1.
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
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The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, branded as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian crown corporation that serves as the national public radio and television broadcaster. Although some local stations in Canada predate CBCs founding, CBC is the oldest existing broadcasting network in Canada, Radio services include CBC Radio One, CBC Radio 2, Ici Radio-Canada Première, Ici Musique and the international radio service Radio Canada International. Television operations include CBC Television, Ici Radio-Canada Télé, CBC News Network, Ici RDI, Ici Explora, Documentary Channel, the CBC operates services for the Canadian Arctic under the names CBC North and Radio-Canada Nord. The radio service employed commercials from its inception to 1974, since then, its primary radio networks, like the BBC, have been commercial-free. However, in the fall of 2013, CBCs secondary radio networks Radio 2, in 1929, the Aird Commission on public broadcasting recommended the creation of a national radio broadcast network. A major concern was the influence of American radio broadcasting as U. S. -based networks began to expand into Canada. Meanwhile, Canadian National Railways was making a network to keep its passengers entertained and give it an advantage over its rival. This, the CNR Radio, is the forerunner of the CBC, Graham Spry and Alan Plaunt lobbied intensely for the project on behalf of the Canadian Radio League. In 1932 the government of R. B. Bennett established the CBCs predecessor, the CRBC took over a network of radio stations formerly set up by a federal Crown corporation, the Canadian National Railway. The network was used to broadcast programming to riders aboard its passenger trains, with coverage primarily in central, on November 2,1936, the CRBC was reorganised under its present name. While the CRBC was a company, the CBC was a Crown corporation on the model of the BBC. Leonard Brockington was the CBCs first chairman, for the next few decades, the CBC was responsible for all broadcasting innovation in Canada. This was in part because, until 1958, it was not only a broadcaster and it used this dual role to snap up most of the clear-channel licences in Canada. It began a separate French-language radio network in 1937 and it introduced FM radio to Canada in 1946, though a distinct FM service wasnt launched until 1960. Television broadcasts from the CBC began on September 6,1952, with the opening of a station in Montreal, Quebec, the CBCs first privately owned affiliate television station, CKSO in Sudbury, Ontario, launched in October 1953. From 1944 to 1962, the CBC split its English-language radio network into two known as the Trans-Canada Network and the Dominion Network. The latter, carrying lighter programs including American radio shows, was dissolved in 1962, on July 1,1958, CBCs television signal was extended from coast to coast. The first Canadian television show shot in colour was the CBCs own The Forest Rangers in 1963, colour television broadcasts began on July 1,1966, and full-colour service began in 1974
2.
French language
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French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages, French has evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues doïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to Frances past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, a French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is a language in 29 countries, most of which are members of la francophonie. As of 2015, 40% of the population is in Europe, 35% in sub-Saharan Africa, 15% in North Africa and the Middle East, 8% in the Americas. French is the fourth-most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union, 1/5 of Europeans who do not have French as a mother tongue speak French as a second language. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 17th and 18th century onward, French was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, most second-language speakers reside in Francophone Africa, in particular Gabon, Algeria, Mauritius, Senegal and Ivory Coast. In 2015, French was estimated to have 77 to 110 million native speakers, approximately 274 million people are able to speak the language. The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie estimates 700 million by 2050, in 2011, Bloomberg Businessweek ranked French the third most useful language for business, after English and Standard Mandarin Chinese. Under the Constitution of France, French has been the language of the Republic since 1992. France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, French is one of the four official languages of Switzerland and is spoken in the western part of Switzerland called Romandie, of which Geneva is the largest city. French is the language of about 23% of the Swiss population. French is also a language of Luxembourg, Monaco, and Aosta Valley, while French dialects remain spoken by minorities on the Channel Islands. A plurality of the worlds French-speaking population lives in Africa and this number does not include the people living in non-Francophone African countries who have learned French as a foreign language. Due to the rise of French in Africa, the total French-speaking population worldwide is expected to reach 700 million people in 2050, French is the fastest growing language on the continent. French is mostly a language in Africa, but it has become a first language in some urban areas, such as the region of Abidjan, Ivory Coast and in Libreville. There is not a single African French, but multiple forms that diverged through contact with various indigenous African languages, sub-Saharan Africa is the region where the French language is most likely to expand, because of the expansion of education and rapid population growth
3.
Grey's Anatomy
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Greys Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on American Broadcasting Company as a mid-season replacement on March 27,2005. The series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents and attending physicians, as they evolve into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives. The title is a play on Grays Anatomy, a human anatomy textbook by Henry Gray. The shows premise originated with Shonda Rhimes, who serves as a producer, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding. Although it is set in Seattle at the fictional Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital it is filmed in Los Angeles. The show was originally titled Complications, a reference to the complicated medical procedures, the series was created to be racially diverse, utilizing a color-blind casting technique. It revolves around the title character Dr. Meredith Grey played by Ellen Pompeo. The original cast consisted of nine star-billed actors, Pompeo, Sandra Oh, Katherine Heigl, Justin Chambers, T. R. Knight, Chandra Wilson, James Pickens Jr. Isaiah Washington and Patrick Dempsey. The cast has undergone changes through the shows run, with many members leaving and being replaced by others. In its twelfth season, the show had an ensemble of sixteen actors. On February 10,2017, ABC renewed Greys Anatomy for a fourteenth season,3 drama on all of broadcast. Greys Anatomy has been received by critics throughout much of its run. Since its inception, the show has been described by the media outlets as a television phenomena or a juggernaut, owing to its longevity and dominant ratings. It is considered to have had a significant impact on culture and has received numerous awards. It has received multiple Emmy nominations, including two for Outstanding Drama Series, in 2012, Greys Anatomy was named the fifth-highest revenue earning show, in terms of advertising per half-hour. It is the longest running scripted primetime show airing on ABC. The series follows Meredith Grey, the daughter of a general surgeon named Ellis Grey. The residents are joined by Jackson Avery and April Kepner, former Mercy-West residents who join Seattle Grace following an administrative merger in the sixth season
4.
Tout le monde en parle (Quebec)
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It has been adapted from the since-cancelled French show of the same name, created and hosted by Thierry Ardisson. It is a show recorded in front of an audience. Every week, the show welcomes, on the set, personalities from different spheres of interest, politics, sport, show, literature, journalism, religion, affairs. They usually have part in news of the week, and although they are mostly Quebeckers. They get invited to discuss, freely express themselves and share their opinions on hot topics or on topics related to them. Sometimes it consists of interviews or games, sometimes only discussion, a co-host dubbed Le fou du roi, meanwhile, must react promptly and spontaneously, in a humorous way, to the ongoing debate. Since the debut of the show, the host is Guy A. Lepage, a member of the sketch comedy group Rock et Belles Oreilles. Le fou du roi is Dany Turcotte, former member of the comedy group Groupe sanguin. For the December 3,2006 edition, Guy A. Lepage was momentarily replaced by Véronique Cloutier so Lepage could participate in an interview with RBO
5.
Les Boys
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Les Boys is a 1997 Quebec-made comedy film directed by Louis Saia. It has spawned three sequels and by any measure is the most successful Quebec made film series of all time, the plot revolves around the players on a hockey team that play in a low level amateur hockey league. The team is sponsored by a pub owner, whose son desperately wants to play hockey with the older men, the film starts at the time of the league championship, at which time the team is soundly thrashed in the final. Meanwhile, the pub owner is losing at poker to the head of the organized crime syndicate. Given the opportunity to pay him back, the owner can only raise $25,000, after threatening to break his leg, the crime boss proposes another wager - a game between Les Boys and his own team. If Les Boys win, the debt is settled, but if they lose, in the week leading up to the big game, a number of sub plots emerge. Chief among them is the fact that most of the partners of the players are starved for affection and intimacy. Their primary complaint is that their men are consumed by work or hockey to the exclusion of their relationships. Meanwhile, the doctor is attempting to get the pubs attractive waitress to notice him, but she only has eyes for the teams best player, the hunky, when game day arrives, the waitress has waylaid the mechanic on the pretext that her car needs work. The rest of the show up to find themselves faced with a team of ringers. Naturally, they overcome all obstacles and triumph, the gay lawyer is outed by his reunion with his lover, translating Les Boys to English poses obvious difficulties as the word Boys is borrowed directly from English. As with most examples of English words borrowed into Quebec French, it is treated grammatically as a French noun, literally, the title could be translated as The Boys, and this is the title used for English versions on videotape or DVD. Surprisingly, this is one of very few Quebec made feature films to deal with ice hockey, outsiders often underestimate the importance of hockey to Canadian culture, and particularly to Quebec culture. Les Boys cost about $3,300,000. to make, given the size of the Quebec market, a $6 million box office is the approximate equivalent of over $250 million for a domestic U. S. release. Its three sequels were also the best performing films at the Quebec box office in the years they were released, despite its box office success, no one claims that Les Boys is a great film masterpiece. The plot of a wager or task based on a debt is very common in film. The farcical sexual escapades that surround the plot are very familiar to French cinema. The relationship between the gay lawyer and his lover could have been lifted directly from La Cage aux Folles, however, French audiences generally enjoy the film far more than English audiences
6.
Desperate Housewives
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Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry, and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions. It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC, from October 3,2004 to May 13,2012, executive producer Cherry served as showrunner. Other executive producers since the season included Bob Daily, George W. Perkins, John Pardee, Joey Murphy, David Grossman. The storyline covers 13 years of the womens lives over eight seasons, the series features an ensemble cast, headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer, Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo, Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp, and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis. Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young, appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences, Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike. It won multiple Primetime Emmy, Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards, from the 2004–05 through the 2008–09 television seasons, its first five seasons were rated amongst the top 10 most watched series. In 2012, it remained the most-watched comedy series based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide. Moreover, it was the third-highest revenue earning series for 2010, the show placed #56 on Entertainment Weeklys New TV Classics list. In 2011, it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season, by the end of the series, it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes. The main mystery of the season is the suicide of Mary Alice Young. The second season premiered on September 25,2005, and its central mystery is that of new neighbor Betty Applewhite, Susans love life becomes even more complicated as her ex-husband Karl Mayer is engaged to Edie and is also started to incline towards Susan. Lynette goes back to her career in advertising while her husband Tom Scavo becomes a father, and Gabrielle decides to be faithful to Carlos. Paul is framed and sent to jail not for the murder he committed in the previous season, the third season premiered on September 24,2006. In the third season, Bree marries Orson Hodge, whose past, meanwhile, Lynette has to adjust to the arrival of Toms previously unknown daughter to the home. The Scavos also experience tension as Tom wants to start a pizzeria, Gabrielle goes through a rough divorce, but finally finds new love in Fairviews new mayor. After being run over by Orson in the season finale, Mike falls into coma. Edie sees her chance to make her move on Mike, Susan loses hope that Mikes memory will return and in the process moves on to a handsome Englishman whose wife is also in a coma, while her daughter Julie Mayer starts dating Edies nephew. Elderly neighbor Karen McCluskey hides something in her freezer, a shooting at the local grocery store leaves two characters dead and changes everyones lives forever
7.
SpongeBob SquarePants
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SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon. The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character, the series popularity has made it a media franchise, as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon, and the most distributed property of MTV Networks. As of 2015, the franchise has generated $12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon. Many of the ideas for the series originated in an educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone. SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy, and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy. Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1,1999, following the television airing of the 1999 Kids Choice Awards. The series officially premiered on July 17,1999 and it has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season. A feature film, The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie, was released in theaters on November 19,2004, on July 21,2012, the series was renewed and aired its ninth season, beginning with the episode Extreme Spots. The series has won a variety of awards, including six Annie Awards, eight Golden Reel Awards, in 2011, a newly described species of fungi, Spongiforma squarepantsii, was named after the cartoons title character. The series revolves around its title character and his various friends, SpongeBob SquarePants is an energetic and optimistic sea sponge who lives in a sea pineapple and loves his job as a fry cook at the Krusty Krab. He has a pet snail, Gary, who meows like a cat, living two houses down from SpongeBob is his best friend Patrick Star, a dim-witted yet friendly pink starfish who lives under a rock. Despite his mental setbacks, Patrick still sees himself as intelligent, Squidward Tentacles is SpongeBobs next-door neighbor and co-worker at the Krusty Krab. Squidward is an arrogant and ill-tempered octopus who lives in an Easter Island moai and he enjoys playing the clarinet and painting self-portraits, but hates his job as a cashier. Another close friend of SpongeBob is Sandy Cheeks, a squirrel from Texas and she is a scientist and an expert in karate. She lives in an oak tree entrapped in a glass dome locked by an airtight. When outside of her dwelling, she wears an astronaut-like suit because she cannot breathe underwater, Mr. Krabs, a miserly crab obsessed with money, is the owner of the Krusty Krab restaurant and SpongeBobs boss. Krabs has a teenage daughter named Pearl, whom he values equally with his riches. His rival, Plankton, is a small green copepod who owns a low-rank fast-food restaurant called the Chum Bucket, located across the street from the Krusty Krab. Plankton spends most of his time planning to steal the recipe for Mr. Krabss popular Krabby Patty burgers, so as to gain the upper hand
8.
Un gars, une fille
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Un gars, une fille is the title of a Quebec comedy television series created by and starring Guy A. Lepage and broadcast on Radio-Canada, as well as the title of its French adaptation on France 2. It is one of the most successful Quebec television shows, with a concept exported to more than thirty markets around the world and it is the first Québécois television programme to be adapted in the United States. The show spawned several international versions, most notably a French TV series of the same name, a typical episode features several vignettes of the everyday life of a couple, with the camera mostly centered on them. Often other characters are cropped, giving the programme its unique visual style, the couple receive friends for supper, go to the convenience store, or leave on a trip, and sometimes get on each others nerves. Their quirks, and loving bickering, provide much of the programs humor, the character names are often those of the actors, as in the first version. The concept of Un gars, une fille began in the 1990s as a series of short segments featured on Besoin damour, Lepage, a veteran of the renowned comedy troupe Rock et Belles Oreilles, played one half of the couple along with Sylvie Léonard. The duo reprised their roles in what became Un gars une fille in 1997 and it was celebrated numerous times at awards presentations, notably winning the Gémeaux, Félix, and MetroStar Awards. It was also nominated twice at the American Emmy Awards, produced by Avanti Ciné Vidéo, the show aired from 1997 to 2003 in its initial run, and continued in reruns afterward. 130 episodes were produced, which included about 4,000 scenes, the script writing team included RBO members André Ducharme and Bruno Landry, as well as Sylvie Léonard herself. Yves P. Pelletier, also from RBO, has been featured onscreen, after the series concluded in 2003, Lepage went on to produce and host the hugely successful Tout le monde en parle, adapted from the eponymous French hit talk-show. A standard episode is presented in three acts, each of which is split into five to seven scenes, the two main characters, Guy et Sylvie, are named after the actors who play them. Guy likes to tease Sylvie on a variety of subjects, and his father is remarried to a young, good-looking stripper, Mélanie, played by Mahée Paiement, and had a child with her. The attention the child receives makes Guy jealous, his father having spent little time with him when he was a child, unlike Guy, Sylvie dreams of having a baby. She is jealous of Geneviève, Guys sexy, and promiscuous and she is also obsessed with cleanliness and resents Guy for being untidy. A curious running gag from the show involves Guy surprising Sylvie by grabbing her breasts from behind while shouting Road Runner, followed by the cartoon characters emblematic honking beeb beeb sound. While she ostensibly loves it, she pretended the exact opposite when it was brought up by Guy in front of her mother. This joke was developed on the set by the two actors, the last season saw notable developments, a marriage, and a trip to Vietnam to adopt a little girl. The Bulgarian version, known as Тя и той aired from 2002 to 2005 on bTV, in 2007, the show moved to Foxlife and the fourth season began airing
9.
The Simpsons
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The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series is a depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa. The show is set in the town of Springfield and parodies American culture, society, television. The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks, Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family, substituting Bart for his own name. The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19,1987. After a three-season run, the sketch was developed into a prime time show and became an early hit for Fox. Since its debut on December 17,1989,615 episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast and its 28th season began on September 25,2016. It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program, the Simpsons Movie, a feature-length film, was released in theaters worldwide on July 27,2007, and grossed over $527 million. On May 4,2015, the series was renewed for seasons 27 and 28, on November 4,2016, the series was renewed for seasons 29 and 30, consisting of 22 episodes each. The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine or ten seasons, Time named it the 20th centurys best television series, and Erik Adams of The A. V. Club named it televisions crowning achievement regardless of format, on January 14,2000, the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series, including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards,30 Annie Awards, Homers exclamatory catchphrase Doh. has been adopted into the English language, while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms. Despite this, the show has also criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years. The Simpsons are a family who live in a fictional Middle American town of Springfield, Homer, the father, works as a safety inspector at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, a position at odds with his careless, buffoonish personality. He is married to Marge Simpson, a stereotypical American housewife, although the family is dysfunctional, many episodes examine their relationships and bonds with each other and they are often shown to care about one another. The family owns a dog, Santas Little Helper, and a cat, Snowball V, renamed Snowball II in I, both pets have had starring roles in several episodes. The show includes an array of supporting characters, co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople. The creators originally intended many of these characters as jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town
10.
ER (TV series)
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It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television, in association with Warner Bros. ER follows the life of the emergency room of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago, Illinois. The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history and it won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards, including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award, and received 124 Emmy nominations, which makes it the most nominated drama program in history. ER won 116 awards in total, including the Peabody Award, in 1974, author Michael Crichton wrote a screenplay based on his own experiences as a resident physician in a busy hospital emergency room. The screenplay went nowhere and Crichton focused on other topics, in 1990, he published the novel Jurassic Park, and in 1993 began a collaboration with director Steven Spielberg on the film adaptation of the book. Crichton and Spielberg then turned to ER, but decided to film the story as a pilot for a television series rather than as a feature film. Spielbergs Amblin Entertainment provided John Wells as the executive producer. The script used to shoot the pilot was virtually unchanged from what Crichton had written in 1974. Because of a lack of time and money necessary to build a set, the episode of ER was filmed in the former Linda Vista Hospital in Los Angeles. After Spielberg had joined as a producer, NBC ordered six episodes, ER premiered opposite a Monday Night Football game on ABC and did surprisingly well. Then we moved it to Thursday and it just took off, ERs success surprised the networks and critics alike, as David E. Kelleys new medical drama Chicago Hope was expected to crush the new series. Crichton remained executive producer until his death in November 2008, although he was credited as one throughout that entire final season. Wells, the other initial executive producer, served as showrunner for the first three seasons. He was one of the shows most prolific writers and became a director in later years. Lydia Woodward was a part of the first season production team and she took over as showrunner for the fourth season while Wells focused on the development of other series, including Trinity, Third Watch, and The West Wing. She left her executive position at the end of the sixth season. Joe Sachs, who was a writer and producer of the series, believed keeping a commitment to medical accuracy was important, Wed bend the rules. A medication that would take 10 minutes to work might take 30 seconds instead, a 12- to 24-hour shift gets pushed into 48 minutes
11.
Acadiana
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Acadiana, or The Heart of Acadiana, is the official name given to the French Louisiana region that is home to a large Francophone population. Many are of Acadian descent and are now identified as Cajun, of the 64 parishes that make up the U. S. state of Louisiana,22 named parishes and other parishes of similar cultural environment make up this intrastate region. The word Acadiana reputedly has two origins and its first recorded appearance dates to the mid-1950s, when a Crowley, Louisiana, newspaper, the Crowley Daily Signal, coined the term in reference to Acadia Parish, Louisiana. However, KATC television in Lafayette independently coined Acadiana in the early 1960s, giving it a new, broader meaning, founded in 1962, KATC was owned by the Acadian Television Corporation. In early 1963, the ABC affiliate received an invoice erroneously addressed to the Acadiana Television Corp, someone had typed an extra a at the end of the word Acadian. The station started using it to describe the region covered by its broadcast signal, the public, however, prefers the one-word place name Acadiana to refer to the region. The official term appears on maps and highway markers. Today, numerous business, governmental and nonprofit organizations incorporate Acadiana in their names, notably KLFY-TV, the regional CBS affiliate, used the term in its very successful Hello News branding campaign as Hello Acadiana. In 1965, Thomas J. Arceneaux designed a flag for Acadiana, Arceneaux was a professor at University of Southwestern Louisiana, now University of Louisiana at Lafayette. He derived the flag from the university seal, in 1974, the Louisiana legislature officially adopted Arceneauxs design as the official Acadiana flag. The gold tower on the red field represents Spain, which was governing Louisiana when the Acadians arrived, the flag is used in a variety of ways in the Acadiana region. Some local governments fly the flag of Acadiana with their respective local colors, many residents of Acadiana fly the flag on their homes or businesses. Many consider it a symbol of the historic and present socio-economic ties that bind the region, cajuns are the descendants of 18th-century Acadian exiles from what are now Canadas Maritime Provinces, expelled by the British and New Englanders during and after the French and Indian War. They prevail among the regions visible cultures, but not everyone who lives in Acadiana is culturally Acadian or speaks Cajun French, similarly, not everyone who is culturally Acadian or Cajun is descended from the Acadian refugees. German settlers found their way to area as early as 1721. Since the late 20th century, political refugees from southeast Asia have brought their families, cultures, and languages to the area, Acadiana is home to several Native American tribes, including the Chitimacha, Houma, Tunica-Biloxi, Attakapas, and Coushatta. The region also boasts a population of Creoles, descendants of the regions original Old World settlers who arrived in Louisiana before. Acadiana also is home to ethnic groups, including Anglo-Americans
12.
Bagatelle
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A bagatelle variant using fixed metal pins, billard japonais, eventually led to the development of pachinko and pinball. Bagatelle is also related to miniature golf. Table games involving sticks and balls evolved from efforts to bring outdoor games like billiards, croquet. Pins took too long to reset when knocked down, so they were fixed to the table. Players could ricochet balls off the pins to achieve the harder scorable holes, quite a number of variations on this theme were developed. In 1777 a party was thrown in honour of Louis XVI and the queen at the Château de Bagatelle, recently erected at great expense by the kings brother, Bagatelle from Italian bagattella, signifies a trifle, a decorative thing. The highlight of the party was a new game featuring a slender table and cue sticks. The game was dubbed bagatelle by the count and shortly after swept through France, the name Bagatelle was first used to describe such a game in 1819. Its dimensions soon standardised at 7 feet by 21 inches, some French soldiers carried their favorite bagatelle tables with them to America while helping to fight the British in the American Revolutionary War. Beethovens Bagatelle, Op.33 No.5 may be a musical pun and reference to the game
13.
Bobino (TV series)
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Its stories revolved around Bobino and his sister Bobinette. The cast is complemented by a number of characters which never appear on screen. Bobino was created in 1957 as the host and presenter of animated shorts by Guy Sanche, in 1959, Michel Cailloux joined the production team to write new scenarios which had been written entirely by Sanche until that point. Cailloux introduced a number of new characters over the years, including Bobinette the boisterous little sister of Bobino, Bobinette was originally handled and voiced by Paule Bayard, who became gravely ill in 1973. Christine Lamer took the character over starting at the end of the 1972-1973 season until the shows end, radio-Canada ended the show in 1985 causing a flurry of protest and petitions to keep it on the air. However, Sanches health was deteriorating and was no able to continue hosting the show. Sanche died three years later of cancer, the live action segments were cut in three acts, separated by two animated shorts. The music used for the generic of Bobino is named Double March and is credited to composer Dwight Barker, Dwight Barker is in fact the penname of the compositor duo formed by Tommy Reilly and James Moody. Bobino et Botinette were adapted into a strip by Norbert Fersen
14.
The Forest Rangers
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The Forest Rangers was a Canadian television series that ran from 1963 to 1965. It was a co-production between CBC Television and ITC Entertainment and was Canadas first television show produced in colour, executive producer Maxine Samuels founded the show. The series ran for three seasons, a total of 104 30-minute colour episodes, early episodes of the series were broadcast in serialized form as part of a CBC childrens series entitled Razzle Dazzle, hosted by Alan Hamel and Michelle Finney. This was the first appearance in a series by Gordon Pinsent. He left the series in 1965 to star in Quentin Durgens, in 1966 the series was adapted into a comic strip by British comics artist John Gillatt, which appeared in the British comic magazine Tiger. In June 2004, there was a reunion for ex-cast and fans just south of Kleinburg, six of the ex-junior rangers appeared and Peter Tully flew in from his home in Ireland. Another reunion occurred 15 June 2013 at the studios where the show was filmed. This time nine junior rangers and Gordon Pinsent were in attendance, the shows first season was released on DVD by Imavision in early 2007. There are two episode order lists and this episode list is in sequence by filming date order. The other list is in sequence by episode title order, some episodes were given different titles on film to those given in the TV guides of different countries
15.
Les Invincibles
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Les Invincibles is a comedy/drama television series from Radio-Canada produced by Casablanca Productions and Alliance Atlantis Vivafilm. In 2006, the show won an Olivier for best drama series, the third and last season ended on March 25,2009. A remake of the series was made in France, filming began in Strasbourg in August 2008 and the show was broadcast on the Franco-German Arte network in Fall 2009. Official site Les Invincibles at the Internet Movie Database
Programs broadcast on Canadian television
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