Lewis (lifting appliance)
A lewis is one of a category of lifting devices used by stonemasons to lift large stones into place with a crane, chain block, or winch. It is inserted into a specially prepared hole, or seating, in the top of a stone, preferably above its centre of mass. It works by applying principles of the lever and utilises the weight of the stone to act on the long lever-arms, which in turn results in a very high reaction force and friction where the short lever-arms make contact with the stone inside the hole and thereby prevents slipping.
Lewises in a stonemasonry workshop
Chain lewis
Split-pin lewis
Three-legged lewis
Stonemasonry or stonecraft is the creation of buildings, structures, and sculpture using stone as the primary material. Stonemasonry is the craft of shaping and arranging stones, often together with mortar and even the ancient lime mortar, to wall or cover formed structures.
A 15-storey apartment building in La Tourette (Marseille), designed by Fernand Pouillon. Constructed using the massive precut stone method.
Gobekli Tepe, early monumental Neolithic stonemasonry using flint-carved limestone columns (~9500 BCE).
12th-century stonemasonry at Angkor Wat
Diamond-wire saw in use for quarrying marble.