1.
Southeast Asia
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Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies near the intersection of geological plates, with seismic and volcanic activity. Southeast Asia consists of two regions, Mainland Southeast Asia, also known historically as Indochina, comprising Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar. Maritime Southeast Asia, comprising Indonesia, East Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, East Timor, Brunei, Cocos Islands, definitions of Southeast Asia vary, but most definitions include the area represented by the countries listed below. All of the states are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the area, together with part of South Asia, was widely known as the East Indies or simply the Indies until the 20th century. Sovereignty issues exist over some territories in the South China Sea, Papua New Guinea has stated that it might join ASEAN, and is currently an observer. Southeast Asia is geographically divided into two subregions, namely Mainland Southeast Asia and Maritime Southeast Asia, Mainland Southeast Asia includes, Maritime Southeast Asia includes, The Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India are geographically considered part of Southeast Asia. Eastern Bangladesh and the Seven Sister States of India are culturally part of Southeast Asia, the eastern half of Indonesia and East Timor are considered to be biogeographically part of Oceania. Homo sapiens reached the region by around 45,000 years ago, homo floresiensis also lived in the area up until 12,000 years ago, when they became extinct. Austronesian people, who form the majority of the population in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, East Timor. Solheim and others have shown evidence for a Nusantao maritime trading network ranging from Vietnam to the rest of the archipelago as early as 5000 BC to 1 AD. The peoples of Southeast Asia, especially those of Austronesian descent, have been seafarers for thousands of years and their vessels, such as the vinta, were ocean-worthy. Magellans voyage records how much more manoeuvrable their vessels were, as compared to the European ships, Passage through the Indian Ocean aided the colonisation of Madagascar by the Austronesian people, as well as commerce between West Asia and Southeast Asia. Gold from Sumatra is thought to have reached as far west as Rome and this was later replaced by Hinduism. Theravada Buddhism soon followed in 525, in the 15th century, Islamic influences began to enter. This forced the last Hindu court in Indonesia to retreat to Bali, in Mainland Southeast Asia, Burma, Cambodia and Thailand retained the Theravada form of Buddhism, brought to them from Sri Lanka. This type of Buddhism was fused with the Hindu-influenced Khmer culture, very little is known about Southeast Asian religious beliefs and practices before the advent of Indian merchants and religious influences from the 2nd century BCE onwards. Prior to the 13th century CE, Hinduism and Buddhism were the religions in Southeast Asia
2.
Brunei
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Brunei, officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace, is a sovereign state located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the country is surrounded by the state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang, Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo, the remainder of the islands territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Bruneis population was 408,786 in July 2012, the maritime state was visited by Spains Magellan Expedition in 1521 and fought against Spain in the 1578 Castille War. During the 19th century, the Bruneian Empire began to decline, the Sultanate ceded Sarawak to James Brooke and installed him as the White Rajah, and it ceded Sabah to the British North Borneo Chartered Company. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate and was assigned a British resident as colonial manager in 1906, after the Japanese occupation during World War II, in 1959 a new constitution was written. In 1962, an armed rebellion against the monarchy was ended with the help of the British. Brunei gained its independence from the United Kingdom on 1 January 1984, Economic growth during the 1990s and 2000s, with the GDP increasing 56% from 1999 to 2008, transformed Brunei into an industrialised country. It has developed wealth from petroleum and natural gas fields. Brunei has the second-highest Human Development Index among the Southeast Asian nations, after Singapore, according to the International Monetary Fund, Brunei is ranked fifth in the world by gross domestic product per capita at purchasing power parity. The IMF estimated in 2011 that Brunei was one of two countries with a debt at 0% of the national GDP. Forbes also ranks Brunei as the fifth-richest nation out of 182, based on its petroleum, according to legend, Brunei was founded by Awang Alak Betatar, later to be Sultan Muhammad Shah. He moved from Garang, a place in the Temburong District to the Brunei River estuary, according to legend, upon landing he exclaimed, Baru nah, from which the name Brunei was derived. He was the first Muslim ruler of Brunei, before the rise of the Bruneian Empire under the Muslim Bolkiah Dynasty, Brunei is believed to have been under Buddhist rulers. It was renamed Barunai in the 14th century, possibly influenced by the Sanskrit word varuṇ, the word Borneo is of the same origin. In the countrys name, Negara Brunei Darussalam, darussalam means abode of peace. The people are pagans and are men of goodwill and their colour is whiter than that of the other sort. in this island justice is well administered. One of the earliest Chinese records is the 977 AD letter to Chinese emperor from the ruler of Po-ni, which some scholars believe to refer to Borneo
3.
Muslim
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A Muslim is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion. Muslims consider the Quran, their book, to be the verbatim word of God as revealed to the Islamic prophet. They also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad as recorded in traditional accounts, Muslim is an Arabic word meaning one who submits. Most Muslims will accept anyone who has publicly pronounced Shahadah as a Muslim, the shahadah states, There is no god but the God and Muhammad is the last messenger of the God. The testimony authorized by God in the Quran that can found in Surah 3,18 states, There is no god except God, which in Arabic, is the exact testimony which God Himself utters, as well as the angels and those who possess knowledge utter. The word muslim is the active participle of the verb of which islām is a verbal noun, based on the triliteral S-L-M to be whole. A female adherent is a muslima, the plural form in Arabic is muslimūn or muslimīn, and its feminine equivalent is muslimāt. The Arabic form muslimun is the stem IV participle of the triliteral S-L-M, the ordinary word in English is Muslim. It is sometimes transliterated as Moslem, which is an older spelling, the word Mosalman is a common equivalent for Muslim used in Central Asia. Until at least the mid-1960s, many English-language writers used the term Mohammedans or Mahometans, although such terms were not necessarily intended to be pejorative, Muslims argue that the terms are offensive because they allegedly imply that Muslims worship Muhammad rather than God. Other obsolete terms include Muslimite and Muslimist, musulmán/Mosalmán is a synonym for Muslim and is modified from Arabic. In English it was sometimes spelled Mussulman and has become archaic in usage, the Muslim philosopher Ibn Arabi said, A Muslim is a person who has dedicated his worship exclusively to God. Islam means making ones religion and faith Gods alone. The Quran states that men were Muslims because they submitted to God, preached His message and upheld His values. Thus, in Surah 3,52 of the Quran, Jesus disciples tell him, We believe in God, and you be our witness that we are Muslims. In Muslim belief, before the Quran, God had given the Tawrat to Moses, the Zabur to David and the Injil to Jesus, who are all considered important Muslim prophets. The most populous Muslim-majority country is Indonesia, home to 12. 7% of the worlds Muslims, followed by Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Egypt. About 20% of the worlds Muslims lives in the Middle East and North Africa, Sizable minorities are found in India, China, Russia, Ethiopia. The country with the highest proportion of self-described Muslims as a proportion of its population is Morocco
4.
Tutong District
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Tutong is a district in Brunei and its capital is Pekan Tutong or Tutong Town. The district borders the South China Sea to the north, the Bruneian district of Brunei and Muara and the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the east and it has a population of 35,200, and covers 1,303 km². The Sungai Tutong river flows through Tutong, the government schools are mainly administered under the Ministry of Education. There are 30 primary schools,5 secondary schools and one sixth form college in the district and these schools offer secondary education that leads to Brunei-Cambridge GCE O Level. The sole sixth form college of the district is the Tutong Sixth Form Centre, all of the private schools above offer kindergarten and primary education. Tutong has the largest lake in Brunei, Tasek Merimbun, which is surrounding the Tasek Merimbun Heritage Park, other places of interest in Tutong, Sungai Basong Recreation Park Seri Kenangan Beach
5.
Belait District
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Belait is the largest as well as the western-most district in Brunei. The word Belait is taken from the name of the inhabitants of Belait. The district is administered from the town of Kuala Belait, its capital, Belait is governed by an appointed District Officer. The current District Officer of Belait is Awang Haji Harris Bin Othman, other major towns include Seria town and Sungai Liang. The district borders the South China Sea to the north, the Bruneian district of Tutong to the east, the district covers 2,727 km2/1,052 mi², which is about half the area of the entire nation. The landscape of the district varies from the swamps and lowland forests near the coast to the montane rainforest in the interior parts of the district. The Belait River flows through Belait and it is the longest river in Brunei, the Belait River, together with its tributaries drains the district – the Belait district roughly corresponds to the drainage basin of the Belait River. The district is subdivided into 8 Mukims. These are often named after the most important town or village contained within and these are, Bukit Sawat Kuala Balai Kuala Belait Labi Liang Melilas Seria Sukang Each Mukim is composed of a number of villages or kampongs. The district has a population of around 70,000 people most of live in Kuala Belait. The native inhabitants of the district are the Belait People and together with the other Bumiputera races form a majority in the district, a minority of this population is ethnic Chinese, particularly those speaking Cantonese, Taishan, and Hakka. Ibans, Penans and other people make up the rest of the population. Also present are a community of expatriates mostly working with or associated with the oil. Although it is the second most populous district, it has the lowest average population density of all four due to its large area. The population distribution is uneven, the areas around the coast are more settled than the mountainous interior rainforests. The largest urban areas in terms of population are the administrative capital of Kuala Belait. The district is connected by the Seria/Lumut bypass to the Muara-Tutong highway to the east and by the Rasau Bridge to Sungai Tujoh, roads near the coast, particularly in the urban areas of Kuala Belait, Seria and Sungai Liang are mostly surfaced and in good condition. Roads towards the interior – Labi, Melilas and Sukang – are partially surfaced, the Japanese built a wooden set of rail lines from Badas to the coast during the Second World War
6.
Seria
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Seria is a town in the Belait District of Brunei Darussalam. Its full name is Pekan Seria, Seria was originally known as Padang Berawa which is Wild Pigeons Field in Malay. According to some facts, the name Seria came from the name given by the British authorities at that time, the Industrial Area is located near the place where oil was first discovered in the area in 1929. The first commercial oil well was spudded in 1929 in Padang Berawa on the west bank of the Seria river, Seria area was gazetted as municipal area in 1936. The town came under the authority of the Kuala Belait Sanitary Board which also had responsibility for the area of Kuala Belait. The invasion force continued oil drilling units and restoration of the oilfields began immediately under Sato, operation Ha-Go 2, the Japanese denial exercise commenced on 10 June 1945, the day of the Australian liberation forces landing at Muara. The fires could be seen 100 km out to sea, by 17 August 1945, when American fire fighting teams arrived,26 of the fires had been put out by oilfield staff assisted by a detachment of the Australian Royal Engineers. By November, production was restored, albeit stored in temporary tanks, Seria was also one of the centres of a small rebellion against the monarchy on 8 December 1962, which was suppressed by the British Army. This event became known as the Brunei Revolt, under the rule of His Majesty the late Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin, the town blossomed as commercial buildings such as the current shophouses along Jalan Sultan Omar Ali. Seria is located in the Belait District, in the mukim of the same name and it has an area of 0.603 km² The suburbs of Panaga are located to the west of the town while Kampong Baru is located to the east of the town. The administrative capital of the Belait district, Kuala Belait is located about 10 miles to the west and is linked to Seria by both road. Mukim Labi, also in the Belait district is located to the east of Seria, unlike the other municipal areas in the country, Pekan Seria is not divided into Kampung. However the neighboring kampung serve as suburbs to Seria, Panaga or Kampung Panaga is located between the towns of Kuala Belait and Seria. This large area can be subdivided into the following areas. This is home to a number of expatriates due to a large concentration of Brunei Shell housing. The head offices of Brunei Shell Petroleum is found in area as well as the well-known clubs Panaga Club. The Canadian Houses area along Jalan Tengah and this area consist of Shell housing facilities built in the style of Canadian log houses. The timber used to construct these houses were imported from Canada, the area around the Panaga Police Station and Sekolah Rendah Panaga
7.
Labi, Belait
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Labi is a mukim in the Belait District of Brunei, an administrative area made up of several Kampongs. Labi is renowned for the Labi Lime, as of 2006, Labi has a population of 2300. The current Penghulu is Haji Kamarhan bin Atma who was appointed on July 7,2003, local residents have to commute to Seria, Kuala Belait to continue their studies further. This clinic provides residents of Labi with outpatient and emergency treatment, mother and children services, blood sample drawing services. Labi ward, located on the Belait plains, is known locally for its agricultural products especially the limau labi. In 2003, it was estimated that Labi produced 607 metric tonnes of vegetables, nearly 1,700 metric tonnes of fruits and 170 metric tonnes of paddy
8.
St. Margaret's School, Brunei
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St. Margarets School is a school located in Seria, Brunei. The school was founded by Rev. Melling, a resident priest at St. Margarets Church, the first school was an old wooden building which was a vehicle repair shop, opposite St. Margarets Church. It started with three classes and had 60 children, the school was inaugurated by R. E. Hales, the Managing Director of British Malayan Petroleum Company on 8 April 1956, the school moved to its present site in 1959 which was given by the government. The official opening of the School By Mr R E Hales, in January 1960, the school opened a secondary section with Form 1. In February 1960, Mr John Heath took over as the principal, the ARCON building was inaugurated by the Managing Director of Brunei Shell Petroleum, Mr PM Linton, on 7 May 1961. The first batch of candidates from St Margaret’s entered the Brunei Certificate of Education in November 1962, a new class room block was inaugurated by the Bishop of Borneo on 26 Feb 1967, and the Principal’s Quarters werer completed in October 1967. Mr Curie took over for a short while as Acting Principal, Mr John Heath served the school as Principal until 1970. A new school block was opened in December 2011, give us grace to do what is right and strength to do what is difficult. May we always honour Your name, Education in Asia List of schools in Brunei stmargaretseria. org, the schools official website
9.
Meragang Sixth Form Centre
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Pusat Tingkatan Enam Meragang is a sixth form college located in Kampong Meragang, Brunei Darussalam. Opened in 2009, PTEM became the new campus for the former Pusat Tingkatan Enam Berakas, PTEM is a government institution administered by the Brunei Ministry of Education. Kampong Meragang is located along the Tutong-Muara Highway approximately 24 km from the capital Bandar Seri Begawan, PTEM currently serves 850 students with a teaching faculty of 110 local and international staff. List of schools in Brunei http, //www. moe. gov. bn/SitePages/Government. aspx http, //www. bt. com. bn/news-national/2016/05/18/27-students-among-world%E2%80%99s-best http, //www. bt. com
10.
University of Technology Brunei
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Universiti Teknologi Brunei, formerly known as Institut Teknologi Brunei is an engineering and technology university in Brunei that specializes in engineering, business and computing. ITB was established as a learning institution in 1986, offering Higher National Diploma programmes in Engineering, Business. ITB was upgraded to a university in 2008, early 2016, the name of the university was changed from Institut Teknologi Brunei into Universiti Teknologi Brunei. In November 1980, the Director of Education submitted a proposal to the government calling for the establishment of Institut Teknologi Brunei and he suggested that such an institution be created to expand the provision of technical education in Brunei Darussalam. A little less than two years later, in February 1982, the proposal was accepted by the government, as the physical establishment of the institute was expected to take some time to complete, Pusat Latihan Teknikal Brunei was developed and expanded as an embryo for the institute. Less than five months later, the institute took in its first intake of students, research efforts are focused on oil and gas, green technology and water. The newly established Centre for Innovative Engineering aims to become a centre for multidisciplinary translational research, the UTB Centre for Road Safety Studies was established to support Road Safety Policy and strategy development through research-generated evidence, date and recommendations. UTB is home to around 2,303 students and 140 faculty members and it has produced 4,483 HND graduates and 128 degree graduates. School of Computing and Informatics programmes are in Creative Computing, Computer Information Systems, school of Business programmes are in Economics, Accounting and Management. The Centre for Communication, Teaching and Learning supports the faculty and schools in terms of students’ language proficiencies, Communication Skills are designed to equip students to communicate in written and oral form in a Business or Engineering environment. Students learn through interactive videos, simulation, and practice sessions on how to be better communicators, Language Unit where Arabic, Korean, Japanese, Malay, and Mandarin Language classes are offered. The Melayu Islam Beraja Unit is a unit for every undergraduate in the university. At least a six in English Language at GCE Ordinary Level or an IELTS score of 6.0 or TOEFL minimum overall score of 550 or its equivalent. Units taken at BTEC/BDTVEC National Diploma must be relevant and related to the applied for
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