they wanted to work on other things. The disappearances of some actors, such as Jerry Sharell, Martika, Renee Sands, Rahsaan Patterson, and Moosie Drier, were written into the script. However, many of the characters were replaced without comment such as the disappearances of Robin, Kenny, Devyn, Connie, Stacy, Richie, Eric, Jared, Flip, and Ryan. While she was on the show Stacy eventually went from being the youngest to the oldest and holds the record for the longest run on the series having been on for six seasons, Moosie Drier was part of the cast for five seasons
3.
Multiple-camera setup
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The multiple-camera setup, multiple-camera mode of production, multi-camera or simply multicam is a method of filmmaking and video production. Several cameras—either film or professional video cameras—are employed on the set and it is often contrasted with single-camera setup, which uses one camera. In this way, multiple shots are obtained in a single take without having to start and this is more efficient for programs that are to be shown a short time after being shot as it reduces the time spent film editing or video editing the footage. It is also a necessity for regular, high-output shows like daily soap operas. It also reduces the complexity of tracking continuity issues that crop up when the scene is reshot from the different angles and it is an essential part of live television. These can be hidden from just one camera but can be more complicated to set up. Another drawback is in film usage—a four-camera setup will use up to four times as much film per take, while shooting, the director and assistant director create a line cut by instructing the technical director to switch between the feed from the individual cameras. In the case of sitcoms with studio audiences, this cut is typically displayed to them on studio monitors. The line cut might be refined later in editing, as often the output from all cameras is recorded, both separately and as a combined reference display called the q split. The camera currently being recorded to the cut is indicated by a tally light controlled by a camera control unit on the camera as a reference both for the actors and the camera operators. When sound came into the picture multiple cameras were used to film sets at a single time. Early sound was recorded onto wax discs that could not be edited, the BBC routinely used multiple cameras for their live television shows from 1936 onward. Desilus innovation was to use 35mm film instead of 16mm and to film with a multiple-camera setup before a studio audience. In the late 1970s, Garry Marshall was credited with adding the fourth camera to the multi-camera set-up for his series Mork & Mindy, soon after, many productions followed suit and now having four cameras is the norm for multi-camera situation comedies. The multiple-camera method gives the director less control over each shot but is faster, in television, multiple-camera is commonly used for sports programs, news programs, soap operas, talk shows, game shows, and some sitcoms. Before the pre-filmed continuing series became the dominant dramatic form on American television, multiple cameras can take different shots of a live situation as the action unfolds chronologically and is suitable for shows which require a live audience. For this reason, multiple camera productions can be filmed or taped much faster than single camera, multiple-camera sitcoms were more simplified but have been compared to theatre work due to its similar set-up and use of theatre-experienced actors and crew members. The majority of British sitcoms and dramas from the 1950s to the early 1990s were made using four cameras, unlike the United States, the development of completed filmed programming, using the single camera method, was limited for several decades
4.
Hal Roach
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Hal Roach was born in Elmira, New York, the grandson of Irish immigrants. A presentation by the great American humorist Mark Twain impressed Roach as a grade school student. After an adventurous youth that took him to Alaska, Hal Roach arrived in Hollywood, California in 1912, upon coming into an inheritance, he began producing short film comedies in 1915 with his friend Harold Lloyd, who portrayed a character known as Lonesome Luke. In September 1916, Roach married actress Marguerite Nichols and they had two children, Hal Jr. and Margaret M. Roach. After 26 years of marriage, Marguerite died in 1940, Roach married a second time on September 1,1942, to Lucille Prin, a Los Angeles secretary. Roach and Lucille had four children, Elizabeth Carson Roach, Maria May Roach, Jeanne Alice Roach, unable to expand his studios in downtown Los Angeles because of zoning, Roach purchased what became the Hal Roach Studios from Harry Culver in Culver City, California. During the 1920s Roachs biggest rival was producer Mack Sennett, in 1925, Roach hired away Sennetts supervising director, F. Richard Jones. Roach released his films through Pathé Exchange until 1927, when he went to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and he converted his silent movie studio to sound in late 1928 and began releasing talking shorts in early 1929. In the days before dubbing, foreign versions of the Roach comedies were created by reshooting each film in the Spanish, French. Laurel & Hardy, Charley Chase, and the Our Gang kids were required to recite the foreign dialogue phonetically, in 1931, with the release of the Laurel & Hardy film Pardon Us, Roach began producing occasional full-length features alongside the short product. Short subjects became less profitable and were phased out by 1936, in 1937, Roach conceived a joint business venture partnering with Vittorio Mussolini, son of fascist Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, to form a production company called R. A. M. This proposed business alliance with Mussolini caused MGM to intervene and force Roach to pay his way out of the venture and this embarrassment, coupled with the underperformance of much of Roachs new feature product, led to the end of Roachs relationship with MGM. In May 1938, Roach ended his contract with MGM, selling them the production rights to, and actors contracts for Our Gang in the process. From 1937 to 1940, Roach concentrated on producing glossy features, most of his new films were either sophisticated farces or rugged action fare. Roachs one venture into heavy drama was the acclaimed Of Mice and Men, in which actors Burgess Meredith, the Laurel and Hardy comedies, once the Roach studios biggest drawing cards, were now the studios least important product and were phased out altogether in 1940. In 1940, Roach experimented with medium-length featurettes, running 40 to 50 minutes each and he contended that these streamliners, as he called them, would be useful in double-feature situations where the main attraction was a longer-length epic. Exhibitors agreed with him and used Roachs mini-features to balance top-heavy double bills, United Artists continued to release Roachs streamliners through 1943. By this time Roach no longer had a resident company of comedy stars, the studios were leased to the U. S. Army Air Forces, and the First Motion Picture Unit made 400 training, morale and propaganda films at Fort Roach
5.
MGM Television
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From 2005–2006, MGM television programs were distributed by Sony Pictures Television. Since May 31,2006, MGM Television has resumed production and distribution of its programs on television. MGM Television has rejoined the first-run syndication market for the first time in years with Paternity Court. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer first used TV for promotional purposes having a tie in with The Ed Sullivan Show in the early 1950s. The Ed Sullivan Show, however, switched to 20th Century Fox, thus MGM attempted to have an agreement with NBC. However, this program was canceled by the Alphabet Network in mid-1956, MGM took bids for its movie library in 1956 from Lou Chesler, PRM, Inc. owner and others. Chesler had offered $50 million for the film library, MGM then offered three year term leases of film series, Andy Hardys Maisies and Dr. Kildares to TV film distributors. But decided on entering the TV market itself MGM-TV was started with the hiring of Bud Barry to head up the operation in June 1956, MGM-TV was to distribute its films to TV, TV production and purchasing TV stations. TV production was expect to start with the 1957–58 season and was to include half-hour remakes of or series based on its pictures, initial feature film sales focused on selling to the networks. MGM-TV began producing commercials by April 1957 creating ads for Knickerbocker, by April 1957, MGM-TV was sued by the United States Department of Justice for Block booking to TV stations for selling its movie library as a whole. Substitute of a film in another package for an equal value movie were allowed, as film is also individual prices based on several factors including its age. Then a discount is applied, 50% for the library,37. 5% on the 350 packages. MGM-TV was also in negotiation with California National Productions, NBCs syndicated distribution subsidiary, MGM TV started its own Television network, MGM Family Network, or MGM Television Network, on September 9,1973 on 145 stations. In 1982, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Television was renamed MGM/UA Television Distribution after the merger with United Artists the previous year, in 1984, MGM/UA TV again launched an ad hoc TV network, MGM/UA Premiere Network, with movies. In 1986, Ted Turner bought MGM/UA from Kirk Kerkorian, including all of the movies, due to a crushing debt, however, Turner was forced to return Kerkorian all of United Artists and the MGM trademark 74 days later on June 8. Though, Turner did keep the pre-May 1986 MGM television shows, Gilligans Island, thus, when Time Warner acquired Turner Broadcasting System in October 1996, the pre-May 1986 MGM/UA TV shows became part of Warner Bros. After Turners sale, the division was renamed MGM/UA Television Productions. In 1987, the TV distribution arm MGM/UA Telecommunications Group was launched under the new company MGM/UA Communications Co, MGM/UA Television still kept producing the television series Fame until 1987, the 1980s version of The Twilight Zone until 1989, and Kids Incorporated until 1993
6.
Disney Channel
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Disney Channels programming consists of original first-run television series, theatrically-released and original made-for-cable movies and select other third-party programming. Disney Channel – which formerly operated as a premium service – originally marketed its programs towards families during the 1980s, most of Disney Channels original programming is aimed at kids ages 9–16, while its Disney Junior programs are targeted at children 8 years and under. As of January 2016, Disney Channel is available to approximately 93.9 million pay television households in the United States. The Disney Sunday Movie, a version of the Walt Disney anthology television series, began on the channel in 1986 concurrent with ABCs version until 1988 and NBCs The Magical World of Disney. Disney Channel Original Movies series of made for television movies started on August 23,1997 with Northern Lights supplanting the previous Disney Channel Premiere Films banner.2 million viewers. The Cheetah Girls films were also successful in terms of merchiandise. The first film in 2003 was the first made-for-TV movie musical in Disney Channels history, and had a worldwide audience of over 84 million viewers. The second movie was the most successful of the series, bringing in 8.1 million viewers in the U. S. Disney Junior – Disney Junior is a block that features shows targeted at children aged 3–9. Which debuted on February 14,2011, it airs Monday through Fridays from 8,00 a. m. –2,00 p. m. and weekends from 6,00 to 9,00 a. m. Disney Junior carries one of the few programs on Disney Channel that feature classic Disney characters as of 2013, Mickey Mouse Clubhouse. Other programs currently seen in this block include Jake and the Never Land Pirates, Sheriff Callies Wild West, Sofia the First, Miles from Tomorrowland, The Lion Guard and Doc McStuffins. C. Saturdays from 8, 00-11,00 p. m. and Sundays from 7, Saturday nights feature repeats of recent episodes of the channels original series or an occasional film telecast. Encores of the respective nights programs typically air between 11,00 p. m. and 2,30 a. m, Eastern/Pacific each night during that weekend. Out of This World Weekend – a weekend of shows having space themed episodes, Weekend – a weekend of shows having mystery themed episodes. This was the first special weekend, Summer Adventure Weekend – a weekend of shows with vacation themed episodes. Flash Forward Weekend – a weekend of shows related to time travel, freaky Freakend – a weekend of shows featuring paranormal themed episodes. April Fuel Week – a week of shows featuring special episodes, Weekend – a weekend of shows featuring guest stars from other Disney Channel shows, occurs mostly in April. Programming seen during Disney Nighttime included older feature films, along with original concert specials, variety specials, mystery Night – ran each Tuesday evening starting at 9,00 p. m. Eastern/Pacific from 1990 to 1993, focused on mystery films from the 1930s to the 1960s
7.
Videotape
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Videotape is magnetic tape used for storing video and usually sound in addition. Information stored can be in the form of either a signal or digital signal. Videotape is used in video tape recorders or, more commonly, videocassette recorders and camcorders. Videotapes are also used for storing scientific or medical data, such as the produced by an electrocardiogram. Tape is a method of storing information and thus imposes delays to access a portion of the tape that is not already under the heads. The early 2000s saw the introduction and rise to prominence of high quality video recording media such as hard disks. Since then, videotape has been relegated to archival and similar uses. The electronics division of entertainer Bing Crosbys production company, Bing Crosby Enterprises, overall the picture quality was still considered inferior to the best kinescope recordings on film. Bing Crosby Enterprises hoped to have a version available in 1954. The BBC experimented from 1952 to 1958 with a high-speed linear videotape system called VERA and it used half-inch tape traveling at 200 inches per second. RCA demonstrated the magnetic recording of both black-and-white and color television programs at its Princeton laboratories on December 1,1953. The high-speed longitudinal tape system, called Simplex, in development since 1951, could record, the color system used half-inch tape to record five tracks, one each for red, blue, green, synchronization, and audio. The black-and-white system used quarter-inch tape with two tracks, one for video and one for audio, both systems ran at 360 inches per second. RCA-owned NBC first used it on The Jonathan Winters Show on October 23,1956 when a song sequence by Dorothy Collins in color was included in the otherwise live television program. BCE demonstrated a color system in February 1955 using a longitudinal recording on half-inch tape. CBS, RCAs competitor, was about to order BCE machines when Ampex introduced the superior Quadruplex system, BCE was acquired by 3M Company in 1956. Quad employed a transverse four-head system on a tape. On January 22,1957, the NBC Television game show Truth or Consequences, produced in Hollywood, Ampex introduced a color videotape recorder in 1958 in a cross-licensing agreement with RCA, whose engineers had developed it from an Ampex black-and-white recorder
8.
Stereophonic sound
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Stereophonic sound or, more commonly, stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that creates an illusion of multi-directional audible perspective. Thus the term applies to so-called quadraphonic and surround-sound systems as well as the more common two-channel. It is often contrasted with monophonic, or mono sound, where audio is heard as coming from one position, in the 2000s, stereo sound is common in entertainment systems such as broadcast radio and TV, recorded music and the cinema. The word stereophonic derives from the Greek στερεός, firm, solid + φωνή, sound, tone, voice and it was coined in 1927 by Western Electric, the signal is then reproduced over multiple loudspeakers to recreate, as closely as possible, the live sound. Secondly artificial or pan-pot stereo, in which a sound is reproduced over multiple loudspeakers. By varying the amplitude of the signal sent to each speaker an artificial direction can be suggested. The control which is used to vary this relative amplitude of the signal is known as a pan-pot, by combining multiple pan-potted mono signals together, a complete, yet entirely artificial, sound field can be created. In technical usage, true stereo sound recording and sound reproduction that uses stereographic projection to encode the relative positions of objects and events recorded. During two-channel stereo recording, two microphones are placed in strategically chosen locations relative to the source, with both recording simultaneously. The two recorded channels will be similar, but each will have distinct time-of-arrival and sound-pressure-level information, during playback, the listeners brain uses those subtle differences in timing and sound level to triangulate the positions of the recorded objects. Stereo recordings often cannot be played on systems without a significant loss of fidelity. This phenomenon is known as phase cancellation and this two-channel telephonic process was commercialized in France from 1890 to 1932 as the Théâtrophone, and in England from 1895 to 1925 as the Electrophone. Both were services available by coin-operated receivers at hotels and cafés, modern stereophonic technology was invented in the 1930s by British engineer Alan Blumlein at EMI, who patented stereo records, stereo films, and also surround sound. In early 1931, Blumlein and his wife were at a local cinema, Blumlein declared to his wife that he had found a way to make the sound follow the actor across the screen. The genesis of ideas is uncertain, but he explained them to Isaac Shoenberg in the late summer of 1931. His earliest notes on the subject are dated 25 September 1931, the application was dated 14 December 1931, and was accepted on 14 June 1933 as UK patent number 394,325. The patent covered many ideas in stereo, some of which are used today and these discs used the two walls of the groove at right angles in order to carry the two channels. Much of the development work on this system for cinematic use did not reach completion until 1935, in Blumleins short test films, his original intent of having the sound follow the actor was fully realised
9.
Elvis Presley
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Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is referred to as the King of Rock and Roll. Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis and his music career began there in 1954, when he recorded a song with producer Sam Phillips at Sun Records. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a popularizer of rockabilly. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, Presleys first RCA single, Heartbreak Hotel, was released in January 1956 and became a number-one hit in the United States. He was regarded as the figure of rock and roll after a series of successful network television appearances. In November 1956, Presley made his debut in Love Me Tender. In 1958, he was drafted into military service, in 1973, Presley featured in the first globally broadcast concert via satellite, Aloha from Hawaii. Several years of drug abuse severely damaged his health. Presley is one of the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century and he won three Grammys, also receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36, and has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame. Presley was born on January 8,1935, in Tupelo, Mississippi, to Gladys Love and Vernon Elvis Presley, Jesse Garon Presley, his identical twin brother, was delivered stillborn 35 minutes before his own birth. Thus, as a child, Presley became close to both parents and formed an especially close bond with his mother. The family attended an Assembly of God, where he found his musical inspiration. Although he was in conflict with the Pentecostal church in his later years, rev. Rex Humbard officiated at his funeral, as Presley had been an admirer of Humbards ministry. Presleys ancestry was primarily a Western European mix, including Scots-Irish, Scottish, German, gladyss great-great-grandmother, Morning Dove White, was possibly a Cherokee Native American. Gladys was regarded by relatives and friends as the dominant member of the small family, Vernon moved from one odd job to the next, evincing little ambition. The family often relied on help from neighbors and government food assistance, the Presleys survived the F5 tornado in the 1936 Tupelo–Gainesville tornado outbreak. In 1938, they lost their home after Vernon was found guilty of kiting a check written by the landowner, Orville S. Bean and he was jailed for eight months, and Gladys and Elvis moved in with relatives
10.
Frank Sinatra
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Francis Albert Sinatra was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century. He is one of the music artists of all time. Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James. Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943 and he released his debut album, The Voice of Frank Sinatra, in 1946. Sinatras professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas and his career was reborn in 1953 with the success of From Here to Eternity, with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor. Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including In the Wee Small Hours, Come Fly with Me, Only the Lonely and Nice n Easy. Sinatra left Capitol in 1960 to start his own label, Reprise Records. It was followed by 1968s collaboration with Duke Ellington, using his Las Vegas shows as a home base, he toured both within the United States and internationally until a short time before his death in 1998. Sinatra forged a successful career as a film actor. After winning an Academy Award for From Here to Eternity, he starred in The Man with the Golden Arm and he appeared in various musicals such as On the Town, Guys and Dolls, High Society, and Pal Joey, winning another Golden Globe for the latter. Toward the end of his career, he associated with playing detectives. Sinatra would later receive the Golden Globe Cecil B, on television, The Frank Sinatra Show began on ABC in 1950, and he continued to make appearances on television throughout the 1950s and 1960s. While Sinatra never formally learned how to read music, he had a natural, intuitive understanding of it, a perfectionist, renowned for his impeccable dress sense and cleanliness, he always insisted on recording live with his band. His bright blue eyes earned him the popular nickname Ol Blue Eyes, Sinatra led a colorful personal life, and was often involved in turbulent affairs with women, such as with his second wife Ava Gardner. He went on to marry Mia Farrow in 1966 and Barbara Marx in 1976, Sinatra had several violent confrontations, usually with journalists he felt had crossed him, or work bosses with whom he had disagreements. He was honored at the Kennedy Center Honors in 1983, was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Ronald Reagan in 1985, Sinatra was also the recipient of eleven Grammy Awards, including the Grammy Trustees Award, Grammy Legend Award and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. After his death, American music critic Robert Christgau called him the greatest singer of the 20th century, Francis Albert Sinatra was born on December 12,1915, in an upstairs tenement at 415 Monroe Street in Hoboken, New Jersey. He was the child of Italian immigrants Antonino Martino Marty Sinatra
11.
National Historical Landmark
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A National Historic Landmark is a building, district, object, site, or structure that is officially recognized by the United States government for its outstanding historical significance. Of over 85,000 places listed on the countrys National Register of Historic Places, a National Historic Landmark District may include contributing properties that are buildings, structures, sites or objects, and it may include non-contributing properties. Contributing properties may or may not also be separately listed, prior to 1935, efforts to preserve cultural heritage of national importance were made by piecemeal efforts of the United States Congress. The first National Historic Site designation was made for the Salem Maritime National Historic Site on March 17,1938. In 1960, the National Park Service took on the administration of the data gathered under this legislation. Because listings often triggered local preservation laws, legislation in 1980 amended the procedures to require owner agreement to the designations. On October 9,1960,92 properties were announced as designated NHLs by Secretary of the Interior Fred A. Seaton, more than 2,500 NHLs have been designated. Most, but not all, are in the United States, there are NHLs in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Three states account for nearly 25 percent of the nations NHLs, three cities within these states all separately have more NHLs than 40 of the 50 states. In fact, New York City alone has more NHLs than all but five states, Virginia, California, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, there are 74 NHLs in the District of Columbia. Some NHLs are in U. S. commonwealths and territories, associated states, and foreign states. There are 15 in Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and other U. S. commonwealths and territories,5 in U. S. -associated states such as Micronesia, over 100 ships or shipwrecks have been designated as NHLs. About half of the National Historic Landmarks are privately owned, the National Historic Landmarks Program relies on suggestions for new designations from the National Park Service, which also assists in maintaining the landmarks. A friends group of owners and managers, the National Historic Landmark Stewards Association, works to preserve, protect, if not already listed on the National Register of Historic Places, an NHL is automatically added to the Register upon designation. About three percent of Register listings are NHLs, american Water Landmark List of U. S
12.
Fergie (singer)
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Fergie Duhamel is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She is the female vocalist for the hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas, in 2001, she left the group and in the subsequent year began to team up with The Black Eyed Peas. With The Black Eyed Peas, she enjoyed a series of hits, the Black Eyed Peas enjoyed further success with the release of their third album with Ferguson, The E. N. D. they attained their first string of Billboard Hot 100 number one songs. She began touring in 2009/2010 with her group and she launched her fragrance, Outspoken. She continued success with The Black Eyed Peas and they released the album The Beginning, Ferguson was born in Hacienda Heights, California, the daughter of devout Roman Catholic school teachers Theresa Ann and Jon Patrick Ferguson. Her ancestry includes Irish, Scottish, English, Mexican and Native American and she was raised Roman Catholic and attended Mesa Robles Middle School and Glen A. Wilson High School. She was a cheerleader, straight-A student and spelling bee champion, from 1984 to 1989, she starred on the TV show Kids Incorporated and was the longest running cast member, she starred in the first six of the shows nine seasons. Ferguson was a member of the female trio Wild Orchid, which she fronted with Stefanie Ridel, by 1992, the girls began meeting with record labels, but they still could not get a recording contract. They eventually signed a publishing deal with Sony Publishing before signing a record contract with RCA Records in 1994. In April 2007, she gave an interview in which she admitted that she went on a sex and drugs spree when she turned eighteen, saying, I wont say how many men Ive had sex with—but I am a very sexual person. Wild Orchids first single, At Night I Pray, debuted on the Billboard charts in September 1996, in March 1997, the band released their self-titled debut album, which debuted at number one. In September 1998, they released their album, Oxygen. From June 16 to August 28,1999, they opened for Chers Do You Believe, Tour alongside Cyndi Lauper, which took them to 52 cities across the United States and Canada. They completed an album, which their record label declined to release. In 2006, Ferguson told Entertainment Weekly that both frustrations with the image and personal drug problems led her to leave Wild Orchid. The Black Eyed Peas were recording their album, Elephunk. She got the gig and instantly bonded with the trio, going on to five additional songs on the album. From Elephunk came Where is the Love, which became The Black Eyed Peas first major hit, it peaked at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the charts in several other countries
13.
Jennifer Love Hewitt
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Jennifer Love Hewitt is an American actress, television producer and director, singer/songwriter and author. Hewitt began her career as a child by appearing in television commercials. She rose to fame for her role as Sarah Reeves Merrin on the Fox teen drama Party of Five and she later starred in the horror film I Know What You Did Last Summer and its 1998 sequel. From 2005 to 2010, Hewitt starred as Melinda Gordon on the CBS supernatural drama Ghost Whisperer and she later starred on the Lifetime drama series The Client List from 2012 to 2013, and was previously nominated for a Golden Globe Award for the pilot film. From 2014 to 2015, she starred as Special Agent Kate Callahan on the CBS crime drama Criminal Minds, in addition to acting, she has served as a producer on some of her film and television projects. As a singer, Hewitt has been signed by Atlantic Records and Jive Records and she has released four studio albums, including Love Songs, Lets Go Bang, Jennifer Love Hewitt and BareNaked. Her most successful single on the Billboard Hot 100 is the 1999 release How Do I Deal and she has also contributed music to the promotion or soundtracks of acting projects. Hewitt was identified as the number one choice on the November 1999. TV Guide named her the sexiest woman on television in 2008, Hewitt was born in Waco, Texas, to Patricia Mae, a speech-language pathologist, and Herbert Daniel Hewitt, a medical technician. Hewitt grew up in Nolanville, in Central Texas, and has close ties in parts of Arkansas. After their parents divorced, Hewitt and her older brother Todd were raised by their mother, Patricia Mae Hewitt died on June 12,2012, aged 67, following a battle with cancer. As a young girl, Hewitt was attracted to music, which led to her first encounters with the entertainment industry, at the age of three, she sang The Greatest Love of All at a livestock show. The following year, at a hall, she entertained an audience with her version of Help Me Make it Through the Night. By age five, she had tap dancing and ballet in her portfolio, at nine, she became a member of the Texas Show Team. In Los Angeles, she attended Lincoln High School where her classmates included Jonathan Neville, after moving to Los Angeles, Hewitt appeared in more than twenty television commercials, including some for Mattel toys. Her first break came as an actor on the Disney Channel variety show Kids Incorporated. She later appeared in the action video short Dance. Workout with Barbie, released by Buena Vista and she played Pierce Brosnans daughter in a pilot for NBC called Running Wilde, which featured Brosnan as a reporter for Auto World magazine, whose stories cover his own wild auto adventures
14.
Eric Balfour
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Eric Salter Balfour is an American actor and singer. He is the singer of Born As Ghosts, formerly known as Fredalba. His roles include Milo Pressman on the action-thriller TV series 24, Claires meth date in Six Feet Under, Balfour was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of Sharon, who works as a marriage and family counselor, and David Balfour, a chiropractor. He has a sister, Tori. After five years of dating, Balfour married fashion designer Erin Chiamulon on May 30,2015 in Pacific Palisades, Balfour appeared on the kids TV show Kids Incorporated for one season in 1991. During the early 1990s, he had a variety of minor roles on such television series as, Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman, Arresting Behavior, Boy Meets World. In 1997, he appeared in the pilot for Buffy the Vampire Slayer, as one of the shows first victims and he appeared as a regular cast member in three short-lived TV shows. ABCs Veritas, The Quest was cancelled after four episodes in 2003, NBCs Hawaii was canceled after seven episodes in 2004, UPNs Sex, also in 2005, Balfour starred in the sexually explicit Canadian drama Lie with Me opposite Lauren Lee Smith. In March 2006, Balfour debuted as Brian Peluso on producer Dick Wolfs short-lived NBC crime drama, Conviction, Balfour was also a guest star on the hit show Dawsons Creek, in the ninth episode of the first season. He starred in the 2003 remake of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre opposite Jessica Biel. He played a character in several episodes of The O. C. as Eddie, Theresas fiancé. Balfour appeared in seven episodes of the first season of 24 as computer technician Milo Pressman in 2001, five years later, Balfour reprised the role for nineteen episodes of 24s sixth season before leaving the show by his own request. Balfour appeared in ABCs Life on Mars as Eddie Carling, the brother of detective Ray Carling and he was the face for the new Valentino male fragrance, Valentino V. In September 2009, Balfour appeared in an episode of Monk, in that same month, Balfour booked a recurring role on the new CW drama show The Beautiful Life, but the show was canceled after its second episode and production was shut down immediately. In 2010, he starred in the Strause Brothers thriller film Skyline and he starred as Duke Crocker on the Syfy drama Haven. Balfour co-starred with Missy Peregrym and Jeff Roop, in the creature film Backcountry, Eric Balfour at the Internet Movie Database Eric Balfour at AllMovie
15.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
16.
The Black Eyed Peas
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The Black Eyed Peas is an American group, consisting of rappers will. i. am, apl. de. ap, Taboo, and singer Fergie. Originally an alternative hip hop group, they changed their musical sound to pop and dance-pop music. Although the group was founded in Los Angeles in 1995, it was not until the release of their third album Elephunk in 2003 that they achieved record sales. Since that time, the group has sold an estimated 76 million records, according to Nielsen SoundScan, the Black Eyed Peas were the second-best-selling artist/group of all time for downloaded tracks, with over 42 million sales as of the end of 2011. Their first major hit was the 2003 single Where Is the Love, from Elephunk, which topped the charts in 13 countries, including the United Kingdom, where it spent seven weeks at number one and went on to become Britains biggest selling single of 2003. Another European hit single from the album was Shut Up. Their fourth album, Monkey Business, was an even bigger success, certified 4× Platinum in the U. S. and spawning four singles, Dont Phunk with My Heart, Dont Lie, My Humps. I Gotta Feeling became the first single to more than one million downloads in the United Kingdom. The Black Eyed Peas were ranked 12th on Billboards Decade-End Chart Artist of the Decade, at the 52nd Grammy Awards ceremony, held in January 2010, they won three awards out of six nominations. In November 2010, they released the album The Beginning, in February 2011, the group performed at the Super Bowl XLV halftime show. The Black Eyed Peas date back to 1988, when eighth-graders William Adams and Allan Pineda met, the pair signed to Ruthless Records in 1992, catching the attention of Eazy-E manager Jerry Hellers nephew. Along with another friend of theirs, Dante Santiago, they called their trio Atban Klann, will 1X, apl. de. ap, Mookie Mook, DJ Motiv8, and Dante Santiago formed Atban Klann. Their debut album, Grass Roots, was never released due to Ruthless records founder Eazy-Es death, after Eazy-E died in 1995, Atban Klann reformed and changed their name to Black Eyed Pods, and then Black Eyed Peas. Dante Santiago was replaced with Jaime Gomez, and Kim Hill became a background singer. Unlike the gangsta rap sounds of Los Angeles-based hip hop acts at the time, after being signed to Interscope Records and releasing their debut, Behind the Front the group earned critical acclaim. One of the singles from the album was Joints & Jam, singer Sierra Swan joined in 1998, appearing on the 1998 song Fallin Up, before she left in 2000. Their second album, Bridging the Gap, produced the singles Weekends featuring Esthero, Hill left the band while producing the album, but was still featured on the album tracks for Hot and Tell Your Mama Come as well as in the video for Weekends. Their third album Elephunk began development on November 2,2001 and it was the first album to feature the vocals of current member Fergie
17.
Toy Soldiers (song)
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Toy Soldiers is a song by American singer-songwriter Martika appearing on her eponymous debut album in 1988, and released as the second single from it in May 1989. It was a number one Billboard hit song for two weeks in the U. S. in the summer of 1989, an edited version of the song is included in the imported version of the album Toy Soldiers, The Best of Martika. Martika wrote the song about a friend who was battling a cocaine addiction, I was a little hesitant because I had only written two songs before and they were light songs. I came up to Michael and said I wanted to write about drugs and it was the first time I got the nerve to write about something that was scary for me to talk about, so I did. According to an episode of VH-1s Pop-Up Video, in which Toy Soldiers was featured, the song is performed in the key of C♯ minor with a tempo of 65 beats per minute in 44 time. The song follows a progression of A–B–A–B–C♯m–B–C♯m–G♯m–C♯m–B. The song spent two weeks at one on the Billboard Hot 100 in the U. S. On Billboards year-end chart for 1989, Toy Soldiers placed number 29 and it was Martikas only number-one single in the U. S. and her highest-ranking single in the United Kingdom. The single was certified Gold in the United States by the RIAA, in March and April 2009, VH1 ran a countdown of the 100 Greatest One-Hit Wonders of the 80s. Toy Soldiers placed at #67 on the countdown despite the fact that Martika had three other top 40 hits, More Than You Know, I Feel the Earth Move, buss also highlighted the song as an album standout by labeling it an AMG Pick Track. Rob Theakston of Allmusic labeled the song as an AMG Pick Track on the 2005 compilation Toy Soldiers, Martika herself recorded and produced a Spanish version of Toy Soldiers renaming it Como Un Juguete, though it was not as successful as the original English version. A sample of Martika singing the chorus is used as the chorus of the Eminem version, the subject of the Eminem song is markedly different from the Martika song, concerning violence and murder linked to rap music rather than drug addiction. The sample is played faster than the original version. In The Simpsons 18th season episode G. I. the music playing during the course is Toy Soldiers. In The Goldbergs 3rd season episode A Kick-Ass Risky Business Party, crack epidemic List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1989 Music video on YouTube
18.
Saved by the Bell
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Saved by the Bell is an American television sitcom that aired on NBC from 1989 to 1993. A reboot of the Disney Channel series Good Morning, Miss Bliss, the series starred Mark-Paul Gosselaar, Dustin Diamond, Lark Voorhies, Dennis Haskins, Tiffani-Amber Thiessen, Elizabeth Berkley, and Mario Lopez. The series also spawned two TV movies, Saved by the Bell, Hawaiian Style in 1992 and Saved by the Bell, Saved by the Bell, which pre-dates the enforcement of the 1990 Childrens Television Act, has since been classified as educational and informational. The show was named one of the 20 Best School Shows of all Time by AOL TV, in casting Good Morning, Miss Bliss, Peter Engel knew the success of the show would not hinge on Miss Bliss herself, but on her students. Engel insisted that the show could not go on without Zack Morris, Engels casting director, Shana Landsburg, finally happened across fourteen-year old Mark-Paul Gosselaar and was immediately struck by the teens charisma, charm, and good looks. After a quick read-through, Gosselaar was immediately given the role, after casting Zack Morris, the next character sought after was Morriss nerdy friend, Samuel Screech Powers. Gosselaar was asked to read through the script with a number of kids, and it was Gosselaar himself who insisted that Dustin Diamond was right for the part as he believed Diamond was Screech in real life. Lisa Turtle was originally conceived as a rich Jewish princess from Long Island, spoiled, materialistic, and obsessed with shopping. The school principal, Mr. Gerald Belding, as originally conceived on Good Morning, Miss Bliss, was an older, humorless man, and was played in the 1987 pilot by character actor Oliver Clark. After the show was retooled for Disney Channel, the characters first name was changed to Richard and he was recast, the rest of the cast was fired, and Engel sought to replace them with new characters who would complement the old ones. The first of the new characters, A. C. Slater, was conceived as a young John Travolta type who would be an army brat and he was originally conceived of as Italian-American. However, when all efforts to cast the character were unsuccessful, two days later, Mario Lopez, a dancer and drummer of Latino descent from Kids Incorporated auditioned for the role. Lopez was, by far, the best actor who auditioned, for Kelly Kapowski, the love interest of both Zack and Slater, producers were able to narrow the field down to three actresses, Tiffani-Amber Thiessen, Elizabeth Berkley, and Jennie Garth. Engel had originally met Thiessen in 1988 while casting for Good Morning and he wanted her for the role, believing she had the perfect all-American girl appeal for the role, while others felt that Berkley, as the more experienced actress, would be a more reliable choice. Ultimately, Engel convinced the others after a read-through with Lopez, Engel and the other producers did not want to lose Berkley, however, as she was the strongest actress theyd seen during casting. Berkley originally auditioned for the role of Karen, a love-interest of Zacks on Good Morning, Miss Bliss, Engel believed that, now that her height was more even with the rest of the cast, she could be perfect. Rounding out the new cast was real-life magician Ed Alonzo as Max, the owner of the gangs frequent cafe hangout, The Max, who frequently performed magic tricks. Alonzos role, however, would only last through the end of the first season
19.
Extra (TV program)
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Extra is an American syndicated television newsmagazine that is distributed by Warner Bros. Television Distribution and premiered on September 5,1994, the series was developed in the fall of 1993, for a planned launch during the 1994–95 television season. The program was developed under the working title Entertainment News Television, however due to claims that it too closely mirrored its own name, Entertainment Television filed a lawsuit against Warner Bros. The program was anchored by Dave Nemeth and Arthel Neville. Neville joined the program after a run as anchor at New Orleans ABC affiliate WVUE-TV. In September 2002, Telepictures debuted a series, Celebrity Justice. News, actress/producer Tracey Edmonds and SportsNation-turned-Fox Sports Live co-host Charissa Thompson were added to replace her as co-hosts, mario Lopez – weekday and weekend anchor Tracey Edmonds – co-host Charissa Thompson – co-host Renee Bargh – weekend co-anchor/correspondent A. J. The program is taped at Universal Studios Hollywood each Monday through Friday from 10,00 a. m. to 4,00 p. m, the program won its first Emmy Award in 2014, tying with Entertainment Tonight for Best Entertainment News Program. Only the weekday editions of the program are broadcast outside the U. S. the 44-minute weekend edition is distributed domestically. In Canada, the editions of the program airs on a day-behind basis on Omni Television after 1,00 a. m. with a rebroadcast after 5,00 a. m. In Australia, the editions of Extra began airing on the Nine Network on July 2,2012. Extra currently airs at 1pm weekdays, official website Extra at the Internet Movie Database
20.
Dancing with the Stars
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Currently the format has been licensed to over 42 territories. Versions have also produced in dozens of countries across the world. The dancers are then scored by a panel of judges, viewers are given a certain amount of time to place votes for their favourite dancers, either by telephone or online. The couple with the lowest combined score provided by the judges and this process continues until there are only two or three couples left, when they have competed for the last time one couple is declared the champion and wins a trophy. There have been a total of 377 winners of Dancing with the Stars around the world, country of origin Currently airing Upcoming or returning No longer airing The Chinese version is a co-production between mainland Chinas HBS and Hong Kongs TVB, under licence from the BBC. In mainland China it is aired on Hunan Television and in Hong Kong on TVB Jade, the Chinese title is difficult to translate, but could be rendered as Miracle Dancing or Miracles of Dance Moves. The official English title is Strictly Come Dancing, each broadcaster provides five male and five female dancers, for a total of twenty. Pairs were determined by audience SMS votes, the programme began airing in late 2007, in order to mark the anniversary of the 1997 handover of Hong Kong from the UK to the Peoples Republic of China. The Indian version is called Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa and it was first broadcast in September 2006 on Sony Entertainment Television. A lot of people confuse Dancing With The Stars with Nach Baliye which airs on StarPlus, Nach Baliye and Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa have similar content and presentation but there are minor differences in the concept. The celebrity dancers on Nach Baliye are real life couples, the dancers on Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa have one celebrity paired with a trained dancer/choreographer. A notice at the end of the show verifies that the Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa is indeed a version of Dancing With The Stars and it has the same title as the 1996 movie by the same name, but it has no relation to it beyond the shared name. This one ran from 8 April 2006, to 17 March 2007 on NTV-4, the show has aired on MBC TV since June 10,2011, and is hosted by Lee Deok-hwa, with co-host Lee So-ra in Season 1 while former contestant Kim Gyu-ri co-hosted the second season. The first season was won by Moon Hee-joon and his partner Ahn Hye-sang while the season was won by Choi Yeo-jin. The 3rd Season was won by pop-singer and dancer Fei and her partner Kim Soo Ro, nachley is the Pakistani version of Dancing with the Stars. The show is aired on ARY Digital and its theme is based around traditional Pakistani music, the first Peruvian reality show based on Dancing With The Stars was Baila con las estrellas, hosted by Rebeca Escribens and broadcast on Panamericana Televisión on Saturday afternoon. The show had 2 series, then it was cancelled and this show was hosted by Gisela Valcárcel and Giancarlo Chichizola and aired every Saturday night. The show was like Dancing With The Stars, but instead of professional dancers and they danced every week in order to win a prize, to achieve a personal/humanitarian goal or dream
21.
24 (TV series)
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24 is an American crime thriller television series produced for the Fox network, created by Joel Surnow and Robert Cochran, and starring Kiefer Sutherland as counter terrorist agent Jack Bauer. Each season, comprising 24 episodes, covers 24 hours in Bauers life using the real method of narration. Premiering on November 6,2001, the show spanned 192 episodes over eight seasons, in addition, a television film,24, Redemption, was broadcast between seasons six and seven, on November 23,2008. 24 returned as a 12-episode series titled 24, Live Another Day,24, Legacy, a spin-off series featuring new characters, premiered on February 5,2017, after Super Bowl LI. Throughout the series most of the plot elements unfold like a political thriller. At the conclusion of its season,24 became the longest-running U. S. espionage/counterterrorism-themed television drama ever. 24 is a drama that stars Kiefer Sutherland as Jack Bauer. Each episode typically follows Bauer, officials in the U. S. government, the episodes take place over the course of one hour, depicting events as they happen, in real time. Season 1 begins at midnight on the day of the California presidential primary, Season 2, set 18 months later, begins at 8,00 a. m. Season 3, set three years later, begins at 1,00 p. m, Jack must infiltrate a Mexican drug cartel to seize a deadly virus being marketed underground. President Palmer must deal with potential scandal that could cost him his presidency, Season 4, set 18 months later, begins at 7,00 a. m. Jack must save the lives of his new boss, Secretary of Defense James Heller, Season 5, set 18 months after, begins at 7,00 a. m. Jack is believed to be dead by everyone except a few of his closest friends and he is forced to resurface when some of those friends are murdered and he is framed by terrorists with connections to the American government. The acquisition of nerve gas by the terrorists poses a new threat, Season 6, set 20 months later, begins at 6,00 a. m. Jack is released after being detained in a Chinese prison following the events of Season 5, terrorists who hold a vendetta against Jack plot to set off suitcase nuclear devices in America. Later, Jack is forced to choose between those he loves and national security when the Chinese set their sights on sensitive circuitry that could trigger a war between the U. S. and Russia. Redemption, set years later, begins at 3,00 p. m. Jack finds himself caught up in a coup in the fictional African nation of Sangala
22.
Haven (TV series)
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Haven is an American-Canadian supernatural drama television series loosely based on the Stephen King novel The Colorado Kid. The show, which deals with events in a fictional town in Maine named Haven, is filmed on the South Shore of Nova Scotia, Canada. The show is the creation of writers Jim Dunn and Sam Ernst, the one-hour drama premiered on July 9,2010, on Syfy, and concluded on December 17,2015. On January 28,2014, the show was renewed for a split 26-episode fifth season, the first half aired in 2014, while the second half aired in the last quarter of 2015. In August 2015, Syfy cancelled the series five seasons. With an openness to the possibility of the paranormal, she finds a more personal link in Haven that may lead her to the mother she has never known. As the series progresses, she learns more about the mysteries of both Haven and her true identity, in September 2009, E1 Entertainment announced it was working with Stephen King to develop a television series based on his novel The Colorado Kid. The entertainment company ordered the concept straight to series, with thirteen episodes planned, in November, Syfy announced it had acquired the series. Sam Ernst and Jim Dunn wrote the pilot episode, in February 2010, Emily Rose was cast in the lead role of Audrey Parker. Eric Balfour and Lucas Bryant came on board in late March, Canadian broadcaster Canwest Global Communications acquired rights to the series in March as well. In April 2010, Adam Kane signed on to direct the pilot, production began April 20 in Halifax, Nova Scotia and surrounding areas. Filming occurred primarily in Chester, Nova Scotia and throughout the shore of the Canadian province, including Lunenburg, Halifax. The series premiere, Welcome to Haven, aired on Syfy in the U. S. on July 9,2010, the show became available to other international markets in October 2010. The one-hour drama premiered on July 9,2010, on Syfy, the series was the first property to be produced for Syfy Pay channels around the globe, excluding Canada and Scandinavia. On October 12,2011, it was renewed for a third 13-episode season, on November 9,2012, it was renewed for a fourth 13-episode season. On January 28,2014, the show was renewed for a split 26-episode fifth season, the first half aired in 2014 with the second half airing in 2015. Haven premiered to mixed reviews critics, with its first season attaining a metascore of 53 according to review aggregator Metacritic. Allusions to the works of author Stephen King are made in the series regularly
23.
Skyline (2010 film)
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Skyline is a 2010 alien invasion science fiction thriller film produced and directed by Brothers Strause, directors of Aliens vs. Predator, Requiem. The film was released on November 12,2010 and it stars Eric Balfour, Scottie Thompson, Brittany Daniel, Crystal Reed, David Zayas and Donald Faison. Skyline was a box office success, grossing nearly $79 million worldwide against its $10–20 million budget, the brothers stated before the films release that they were already working on a sequel. Jarrod and his girlfriend Elaine have flown to Los Angeles for Jarrods best friend Terrys birthday party and they celebrate with Terrys wife, Candice, and his assistant, Denise. During the party, one of Terrys employees, Ray, welcomes Jarrod to L. A. thinking he has moved there to join Terrys special effects company, during a private argument about whether or not they should move, Elaine reveals she is pregnant. The next morning, blue lights descend from the sky, hypnotizing anyone who looks at them, the light affects them physically, causing them to become zombie-like. Any immobilized humans are collected by the light machines, Ray is taken, but Jarrod is saved when Terry tackles him, and he slowly returns to normal. He and Terry go to the apartment roof to investigate the lights and they see large alien spaceships descending through the clouds and vacuuming up thousands of screaming people. They are attacked by one of hundreds of flying alien drones, as they attempt to open the door before the alien can get them, Elaine quickly opens it from the other side and accidentally looks directly into the aliens light. The alien hypnotizes Elaine with its light, but Jarrod and Terry are able to save her. Back in the apartment, Jarrod believes the water would be a safer place, since there are no machines over the sea. They attempt to reach the marina by car, splitting into two cars, Terry and Denise in the first, followed by everyone else in the other and they encounter a bickering couple, Colin and Jen, also getting ready to flee the building. As Terrys car exits the garage it is flattened by a massive two-legged alien, Denise is killed but Terry escapes. As he begins to run he is abducted, the others run back into the garage, where they encounter another alien lifeform in the shape of a large multi-tentacled squid that takes Colin. It corners the rest of the group before the buildings concierge, Oliver and they find Colin is still alive inside the creature. As they try to free him, the creature comes back to life, sucking out Colins brain. As they run back into the building, Jen is abducted, only one stealth plane gets through the carnage and just before it gets destroyed it fires a nuclear missile, hitting the mothership. The huge detonation blows the ship apart which crashes, but minutes later as the mushroom cloud clears, after Jarrod tells Elaine that the alien light made him feel powerful, he is adamant that safety must be found outside
24.
Party of Five
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Party of Five is an American television teen drama created by Christopher Keyser and Amy Lippman that originally aired on Fox for six seasons from September 12,1994 to May 3,2000. Notable co-stars included Scott Grimes, Paula Devicq, Jeremy London, however, in 1996, Party of Five won the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama, after which ratings and popularity grew for the majority of the remainder of the series. A spin-off starring Hewitt debuted on the network in 1999, Time of Your Life, the show, set in San Francisco, centered on the five Salinger siblings, who become orphans after their parents are killed in a car accident caused by a drunk driver. The siblings take over the running of their familys restaurant, Salingers, Charlie initially serves as bartender and manager, and later Bailey takes over. Matthew Fox as Charlie Salinger, the sibling who struggles to live his own life in the reluctant role of legal guardian to his brothers and sisters. Immature and insecure, he dropped out of college his senior year to find himself and was planning to re-enroll when his parents put him as legal guardian to his younger siblings. Scott Wolf as Bailey Salinger, the sibling who is forced to grow up fast. Neve Campbell as Julia Salinger, highly intelligent, emotionally sensitive teen who struggles to adjust to being an orphan, lacey Chabert as Claudia Salinger, a gifted violinist struggling to build a life for herself and also deal with being an orphan. The role of the youngest, Owen Salinger, was recast three times as the character grew. He was played by Alexander and Zachary Ahnert in the episode, Brandon and Taylor Porter as an infant, Andrew and Stephen Cavarno as a preschooler. His character was aged faster than time, in a television process known as SORAS-ing. Paula Devicq as Kirsten Bennett Thomas Salinger, graduate student who is hired as Owen Salingers nanny, Scott Grimes as Will McCorkle, Baileys best friend from high school. Michael Goorjian as Justin Thompson, Julias friend, and later boyfriend, Jennifer Love Hewitt as Sarah Reeves Merrin, Baileys sensitive, off-and-on girlfriend from high school who struggles also to find herself. Alexondra Lee as Callie Martel, Baileys roommate during his first year at college, Jeremy London as Griffin Chase Holbrook, moody and troubled teenager whom Julia becomes involved with. The character was portrayed by James Marsden in one first-season episode. Jennifer Aspen as Daphne Jablonsky, an erotic dancer who becomes involved with Charlie. The following lists all actors who appeared in five or more episodes during the run of the show, the show was created by the team of Christopher Keyser and Amy Lippman and produced by Columbia Pictures Television and High Productions. CPT would later be folded into Columbia TriStar Domestic Television, which afterward became Sony Pictures Television
25.
I Know What You Did Last Summer
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I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Jim Gillespie. The film is based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan. The film also draws inspiration from the legend known as The Hook. The film stars Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe and Freddie Prinze, Jr. with Anne Heche, Bridgette Wilson, and Johnny Galecki appearing in supporting roles. I Know What You Did Last Summer centers on four friends who are being stalked by a killer, the film was directed by Jim Gillespie, from a screenplay written by Kevin Williamson, writer of Scream. I Know What You Did Last Summer received mixed reviews from critics and it was also nominated for and won multiple awards. As a result, the film has been parodied and referenced in popular culture, the film was followed by two sequels, I Still Know What You Did Last Summer and the straight-to-DVD release Ill Always Know What You Did Last Summer. On the Fourth of July, four recent high-school graduates — Julie, her boyfriend Ray, Julies best friend Helen, while driving, Ray becomes distracted, hitting a pedestrian. Julie convinces him everything is okay, so he leaves, the group decides to dispose of the body. At the docks, the man revives, but falls into the water, a year later, Julie is home from college for the summer. She receives a letter stating, I know what you did last summer and she tells Barry and Helen about the note, Barry suspects Max. The trio go to the docks where Max works as a fisherman, Barry threatens Max with a hook. Julie discovers that Ray works there, he tries reconciling with Julie and that evening, Max is secretly killed by a figure in a rain slicker wielding a hook. Barry discovers a note in his gym locker containing a picture of his car, going outside, Barry is almost run over by the slicker-wearing figure, driving Barrys car. Julie believes that the person they hit was David Egan, Ray still suspects Max, while Julie and Helen think the killer may be a relative of Egans. They head out to the Egan home and they find Davids sister Missy, who explains that Davids death devastated their family. Missy tells them that a classmate, Billy Blue, paid his respects after David died, as Helen prepares for the Fourth of July parade. The killer sneaks into her house, cuts off her hair and writes, as Julie rushes to Helens house, she finds Maxs corpse in her trunk
26.
Ghost Whisperer
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Ghost Whisperer is an American television supernatural drama series, which ran on CBS from September 23,2005, to May 21,2010. The series follows the life of Melinda Gordon, who has the ability to see, while trying to live a normal life as possible—she is married and owns an antique store—Melinda helps earthbound spirits resolve their problems and cross over into the light, or the spirit world. Her tasks are difficult and at times she struggles with people who push her away, in addition, the ghosts are mysterious and sometimes menacing in the beginning and Melinda must use the clues available to her to understand the spirits needs and help them. The show was created by John Gray and was produced by Sander/Moses Productions, executive producer, on May 18,2010, CBS canceled the show after five seasons. Melinda Gordon is a woman from the town of Grandview, New York. Melinda lives with her husband, Jim Clancy, and later their son Aiden and she owns a shop called Same As It Never Was Antiques. Ghosts seek Melindas help in relaying a message or completing a task that will put the spirit to rest and those who died with unfinished business become earthbound and cannot cross over, and Melinda, as their earthly representative, helps them to find peace. The show does not present the ghosts as having sinned, rather it is the spirits own guilt that condemns them, the series also starred Aisha Tyler as Andrea Marino, Melindas best friend, who runs the antique shop with her. Andrea is killed in the first-season finale, during the second season, Melinda meets Delia Banks, a struggling real estate agent who forms a friendship with Melinda and who eventually agrees to run the antique shop with her. Delia is shocked to find out about Melindas abilities, in fact, Delia eventually accepts Melindas gift, though she remains skeptical at times. Delia has a son named Ned Banks who finds out about Melindas gift long before his mother does, Melinda also forms a friendship with Rick Payne, a professor at Rockland University. He helps Melinda solve the conflicts of ghosts throughout the second and he departs in the fourth-season premiere for an expedition in the Himalayas. Ghost Whisperer is based in part on the work of Mary Ann Winkowski, development of the show dates back to at least two years before its premiere. James Van Praagh was a producer and consultant on the show. The show was produced by Sander/Moses Productions in association with CBS Television Studios, the show was filmed on the Universal Studios back lot in Los Angeles. One area on the lot is Courthouse Square from the Back to the Future trilogy, for example, the clock tower in Back to the Future has been completely covered up. The front of Melinda and Jims house is also the set used by the Finch family in the film adaptation of To Kill A Mockingbird. Cast and crew said they believed that the set got visits from real spirits
27.
The Monster Squad
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The Monster Squad is a 1987 horror comedy film written by Shane Black and Fred Dekker and directed by Dekker, Peter Hyams was one of the executive producers. It was released by Tri-Star Pictures on August 14,1987, the film features the Universal Monsters, led by Count Dracula. They, in turn, combat a group of kids out to keep them from controlling the world. The Monster Squad is a club of pre-teenagers who idolize classic monster-movies and they hold meetings at a tree-clubhouse in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The diary describes, in detail, an amulet that is composed of concentrated good. One day out of every century, as the forces of good and evil reach a balance, nevertheless, Dracula seeks to obtain the amulet so that he can take control of the world and plunge it into darkness. Dracula then steals a crate from a B-25 Mitchell in flight, containing Frankensteins monster, however, Frankensteins monster is reluctant to aid Dracula, and wanders into the forest where he encounters Phoebe. Rather than being afraid, she shows him the kindness he has always sought, after Phoebe proves to the Monster Squad that Frankensteins monster is not evil, he chooses to help the boys instead of Dracula. The amulet turns out to be buried in a room beneath a house that Dracula and the other monsters now occupy. The secret room is littered with wards which prevent the monsters from taking it, the Monster Squad finds and removes the amulet and narrowly escape Draculas grasp. The German informs them that the incantation must be read by a female virgin, as midnight approaches, the Squad makes their way to a local cathedral to make their last stand. Unfortunately, the doors to the cathedral are locked, so the incantation must be read on the stoop and they enlist Patricks beautiful elder sister Lisa to help them, as shes the only virgin they know. Unfortunately, with running out, the incantation fails since Lisa is actually not a virgin anymore. In the ensuing battle, Draculas consorts, the Mummy, the Gill-man, Dracula arrives and is about to kill Phoebe when Frankensteins monster intervenes, impaling him on a wrought-iron fence. Phoebe finishes the incantation, opening the portal which begins to consume the bodies of the monsters, Dracula, still alive, attempts to drag Sean in with him. Sean impales Dracula with a stake, then Van Helsing appears, having briefly escaped from Limbo. Although Phoebe tries to hold him, Frankensteins monster is also sucked into the portal. The portal then closes, ensuring the worlds safety, in the aftermath, the United States Army arrives on the scene, having received a letter from Squad member Eugene earlier on asking for their help against the monsters
28.
Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman
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The television series ran on CBS for six seasons, from January 1,1993 to May 16,1998. In total,149 episodes were produced, plus two television movies which were made after the series was canceled and it aired in over 100 countries, including Denmark, the United Kingdom, France, Canada and Bulgaria on BNT and later on NOVA television. Since 1997, reruns have been shown in syndication and on Freeform, Ion Television, the Hallmark Channel, Eleven Australian, CBS Drama, UP, and INSP. The series begins in the year 1867 and centers on a proper and wealthy female physician from Boston, Massachusetts, Michaela Quinn, after her fathers death, she sets out west to the small wild west town of Colorado Springs, to set up her own practice. She makes the adjustment to life in Colorado with the aid of rugged outdoorsman and friend to the Cheyenne, Byron Sully. After Charlotte is bitten by a rattlesnake, she asks Michaela on her deathbed to look after her three children, Matthew, Colleen, and Brian. Dr. Mike settles in Colorado Springs and adapts to her new life as a mother, with the children, furthermore, she acts as a one-woman mission to convince the townspeople that a female doctor can successfully practice medicine. Jane Seymour – Dr. Timothy Johnson Henry G. Sanders – Robert E. Andrew Cook Jason Leland Adams – George Armstrong Custer, CBS aired a second, hour-long episode the next night in order to attract and maintain the audiences attention. The pilot served more as a made-for-television movie – or mini-series suggestion – which could either be developed later into a series or remain as a stand-alone two-hour movie. CBS ordered the show picked up immediately for the full season, the show made some imperative casting changes, however. Several pilot leads and a few of the supporting cast were replaced, Henry Sanders was recast as Robert E. He also acquired the ability to speak English, allowing him to act as a liason alongside Sully. Veteran actress Jane Seymour, labeled a mini-series queen, was a last-minute casting choice for Michaela Quinn after reading the script only a day before production was set to begin on the pilot, the next day she began the wardrobe fittings for the series. There were various cast changes of minor characters during the series, the most controversial change took place during the shows third season when the character of Colleen Cooper was recast halfway through the year. Unlike the other actors, who signed contracts with the show. She held out for an increase in her salary and refused to sign a contract unless offered a contract of less than five years, or an increase in salary. Rumors circulated that Floress father gave her an ultimatum to end the contract unless they offered her more money, Flores has denied such rumors, saying that she left the series for personal reasons and to pursue other opportunities. Whatever the reasons, the actress was abruptly dismissed with little warning by CBS after the show declined to meet her requests, Beth Sullivan decided that she wanted the character to continue instead of being killed off or sent away
29.
Corey Hart (singer)
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Corey Mitchell Hart is a Canadian singer, best known for his hit singles Sunglasses at Night and Never Surrender. He has sold over 16 million records worldwide and scored nine US Billboard Top 40 hits, in Canada Hart has amassed 30 Top 40 hits, including 11 in the Top 10, over the course of 30 years in the music industry. He has also honoured by the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Hart was born on May 31,1962, in Montreal, Quebec and his paternal grandfather was a Ukrainian Jewish immigrant, while Coreys mother was from a Romanian Jewish family. Hart grew up in Montréal, Spain, Mexico City and Key Biscayne and he became fluent in three languages due to his upbringing in diverse locations. Harts parents separated when he was 10 years old, Hart then returned to Montreal to live with his mother and older brother Robbie. He shared a close relationship with his mother, to whom Harts first album was dedicated. Harts lack of contact and intimacy with his father pained him throughout his life and coloured many of his compositions, Harts first experience as a performing artist came at age 11, when he sang Ben for Tom Jones in Miami. He also recorded songs with Paul Anka in Las Vegas during this time period, in 1980 Hart represented Canada in the World Popular Song Festival in Tokyo, marking his first public performance of original material. Hart also met Grammy-winning singer-songwriter Christopher Cross at the competition, Back in Canada, Hart reached out to Billy Joel who was on tour in the Montreal area at the time. Joels backup band contacted him and Hart ended up recording demos with them in Long Island. Hart worked with several other Canadian studio musicians on demos before finally signing to a label, Aquarius Records. Several songs on his first album, such as The World is Fire, Harts debut album, First Offense, was recorded at Revolution Recording Studios in Manchester, England in the spring of 1982. It was produced by Jon Astley and Phil Chapman, released in 1983, First Offense featured the US Billboard Top 10 hit song Sunglasses at Night and Top 20 follow-up single It Aint Enough. The album went platinum in the United States and quadruple platinum in Canada, First Offense initially received a modest response upon its Canadian release. It was only after garnering US success in the summer of 1984 that he became a superstar in his native Canada and it was slow going in Canada when my album was first released. It had sold around 12,000 copies, I remember sitting dolefully in the Capitol offices in Toronto with Deane Cameron and him making an urgent phone call to EMI in Los Angeles. He was pushing and pleading for a rep of the US label to see me perform live
30.
Donna Summer
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LaDonna Adrian Gaines, better known by her stage name Donna Summer, was an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She gained prominence during the era of the late 1970s. Summer has reportedly sold over 140 million records, making her one of the worlds best-selling artists of all time and she also charted two number-one singles on the R&B charts in the U. S. and one number-one in the U. K. Summer earned a total of 32 hit singles on the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in her lifetime, with 14 of those reaching the top ten. She claimed a top 40 hit every year between 1975 and 1984, and from her first top ten hit in 1976, to the end of 1982, she had 12 top ten hits, more than any other act. She returned to the Hot 100s top five in 1983, and her most recent Hot 100 hit came in 1999 with I Will Go With You. While her fortunes on the Hot 100 waned through those decades, while influenced by the counterculture of the 1960s, Summer became the lead singer of a psychedelic rock band named Crow and moved to New York City. Joining a touring version of the musical Hair, she left New York and spent several years living, acting, and singing in Europe and she became known as the Queen of Disco, while her music gained a global following. Summer died on May 17,2012, at her home in Naples, in her obituary in The Times, she was described as the undisputed queen of the Seventies disco boom who reached the status of one of the worlds leading female singers. Giorgio Moroder described Summers work with him on the song I Feel Love as really the start of electronic dance music, in 2013, Summer was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In December 2016, Billboard Magazine ranked her as the 6th most successful dance artist of all-time, laDonna Adrian Gaines was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to Andrew and Mary Gaines, and was one of seven children. She was raised in the Boston neighborhood of Mission Hill and her father was a butcher and her mother was a schoolteacher. Summers performance debut occurred at church when she was eight years old and she later attended Bostons Jeremiah E. Burke High School where she performed in school musicals and was considered popular. In 1967, just weeks before graduation, Donna left for New York where she joined the rock band Crow. After they were passed on by a label that was only interested in the bands lead singer. Summer stayed in New York and auditioned for a role in the counterculture musical and she landed the part of Sheila, and agreed to take the role in the Munich production of the show, moving there after getting her parents reluctant approval. Summer eventually became fluent in German, singing songs in that language, and participated in the musicals Ich bin ich, Godspell. Within three years, she moved to Vienna, Austria, and joined the Vienna Volksoper and she briefly toured with an ensemble vocal group called FamilyTree, the creation of producer Günter Yogi Lauke
31.
Dim All the Lights
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Dim All the Lights is a song by American recording artist Donna Summer that bowed at #70 on 25 August 1979 and peaked at #2 on 10–17 November 1979 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was blocked from becoming the number one hit from the album by Heartache Tonight by the Eagles the first week. Taken from her Bad Girls album and produced by her longtime collaborator Giorgio Moroder with Pete Bellotte and this was the third Hot 100 top two single from the album and her sixth consecutive Hot 100 top five single. Summer had released Hot Stuff and Bad Girls and, later, Dim All the Lights was another massive hit for her, reaching number two on the US Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and number 29 on the UK Singles Chart. Like Hot Stuff and Bad Girls before, Dim All The Lights, Dim All the Lights was Summers only hit single that she wrote alone. She had originally intended to give the song to Rod Stewart, the song was nominated for Best Disco Recording at the 22nd Grammy Awards in 1980. According to Billboard, the song is about sex, the recording is remarkable for a sustained note held by Summer for about sixteen seconds. The records flip side, There Will Always Be a You, album version –4,407 version –3,5912 version –7,09 Laura Branigan had a Top 40 Dance hit in 1995 with her cover version. The single version appears on her US hits collection, The Best of Branigan, in 2007, the song was sampled by the French electronic duo Justice, for the song B. E. A. T. Which is a re-edit of their song D. A. N. C. E
