1.
Victoria (Australia)
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Victoria is a state in southeast Australia. Victoria is Australias most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall, most of its population is concentrated in the area surrounding Port Phillip Bay, which includes the metropolitan area of its state capital and largest city, Melbourne, Australias second-largest city. Prior to British European settlement, the area now constituting Victoria was inhabited by a number of Aboriginal peoples. With Great Britain having claimed the entire Australian continent east of the 135th meridian east in 1788, Victoria was included in the wider colony of New South Wales. The first settlement in the area occurred in 1803 at Sullivan Bay, and much of what is now Victoria was included in the Port Phillip District in 1836, Victoria was officially created as a separate colony in 1851, and achieved self-government in 1855. Politically, Victoria has 37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12 seats in the Australian Senate, at state level, the Parliament of Victoria consists of the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. Victoria is currently governed by the Labor Party, with Daniel Andrews the current Premier, the personal representative of the Queen of Australia in the state is the Governor of Victoria, currently Linda Dessau. Local government is concentrated in 79 municipal districts, including 33 cities, although a number of unincorporated areas still exist, Victorias total gross state product is ranked second in Australia, although Victoria is ranked fourth in terms of GSP per capita because of its limited mining activity. Culturally, Melbourne is home to a number of museums, art galleries and theatres and is described as the sporting capital of Australia. The Melbourne Cricket Ground is the largest stadium in Australia, and the host of the 1956 Summer Olympics, Victoria has eight public universities, with the oldest, the University of Melbourne, having been founded in 1853. Victoria, like Queensland, was named after Queen Victoria, who had been on the British throne for 14 years when the colony was established in 1851. The first British settlement in the later known as Victoria was established in October 1803 under Lieutenant-Governor David Collins at Sullivan Bay on Port Phillip. In the year 1826 Colonel Stewart, Captain S. Wright, fly and the brigs Dragon and Amity, took a number of convicts and a small force composed of detachments of the 3rd and 93rd regiments. Victorias next settlement was at Portland, on the south west coast of what is now Victoria, edward Henty settled Portland Bay in 1834. Melbourne was founded in 1835 by John Batman, who set up a base in Indented Head, from settlement the region around Melbourne was known as the Port Phillip District, a separately administered part of New South Wales. Shortly after the now known as Geelong was surveyed by Assistant Surveyor W. H. Smythe. And in 1838 Geelong was officially declared a town, despite earlier white settlements dating back to 1826, days later, still in 1851 gold was discovered near Ballarat, and subsequently at Bendigo. Later discoveries occurred at sites across Victoria
2.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
3.
Census in Australia
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The census in Australia, or officially, the Census of Population and Housing, is a descriptive count of population of Australia on one night, and of their dwellings, generally held quinquennially. Participation in the census is compulsory, though answering some questions is optional, the count is taken every five years and is managed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The first Australian census was held in 1911, on the night of 2 April, in 1961 the five-year period was introduced. Censuses are held on the second Tuesday of August, the most recent was held on 9 August 2016. The cost of the 2011 census was $440 million, a separate census of Norfolk Island has been conducted by the Norfolk Island Government every five years since 1981, and occurs on the same day as the Australian census. The census examines data such as age, gender, incomes, occupations, dwelling types and occupancy, transportation modes, ancestry, languages spoken, the Census and Statistics Act 1905 led to the 1906 establishment of the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics. The Bureau was renamed the Australian Bureau of Statistics in 1975, the census is collected and published against geographic areas defined by the Australian Standard Geographical Classification. The ASGC provides a set of classifications for the dissemination of all ABS statistics. In 2007 the ABS published a set of spatial units called mesh blocks. The primary aim of mesh blocks is to provide a block for constructing alternative. Only data on persons and total dwellings is released at the mesh block level. Mesh blocks will form the basis of a new statistical geography, the traditional concept of a Collection District is that it was the area that one census collector can cover in about a ten-day period. In the 2001 census, collectors may be allocated more than one urban district because of their size. In urban areas collection districts average about 220 dwellings, in rural areas the number of dwellings per collection district reduces as population densities decrease. For the 2001 census there were 37,209 collection districts and 1,353 Statistical Local Areas defined throughout Australia, the Census and Statistics Act 1905 and Privacy Act 1988 guarantee that no personally-identifiable information is released from the ABS to other government organisations, or the public. However the ABS makes confidential census data available to researchers, who must make various legal commitments before being given access, in the 1970s there was public debate about privacy and the census. In 1979 the Law Reform Commission reported on Privacy and the Census, one of the key elements under question was the inclusion of names. It was found that excluding names reduced the accuracy of the data, individuals were likely to leave questions blank
4.
Postcodes in Australia
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Postcodes are used in Australia to more efficiently sort and route mail within the postal system. All postcodes in Australia have four digits and are placed at the end of the Australian address, Australian postcodes are managed by Australia Post. Postcodes are published in booklets available from post offices or online from the Australia Post website, Australian envelopes and postcards often have four square boxes printed in orange at the bottom right for the postcode. These are used when addressing mail by hand, use of the Australian postcode system commenced in 1967, implemented by the Postmaster-Generals Department, now called Australia Post. It replaced earlier postal sorting systems, such as Melbournes letter and number codes, if addressing a letter from outside Australia, the postcode is recorded before Australia. They are often linked with one area, due to post code rationalization, But are now sometimes they can be quite complex, especially in country areas. The south-western Victoria 3221 postcode of the Geelong Mail Centre also includes twenty places around Geelong with very few people and this means that mail for these places is not fully sorted until it gets to Geelong. Some postcodes cover large populations, while other postcodes have much smaller populations, Australian postcodes range from 0200 for the Australian National University to 9944 for Cannonvale, Queensland. Some towns and suburbs have two postcodes — one for deliveries and one for post office boxes. g. The Royal Brisbane and Womens Hospital has the postcode 4029, the Australian National University had the postcode 0200, more postcode ranges were made available for LVRs in the 1990s. Australia Post has been progressively discontinuing the LVR programme since 2006, Australian National Universitys postcode 0200 was the last LVR to be closed in September 2014. For example, postcode 2620 covers both a locality in NSW as well as a locality in the ACT, and postcode 0872 covers a number of localities across WA, SA, NT and QLD. Jervis Bay Territory, once an exclave of the ACT but now a territory, is geographically located on the coast of NSW. It is just south of the towns of Vincentia and Huskisson, Mail to the Jervis Bay Territory is still addressed to the ACT. The numbers used to show the state on each radio callsign in Australia are the number as the first number for postcodes in that state, e. g. 2xx in New South Wales, 3xx in Victoria. Radio callsigns pre-date postcodes in Australia by more than forty years, australias external territories are also included in Australia Posts postcode system. Capital city postcodes were the lowest postcodes in their state or territory range, before new ranges for LVRs, however, postcodes with the same second number are not always next to each other. As an example, postcodes in the range 2200–2299 are split between the suburbs of Sydney and the Central Coast of New South Wales
5.
Local government in Victoria
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Local government in the Australian state of Victoria describes the 79 municipal districts often referred to as local government areas. They are constituted as cities, shires, rural cities and, in one case, in addition to the LGAs, there are also 10 coastal islands and ski resorts which are unincorporated areas and administered either by the state or management boards. At present, the councils not controlled by administrators have a total of 611 councillors, after the elections in October 2016, this number will increase due to changes in electoral structure and administrators leaving some councils. Up till 1994 there had been 210 LGAs, when Jeff Kennett, the councils of Benalla and Mansfield split subsequent to this to arrive at the current number. Both bodies continued after the creation of Victoria as a separate colony, Road districts were established pursuant to legislation passed in 1853. From 1862 many road districts became shires pursuant to the District Councils Bill 1862, to become a shire, the road district had to be over 100 square miles in size and have annual rate revenue of over £1000. There were 96 road districts or shires created by 1865, promotion to town or city status was dependent on the gross revenue of the council. Such promotion was not automatic, but it was granted often, the clauses have been amended many times by parliament, but since 2006 the Constitution Act has required a referendum to further alter them. Five shires became rural cities but were dissolved with the 1994 restructure, in 1992 there were 65 cities in Victoria, more than there were in England at the time despite a significantly lower population. In 1994, the Jeff Kennett government restructured local government in Victoria and his reforms dissolved 210 councils and sacked 1600 elected councillors, and created 78 new councils through amalgamations. In suburban Melbourne 53 municipalities were reduced to 26, the new local government areas were headed by commissioners appointed by the State Government, democratically elected councils did not return until 1996. The current total of 79 LGAs arose when the Shire of Delatite was split in 2002 into the Rural City of Benalla and the Shire of Mansfield. A new City of Sunbury was proposed to be created from part of the City of Hume after the 2016 council elections, all local government areas are governed in a similar fashion, with an elected council, one of whom is the mayor. The City of Melbourne and the City of Greater Geelong have a elected mayor. The average area of a district within the Melbourne metropolitan area is 285 square kilometres. In practice, this is understood as referring to the distribution between urban centres and rural areas. The term borough, used of the Borough of Queenscliffe, is not defined by the act but has retained for the single borough which survived the reforms of the 1990s. Under the repealed Local Government Act 1958, boroughs, towns and cities were defined on the basis of area, population, in practice, boroughs were and are small towns
6.
South Gippsland Shire
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The Shire of South Gippsland is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the south-eastern part of the state. It covers an area of 3,305 square kilometres and and it includes the towns of Leongatha, Korumburra, Foster, Poowong and Mirboo North. It was formed in 1994 from the amalgamation of the former Shire of South Gippsland with the Shire of Mirboo, the Shire is named after the Gippsland region, in which the LGA occupies the southernmost portion, including Wilsons Promontory at the southern tip of the Australian continent. The council is composed of three wards and nine councillors, with three councillors per ward elected to represent each ward, the council meets in the council chambers at the council headquarters in the Leongatha Municipal Offices, which is also the location of the councils administrative activities. It also provides services at both its administrative centre in Leongatha, and its service centre in Mirboo North
7.
Lands administrative divisions of Australia
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Many property titles in Australia are listed as being in the parish and county. Parts of South Australia and Western Australia were similarly divided into counties, however South Australia has subdivisions of hundreds instead of parishes, along with the Northern Territory, which was part of South Australia when the hundreds were proclaimed. There were also formerly hundreds in Tasmania, Counties in Australia have no administrative or political function, unlike those in England, the United States or Canada. Australia instead uses local government areas, including shires, districts, councils and municipalities according to the state, below these are groups of land parcels known as deposited plans, registered plans or title plans. Queensland has registered plans, New South Wales and Western Australia have deposited plans, within these are individual land parcels such as lots, in total there are estimated to be about 10.2 million of these in Australia. Counties were used since the earliest British settlement in Australia, with the County of Cumberland proclaimed by Captain Phillip on 4 June 1788, in 1804 Governor King divided Van Diemens Land into two counties, Buckingham in the south and Cornwall in the north. The parishes date to the surveys conducted after 1825, with the given to Governor Brisbane on 23 Jun 1825 to divide the colony into counties, hundreds. At this time there were five counties already proclaimed in New South Wales, Cumberland, Westmoreland, Camden, Argyle, Counties were established soon after the foundation of other Australian colonies. Many of the counties have English names, often the names of counties in England, such as Devon, Dorset, Cornwall, less frequently, some have Aboriginal names such as the County of Yungnulgra in New South Wales, and County of Croajingolong in Victoria. Legal cases referenced counties, and many records for Australia in the 19th century list the county and parish for location of birth, deaths. Counties and parishes are still referenced in property law, and in industrial relations instruments, for example in a New South Wales award. Similar award examples exist in the states and territories that have been subdivided into counties. The County of Yancowinna is also the part of New South Wales which is in a different time zone to the rest of the state. Counties are also used on paperwork for mortgage securities in banks, Parishes and counties are also mentioned in definitions of electoral districts. Counties have since gone out of use in Australia, and are used or even known by most of the population today. The counties which contain the cities have millions of people, while those in remote areas have a very small population. The County of Adelaide, for instance, has a population than all the other counties in South Australia combined. Wangaratta, for instance, is located at the junction of the Ovens and King rivers, some of the county names live on by being the same name of present-day local government areas, general region names, towns or establishments in the area
8.
County of Buln Buln
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The County of Buln Buln is one of the 37 counties of Victoria which are part of the cadastral divisions of Australia, used for land titles. It was first proclaimed in government gazette on 24 Feb 1871 together with others from the Gipps Land District and it includes Wilsons Promontory, and the Victorian coast from around Venus Bay in the west to Lake Wellington in the east. Sale is near its north-eastern edge, some time earlier maps showed proposed counties of Bass, Douro, and part of Haddington and Bruce occupying the area of Buln Buln
9.
Electoral district of Gippsland South
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The Electoral district of Gippsland South is a Lower House electoral district of the Victorian Parliament. It is located within the Eastern Victoria Region of the Legislative Council, the electorate includes all of South Gippsland Shire and the southern parts of Wellington Shire. Industries include agriculture, timber production and tourism, dairying is the biggest agricultural contributor to the local economy. Natural features include Wilsons Promontory National Park, Corner Inlet, and it has never been won by the Australian Labor Party, and has been in the hands of the National Party for all but two terms since 1929. Sir Herbert Hyland held the seat for thirty years from 1929 until he died in office in 1970 and he held many portfolios in government including Transport, Chief Secretary, State Development, Labour, Decentralisation and Transport and Prices. Hyland was knighted in 1952, and elected leader of the parliamentary Country Party in 1955, the district is currently held by Nationals MP Danny OBrien, who won the seat in a by-election in 2015 following the resignation of former Nationals leader Peter Ryan. A = now known as Merriman Creek Electorate profile, Gippsland South District, Victorian Electoral Commission
10.
Division of Gippsland
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The Division of Gippsland is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. The division was one of the original 75 divisions contested at the first federal election and it is named for the Gippsland region of eastern Victoria, which in turn is named for Sir George Gipps, Governor of New South Wales 1838–46. It includes the towns of Bairnsdale, Morwell, Sale and Traralgon and it is one of two original divisions in Victoria to have never elected a Labor-endorsed member, the other being Kooyong. It has been held by the National Party and its predecessor, on its new boundaries, however, it takes in most of the industrial Latrobe Valley. Sitting MP Peter McGauran announced his resignation in April 2008, sparking a June 2008 by-election, the Nationals retained the seat on an increased margin, electing Darren Chester. Division of Gippsland – Australian Electoral Commission
11.
South Gippsland Highway
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The South Gippsland Highway is a partially divided highway in Victoria, Australia which connects the city of Melbourne with the South Gippsland region of Victoria, ending in the town of Sale. The M420 continues through Cranbourne and Koo Wee Rup until the Bass Highway turnoff, from the Bass Highway junction, the highway is undivided. The South Gippsland Highway is the gateway from Melbourne to many attractions including Wilsons Promontory, the highway commences in Dandenong, branching from the Princes Highway, and heads in a general south-east direction at first. It is mostly a dual carriageway with two lanes in either direction, until the Bass Highway turnoff to Phillip Island, after which it is entirely an undivided highway. Conversion to dual carriageways at the end began in 1975. The final link in the duplication of the highway between the Princes Highway, Dandenong and Bass Highway opened in the early 1990s between Princes Highway and Pound Road. 1975 – Conversion to dual carriageways at the end began in 1975. Cranbourne to Five Ways, Tooradin to Dalmore Road, and Monomeith Road to Bass Highway,1989 –3 km of dual carriageways opened between Manks Road and Lynes Road, Tooradin in December 1989. 1990 –3 km of dual carriageways opened between Lynes Road, Tooradin and Dore Road in April 1990, at this stage, ’27 km of the planned 32 km length of duplication between Cranbourne and Bass Highway has now been completed’. 1990/1991 – Duplication of 6 km south of Tooradin completed at a cost of $A9. 9m, no exact date was given, however VicRoads Annual Reports cover the previous financial year. This completed the duplication of the highway between Cranbourne and the Bass Highway, an interesting anomaly is that the kilometre lengths quoted in this annual report and the previous annual report do not match. 1991/1992 –2.8 km duplication opened between Princes Highway and Pound Road and this was the final link in the duplication of the highway from the Princes Highway to Bass Highway, Again, no exact date was given, however VicRoads Annual Reports cover the previous financial year. Highways in Australia Highways in Victoria
12.
Leongatha
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Leongatha /ˈliːɒnɡæθə/ is a town in the foothills of the Strzelecki Ranges, South Gippsland Shire, Victoria, Australia, located 135 kilometres south-east of Melbourne. The town is the civic, commercial, industrial, religious, educational, at the 2011 census, Leongatha had a population of 5,332. First settlement of the area by Europeans occurred in 1845, the Post Office opened as Koorooman on 1 October 1887 and renamed Leongatha in 1891 when a township was established on the arrival of the railway. The railway line from Melbourne reached the town in 1891, regular V/Line passenger operations on the line to the local railway station ceased in 1993. The town is located on the South Gippsland Highway which links Leongatha to Melbourne, Leongatha was formerly situated along the South Gippsland railway corridor that operated to its terminus at Yarram in the early 1980s and Leongatha in the mid 1990s. A V/Line road coach service replaced the service on July 24,1993. However, since the closure of the South Gippsland rail line with the exception of the locally run tourist railway between Nyora and Leongatha by the Kennett Victorian government on December 14,1994. The line beyond Leongatha is being used as a trail for public use. The Dandenong to Cranbourne is being used by the Melbourne Suburban train company, a second service runs from Traralgon to Wonthaggi. There is also a bus service running from Venus Bay, through Tarwin Lower. This is a service and will run for one year before a decision is made on whether or not to run the service permanently. The Leongatha Airport is located south of the town and serves general aviation, the Daffodil Festival is held annually in September. Competitions are held and many varieties are on display. A garden competition is also held, the South Gippsland Railway runs historical diesel locomotives and railcars between Nyora and Leongatha, passing through Korumburra. As of 2016, the South Gippsland Railway has ceased operations, the railway line from Leongatha to Foster has been converted into the Great Southern Rail Trail, for the shared use of horse riding, walking and cycling. The Great Southern Rail Trail is in the process of procuring finance to extend the trail as far as Yarram, the Rail Trail commences at the end of Parr Street with a car park planned for the future to assist with access to the trail in the future. Walkers can access the trail from the park next to the old rail bridge in Leongatha at the end of Bair Street. Leongatha has a community company, the Lyric Theatre Company that regularly stages theatrical productions
13.
Foster, Victoria
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Foster is a dairying and grazing town 174 kilometres south-east of Melbourne on the South Gippsland Highway in Victoria, Australia. It is about 20 kilometres north of the Gippsland coastline which includes Shallow Inlet, Corner Inlet, Waratah Bay, Yanakie, at the 2006 census, Foster had a population of 2175. This changed with the discovery of gold in the 1880s, leading to a gold rush, the post office opened on 20 February 1871 as Stockyard Creek and was renamed Foster in 1879 when the township was established. Previously a stockyard for drovers had been established along the creek, the story of Foster is in a publication available at the Foster & District Historical Society Inc. The railway was extended to Foster in 1892, when the gold ran out, Foster became a service centre of the burgeoning South Gippsland dairy industry. Today it is a town that links Wilsons Promontory with the rest of Victoria. Foster has one hotel and several dining options, in summer, the towns temporary population can increase by as much as two and a half fold due to tourism. The football club is the Foster Tigers which is part of the Alberton Football League, golfers play at the Foster Golf Club course on Reserve Road. Foster has markets from November to April, the Great Southern Rail Trail links Foster to Leongatha in the west and Yarram in the east. The trail is used by horseriders, cyclists, runners and walkers, Foster railway station, Victoria visitmelbourne. com, Foster, Victoria
14.
Australia
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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area, the neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australias capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney, for about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored, on 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states. The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard, Australia has the worlds 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income. With the second-highest human development index globally, the country highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom. The name Australia is derived from the Latin Terra Australis a name used for putative lands in the southern hemisphere since ancient times, the Dutch adjectival form Australische was used in a Dutch book in Batavia in 1638, to refer to the newly discovered lands to the south. On 12 December 1817, Macquarie recommended to the Colonial Office that it be formally adopted, in 1824, the Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. The first official published use of the term Australia came with the 1830 publication of The Australia Directory and these first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists, the northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically by fishermen from Maritime Southeast Asia. The first recorded European sighting of the Australian mainland, and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, are attributed to the Dutch. The first ship and crew to chart the Australian coast and meet with Aboriginal people was the Duyfken captained by Dutch navigator, Willem Janszoon. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines and named the island continent New Holland during the 17th century, but made no attempt at settlement. William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688, in 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration, a British settlement was established in Van Diemens Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1803, and it became a separate colony in 1825. The United Kingdom formally claimed the part of Western Australia in 1828. Separate colonies were carved from parts of New South Wales, South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, the Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia
15.
Old Gippstown
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Old Gippstown is an open-air museum and reconstructed pioneer township located in Moe, Victoria, Australia. It portrays the settlement era of Gippsland from the 1850s through to the 1950s, set in three hectares of parkland, the Park is now visited by over 100,000 people each year. The park was established in late 1967 by the City of Moe Development Association and it was laid out by architect Fritz Suendermann. It opened as the Gippsland Folk Museum in 1973 and was later renamed Old Gippstown, officially opened in 1973, Old Gippstown provides large-scale exhibits illustrating the history of the Gippsland region. In the 1990s the park came under the authority of the Department of Sustainability and Environment, today, Old Gippstown is owned by the Gippsland Reserve Board of Management, a group of volunteers who oversee the operations and strategy of the Park. The park is staffed by volunteers who work to maintain the ever-expanding collections of artefacts, vehicles. Old Gippstown has over forty buildings, mostly dating from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century. The school building at Old Gippstown dates from the 1920s, Old Gippstown’s Water Wheel is fully operational. It was originally used to generate electricity for a house in Buxton. The church was dedicated on December 3,1895 and deconsecrated in 1968 after a new church was built, built for McMillan in 1848, it was originally located on the Avon River between Boisdale and Briagolong. Originally built as a barn on a Willow Grove farm, it now part of Old Gippstown’s extensive horse-drawn vehicle collection. It was built near Pakenham in 1863 for the Cobb and Co coach route from Melbourne to Gippsland, built for the Colonial Bank of Australasia just before 1900, it became a National Bank of Australasia branch in 1914. In the mid-19th century gold rush there was a large population increase and insufficient housing, so complete pre-fabricated buildings were imported. The original Narracan general store was built in 1889, Narracan Mechanics Institute and Free Library. This building was built in 1905 replacing a building from 1878 and it is currently used by a number of local groups, and is one of the newest Masonic Lodges in Victoria. There is also a display of antiques from the first. In addition, the Park grounds and its Function Rooms are frequently hired for weddings, reunions, Old Gippstown is used by a broad range of community groups, including those doing yoga, crafts, arts, car clubs and more. In addition it is the place for the Masonic Lodge
16.
Moe, Victoria
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Moe is a town in Latrobe Valley in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. At June 2015, Moe had an urban population of 16,253. It is administered by the Latrobe City Council, Moe was originally known as The Mowie, then Little Moi. The towns name is believed to derive from a Kurnai word meaning swamp land, Moe is a navigation point and stopover for tourists en route to Erica, the historic goldfields township of Walhalla, the Walhalla Goldfields Railway and Mount Baw Baw. Lake Narracan is nearby, and Moe is home to the annual Moe Cup horse races, the Moe Jazz Festival, the region is represented by Gippsland Power in the TAC Cup competition. A small gold discovery was made in 1852, the small settlement on the Narracan Creek was a stopover en route to the Walhalla goldfields further north. A Post Office opened on 17 March 1862, in 1878 the Shire of Narracan was proclaimed, and the railway arrived from Morwell. Moe railway station was a key station, with a roundhouse, and connections to the now-closed Walhalla, Thorpdale, the town was surveyed in 1879. Moe was declared a city in 1963, a major local industry is based around the brown coal deposits in the Latrobe Valley east of Moe and electricity generation. The area is noted for its dairy industry. Moe High School opened in 1953, with the Official opening in November of the same year, the school was closed and merged into Lowanna Secondary College in 1994, with the previous Moe High School location becoming a housing estate. On the night of the 2011 census there were 15,292 residing in the Moe urban centre,51. 7% female and 48. 3% male. At the time Moe had an population of 1. 4%. The other main countries of origin were, England, Netherlands, Scotland, Germany, Moe Railway Precinct Revitalisation Project, A clock tower was constructed in 2012 incorporating two bronze clocks that chime on the hour. The clocks were manufactured in Moe by local clockmaker Alan Cox, Electricity supply lines on George Street have recently been placed underground at a cost of over $2 million. The undergrounding included the installation of new lighting and two 66KV distribution boxes which will be used to place the remaining supply lines in the CBD underground in the future. Moe currently has three large housing developments underway or in final planning. Mitchell Grove is a 2 kilometre walk west of the CBD of Moe and has two residential housing stages on sale now next to a newly completed artificial wetland, the first entrance street to the new development has been named Discovery Boulevarde
17.
South Gippsland railway line
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The South Gippsland railway line opened in 1892, branching from the Gippsland line at Dandenong, and extending to Port Albert. Much of it remained in use until July 1993, however, only a small portion is still in use today, as the suburban Cranbourne line. The section of the line from Nyora to Leongatha was used by the South Gippsland Tourist Railway until it ceased operations in 2016. The section from Leongatha to Toora, and a portion of the line at Koo Wee Rup, have been converted into the Great Southern Rail Trail. The Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company opened a line from Princes Bridge railway station to Punt Road and South Yarra in 1859, the section from Alberton to Port Albert was closed in the 1940s. A branch line was built from Alberton to Yarram and Woodside in 1921, the line was well known for its sharp curves and spectacular scenery and was also one of the last lines to offer a Mixed Passenger and Goods service in Victoria. The section from Yarram to Woodside was closed on 26 May 1953, after the withdrawal of this freight service the railway line beyond Leongatha would be closed. This section of track was dismantled in 1994, in which required the strengthening of the lines derilcit trestle bridges in order to allow the track removal machine to dismantle the tracks. On 24 July 1993, the last regular V/Line passenger train operated to Leongatha with P Class diesel locomotive number 18 hauling the return passenger train with a set of 4 H-Set carriages, since April 1998, no trains have operated beyond Cranbourne. A5 km-long narrow-gauge horse-drawn tramway was opened from Welshpool to Welshpool Jetty in 1905, the mountainous Strzelecki branch line, which opened in 1922, was built from Koo Wee Rup to Strzelecki. The line was closed in stages throughout the 1930s, 40s and 50s, the Wonthaggi branch line was built from Nyora to Wonthaggi, opening in 1910, to serve the State Coal Mine, a small extension to the line was opened in 1917. The Wonthaggi line was closed in 1978, the Outtrim branch line was built from Korumburra to the coal mine at Outtrim in two stages, the initial stage to Jumbunna was opened in 1894, with the final section to Outtrim opening in 1896. The line was closed in two stages, the first from Jumbunna to Outtrim on 4 September 1951 and then from Jumbunna to Korumburra on 1 October 1953, Passenger services operated on the line from its opening. Services from Melbourne to Leongatha and Yarram were withdrawn on 6 June 1981, the Yarram train was a loco hauled train, while the Leongatha train was a DRC railcar hauling MTH carriages. To fill the gaps between those services, local trains were introduced on a trial from Dandenong to Lang Lang. Services to Leongatha were restored on 9 December 1984, and free shuttles to Korumburra were provided to mark the occasion. The 1984 timetable included two trips per day from Monday to Saturday, and one round trip on Sundays. However, the services were withdrawn on 24 July 1993
18.
Bed of Roses (TV series)
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Bed of Roses is an Australian comedy drama television series which first screened on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation from 10 May 2008. It stars Kerry Armstrong and was created by Jutta Goetze and Elizabeth Coleman, produced by Mark Ruse, Bed of Roses is about Louisa Atherton handling her life after she discovers her husband has died in the arms of another woman, leaving her broke. She returns to her town of Rainbows End to live with her feisty mother. Rainbows End is in a corridor with neighbouring town of Indigo. Besides problems with Minna, Louisa encounters trouble with her teenage daughter Holly, Louisa has few financial assets except Mary Kellys Shack she inherited from her father. Louisa decides to demolish the shack and build a new house to sell, Holly has taken the death of her father very hard and insists on carrying around his ashes. Louisas irresponsible driving results in numerous traffic offences, which she can ill afford and it has distinct overtones of Armstrongs previous ABC-TV series SeaChange. Bed of Roses aired on Saturday night on ABC at 7,30 pm, the ABC ordered 8 episodes for season two, up from 6 episodes for season one. Bud Tingwell and Philip Quast have joined the cast for the second season, Season two of Bed of Roses was filmed over five months in regional Victoria, Melbourne and in the ABC TV studios, Ripponlea. “We knew whilst making series one that we had something special on our hands, the audience response was terrific both on ABC1 and Podcast. Particularly when youre not sure which man youre in love with, Season Three began filming in May 2010. The program was filmed over five months in regional Victoria, Melbourne and in the ABC TV studios, for the second time the number of episodes will increase, with Season 3 to have 12 episodes and will begin airing 4 December 2010. Kerry Armstrong as Louisa Atherton, recently widowed, returns to Rainbows End, becomes editor of The Rainbow Echo, responds to community issues, problems with Tim and Nick. Julia Blake as Minna Franklin, Louisas mother, member of the Heritage Society, renews friendship with Sandy, fights redevelopments. Caroline Gillmer as Marg Braithwaite, estranged wife of Gavin Braithwaite, now a marriage celebrant, tries to gain Tims interest. Hanna Mangan-Lawrence as Holly Atherton, Louisas daughter, Indigo High year 11 student, now in year 12, becomes involved in local issues, misunderstanding with Sean. Jay Lagaaia as Nick Pickering, Louisas old friend who runs Nicks Tyre Service, goes out with Louisa, helps Holly with driving lessons. Andrew S. Gilbert as Gavin Braithwaite, hardware store owner, continues self-promotion, buys The Rainbow Echo, appoints Tim as manager
19.
ABC (Australian TV channel)
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ABC is a national public television network in Australia. Launched on 5 November 1956 it is the responsibility of the ABCs television division, commercial station TCN-9 Sydney was the first to broadcast in Australia, soon followed by the ABCs own ABN-2 Sydney and later ABV-2 in Melbourne. Six stations, three in Melbourne and three in Sydney, were in operation in time to cover the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. The channels first television broadcast was inaugurated by prime minister Robert Menzies on 5 November at the Gore Hill studios in Sydney, although radio programmes could be broadcast nationally by landline, television relay facilities were not put in place until the early 1960s. This meant that news bulletins had to be sent to each city by teleprinter, to be prepared and presented separately in each city, with filmed materials copied manually. A purpose-built television studio opened in Sydney on 29 January 1958—replacing temporary sound studios used since ABC-TVs inception, in the same year, technical equipment was also moved to permanent locations, while main transmitters were introduced to Melbourne and Sydney in 1957 and 1958 respectively. Australian Broadcasting Corporation series which debuted in 1956 included TV Channell, starting in 1957 the two ABC stations then in operation each produced one live drama presentation each month, which would be kinescoped for broadcast in the other city. Weekly current-affairs programme Four Corners began in 1961, followed in the year by Profiles of Power. Direct relays between Sydney, Melbourne and Canberra were also established in 1961, replacing temporary microwave relays as a means of simultaneously airing programmes across multiple stations. Videotape equipment, allowing the sharing of footage with much greater ease, ABC-TV was one of the first television networks in Australia to embrace the rocknroll revolution of the late 1950s, most notably with Six OClock Rock, hosted by Johnny OKeefe. In 1967, the weeknightly television current-affairs programme This Day Tonight was launched on ABC-TV, teletext services were introduced to ABC-TV in 1983 to allow hearing impaired viewers access to closed captions. Nationwide, successor to This Day Tonight, was replaced in turn by a new, hour-long, having proved unsuccessful, it reverted to a state ABC News bulletin at 7,00 pm, with a state-based edition of The 7.30 Report following afterwards. Lateline and Media Watch also launched in the 1980s, the year 2001 saw the launch of a new logo to celebrate the introduction of digital terrestrial television in Australia. The logo was modified to a three-dimensional metallic design, the channels idents featured elements – fire, leaf and ice, and the slogan was updated to Everyones ABC. The idents also featured the silver ring that morphs into the ABC logo and this however did not last, as later in 2003, the channels idents were modified to feature everyday Australians. In 2005, The ABC have switched from the Supertext logo to their own Closed Captioning logo, on 19 December that year, the channels idents were revamped featuring a modified ABC logo transforming to a television. These idents were also carried onto ABC2, which launched in the same year, further cementing the change in identity was the change from the slogan Theres more to television to It begins with 1. After concerns in some sections of the media that the 43-year-old Lissajous curve brand was to disappear completely, june 2010 saw ABC1s high definition digital transmission terminated, to be replaced with a fourth channel, ABC News 24
20.
Australian rules football
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The main way to score points is by kicking the oval-shaped ball between the two tall goal posts. The team with the score by the end of the match wins unless a draw is declared. During general play, players may position themselves anywhere on the field, the primary methods are kicking, handballing and running with the ball. There are rules on how the ball can be handled, for example, throwing the ball is not allowed and players must not get caught holding the ball. A distinctive feature of the game is the mark, where players anywhere on the field who catch a ball from a kick are awarded possession, possession of the ball is in dispute at all times except when a free kick or mark is paid. Players can tackle using their hands or use their body to obstruct opponents. The game features frequent physical contests, spectacular marking, fast movement of players and the ball and high scoring. The sports origins can be traced to matches played in Melbourne, Victoria in 1858. Its annual Grand Final is the highest attended club championship event in the world, the sport is also played at amateur level in many countries and in several variations. The games rules are governed by the AFL Commission with the advice of the AFLs Laws of the Game Committee, there is evidence of football being played sporadically in the Australian colonies in the first half of the 19th century. The earliest such match, held in St Kilda on 15 June, was between Melbourne Grammar and St Kilda Grammar. Born in Australia, Wills played a nascent form of rugby football whilst a pupil at Rugby School in England and his letter is regarded by many historians as giving impetus for the development of a new code of football today known as Australian football. Two weeks later, Wills friend, cricketer Jerry Bryant, posted an advertisement for a match at the Richmond Paddock adjoining the Melbourne Cricket Ground. This was the first of several kickabouts held that year involving members of the Melbourne Cricket Club, including Wills, Bryant, W. J. Hammersley, trees were used as goalposts and play typically lasted an entire afternoon. Without an agreed code of laws, some players were guided by rules they had learned in the British Isles. Another significant milestone in 1858 was a match played under experimental rules between Melbourne Grammar and Scotch College, held at the Richmond Paddock. This 40-a-side contest, umpired by Wills and Scotch College teacher John Macadam, began on 7 August and it is commemorated with a statue outside the MCG, and the two schools have competed annually ever since in the Cordner-Eggleston Cup, the worlds oldest continuous football competition. Since the early 20th century, it has suggested that Australian football was derived from the Irish sport of Gaelic football
21.
Alberton Football Netball League
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The Alberton Football Netball League is an Australian rules football league covering the South Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. The name of the league is taken from the town of Alberton. Four years later, the Carrajung Football Club followed suit which enabled Fish Creek to join the Alberton League in 1953, Carrajung produced many substandard efforts during their seven years of existence in the Alberton League and many matches would result in percentage gaining contests for opposing teams. The club finished last in 1947,1948,1950,1951 and 1952. The very last game Carrajung played in the Albeton League during the 1952 season resulted in Toora forward, Frank Salmon, salmon’s helped him claim the League goalkicking award by overtaking Woodside great Charles Williamson. Woodside dominated the competition during the stages as the club won six consecutive premiership from 1947 to 1952. It is the club to have achieved such a feat in the leagues history. Fish Creek produced the most outstanding era of success in the Alberton League as it claimed 11 premierships from 15 successive Grand Final appearances between 1953 and 1967. The recruitment of former VFL Collingwood player, Maurice Mocca Dunstan helped the club attain a standard of professionalism that was second to none for a sustained period, however, the AFL continued to function through many debates and became progressively stronger by the 1970s. In 1969, the Meeniyan-Dumbalk United and Stony Creek Football Clubs joined the Alberton League after the SGFL eventually disbanded as Welshpool won a treble of premierships from 1969 to 1971, Welshpool also became the first club in the AFL to produce an undefeated season with its flag in 1970. The inclusion of Tarwin in 1988 returned the number of clubs to ten but by 1995, the final five system was first utilised with the inclusion of the new clubs. Devon-Welshpool and Won Wron-Woodside created the Allies when they merged in 1997 and then Bena, the 2008 season saw a large contingent from the Devon-Welshpool-Won Wron-Woodside Football Club leave to create a new club, the Woodside and District Wildcats, in the North Gippsland Football League. 2008 also saw controversy as Yarram boycotted a match against Wonthaggi Power, the clubs met in both that years grand final and the previous years, with Yarram premiers in 2007 and Wonthaggi in 2008. The 2010 season saw Wonthaggi Power ejected from the Alberton Football League, with their departure the Alberton Football League shrunk to a thirteen team league with rounds consisting of six matches with one team per round having a bye. DWWWW returned to the competition in 2015 to push the number of back to twelve. The Alberton League will become a seven team league, Alberton Football League matches are officiated by umpires from the South Gippsland Umpires Association
22.
Australian Bureau of Statistics
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The Australian Bureau of Statistics is the statistical agency of the Government of Australia. The ABS website provides ABS data free of charge, in 1901, statistics were collected by each state for their individual use. The Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics was established under the Census, sir George Knibbs was appointed as the first Commonwealth Statistician. Initially, the Bureau was located in Melbourne and was attached to the Department of Home Affairs, in 1928, the Bureau was relocated to Canberra and in 1932, it moved to the Treasury portfolio. Initially, the states maintained their own offices and worked together with the CBCS to produce national data. However, some found it difficult to resource a state statistical office to the level required for an adequate statistical service. In 1924, the Tasmanian Statistical Office transferred to the Commonwealth, in 1974, the CBCS was abolished and the Australian Bureau of Statistics was established in its place. The Australian Bureau of Statistics Act in 1975, established the ABS as a Statutory Authority headed by the Australian Statistician, the ABS mission is to deliver high quality official statistics and value-added statistical solutions, to inform decisions on important issues. The ABS undertakes the Australian Census of population and housing, the Census is conducted every five years under the authority of the federal Census and Statistics Act 1905. The last Australian Census was held on 9 August 2011 and this was Australias 16th national census, and marked 100 years of national census taking in Australia. The census of population and housing is the largest statistical collection undertaken by the ABS, the census aims to accurately measure the number of people and dwellings in Australia on census night, and a range of their key characteristics. This information is used to public policy as well as electoral boundaries, infrastructure planning. Users of Census data include government, the media, not for profit organisations, researchers and academics, results from the 2011 census are available on the ABS website. The next Census of Population and Housing was scheduled for 9 August 2016, a move was undertaken by the ABS to largely implement the Census on-line through their website and logins rather than through traditional paper forms. The 2016 Census was unsuccessful on August 9 due to multiple website errors which caused a crash where people were unable to fill in their details. The Chief Statistician, David Kalisch, said the website was closed after multiple internet denial-of-service attacks were blamed for the website problems, the online census webpage was back up at 2,30 pm on 11 August. The ABS has a work program covering a vast range of topics. Topics include, Economy Industry People Labour Health Environment Snapshots of Australia, the ABS publishes a suite of monthly and quarterly economic publications that are part of the core of the organisations work program
23.
Darby River, Victoria
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Darby River is a locality in Gippsland in southeastern Victoria, Australia. Located within Wilsons Promontory National Park, it was the location of the park entrance. The Chalet began as a small 6 room building and expanded to more than 24 accommodation rooms, kitchen, dining hall, bathrooms, during World War Two the area was the site of the Headquarters Camp of the No 7 Commando Training Centre. At this time large numbers of huts and tents were erected, following the war most of the buildings were removed or fell into disrepair and were demolished. The Rangers House was moved to Tidal River, photograph of the Chalet, State Library, Victoria
24.
Fish Creek, Victoria
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Fish Creek is a small township in Victoria, Australia. At the 2011 census, Fish Creek and the area had a population of 791. Fish Creek was first settled in 1886, the Post Office opened on 6 October 1890 next to the proposed railway which arrived in 1892. In 1900 a community hall was built where the Butter Factory building stands today and this hall was used as a church by everyone until in 1904 a new Catholic church was built. Not long after that the Union Church was opened and since then the town has had two churches, the Great South Gippsland Railway line closed to passengers in 1980 for all stations past Leongatha. However freight and goods traffic continued until the line was closed in 1994. The track and all railway infrastructure, such as signals and stations, were removed. Fish Creek has a number of art and craft shops catering to tourists who pass through town on their way to Wilsons Promontory, artistsAlison Lester and Celia Rosser have galleries in the town. The current Fish Creek Memorial Hall, built in 1930, serves many purposes and it is a venue for parties, funerals, church services and school concerts. The Hall also houses an Op shop, the profits from which go to funding further development work on the enhancement of Hall facilities, the town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Alberton Football League. Fish Creek Football Club is based at Terill park, the rooms are one of the very few club rooms that are privately owned. The Fish Creek Football Club is over 100 years old and has had a few players who have gone on, the town is home to the Big Mullet which lies on its side atop the Fish Creek Hotel. Fish Creek railway station Great Southern Rail Trail Visit Victoria tourism website Prom Country tourism website
25.
Inverloch, Victoria
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Inverloch /ˈɪnvərlɒk/ is a seaside town located in Victoria, Australia. It is located 143 kilometres south east of Melbourne via the South Gippsland Highway on the Bass Highway at the mouth of Anderson Inlet, in the Bass Coast Shire of Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. Known originally for the waters of Anderson Inlet, it is now also known for the discovery of Australias first dinosaur bone. Inverloch is a popular tourist destination, particularly for swimming, kitesurfing and windsurfing at the waters of Anderson Inlet. Fishing and surfing are also popular, the town was first named Andersons Inlet after Samuel Anderson, the first European to settle here. It was later renamed Inverloch after Loch Inver in Scotland, the town is also home to a tennis club which is home to the some of Australias greatest players. Anderson Inlet is a shallow and dynamic estuary where the Tarwin River enters Bass Strait and it forms a 2,400 ha almost enclosed bay next to Inverloch, for which it provides a popular and protected beach. At low tide its intertidal mudflats provide important feeding habitat for migratory waders and it is named after the Anderson brothers, the first Europeans to settle in the area. Anderson Inlet is classified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area and it supports internationally significant numbers of red-necked stint. It has also known to support the critically endangered orange-bellied parrot, with six birds seen there in 1998. Seashell collecting is permitted from The Caves to north-east past the shopping precinct. Seashell collecting is prohibited in the Bunurong Marine National Park, namely The Oaks, Twin Reefs, Shack Bay and Eagles Nest heading south-west after Flat Rocks, Inverloch has a Shell Museum which also has a dinosaur exhibibition. This is located opposite the playground, australia’s first dinosaur bone, and many other dinosaur bones, were discovered in Inverloch. Twin Reefs, Shack Bay and Eagles Nest make up most of the Bunurong Marine National Park, the Caves and Flat Rocks are a part of the Bunurong Marine Park, which starts at Coal Point in Harmers Haven. During 2005 and early 2006 the Royal Automobile Club of Victoria built a holiday resort on the Cape Paterson Road in Inverloch. Bunurong Marine Park is a 17 km marine and coastlal park along the coast of Harmers Haven, Cape Paterson, Bunurong Marine NATIONAL Park is an outstretching middle section of Bunurong Marine Park. The restricted zone/state park, on foot begins after Undertow Bay heading towards Inverloch from Cape Paterson and it is an area past Safety Beach and rockpool and past Undertow Bay beach namely The Oaks, Twin Reefs, Shack Bay and Eagles Nest. It ends at Wreck Creek in Inverloch and it is prohibited to kill or take any matter from the smaller of the two parks, Bunurong Marine National Park
26.
Korumburra
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Korumburra /ˌkʌrəmˈbʌrʌ/ is a town in the Australian state of Victoria. It is located on the South Gippsland Highway,120 kilometres south-east of Melbourne, surrounded by rolling green hills, the town is 227 metres above the sea level of coastal Inverloch, about 28 km away. At the 2014 census the population of Korumburra was 8,963, the median age of the population was 43.1 years. The Post Office in the area opened on 1 September 1884, and moved to the township on the survey line on 1 November 1889. The town has enjoyed a wave of migration of European migrants who have added to the towns growth. Antonio Radovick Father of Korumburra was the most successful Croatian pioneer in Victoria who contributed to the start, there is a street bearing the name Radovick near the middle hotel. One of the old Korumburra Shire Council shire presidents was Italian migrant Vincenzo Fava which shows the contribution of Italians in Korumburra, Korumburra is known as the Heritage Centre of South Gippsland. It is the home of Coal Creek Community Park and Museum and this village depicts life in the area over the period from the 1870s to 1920s, as the town rapidly expanded following the discovery of a coal seam. The outdoor museum covers 12 hectares of bushland, including 60 exhibits and these include the Giant Earthworm, National Bank, Anzac exhibit, Mining exhibits, Dairy exhibit at the Boston Carriageworks and Railway Museum. The Park is free entry and open Thursdays to Mondays during termtime, a tramway runs on weekends around the lower end of the park encompassing an old-time farm and bush oval. Many local organisations use the Park and environs and special events are held during the year, other town attractions include the Olympic pool, two-court basketball stadium, art gallery, the South Gippsland tourist railway. The towns main industries include dairy and beef, the region is home to the worlds largest earthworms. The town is home to Burra Foods, which is a dairy company. The town in conjunction with neighbouring township Bena has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Alberton Football League. The town has a team, the Korumburra City Soccer Club. Golfers play at the course of the Korumburra Golf Club on Warragul Road, in DC Comics, Korumburra, spelled Kurrumburra, is the home town of The Flashs notorious nemesis, Captain Boomerang. Korumburra is also the base of the popular tourist railway South Gippsland Railway which operates a railway service between the major centres of Leongatha and the market town of Nyora. Heritage trains are operated each Sunday and on public holidays, Korumburra was formerly situated along the South Gippsland railway corridor that operated to its terminus at Yarram in the early 1980s and Leongatha in the mid 1990s
27.
Lang Lang, Victoria
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Lang Lang is a town in Victoria, Australia,73 km south-east of Melbournes central business district. Its local government area is the Shire of Cardinia, at the 2011 Census, Lang Lang had a population of 1,345. Lang Lang was formerly known as Carrington, after Lord Carrington, the origin of the name Lang Lang is debated. In the Australian Aboriginal Woiwurrung language, the name Lang Lang, also spelled Laang Laang, an alternate explanation is that the town is named in honour of an early settler in the region, called Lang. A Lang Lang post office opened on 20 May 1878, in 1891, after the arrival of the railway, it was renamed Lang Lang West and a new Lang Lang office was opened near the station. A post office known as Lang Lang East opened in 1885 but was replaced by Nyora in 1890, a rodeo has been held regularly at Lang Lang on Easter Monday since the 1940s. The town has an Australian rules football team competing in the Ellinbank & District Football League, golfers play at the course of the Lang Lang Golf Club on the South Gippsland Highway, Nyora. Lang Lang was formerly situated along the South Gippsland railway corridor that operated to its terminus at Yarram in the early 1980s, a V/Line road coach service replaced the rail service to Leongatha on 24 July 1993, running between Melbourne and Yarram. Lang Lang railway station List of reduplicated Australian place names Lang Lang Township, holden Proving Ground Lang Lang - Company website
28.
Mirboo North, Victoria
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Mirboo North is a town in Victoria, Australia, located 155 kilometres east of Melbourne, with a population of 2688. It is in the South Gippsland Shire local government area, the town is at the start of the Grand Ridge Rail Trail, which travels for 13 km through temperate rainforest and dry sclerophyll forest in the Strzelecki Ranges. The Mirboo area was settled by timber getters in the late 1870s, the original railway branch line from Morwell to Mirboo North was completed on 7 January 1886, with the last train being run on 22 June 1974. The railway was constructed through difficult hilly terrain requiring construction of massive embankments, the snow lay around for days. Mirboo North is where the Grand Ridge Road, a route running from Seaview to Carrajung crosses the middle of the Strzelecki Highway between Leongatha and Morwell. Mirboo North Secondary College and Mirboo North Primary School, the town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Mid Gippsland Football League and a cricket team competing in the Central Gippsland Cricket Association. Golfers play at the course of the Mirboo North Golf Club on Galvins Road, the picture of the Mirboo Bellevue Hotel, Store and Post Office although shown here under Mirboo North was not actually in Mirboo North. It was located in Mirboo 10 Kilometres south east of Mirboo North, belinda Snell, currently competing in the WNBA for the Phoenix Mercury and a member of the Australian team that won silver at the Beijing Olympics in 2008. Sam the Koala found in the forests of Mirboo North, Victoria
29.
Nyora
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For the locality in New South Wales, see Nyora, New South Wales. For the cargo ship, see MV Nyora, Nyora /naɪˈjɔːrə/ is a town in south Gippsland, Australia. At the 2006 census, Nyora had a population of 545, Nyora is 12 kilometres from Lang Lang, and 11 kilometres from the nearest beach. The Post Office opened around September 1890 replacing an office at nearby Lang Lang East open since 1885, the towns railway station and general store were included in the popular ABC TV program Something in the Air. The township featured in the TV series was known as Emu Springs, golfers play at the course of the Lang Lang Golf Club on the South Gippsland Highway, Nyora. Nyora is home to the Nyora Football club—nicknamed the Saints and wear red/white/black uniforms, the club was formed in 1877 and has won 11 senior premierships in this time, the first coming in 1911. The club has had a successful period of late winning premierships in both 2006 and 2007 in the Ellinbank & District Football league. So successful was Nyora during this period the town was referred to as premiership city. The railway station serves as part of the South Gippsland Railway — a community based heritage / tourist railway organisation. Nyora was formerly situated along the South Gippsland railway corridor that operated to its terminus at Yarram in the early 1980s, a V/Line road coach service replaced the rail service to Leongatha on July 24,1993, running between Melbourne and Yarram
30.
Poowong, Victoria
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Poowong is a small dairying city located in South Gippsland, Victoria. At the 2006 census, Poowong had a population of 587 and it is 111 kilometres from Melbourne and about eight kilometres north-west of Korumburra. The Post Office opened around January 1878, for a city of its size, Poowong is quite well off with regard to its facilities. The town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Ellinbank & District Football League, the Poowong community is active, with many projects being undertaken by various community groups. The largest group, by far, is the Poowong Football & Netball Club who involve themselves not only in sporting projects, wilfred Burchett War correspondent Don Watson writer and historian E. Beatrice Riley, Australian supercentenarian
31.
Port Franklin, Victoria
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Port Franklin is a small fishing village 182 kilometres kilometres south-east of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia. It is about 2 km inland from the coastline of Corner Inlet, at the 2006 census, Port Franklin had a population of 121. Port Franklin is situated on the banks of the Franklin River between Toora and Foster, the river is lined with small commercial fishing boats, privately owned pleasure craft as well as commercial charter vessels. The local community maintain the hall, playground, tennis courts. The Post Office opened around 1902, was known as Bowen until 1910 and closed in 1993
32.
Sandy Point, Victoria
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Sandy Point is a township in south Gippsland, Victoria near Wilsons Promontory. At the 2006 census, Sandy Point had a population of 227 and it is surrounded by areas of significant natural heritage. Sandy Point is one of the few towns in this region to remain relatively unaffected by the housing boom along the coast. This is partly due to its distance from Melbourne and the fact that a lack of town sewerage has meant a ban on further sub-division, the Bratowooloong people of the Gunai nation lived in the area before European settlement. The first Europeans to visit the area were three shipwrecked sailors in 1797, irish convicts escaped south from Sydney and landed on Seal Island where several men were stranded and found by George Bass who put them ashore near Shallow Inlet to walk back to Sydney. No more was heard of them. Sealers and whalers visited the area in the first half of the nineteenth century, however, it wasnt until the 1860s that the area was settled by cattle farmers. The arrival of the Gippsland Railway improved the viability of local farms, the Post Office opened on 2 September 1926, and was closed in 1994. The development of the town as a tourist location started in earnest in the 1960s but has been restricted by its natural heritage values, the Sandy Point area has a large spit system and its shoreline, on Waratah Bay, is considered of high heritage value. Sandy Points surf beach is patrolled during the months and is considered good for surfing. The beach on Waratah Bay is 18 kilometres long, running between Walkerville at its end and Wilsons Promontory at its southeastern end. 3 kilometres east of Sandy Point lies a river known as Shallow Inlet. This sandy, tidal inlet is a fishing spot and a popular area for windsurfing and kitesurfing. A speed sailing record was set here by the Yellow Pages Endeavour in 1993, on 13 December 2005, an attempt to reclaim this record failed when the craft operated by the Macquarie Speed Sailing team suffered a structural failure. The area near Sandy Point contains a range of habitats including mangroves. It features a range of invertebrate species. There are large populations of white-footed dunnarts and koalas living in the region, until 10,000 years ago, Sandy Point was an underwater slope leading to plains now lying underneath Bass Strait
33.
Tidal River, Victoria
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Tidal River is a locality in Wilsons Promontory National Park, Wilsons Promontory, Victoria, Australia. It contains the park administration and service centres as well as a permanent camping ground that takes its name from the Tidal River. Tidal River was originally established as a commando training base during World War Two. In about 1950 the former Darby River rangers cottage was relocated to Tidal River, leaving the Tidal River, Tidal River is the main location for accommodation and camping in Wilsons Promontory National Park. Tidal River Campground has 484 camping and caravan sites situated near the beach, there are also 11 remote walk-in sites located within the park. Tidal River campground is nestled in sand dunes behind Norman Bay, the only access road open to visitors leads from Yanakie at the park entrance to Tidal River, a distance of 32 km. When fully occupied, the settlement of Tidal River swells to over 2,000 people, there is a visitor centre open daily, a general store which serves basic supermarket and emergency items, a service station, fish and chippery and café. During summer a ballot is held to allocate sites from Christmas until late January, regardless of the time of year, all accommodation must be pre-booked
34.
Toora, Victoria
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Toora is a small farming town in Victoria, Australia whose main industry is dairy farming. It is located at the top of Corner Inlet opposite Wilsons Promontory National Park, in the 2011 census the population was 887. The Post Office opened on 18 August 1882, parts of the old tramlines and loading facilities still remain. More mills were established in the forested hills and the timber was transported on tramlines across swamps. The abandoned land was taken up for dairying and the fattening of cattle and these are the main industries of the area today. Further inland, the spectacular countryside continues to offer new views at every turn, best and Mt. Fatigue is the beautiful Gunyah Gunyah Forest which is home to huge mountain ash, colourful beeches, wattles and magnificent tree ferns. The sounds of the birds are always present. This timber reserve of 2,000 acres backs onto the scenic Grand Ridge Road which meanders across the length of the Strzelecki Ranges. Nearby Agnes Falls are the tallest in Victoria and easily accessible to the thousands of visitors who each year come to the Strzelecki Ranges and Wilsons Promontory. A round trip along the route from Toora brings you down to the sea again via Welshpool to Port Welshpool where the Long Jetty has recently been added to the Heritage List. The district is rich in history with small fishing fleets operating from Port Welshpool, Port Franklin. A boat ramp at Toora gives access to Corner Inlet and is a drive from Port Franklin, Yarram, Waratah Bay. Turtons Creek north of nearby Foster, once rich in gold, is now a naturalist’s paradise of tree fern gullies. It has recently become known for the Toora Wind Farm, consisting of 12 large wind-powered turbines above the town, the Great Southern Rail Trail bike trail also passes through Toora from Leongatha. The town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Alberton Football League, Toora has a number of local facilities including a caravan park and heated swimming pool
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Venus Bay, Victoria
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Venus Bay is a wide bay and a township on that bay on the east coast of Victoria, Australia. At the 2006 census Venus Bay had a population of 509, the name Venus Bay was given to the bay by a French expedition under Nicholas Baudin. This was apparently after George Basss trading ship the Venus, the town of Venus Bay is situated on a narrow peninsula of land located 180 km south-east of Melbourne. Originally named Evergreen the town takes its name from the body of water on its western shore, on the eastern side of the peninsula is Andersons Inlet, named after the settler Samuel Anderson. Venus Bay has become a holiday retreat for people from Melbourne and is close to other popular South Gippsland tourist spots such as Phillip Island. The permanent population hovers around the 500 mark, however this can swell into the thousands during holiday periods, the town is split into three estates. Three of Venus Bays five surf beaches are in the First Estate and this is the only patrolled beach, although during the busy summer period surf patrols regularly make their way up and down the beaches to just beyond No.5 beach. The Venus Bay Community Centre is also located in the First Estate and runs a variety of programs, in addition, the Community Centre runs a summer holiday program for kids and organizes the Summer Beach Shuttle Bus. The Second Estate is home to Nos.4 and 5 beaches as well as the fishing jetty on Andersons Inlet. At the edge of the Second Estate is a viewing platform that allows visitors to look out across Andersons Inlet. The Third Estate is a populated and underdeveloped area leading to the tip of the peninsula. The Tour de Tarwin is held every Easter and is a joint Venus Bay / Tarwin Lower initiative, whilst it is a cycling event at heart, everyone including walkers are encouraged to participate. In recent years the residents of Venus Bay and nearby Tarwin Lower have fought off developers seeking to drain the wetlands and set up marina. Today the fight appears to be strongly in the favour of the local residents, www. venusbay. info Tarwin Lower Venus Bay Association www. venusbay. blogspot. com Venus Bay blog http, //www. wunderground. com/weatherstation/WXDailyHistory. asp. ID=IVICVENU2 Venus Bay Weather
