National Register of Historic Places listings in Cook County, Illinois
This is a list of the 128 National Register of Historic Places listings in Cook County, Illinois outside Chicago and Evanston. Separate lists are provided for the 61 listed properties and historic districts in Evanston and the more than 350 listed properties and districts in Chicago; the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal Historic District extends through the West Side of Chicago, DuPage County and Will County to Lockport. This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted April 12, 2019. List of Chicago Landmarks National Register of Historic Places listings in Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in Illinois List of National Historic Landmarks in Illinois NPS Focus database, National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places listings in Central Chicago
There are 125 National Register of Historic Places listings in Central Chicago, out of 374 listings in the City of Chicago. Central Chicago includes 3 of the 77 well-defined community areas of Chicago: the historic business and cultural center of Chicago known as the Loop, as well as the Near North Side and the Near South Side; the combined area is bounded by Lake Michigan on the east, the Chicago River on the west, North Avenue on the north, 26th Street on the south. This area runs five and one-quarter miles from north to south and about one and one-half miles from east to west; the Chicago central city area includes many early classic skyscrapers of the Chicago School of Architecture, such as Burnham and Root's Monadnock and the Reliance Buildings, as well as buildings from the early Modernist period, such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's IBM Building and 860-880 Lake Shore Drive Apartments. Chicago's earliest surviving building, the Henry B. Clarke House is on the Near South Side, close to the Prairie Avenue District, which many critics view as the jewel of residential Chicago architecture.
Architect Louis Sullivan's work is represented by the Carson, Pirie and Company Building, Auditorium Building. Though Frank Lloyd Wright worked downtown early in his career as an assistant to Sullivan - including work on the James Charnley House - his own work in the central city is represented only by a renovation of the lobby of Daniel Burnham's and John Wellborn Root's Rookery Building. At least three sites relate to the city's role in nationwide retailing. Included are several religious buildings, six hotels, four theaters; this National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted April 12, 2019. List of Chicago Landmarks National Register of Historic Places listings in Cook County, Illinois List of National Historic Landmarks in Illinois National Register of Historic Places listings in North Side Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in West Side Chicago Chicago Listing on the National Register of Historic Places, August 5, 2011, City of Chicago, Rahm Emanuel, Mayor.
NPS Focus database, National Park Service
Chicago River
The Chicago River is a system of rivers and canals with a combined length of 156 miles that runs through the city of Chicago, including its center. Though not long, the river is notable because it is one of the reasons for Chicago's geographic importance: the related Chicago Portage is a link between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River Basin, the Gulf of Mexico; the River is noteworthy for its natural and human-engineered history. In 1887, the Illinois General Assembly decided to reverse the flow of the Chicago River through civil engineering by taking water from Lake Michigan and discharging it into the Mississippi River watershed in response to concerns created by an extreme weather event in 1885 that threatened the city's water supply. In 1889, the Illinois General Assembly created the Chicago Sanitary District to replace the Illinois and Michigan Canal with the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, a much larger waterway, because the former had become inadequate to serve the city's increasing sewage and commercial navigation needs.
Completed by 1900, the project reversed the flow of the Main Stem and South Branch of the Chicago River by using a series of canal locks and increasing the flow from Lake Michigan into the river, causing the river to empty into the new Canal instead. In 1999, the system was named a'Civil Engineering Monument of the Millennium' by the American Society of Civil Engineers; the river is represented on the Municipal Flag of Chicago by two horizontal blue stripes. Its three branches serve as the inspiration for the Municipal Device, a three-branched, Y-shaped symbol, found on many buildings and other structures throughout Chicago; when it followed its natural course, the North and South Branches of the Chicago River converged at Wolf Point to form the Main Stem, which jogged southward from the present course of the river to avoid a baymouth bar, entering Lake Michigan at about the level of present-day Madison Street. Today, the Main Stem of the Chicago River flows west from Lake Michigan to Wolf Point, where it converges with the North Branch to form the South Branch, which flows southwest and empties into the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal.
Early settlers named the North Branch of the Chicago River the Guarie River, or Gary's River, after a trader who may have settled the west bank of the river a short distance north of Wolf Point, at what is now Fulton Street. The source of the North Branch is in the northern suburbs of Chicago where its three principal tributaries converge; the Skokie River—or East Fork—rises from a flat area a wetland, near Park City, Illinois to the west of the city of Waukegan. It flows southward, paralleling the edge of Lake Michigan, through wetlands, the Greenbelt Forest Preserve and a number of golf courses towards Highland Park, Illinois. South of Highland Park the river passes the Chicago Botanic Gardens and through an area of former marshlands known as the Skokie Lagoons; the Middle Fork arises near Rondout and flows southwards through Lake Forest and Highland Park. These two tributaries merge at Watersmeet Woods west of Wilmette. From there the North Branch flows south towards Morton Grove; the West Fork rises near Mettawa and flows south through Bannockburn and Northbrook, meeting the North Branch at Morton Grove.
In recognition of the work of Ralph Frese in promoting canoeing on and conservation of Chicago-area rivers, the forest preserve district of Cook County, Illinois has designated a section of the East Fork and North Branch from Willow Road in Northfield to Dempster Street in Morton Grove the Ralph Frese River Trail. The North Branch continues southwards through Niles, entering the city of Chicago near the intersection of Milwaukee Avenue and Devon Avenue, from where it serves as the boundary of the Forest Glen community area with Norwood Park and Jefferson Park; this stretch of the river meanders in a south-easterly direction, passing through golf courses and forest preserves until it reaches Foster Avenue, where it passes through residential neighborhoods on the north side of the Albany Park community area. In River Park the river meets the North Shore Channel, a drainage canal built between 1907 and 1910 to increase the flow of the North Branch and help flush pollution into the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal.
From the confluence with the North Shore Channel south to Belmont Avenue the North Branch flows through residential neighborhoods in a man-made channel, dug to straighten and deepen the river, helping it to carry the additional flow from the North Shore Channel. South of Belmont the North Branch is lined with a mixture of residential developments, retail parks, industry until it reaches the industrial area known as the Clybourn Corridor. Here it passes beneath the Cortland Street Drawbridge, the first'Chicago-style' fixed-trunnion bascule bridge built in the United States, is designated as an ASCE Civil Engineering Landmark and a Chicago Landmark. At North Avenue, south of the North Avenue Bridge, the North Branch divides, the original course of the river makes a curve along the west side of Goose Island, whilst the North Branch Canal cuts off the bend, forming the island; the North Branch Canal—or Ogden's Canal—was completed in 1857, was 50 feet wide and 10 feet deep allowing craft navigating the river to avoid the bend.
The 1902 Cherry Avenue Bridge, just south of North Avenue, was constructed to carry the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway onto Goose Island, it is a rare example of an asymmetric bob-tail swing bridge and was designated a Chicago Landmark in 2007. From Goose Island the North Branch continues to flow south east to Wolf Point where it joins the Main Stem. T
National Register of Historic Places listings in DuPage County, Illinois
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in DuPage County, Illinois. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in DuPage County, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register districts. There are 45 districts listed on the National Register in the county. Another property has been removed; this National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted April 12, 2019. List of National Historic Landmarks in Illinois National Register of Historic Places listings in Illinois
National Register of Historic Places listings in North Side Chicago
There are 94 sites in the National Register of Historic Places listings in North Side Chicago — of 374 listings within the City of Chicago, in Cook County, Illinois. The North Side is defined for this article as the area west of Lake Michigan, north of North Avenue, east of the Chicago River — plus the area north of Fullerton Avenue going west of the River and north to the Chicago city limits; the listed properties are distributed across 20 of the 77 well-defined community areas of Chicago. This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted April 12, 2019. List of Chicago Landmarks National Register of Historic Places in Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in Central Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago National Register of Historic Places listings in West Side Chicago List of Registered Historic Places in Illinois List of National Historic Landmarks in Illinois Chicago Listing on the National Register of Historic Places, August 5, 2011, City of Chicago, Rahm Emanuel, Mayor.
NPS Focus database, National Park Service
Chicago and North Western Railway Power House
The Chicago and North Western Railway Power House is the historic power house which served the 1911 Chicago and North Western Terminal in Chicago, Illinois. The building was designed by Frost & Granger in 1909. Construction on the building finished in the same year the terminal opened; the irregularly shaped building borders Clinton Street, Milwaukee Avenue, Lake Street, the former Chicago and North Western tracks, which are now used by Metra. The power house was built in cream brick with terra cotta trim and ornamentation; the building contained four rooms, a large engine room and boiler room and a smaller engineer's office and reception room. The Chicago Tribune reported in 1948 that the power house output enough power to serve a city of 15,000 people; the power house ceased to serve the station in the 1960s, but when the terminal was demolished and replaced by Ogilvie Transportation Center in 1984, the power house survived. It is one of two remaining railroad power houses in Chicago and the only remaining power house for the Chicago and North Western.
The power house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 10, 2004. It was designated as a Chicago Landmark on January 11, 2006. Prior to its designation as a landmark, the building had long been slated for demolition, its sub-basements were damaged by the 1992 Chicago Flood. A real estate developer purchased the building and, by adding two additional interior floors, re-developed the structure into a mixed-use office and retail building; the renovations won the Best Adaptive Reuse award from Landmarks Illinois in 2007
West Side, Chicago
The West Side is one of the three major sections of the city of Chicago in Cook County, along with the North Side and the South Side. The West Side consists of communities that are of historical and ideological importance to the history and development of Chicago. On the municipal flag of Chicago, the West Side is represented by the central white stripe. Referenced by the media as an urban ghetto, or a poor, crime-ridden area of the city, the West Side has gone through many transitions in its ethnic and socioeconomic makeup due to its historic role as a gateway for immigrants and migrants as well as its role for funneling poorer residents away from the wealthier lakeside neighborhoods and central business district. Today, the West Side consists of large communities of working class, low-income, poverty-stricken Black, Puerto Rican, Mexican residents. Major shifts continue to happen due to forces such as rapid gentrification, selective corporate investments, unequal distribution of city resources.
There are a range of services available on the West Side educational and medical institutions. The University of Illinois at Chicago is on the West Side, as is the United Center, home to the Chicago Bulls and Chicago Blackhawks. One of the nation's largest urban medical districts, the Illinois Medical District, is on the West Side. Three of Chicago's largest parks, along with much of the city's boulevard system, are in this part of the city: Humboldt Park, Garfield Park, Douglas Park; the West Side is accessible by the interstate and public transportation via the Chicago Transit Authority's many bus routes, the Chicago'L', the Metra commuter rail, the Eisenhower Expressway. Additionally, Cook County Jail, the United States' largest single site jail, a secretive interrogation facility maintained by the Chicago Police Department, are both on the West Side; as with the other sides of the city, there is no consensus as to the exact boundaries of the West Side. The city's annexation of land beyond the original western border at Wood Street gave way to the development of the West Side.
The city legislature added more land in 1869 through the annexation of West Town area, the rest of the area was absorbed in 1899 through the annexation of the Austin area. Before the 1909 re-numbering of Chicago's street addresses, all addresses west of the Chicago River were designated as "west," but this changed with the establishment of the address numbering system Chicago uses today. Madison Street is designated as the north-south axis and State Street as the east-west axis, but State Street is not included in and geographically distant from the West Side; the most referenced borders by officials that are assigned to the West Side are North Avenue to the north and 31st Street to the south. The western border is where the edge of the city meets the western suburbs of Oak Cicero; these two suburbs border the communities of Austin and Little Village. The eastern border is the most disputed border by residents, real estate brokers, city officials. While some will claim Western Avenue is the eastern border, those in the communities east of Western Avenue such as West Town, the Near West Side, Pilsen have more historical and cultural ties to the West Side and the central, inner city area more so than to the North Side or South Side.
In certain texts, the communities within West Town and Pilsen are grouped together as the Near Northwest Side and Near Southwest Side respectively. Therefore, using the Chicago River as an eastern border of the West Side becomes suitable. Regardless of how the boundaries are defined, the West Side is the smallest in area of the three sections of the city, with an area of 34.7 square miles. According to the city's official division of its 77 community areas, nine community areas compose the West Side: West Town, the Near West Side, the Lower West Side, Humboldt Park, East Garfield Park, West Garfield Park, North Lawndale, South Lawndale, Austin. Within these community areas are smaller neighborhoods, some of which match the community area's name and boundaries, some of which do not use the community area's name at all; the three main community areas that do not match their colloquial neighborhood names are the Lower West Side, known as Pilsen. Neighborhoods within these community areas include East Ukrainian Village, Ukrainian Village, Noble Square, Pulaski Park, The Patch, Wicker Park within West Town.
A majority of the West Side's Black residents live in the Near West Side, Garfield Park, Austin and the southern portion of Humboldt Park. As demographic maps from the 2010 U. S. Census show, the Black community on the West Side is bordered to the north and to the south by Latino residents. On the north and moving northwest are Puerto Rican and other Latino residents living in the communities of West Town and Humboldt Park, to the south are Mexican residents living in the communities of Pilsen and Little Village; the gentrifying areas of West Town, the Near West Side, Pilsen are seeing large influxes of mostl
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