1.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
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Mystery Skulls
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Mystery Skulls is an American indie pop/electronica act that originated in Dallas, Texas but now operates out of Los Angeles, California. The project was formed in 2011 by Luis Dubuc after his previous project, Dubuc initially announced the project on August 8,2011 via the Mystery Skulls official Tumblr account, where he posted a video of the song Amazing. He later followed this post with a five song EP on December 30,2011, since then, Mystery Skulls has performed in cities across the country, signed with Warner Bros. Records, and has collaborated with artists such as Brandy Norwood. Dubuc continues to perform shows across the country, Ghost The Mystery Skulls have had three official music videos so far. The only official video to have at least a million views on YouTube is Paralyzed, several videos have been created for Mystery Skulls songs by their fans. The video follows Mystery Skulls, a similar to Scooby-Doos Mystery Inc. made up of members Vivi, Arthur. Ghost was so popular that Mangum decided to make a series of videos entitled Mystery Skulls Animated. The sequel to Ghost was released on April 15,2016 using the song Freaking Out, shiromori, a mysterious plant woman, hunts after a fox spirit but loses the trail until finding Lewiss locket. The plant woman chases after the fox spirit who turns out to be Mystery in disguise, while Lewiss restored spirit jacks a semi-truck to chase after Arthur and Vivi. The members of the Ghost Crew consist of the group that did the Ghost video save for two new members, they are Melyssa Denton and Chloe. During the end credits, Ben Mangum is again listed as Director and Animator, blake Hudson makes a dedication after the end credits to his papa, Tony King for believing in him. Afterwards, the song for the video is heard playing in the background. The video has done well, as of March 25,2017, another user, Marisol Aranda, under the screen name yuramec, released a homemade music video in 2015 with original characters with the song Magic. The video follows a necromancer and his assistant, as the necromancer summons ghosts to sing, the current video as of March 25,2017, has amassed 4.8 million views on YouTube and so far has not been taken down. Yet another user called Sleazeplanet has released a number of videos featuring music by Mystery Skulls, which include hits like Amazing, Ghost. Mystery Skulls on Bandcamp Mystery Skulls on Tumblr Mystery Skulls on Facebook Concert review, Homegrown Music and Art Festival at DFW. com
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Nile Rodgers
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Nile Gregory Rodgers, Jr. is an American record producer, songwriter, musician, composer, arranger and guitarist. He is the lead guitarist and co-founding member with Bernard Edwards of the band Chic and he is famed for his chucking rhythm guitar style. On April 7,2017, Rodgers will be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and his mother became pregnant at age 13, and gave birth to him in New York City. His parents and step-father were all Beat-niks, and heavy heroin users throughout his childhood, king, Betty Wright, Earl Lewis and the Channels, Parliament Funkadelic, and many other legendary R&B artists. In his teens Rodgers was a member of the Harlem chapter of the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense and he remains friendly with numerous former Panthers, including Professor Jamal Joseph. Nile met bassist Bernard Edwards in 1970 while working as a musician for the Sesame Street stage show. Together they formed The Big Apple Band, and worked as musicians for the vocal group New York City. New York Citys one hit allowed them to tour extensively, even opening for The Jackson 5 on the American leg of their first world tour in 1973, the band continued playing mostly local bars. As the Big Apple Band, Rodgers and Edwards worked with Ashford & Simpson, Luther Vandross, since another New York artist, Walter Murphy, had a band also called The Big Apple Band, Rodgers and Edwards were forced to change their bands name to avoid confusion. Thus, in 1977 the band was renamed as Chic, between gigs, they recorded their first album with then-boss Luther Vandross, who provided background vocals on the groups early recordings. The band scored numerous top ten hits and helped propel disco to new levels of popularity, Chics chart-topping songs Le Freak, I Want Your Love, Everybody Dance, Dance, Dance, Dance, My Forbidden Lover, and Good Times became club/pop/R&B standards. Le Freak was composed after being turned away from Studio 54, Le Freak was Atlantic Records only triple platinum selling single for more than 35 years and Good Times shot to the No.1 spot in spite of the Disco Sucks backlash in 1979. The success of Chics first singles led Atlantic to offer Rodgers and they chose Sister Sledge, whose 1979 album, We Are Family, peaked at No.3 and remained on the charts well into 1980. The first two singles, Hes the Greatest Dancer and the title cut We Are Family both reached No.1 on the R&B chart, and No.6 and No,2, respectively on the Pop chart. Hes the Greatest Dancer was sampled in 1998 on Will Smiths Gettin Jiggy Wit It, as the Chic Organizations tight sound became increasingly sought-after, Rodgers and Edwards began record production with numerous artists, together or individually. In 1980, Rodgers and Edwards wrote and produced the album Diana for Diana Ross, yielding the smash hits Upside Down, the Chic Organization produced the smash hit Spacer for French disco act Sheila and B. Devotion and Deborah Harrys 1981 solo album Koo Koo, Chic dissolved in 1983 after its final Atlantic album on their contract, Believer and Soup For One. At that time Rodgers began a career producing his first album Adventures in the Land of the Good Groove
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Brandy Norwood
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Brandy Rayana Norwood, known professionally as Brandy, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress. Born into a family in McComb, Mississippi and raised in Carson, California, she began her career as a child. In 1993, Norwood signed with Atlantic Records, the following year, she released her self-titled debut album, which was certified quadruple Platinum in the US, selling six million copies worldwide. Norwood starred in the UPN sitcom Moesha as the title character and her second album, Never Say Never, sold 16 million copies worldwide, featured two number one singles, and earned Norwood her first Grammy Award. This launched her international stardom, with films, endorsements, sold out concert tours. Throughout the 2000s, Norwood held a position in the pop industry. In 2002, she starred in the reality series Brandy, Special Delivery and her third and fourth albums, Full Moon and Afrodisiac, were released to critical and commercial success. She served as a judge on the first season of Americas Got Talent before being involved in a widely publicized car accident in 2006, after several lawsuits stemming from the accident, Norwoods fifth album, Human, was released to commercial failure. In the 2010s, Norwood received a critical and commercial resurgence, in 2010, she returned to television as a contestant on the eleventh season of Dancing with the Stars and starred in the reality series Brandy & Ray J, A Family Business. In 2012 she became a regular in the BET series The Game. In April 2015, Norwood made her Broadway debut in the musical Chicago and she starred in and executive produced a new sitcom Zoe Ever After on the BET network in January 2016. Throughout her career, she has sold over 40 million records worldwide, the Recording Industry Association of America lists Norwood as one of the top selling artists in the United States, with 10.5 million certified albums. Her work has earned her numerous awards and accolades, including a Grammy Award, one American Music Award and she is the older sister of entertainer Ray J, as well as a cousin of rapper Snoop Dogg. Raised in a Christian home, Norwood started singing through her fathers work as part of the church choir. In 1983, her parents relocated to Los Angeles, California, Norwood began entering talent shows by the time she was eleven, and, as part of a youth singing group, performed at several public functions. To manage her daughter, Norwoods mother soon resigned from her job, while Norwood herself dropped out of Hollywood High School later, and was tutored privately from tenth grade on. During the early stages of her debut album, Norwood was selected for a role in the ABC sitcom Thea. Norwood recalled that she appreciated the cancellation of the show as she was unenthusiastic about acting at the time, and she stated, I felt bad for everybody else but me
5.
Disco
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Disco is a genre of dance music containing elements of funk, soul, pop, and salsa. It achieved popularity during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, Disco can be seen as a reaction against both the domination of rock music and the stigmatization of dance music by the counterculture during this period. It was popular with men and women, from many different backgrounds. The disco sound often has several components, a beat, an eighth note or 16th note hi-hat pattern with an open hi-hat on the off-beat. In most disco tracks, string sections, horns, electric piano, Orchestral instruments such as the flute are often used for solo melodies, and lead guitar is less frequently used in disco than in rock. Many disco songs use electronic synthesizers, particularly in the late 1970s, well-known 1970s disco performers included Donna Summer, the Bee Gees, Boney M. KC and the Sunshine Band, The Trammps, Sylvester, Village People, Gloria Gaynor and Chic. While performers and singers garnered much attention, record producers working behind the scenes played an important role in developing the disco sound. Many non-disco artists recorded songs at the height of discos popularity. Disco was the last mass popular movement that was driven by the baby boom generation. Disco was a phenomenon, but its popularity drastically declined in the United States in 1980. Disco Demolition Night, an anti-disco protest held in Chicago on 12 July 1979, is thought of as a factor in discos fast. By the late 1970s most major U. S. cities had thriving disco club scenes, Studio 54, a venue popular amongst celebrities, is a well-known example of a disco club. Popular dances included the Hustle, a suggestive dance. Discotheque-goers often wore expensive, extravagant and sexy fashions, Disco clubs were also associated with promiscuity. Disco was a key influence on the 1980s electronic dance style called house. The term is derived from discothèque, by the early 1940s, the terms disc jockey and DJ were in use to describe radio presenters. During WWII, because of restrictions set in place by the Nazi occupiers, eventually more than one of these jazz venues had the proper name discothèque. By 1959, the term was used in Paris to describe any of these type of nightclubs and that year a young reporter named Klaus Quirini started to select and introduce records at the Scotch-Club in Aachen, West Germany
6.
Funk music
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Funk is a music genre that originated in the mid- 1960s when African American musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of soul music, jazz, and rhythm and blues. Like much of African-inspired music, funk typically consists of a groove with rhythm instruments playing interlocking grooves. Funk uses the same richly-colored extended chords found in jazz, such as minor chords with added sevenths and elevenths. Other musical groups, including Sly and the Family Stone and Parliament-Funkadelic, soon began to adopt, Funk samples have been used extensively in genres including hip hop, house music, and drum and bass. It is also the influence of go-go, a subgenre associated with funk. The word funk initially referred to a strong odor and it is originally derived from Latin fumigare via Old French fungiere and, in this sense, it was first documented in English in 1620. In 1784 funky meaning musty was first documented, which, in turn, in early jam sessions, musicians would encourage one another to get down by telling one another, Now, put some stank on it. At least as early as 1907, jazz songs carried titles such as Funky, as late as the 1950s and early 1960s, when funk and funky were used increasingly in the context of jazz music, the terms still were considered indelicate and inappropriate for use in polite company. According to one source, New Orleans-born drummer Earl Palmer was the first to use the word funky to explain to other musicians that their music should be made more syncopated, the style later evolved into a rather hard-driving, insistent rhythm, implying a more carnal quality. This early form of the set the pattern for later musicians. The music was identified as slow, sexy, loose, riff-oriented, a great deal of funk is rhythmically based on a two-celled onbeat/offbeat structure, which originated in sub-Saharan African music traditions. New Orleans appropriated the bifurcated structure from the Afro-Cuban mambo and conga in the late 1940s, New Orleans funk, as it was called, gained international acclaim largely because James Browns rhythm section used it to great effect. Funk creates an intense groove by using strong guitar riffs and bass lines, like Motown recordings, funk songs used bass lines as the centerpiece of songs. Slap basss mixture of thumb-slapped low notes and finger popped high notes allowed the bass to have a rhythmic role. In funk bands, guitarists typically play in a style, often using the wah-wah sound effect. Guitarist Ernie Isley of The Isley Brothers and Eddie Hazel of Funkadelic were notably influenced by Jimi Hendrixs improvised solos, Eddie Hazel, who worked with George Clinton, is one of the most notable guitar soloists in funk. Ernie Isley was tutored at an age by Jimi Hendrix himself. Jimmy Nolen and Phelps Collins are famous funk rhythm guitarists who both worked with James Brown, on Browns Give It Up or Turnit a Loose, Jimmy Nolens guitar part has a bare bones tonal structure
